All 16 tenses

Tense Example b
Present simple I eat chocolate. (আমি চকলেট খাই)
Present continuous I am eating chocolate.(আমি চকলেট খাচ্ছি)
Present perfect I have eaten chocolate.(আমি চকলেট খেয়েছি)
Present perfect cont. I have been eating chocolate (আমি চকলেট খেয়ে যাচ্ছি).
Past simple I ate chocolate. (আমি চকলেট খেয়েছিলাম)
Past continuous I was eating chocolate. (আমি চকলেট খাচ্ছিলাম)
Past perfect I had eaten chocolate. (আমি চকলেট খেয়েছিলাম)
Past perfect cont. I had been eating chocolate.(আমি চকোলেট খাচ্ছি এবং খেয়েছি।)
Future simple I will eat chocolate. (আমি চকলেট খাব)
Future continuous I will be eating chocolate. (আমি চকলেট খেতে থাকবো)
Future perfect I will have eaten chocolate. (আমি চকোলেট খেয়ে ফেলব।)
Future perfect cont. I will have been eating chocolate.
Conditional Simple: I would eat chocolate.(আমি চকোলেট খেতাম)
Conditional cont. I would be eating chocolate.(আমি চকোলেট খেতে থাকতাম)
Conditional Perfect I would have eaten chocolate. (আমি চকোলেট খেয়েছিলাম)
Conditional Perfect cont. I would have been eating chocolate.

Present Tenses:
​ Simple Present Tense:
● Use: Used for general truths, habits, routines, and facts.
● Structure: Subject + Base Form of Verb (+s/es for third person
singular)
● Example: She reads books every day.
​ Present Continuous Tense:
● Use: Describes actions happening at the moment of speaking or
ongoing/temporary actions.
● Structure: Subject + am/is/are + Verb-ing
● Example: They are playing football right now.
​ Present Perfect Tense:
● Use: Used to describe actions or events that have a connection to the present
moment.
● Structure: Subject + have/has + Past Participle(v3)
● Example: I have visited Paris several times.
​ Present Perfect Continuous Tense:
● Use: Used for actions that started in the past, continue in the present, and may
continue into the future.
● Structure: Subject + have/has + been + Verb-ing
● Example: She has been working here for five years.
Past Tenses:
​ Simple Past Tense:
● Use: Describes completed actions in the past.
● Structure: Subject + Past Form of Verb(v2)
● Example: He visited London last summer.
​ Past Continuous Tense:
● Use: Describes ongoing actions in the past.
● Structure: Subject + was/were + Verb-ing
● Example: They were studying when the power went out.
​ Past Perfect Tense:
● Use: Used to show that one action in the past happened before another action in
the past.
● Structure: Subject + had + Past Participle (v3)
● Example: She had already eaten when I arrived.
​ Past Perfect Continuous Tense:
● Use: Describes actions that started in the past and continued up to a certain point
in the past.
● Structure: Subject + had + been + Verb-ing
● Example: They had been playing for hours when it started raining.

Future Tenses:
​ Simple Future Tense:
● Use: Used to express actions that will happen in the future.
● Structure: Subject + will + Base Form of Verb
● Example: She will travel to Paris next week.
​ Future Continuous Tense:
● Use: Describes ongoing actions that will happen in the future.
● Structure: Subject + will + be + Verb-ing
● Example: This time tomorrow, I will be flying to New York.
​ Future Perfect Tense:
● Use: Used to describe an action that will be completed before a specific point in
the future.
● Structure: Subject + will + have + Past Participle
● Example: By next year, I will have finished my degree.
​ Future Perfect Continuous Tense:
● Use: Describes an ongoing action that will be happening up to a certain point in
the future.
● Structure: Subject + will + have + been + Verb-ing
● Example: By the time you arrive, I will have been waiting for an hour.
●
Person:

Person is about who is speaking, who is being spoken to, and who or what is being
talked about.

■First Person is when the speaker talks about themselves: "I" or "we".
- Example:
●I am going to the store. (talking about oneself)
●We are going to the store. (talking about a group that includes the speaker)

■Second Person is when the speaker talks directly to someone: "you".

- Example:
●You are reading this. (talking directly to the reader)

■Third Person is when the speaker talks about someone or something else: "he",
"she", "it", "they".

- Example:
●He is studying. (talking about a guy)
●They are going to the party. (talking about a group)

Number:
Number is about how many of something there are.

● Singular: This refers to one person, animal, or thing.

Example:
- The cat is sleeping.

● Plural: This refers to more than one person, animal, or thing.

Example:
- The cats are sleeping.
◼First Person Singular (Referring to oneself):

● I am
● I have
● I had

◼Second Person Singular (Referring to one person you're speaking to):

● You are
● You have
● You had

◼Third Person Singular (Referring to someone or something else, like he, she, or it):

● He/She/It is
● He/She/It has
● He/She/It had

◼First Person Plural (Referring to oneself and others):

● We are
● We have
● We had

◼Second Person Plural (Referring to more than one person you're speaking to):

● You are
● You have
● You had
◼Third Person Plural (Referring to more than one person or things, like they):

● They are
● They have
● They had
◼Past Tense for All Persons:

I/You/He/She/It/We/They was (singular)

I/You/He/She/It/We/They were (plural)

◼Present Perfect Tense (Referring to actions that have happened before now):
I/You/We/They have
He/She/It has

◼Past Perfect Tense (Referring to actions that happened before a certain point in the
past)
I/You/We/They had
He/She/It had

—-----------------------------------------

​ ◼Have:
● I, we, you, they: Use "have" with these pronouns in the present tense.
● I have a book.
● We have a meeting.
● You have a cat.
● They have a car.
​ ◼Has:
● He, she, it: Use "has" with these pronouns in the present tense.
● He has a dog.
● She has a job.
● It has a name.
​ ◼Had:
● I, you, he, she, it, we, they: Use "had" in the past tense.
● I had a great time.
● You had an interesting experience.
● She had a wonderful vacation.
● They had a nice dinner.
​ ◼Will Have:
● I, you, he, she, it, we, they: Use "will have" in the future tense.
● I will have a meeting tomorrow.
● You will have a test next week.
● She will have a birthday party on Saturday.
▉ First Person Singular (Referring to oneself):

● I am happy.
● I have a cat.
● I had breakfast this morning.

▉ Second Person Singular (Referring to one person you're speaking to):

● You are my friend.

● You have a beautiful garden.
● You had a good idea.

▉ Third Person Singular (Referring to someone or something else, like he, she, or it):

● He is a doctor.
● She has a lovely singing voice.
● It had a bright color.

▉ First Person Plural (Referring to oneself and others):

● We are going to the park.

● We have a lot of fun together.
● We had a great time at the party.

▉ Second Person Plural (Referring to more than one person you're speaking to):

● You are all invited to the event.

● You have some impressive talents.
● You had a long journey.

▉ Third Person Plural (Referring to more than one person or things, like they):

● They are playing in the garden.

● They have three cats.
● They had a successful meeting.

▉Past Tense for All Persons:

● I was at the store.

● You were in the park.
● He was on vacation.
 ● She was very busy.
● It was a sunny day.
● We were at the concert.
● They were at the museum.

▉Present Perfect Tense (Referring to actions that have happened before now):

● I have finished my homework.

● You have visited that museum before.
● We have never tried this restaurant.
● They have seen that movie.

▉ Past Perfect Tense (Referring to actions that happened before a certain point in the
past):

● I had already eaten when you called.

● You had already left by the time I arrived.
● We had visited that city once before.
● They had read the book before watching the movie.

The verb "be" is one of the most important and commonly used verbs in the
English language. It serves as both a linking verb and an auxiliary verb. Here are
its various forms:

◽ Present Simple Tense:

● I am
● You are
● He/She/It is
● We are
● You (plural) are
● They are

◽ Past Simple Tense:

● I was
● You were
● He/She/It was
 ● We were
● You (plural) were
● They were

◽ Present Continuous Tense (as an auxiliary verb):

● I am eating.
● She is running.

◽ Past Continuous Tense (as an auxiliary verb):

● They were studying.
● I was working.

◽ Present Perfect Tense (as an auxiliary verb):

● She has been to Paris.
● We have seen that movie.

◽ Past Perfect Tense (as an auxiliary verb):

● He had already eaten.
● They had finished the project.

◽ Future Simple Tense (as an auxiliary verb):

● I will be there.
● They will be at the party.

◽ Modal Verbs (as an auxiliary verb):

● He can be helpful.
● She should be careful.

◽ Passive Voice (as an auxiliary verb):

● The cake is baked by her.
● The letter was written by him.
The base form, past form, and past participle form are three different verb forms used in English
to indicate different tenses or aspects of an action. Here's an explanation of each:

​ Base Form (Infinitive): v1

● The base form of a verb is the simplest form, often preceded by the word "to"
(e.g., to run, to eat, to sleep).
● It is used in the present tense with "he/she/it" (e.g., He runs fast).
● It is used after modal verbs like can, will, should, etc. (e.g., She can sing).
● It's used for the imperative mood (giving commands or instructions) (e.g., Run!
Eat your vegetables).
●
​ Past Form (Simple Past):v2
● The past form of a regular verb is usually formed by adding "-ed" to the base form
(e.g., walked, talked, played).
● Irregular verbs have unique past forms that don't follow a specific pattern (e.g.,
go-went, eat-ate, see-saw).
●
​ Past Participle: v3
● The past participle form of a regular verb is usually formed by adding "-ed" to the
base form (e.g., walked, talked, played).
● For irregular verbs, the past participle form can be quite different from both the
base and past forms (e.g., go-gone, eat-eaten, see-seen).

The past participle is used in several tenses, including:

● The present perfect tense (e.g., I have eaten).

● The past perfect tense (e.g., She had seen it before).
● The passive voice (e.g., The cake was baked by her).

It's important to note that not all verbs follow the regular pattern of adding "-ed" for the past
forms and past participles. Irregular verbs have their own unique forms that need to be
memorized.

For example, some irregular verbs:

● go-went-gone
● be-was/were-been
● have-had-had
● do-did-done
Understanding these forms is crucial for constructing sentences in various tenses and moods in
English.

Certainly! Parts of speech are categories that help us understand how words function in
sentences. There are eight main parts of speech:

​ Noun: A noun is a word that represents a person, place, thing, or idea.

● Examples:
● Person: teacher
● Place: park
● Thing: book
● Idea: freedom
​ Pronoun: A pronoun is a word used to replace a noun in a sentence to avoid repetition.
● Examples:
● he, she, it, they, we, you, I
​ Verb: A verb is a word that expresses an action, occurrence, or state of being.
● Examples:
● Action: run, eat, write
● Occurrence: happen, occur, become
● State of Being: is, was, are
​ Adjective: An adjective is a word that describes or gives more information about a noun.
● Examples:
● big, happy, red, tasty
​ Adverb: An adverb is a word that gives more information about a verb, adjective, or other
adverb.
● Examples:
● Verb: quickly run
● Adjective: very big
● Adverb: extremely quickly
​ Preposition: A preposition is a word that shows the relationship between a noun or
pronoun and other words in a sentence.
● Examples: in, on, under, over, beside
​ Conjunction: A conjunction is a word that connects words, phrases, or clauses.
● Examples: and, but, or, because
​ Interjection: An interjection is a word or phrase that expresses strong emotion.
● Examples: wow, ouch, oh no!

Let's see these in a simple sentence:

Example: The happy cat chased the red ball.

 ● Noun: cat, ball
● Pronoun: None in this sentence.
● Verb: chased
● Adjective: happy, red
● Adverb: None in this sentence.
● Preposition: None in this sentence.
● Conjunction: None in this sentence.
● Interjection: None in this sentence.

• She quickly ate the delicious cake," we have:

● Noun: cake
● Pronoun: She
● Adverb: quickly
● Verb: ate
● Determiner: the
● Adjective: delicious

● Sentence: The sun sets slowly over the horizon.

○ Noun: sun, horizon
○ Verb: sets
○ Adjective: slowly
○ Adverb: slowly
○ Preposition: over
● Sentence: He laughed heartily at the joke.
○ Pronoun: He
○ Verb: laughed
○ Adverb: heartily
○ Preposition: at
○ Noun: joke
● Sentence: They danced and sang joyfully.
○ Pronoun: They
○ Verb: danced, sang
○ Conjunction: and
○ Adverb: joyfully
○
● Sentence: In the garden, colorful flowers bloom in spring.
○ Preposition: In
○ Determiner: the
○ Noun: garden, flowers, spring
○ Adjective: colorful
○ Verb: bloom
○ Preposition: in
● Sentence: Wow, what a stunning view!
○ Interjection: Wow
○ Pronoun: what
○ Determiner: a
○ Adjective: stunning
○ Noun: view
● Sentence: She carefully painted a beautiful picture.
○ Pronoun: She
○ Adverb: carefully
○ Verb: painted
○ Determiner: a
○ Adjective: beautiful
○ Noun: picture
● Sentence: The old bridge creaked loudly.
○ Determiner: The
○ Adjective: old
○ Noun: bridge
○ Verb: creaked
○ Adverb: loudly
● Sentence: He and his sister are very close.
○ Pronoun: He, his, her
○ Conjunction: and
○ Adjective: close
○ Verb: are
○ Adverb: very
● Sentence: The book on the table is mine.
○ Determiner: The, my
○ Noun: book, table
○ Preposition: on
○ Pronoun: mine
● Sentence: Unfortunately, the train was delayed.
○ Adverb: Unfortunately
○ Determiner: the
○ Noun: train
○ Verb: was delayed
 ● Countable Nouns:
○ Definition: These are nouns that refer to individual items or units that can be
counted as discrete entities. They have both singular and plural forms.
○ Examples:
■ Singular: cat, dog, book, table, apple
■ Plural: cats, dogs, books, tables, apples
○ Usage:
■ You can use numbers with countable nouns: one cat, two books, three
tables, etc.
■ You can use articles like "a" or "an" with countable nouns.
○ Quantifiers: They can be used with quantifiers like "many," "few," "several," etc.
○ Example Sentence:
■ "I have three books on my shelf."
● Uncountable Nouns:
○ Definition: These are nouns that refer to substances, concepts, or things that
cannot be counted as individual units. They are treated as a whole or mass and
do not have a plural form.
○ Examples:
■ water, air, sugar, love, information
○ Usage:
■ Uncountable nouns don't have a plural form. You can't say "sugars" or
"waters."
■ They are often used with determiners like "some," "a lot of," "a little," etc.
○ Quantifiers: They often use quantifiers like "some," "much," "a little," etc.
○ Example Sentence:
■ "There is some sugar in the bowl."

Be verb and Have verb

​ "Be" Verb:
● Present Tense:
● I am
● You are
● He/She/It is
● We/You/They are
● Past Tense:
● I was
● You were
● He/She/It was
● We/You/They were
 ● Present Continuous Tense:
● I am being
● You are being
● He/She/It is being
● We/You/They are being
● Past Continuous Tense:
● I was being
● You were being
● He/She/It was being
● We/You/They were being
● Present Perfect Tense:
● I have been
● You have been
● He/She/It has been
● We/You/They have been
● Past Perfect Tense:
● I had been
● You had been
● He/She/It had been
● We/You/They had been
● Future Tense:
● I will be
● You will be
● He/She/It will be
● We/You/They will be
​ Example sentences:
● She is a doctor.
● They were at the park.
● I have been to Paris.

​ "Have" Verb:
● Present Tense:
● I have
● You have
● He/She/It has
● We/You/They have
● Past Tense:
● I had
● You had
● He/She/It had
 ● We/You/They had
● Present Perfect Tense:
● I have had
● You have had
● He/She/It has had
● We/You/They have had
● Past Perfect Tense:
● I had had
● You had had
● He/She/It had had
● We/You/They had had
​ Example sentences:
● She has a cat.
● We had dinner at the restaurant.
● I have had this book for years.

All Type of verbs -

​ Action Verbs:
● These verbs describe physical or mental actions.
● Example:
● Run (physical action) - She runs every morning.
● Think (mental action) - I think a lot about the future.
​ Linking Verbs:
● These verbs connect the subject of a sentence with a subject
complement, which can be a noun, pronoun, or adjective.
● Common linking verbs include: be (am, is, are, was, were, etc.), become,
seem, feel, look, appear, etc.
● Example:
● She is a doctor. (The linking verb "is" connects "She" to "a doctor.")
​ Helping Verbs:
● Also known as auxiliary verbs, these verbs help the main verb express
tense, mood, and voice. They "help" convey the meaning of the main verb.
● Common helping verbs include: be (am, is, are, was, were, etc.), have (has,
have, had), do (does, do, did).
● Example:
● I have finished my homework. (The helping verb "have" is helping
the main verb "finished" express the present perfect tense.)
​ Modal Verbs:
● These are a special category of helping verbs that express necessity,
possibility, ability, or other related ideas. They are always followed by a
base form of the main verb (without "to").
● Common modal verbs include: can, could, may, might, will, would, shall,
should, must, ought to.
● Example:
● She can sing beautifully. (Expresses ability)
● You should eat more vegetables. (Expresses advice or suggestion)
​ Phrasal Verbs:
● These are verbs combined with prepositions or adverbs to create a new
meaning.
● Example:
● He looked up the word in the dictionary. ("Looked up" means to
search for information.)
​ Transitive and Intransitive Verbs:
● Transitive verbs are followed by a direct object (something or someone
that receives the action of the verb).
● Example: She ate (transitive) an apple.
● Intransitive verbs do not have a direct object.
● Example: He slept (intransitive).
​ Regular and Irregular Verbs:
● Regular verbs form their past tense and past participle by adding "-ed" to
the base form.
● Example: play (base form) → played (past tense) → played (past
participle)
● Irregular verbs have unpredictable forms in the past tense and past
participle.
● Example: go (base form) → went (past tense) → gone (past
participle)