NOCN C2 Glossary.

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 Contents

Preparation tasks ........................................................................................................................... p. 5

Test 1 .................................................................................................................................................... p. 11

Test 2 .................................................................................................................................................... p. 14

Test 3 .................................................................................................................................................... p. 16

Test 4 ..................................................................................................................................................   p. 19

Test 5 ..................................................................................................................................................   p. 21

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 Key to Phonetic Symbols
Vowels & Diphthongs
\A…\ calm, heart, far \Å\ lot, spot
\œ\ act, mass \´U\ note, coat
\aI\ drive, cry \O…\ claw, author
\aI´\ fire, tyre \OI\ boy, joint
\aU\ out, down \U\ could, stood
\aU´\ flour, sour \u…\ you, use
\e\ met, lend, pen \U´\ lure, pure
\eI\ say, weight \‰…\ turn, third
\e´\ fair, care \ø\ fund, must
\I\ fit, win \´\ the first vowel in about
\i…\ feed, me \i\ the second vowel in very
\I´\ near, beard \u\ the second vowel in actual

Consonants
\b\ bed, rub \t\ talk, bet
\d\ done, red \v\ van, love
\f\ fit, if \w\ win, wool
\g\ good, dog \x\ loch
\h\ hat, horse \z\ zoo, buzz
\j\ yellow, you \S\ ship, wish
\k\ king, pick \Z\ measure, leisure
\l\ lip, bill \N\ sing, working
\m\ mat, ram \tS\ cheap, witch
\n\ not, tin \T\ thin, myth
\p\ pay, lip \D\ then, bathe
\r\ run, read
\dZ\ joy, bridge
\s\ soon, bus

Word stress is shown by primary stress and secondary stress: entertainment \Æent´"teInm´nt\

Abbreviations
abbrev = abbreviation (συντομογραφία) sb = somebody (κάποιος)
adj = adjective (επίθετο) sth = something (κάτι)
adv = adverb (επίρρημα) v = verb (ρήμα)
conj = conjunction (σύνδεσμος)
idm = idiom (ιδιωματισμός)
n = noun (ουσιαστικό)
phr = phrase (φράση)
phr v = phrasal verb (περιφραστικό ρήμα)
pl n = plural noun (ουσιαστικό πληθυντικού αριθμού)
pp = past participle (παθητική μετοχή)
pres p = present participle (ενεργητική μετοχή)
prep = preposition (πρόθεση)
pron = pronoun (αντωνυμία)

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 PREPARATION TASKS

PREPARATION TASKS LP2.9 affordability \´ÆfO…d´"bIl´ti\ (n) = the fact that sth is
cheap enough for people to buy / δυνατότητα
Listening – Part 1 (pp. 6-7) αγοράς, διαθεσιμότητα
LP2.10 processor \"pr´Uses´\ (n) = a clip in a computer that
LP1.1 incident \"InsId´nt\ (n) = an unpleasant event / controls its operations / επεξεργαστής
περιστατικό, συμβάν (ηλεκτρονικού υπολογιστή)
LP1.2 resolution \Ærez´"lu…S´n\ (n) = the quality of a LP2.11 core processor \"kO… Æpr´Uses´\ (n) = each of the
computer screen to give a clear image / ανάλυση processing units of a computer / κεντρικός
(οθόνης) επεξεργαστής
LP1.3 reversible \rI"v‰…s´b´l\ (adj) = (of a situation) that can LP2.12 conserve \k´n"s‰…v\ (v) = to use as little of sth as
be changed to how it was previously / (για μια possible so that it lasts a long time / εξοικονομώ,
κατάσταση) αναστρέψιμη δε σπαταλώ
LP1.4 speak your mind (phr) = to say exactly what you
think, in a very direct way / λέω ευθέως τη γνώμη Listening – Part 3 (pp. 10-11)
μου
LP1.5 set out (to do sth) \Æset "aUt\ (phr v) = to begin a task LP3.1 debate \dI"beIt\ (n) = a formal discussion of an issue /
with a particular aim / ξεκινώ (να κάνω κάτι) επίσημη συζήτηση, αντιπαράθεση
LP1.6 set off \Æset "Åf\ (phr v) = to begin a journey / ξεκινώ LP3.2 avoidance \´"vOId´ns\ (n) = not doing sth / αποφυγή,
(ένα ταξίδι) το να μην κάνω κάτι
LP1.7 alternative \O…l"t‰…n´tIv\ (n) = an option / LP3.3 according to \´"kO…dIN t´\ (prep) = as stated by /
εναλλακτική λύση σύμφωνα με
LP1.8 it makes my day (phr) = it's really great news / (για LP3.4 educator \"edjUkeIt´\ (n) = sb whose job is to teach
ειδήσεις) μου φτιάχνουν τη μέρα people / εκπαιδευτικός
LP1.9 let's call it a day (phr) = let's stop here / ας LP3.5 contributor \k´n"trIbj´t´\ (n) = sth that helps to cause
σταματήσουμε εδώ (την εργασία μας για σήμερα) sth else / συντελεστής, αυτό που συμβάλλει σε
LP1.10 disturb \dI"st‰…b\ (v) = to interrupt sb / ενοχλώ, κάτι άλλο
διακόπτω κάποιον LP3.6 aggression \´"greS´n\ (n) = feelings of anger and
LP1.11 I'm sorry for your loss (phr) = I have sympathy for hate / εχθρότητα, επιθετικότητα
you because a relative/friend of yours has died / LP3.7 reluctant \rI"løkt´nt\ (adj) = unwilling to dο sth /
σε συλλυπούμαι απρόθυμος
LP1.12 run out (of sth) \Ærøn "aUt\ (phr v) = to use all of sth / LP3.8 capture (sb/sth) \"kœptS´\ (v) = to photograph sb/
μου τελειώνει κάτι sth / φωτογραφίζω κάποιον/κάτι
LP1.13 cut (sth) back \Ækøt "bœk\ (phr v) = to reduce sth / LP3.9 citizen \"sItIz´n\ (n) = sb who lives in a particular
μειώνω, περιορίζω κάτι place of a country / πολίτης
LP1.14 gradually \"grœdZu´li\ (adv) = slowly / σταδιακά, LP3.10 validity \v´"lId´ti\ (n) = the quality of sth being logical
σιγά-σιγά or acceptable / αξιοπιστία, εγγυρότητα
LP1.15 I'd appreciate it if (phr) = Would you be so kind LP3.11 impede \Im"pi…d\ (v) = to stop the progress of sth /
as …? / Θα το εκτιμούσα αν … εμποδίζω, καθυστερώ
LP1.16 stuffy \"støfi\ (adj) = (of a room) without enough LP3.12 multi-tracking \Æmølti "trœkIN\ (n) = a system
fresh air / (για δωμάτιο) αποπνικτικό according to which students split into groups and
attend school in turn / εκπαιδευτικό σύστημα
Listening – Part 2 (pp. 8-9) σύμφωνα με το οποίο διαφορετικές ομάδες
μαθητών ακολουθούν διαφορετικά προγράμματα
LP2.1 leg cramp \"leg Ækrœmp\ (n) = a sudden pain that you LP3.13 sibling \"sIblIN\ (n) = a brother or a sister / αδελφός,
get when the leg muscles contract / κράμπα στο αδελφή
πόδι LP3.14 enrol (sb) \In"r´Ul\ (v) = to arrange for sb to officially
LP2.2 cable car \"keIb´l ÆkA…\ (n) = a vehicle that hangs join a course / εγγράφω (σε σχολείο)
from, and is pulled by, a moving cable / τελεφερίκ LP3.15 sth is derived from sth else (phr) = sth comes from
LP2.3 coffee plantation \"kÅfi plœnÆteIS´n\ (n) = a large sth else / κάτι προέρχεται από κάτι άλλο
area of land where coffee crops grow / φυτεία LP3.16 boredom \"bO…d´m\ (n) = the state of feeling bored /
καφέ ανία, πλήξη
LP2.4 reprimand \"reprImA…nd\ (v) = to tell sb officially that LP3.17 appliance \´"plaI´ns\ (n) = a device / συσκευή
you do not approve of them or their actions / LP3.18 contaminate \k´n"tœmIneIt\ (v) = to pollute / μολύνω
επιπλήττω LP3.19 warranted \"wÅr´ntId\ (adj) = justified /
LP2.5 craft \krA…ft\ (n) = an activity involving a special skill δικαιολογημένος
at making things with your hands / χειροτεχνία LP3.20 measurable \"meZ´r´b´l\ (adj) = that can be
LP2.6 preserve \prI"z‰…v\ (n) = jam / μαρμελάδα measured / μετρήσιμος
LP2.7 accessory \´k"ses´ri\ (n) = a thing you can wear or LP3.21 developmental stage \dIÆvel´pment´l "steIdZ\ (n) = a
carry that matches your clothes / αξεσουάρ stage during the development of a human
LP2.8 novelty \"nÅv´lti\ (n) = the quality of being new / being / στάδιο ανάπτυξης (ενός ανθρώπου)
καινοτομία

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LP3.22 expose \Ik"sp´Uz\ (v) = to put sb/sth in a place where
they are not protected from sth harmful / εκθέτω
σε κίνδυνο, αφήνω ακάλυπτο
LP3.23 alter \"O…lt´\ (v) = to change / τροποποιώ, μεταβάλλω
LP3.24 at all costs (phr) = whatever happens / πάση θυσία,
ό,τι κι αν γίνει
LP3.25 unwilling \øn"wIlIN\ (adj) = refusing to do sth /
απρόθυμος
LP3.26 modification \ÆmÅdIfI"keIS´n\ (n) = a change made to
improve sth / τροποποίηση, βελτίωση
LP3.27 course of action (phr) = a way of dealing with a
particular situation / σειρά ενεργειών
READING – Texts 1 & 2 (pp. 12-17)
Exercise 1 (p. 12)
RE1.1 disorder \dIs"O…d´\ (n) = a condition that affects the
way a part of the body or brain works / διαταραχή
RE1.2 originate \´"rIdZ´neIt\ (v) = to appear for the first
time / πρωτοεμφανίζομαι
Exercise 2 (p. 12)
RE2.1 curvy \"k‰…vi\ (adj) = having bends / με καμπύλες
RE2.2 stained glass \ÆsteInd "glA…s\ (n) = coloured glass /
βιτρό, τζάμι με υαλογράφημα
RE2.3 shell house \"Sel haUs\ (n) = the basic structure of a
house with its windows and external doors in
place / η βασική κατασκευή ενός κτιρίου με τα
παράθυρα και τις εξωτερικές πόρτες
RE2.4 spiral staircase (phr) = stairs that wind upwards
around a central point / ελικοειδής σκάλα
RE2.5 minimalistic \ÆmInIm´lIstIk\ (adj) = using the
smallest range of materials and colours possible /
μινιμαλιστικός, λιτός
RE2.6 adorn \´"dO…n\ (v) = to decorate sth / διακοσμώ
RE2.7 lush \løS\ (adj) = (of plants) growing thickly / (για
βλάστηση) πλούσια
RE2.8 be bathed in light (phr) = (of a building) to have a
lot of light / (για κτίριο) λούζεται στο φως
RE2.9 toss \tÅs\ (v) = to throw sth away / πετώ (στα
άχρηστα)
RE2.10 landfill \"lœndfIl\ (n) = an area of land where waste
materials are buried under the earth / χωματερή,
χώρος ταφής απορριμμάτων
RE2.11 overhaul \"´Uv´hO…l\ (n) = an examination of a
system, including doing repairs to it /
αναδιαμόρφωση, βελτίωση
RE2.12 ginger \"dZIndZ´\ (n) = a type of root used as spice /
τζίντζερ, πιπερόριζα
RE2.13 flowering \"flaU´rIN\ (adj) = that produces flowers /
που ανθοφορεί, που βγάζει λουλούδια
RE2.14 medicinal \m´"dIsIn´l\ (adj) = helpful in the process
of curing illness / φαρμακευτικός
RE1.15 gingerol \"dZIndZ´rÅl\ (n) = the substance that makes
ginger hot / η καυτερή ουσία που περιέχει το
τζίντζερ
RE2.16 bioactive \ÆbaI´U"œktIv\ (adj) = affecting living
tissues / βιοδραστικός, που επηρεάζει ζωντανούς
οργανισμούς
RE2.17 inhibit \In"hIbIt\ (v) = to prevent sth from
happening / καταστέλλω, εμποδίζω
6
Exercise 3 (p. 13)
RE3.1 brochure \"br´US´\ (n) = a small magazine with
pictures and information advertising sth /
μπροσούρα, διαφημιστικό φυλλάδιο
RE3.2 cathedral \k´"Ti…dr´l\ (n) = the main church of a
district / καθεδρικός ναός
RE3.3 baptistery \"bœptIstri\ (n) = (in the Roman Catholic
Church) a building next to a church, used for
baptism / (στη Ρωμαιοκαθολική Εκκλησία) το
κτίριο του βαπτιστηρίου
RE3.4 crypt \krIpt\ (n) = an underground room beneath a
church / κρύπτη (θολωτή κατασκευή κάτω από
ναό)
RE3.5 rooftop terrace \"ru…ftÅp Æter´s\ (n) = a small flat area
on the roof of a building / βεράντα σε στέγη
κτιρίου
Exercise 4 (p. 13)
RE4.1 ecosystem \"i…k´UÆsIst´m\ (n) = all the plants and
living creatures in a particular area / οικοσύστημα
RE4.2 biodiverse \ÆbaI´UdaI"v‰…s\ (adj) = (of a region)
having a high level of animal and plant diversity /
(για μια περιοχή) με μεγάλη βιοποικιλότητα
RE4.3 mammal \"mœm´l\ (n) = any animal that gives birth
to live young animals / θηλαστικό ζώο
RE4.4 situated \"sItSueItId\ (adj) = located / που βρίσκεται
RE4.5 isolation \ÆaIs´"leIS´n\ (n) = the state of being
separate from others / απομόνωση
Exercise 5 (p. 14)
RE5.1 prominent \"prÅmIn´nt\ (adj) = important; well-
known / επιφανής, διάσημος
RE5.2 stumble across (sth) \"stømb´l ´krÅs\ (phr v) = to
discover sth unexpectedly / ανακαλύπτω κάτι
τυχαία
RE5.3 bacterial \bœk"tI´ri´l\ (adj) = caused by bacteria /
βακτηριακός
RE5.4 antibiotic \ÆœntIbaI"ÅtIk\ (n) = a substance that can
cure infections / αντιβιοτικό
RE5.5 penicillin \ÆpenI"sIlIn\ (n) = a type of antibiotic /
πενικιλίνη
RE5.6 experimentation \IkÆsperImen"teIS´n\ (n) = the
activity of doing scientific experiments /
πειραματισμός
RE5.7 vulnerable \"vøln´r´b´l\ (adj) = easily harmed or
affected / ευπαθής
RE5.8 precaution \prI"kO…S´n\ (n) = a safety measure /
προφύλαξη, μέτρο προστασίας
RE5.9 vaccination \ÆvœksI"neIS´n\ (n) = the act of getting a
shot to protect yourself against a disease /
εμβολιασμός
RE5.10 unknowingly \øn"n´UINli\ (adv) = without realising
sth / χωρίς να το αντιληφθείς
RE5.11 overly \"´Uv´li\ (adv) = excessively / υπερβολικά
RE5.12 defenceless \dI"fensl´s\ (adj) = unprotected /
απροστάτευτος
RE5.13 receptive \rI"septIv\ (adj) = willing to accept new
ideas / δεκτικός, ανοιχτός σε νέες ιδέες

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Exercise 6 (p. 14) RE9.9 paddleboat \"pœd´lb´Ut\ (n) = a small boat with
RE6.1 pedals / θαλάσσιο ποδήλατο
appointed \´"pOIntId\ (adj) = officially chosen for a
RE9.10 colossal \k´"lÅs´l\ (adj) = extremely large /
job / διορισμένος (σε μια θέση εργασίας)
RE6.2 κολοσσιαίος, τεράστιος
boost \bu…st\ (v) = to make sth increase / τονώνω,
RE9.11 Ferris wheel \"ferIs Æwi…l\ (n) = a huge, vertical,
ενισχύω
RE6.3 revolving wheel in a fairground / ρόδα του λούνα
fog \fÅg\ (n) = a thick cloud in the air close to the
παρκ
land, which is very difficult to see through /
RE9.12 allergen \"œl´dZ´n\ (n) = a substance that causes an
ομίχλη
RE6.4 allergy / αλλεργιογόνο
drift \drIft\ (v) = to move slowly along a surface
RE9.13 ionized air \ÆaI´naIzd "e´\ (n) = air containing
pushed by water or air / παρασύρομαι (απ'το
negative ions which make it clean from particles /
νερό ή τον αέρα)
RE6.5 ιονισμένος αέρας
assortment \´"sO…tm´nt\ (n) = a collection / συλλογή
RE9.14 respiratory \rI"spIr´t´ri\ (adj) = connected with
breathing / αναπνευστικός
Exercise 7 (p. 15)
RE9.15 machinery \m´"Si…n´ri\ (n) = machines as a group /
RE7.1 onset (of sth) \"Ånset\ (n) = the beginning of sth / μηχανήματα, μηχανικός εξοπλισμός
έναρξη, ξεκίνημα RE9.16 on display (phr) = exhibited; shown to people / που
RE7.2 roller-coaster \"r´Ul´ Æk´Ust´\ (n) = a fairground ride / εκτίθεται στο κοινό
τρενάκι του λούνα παρκ RE9.17 fluid patterned (phr) = looking like flowing liquid /
RE7.3 ticket booth \"tIkIt Æbu…D\ (n) = a small office where που μοιάζει με υγρό που ρέει
tickets of admission are sold / εκδοτήριο RE9.18 formation \fO…"meIS´n\ (n) = a structure /
εισιτηρίων σχηματισμός, κατασκευή
RE7.4 eucalyptus tree \Æju…k´"lIpt´s tri…\ (n) = a tall straight RE9.19 sheer \SI´\ (adj) = nothing other than that / αυτό και
tree with leaves that produce an oil used in μόνο
medicine / το δέντρο ευκάλυπτος RE9.20 transpose \trœn"sp´Uz\ (v) = to reverse the order of
RE7.5 predator \"pred´t´\ (n) = an animal that kills and eats two or more things / αντιστρέφω (τη σειρά των
other animals / θηρευτής (ζώο που κυνηγάει και πραγμάτων)
τρώει άλλα ζώα) RE9.21 renovate \"ren´veIt\ (v) = to repair an old building so
RE7.6 dingo \"dINg´U\ (n) = an Australian wild dog / άγριος that it is in good condition again / ανακαινίζω
σκύλος της Αυστραλίας RE9.22 instructive \In"strøktIv\ (adj) = educational and with
RE7.7 owl \aUl\ (n) = a bird with large round eyes that hunts a lot of information / εκπαιδευτικός και
at night / κουκουβάγια πληροφοριακός
RE9.23 informative \In"fO…m´tIv\ (adj) = giving a lot of useful
Exercise 8 (p. 15) information / πληροφοριακός
RE9.24 persuasive \p´"sweIsIv\ (adj) = able to persuade sb
RE8.1 illustrated \"Il´streItId\ (adj) = (of a book) containing
to do sth / πειστικός
pictures / (για βιβλίο) εικονογραφημένο
RE8.2 linguist \"lINgwIst\ (n) = sb who studies languages /
Reading – Text 3 (pp. 18-19)
γλωσσολόγος
RE8.3
Exercise 10 (p. 18)
decipher \dI"saIf´\ (v) = to succeed in finding the
meaning of sth / αποκρυπτογραφώ RE10.1 chronological \ÆkrÅn´"lÅdZIk´l\ (adj) = arranged in
RE8.4 decode \di…"k´Ud\ (v) = to convert sth written in code the order in which things happen / χρονολογικός
into normal language / αποκωδικοποιώ RE10.11 elicit \I"lIsIt\ (v) = to obtain a reaction or information /
εκμαιεύω, προκαλώ
Exercise 9 (p. 16-17)
RE9.1
Exercise 11 (p. 18)
subterranean \Æsøbt´"reIni´n\ (adj) = underground /
υπόγειος RE11.1 open-minded \Æ´Up´n "maIndId\ (adj) = willing to
RE9.2 nestled \"nes´ld\ (adj) = comfortably surrounded by accept different ideas / ανοιχτόμυαλος
sth / χωμένος και προφυλαγμένος RE11.2 forward-thinking \ÆfO…w´d "TINkIN\ (adj) = willing to
RE9.3 mine \maIn\ (n) = a deep hole under the ground consider modern ideas / προοδευτικός
from where minerals are extracted / ορυχείο RE11.3 trait \treIt\ (n) = a characteristic / ένα χαρακτηριστικό
RE9.4 yield \ji…ld\ (v) = to produce / παράγω στοιχείο
RE9.5 immense \I"mens\ (adj) = enormous; huge / RE11.4 overwhelming \Æ´Uv´"welmIN\ (adj) = too much to
απέραντος, πελώριος bear / που σε κυριεύει
RE9.6 cavern \"kœv´n\ (n) = an underground cave / υπόγειο
σπήλαιο Exercise 13 (p. 19)
RE9.7 storage \"stO…rIdZ\ (n) = the space where things can
RE13.1 land (sb sth) \lœnd\ (v) = to help sb succeed in
be kept / αποθήκη
RE9.8 getting / βοηθώ κάποιον ν'αποκτήσει κάτι
awe-inspiring \"O… InÆspaI´rIN\ (adj) = extremely
RE13.2 ever-evolving \"ev´r IÆvÅlvIN\ (adj) = continuously
impressive / εκπληκτικός, καταπληκτικός
developing / συνεχώς εξελισσόμενος
7

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RE13.3 tech \tek\ (n) = technology / τεχνολογία RE16.11 controversy \"kÅntr´v‰…si\ (n) = public disagreement
RE13.4 competence \"kÅmpIt´ns\ (n) = an ability / ικανότητα and disapproval / αντιπαράθεση, αποδοκιμασία
RE13.5 networking \"netw‰…kIN\ (n) = the practice of RE16.12 logging industry \"lÅgIN ÆInd´stri\ (n) = the business
meeting and talking to other people who may be of cutting down trees / υλοτομία
useful to you in your work / κοινωνική δικτύωση
RE13.6 job seeker \"dZÅb Æsi…k´\ (n) = sb looking for Writing (p. 22)
employment / άτομο που ψάχνει εργασία Exercise 1 (p. 22)
RE13.7 internship \"Int‰…nSIp\ (n) = a period of time during
WE1.1 grassy \"grA…si\ (adj) = covered with grass /
which sb gets practical experience in a job /
καλυμμένος με χορτάρι
πρακτική εξάσκηση
RE13.8 WE1.2 trail \treIl\ (n) = a path / μονοπάτι
placement \"pleIsm´nt\ (n) = a job / θέση εργασίας
WE1.3 bench \bentS\ (n) = a long seat, usually made of
wood / παγκάκι
Reading – Text 4 (pp. 20-21)
WE1.4 hacking \"hœkIN\ (n) = secretly logging in and/or
Exercise 14 (p. 20)
changing information on sb else’s computer
RE14.1 undocumented \øn"dÅkj´m´ntId\ (adj) = not system / ηλεκτρονική πειρατεία
recorded / αχαρτογράφητος, μη WE1.5 socialise \"s´US´laIz\ (v) = to meet and spend time
καταγεγραμμένος with people in a friendly way / συναναστρέφομαι
RE14.2 artifact \"A…t´fœkt\ (n) = an object of cultural interest / με κόσμο
τεχνούργημα, καλλιτεχνικό δημιούργημα
RE14.3 curiosity \ÆkjU´ri"Ås´ti\ (n) = a strong desire to know Writing – Task 1 (pp. 23-35)
about sth / περιέργεια Exercise 2 (p. 23)
RE14.4 obsession \´b"seS´n\ (n) = fixation; mania / εμμονή,
W1E2.1 exclusive \Ik"slu…sIv\ (adj) = excluding others /
μανία
RE14.5 αποκλειστικός
fascination \Æfœs´"neIS´n\ (n) = attraction; charm /
W1E2.2 overbooked \Æ´Uv´"bUkt\ (adj) = having too many
γοητεία, έλξη
reservations / με υπεράριθμες κρατήσεις
W1E2.3 set (sth) up \Æset "øp\ (phr v) = to assemble sth /
Exercise 15 (p. 20)
συναρμολογώ, στήνω
RE15.1 snake charmer \"sneIk ÆtSA…m´\ (n) = sb who seems to W1E2.4 resolve \rI"zÅlv\ (v) = to solve a problem / λύνω (ένα
be able to make snakes move by playing music to πρόβλημα)
them / γητευτής φιδιών W1E2.5 dissatisfaction \dIÆsœtIs"fœkS´n\ (n) =
RE15.2 adjacent (to sth) \´"dZeIs´nt\ (adj) = next to sth / disappointment; displeasure / δυσαρέσκεια,
δίπλα (σε κάτι) ενόχληση
W1E2.6 be entitled to sth (phr) = to have the right to sth /
Exercise 16 (p. 21) δικαιούμαι κάτι
RE16.1 W1E2.7 enquire \In"kwaI´\ (v) = to ask sb for some
suspend (sb from sth) \s´"spend\ (v) = to officially
information / ρωτώ να μάθω κάτι
prevent sb from doing sth as a punishment /
W1E2.8 inconvenience \ÆInk´n"vi…ni´ns\ (n) = trouble;
σταματώ (κάποιον από κάτι ως τιμωρία)
RE16.2 nuisance / ταλαιπωρία, μπελάς
pen name \"pen neIm\ (n) = a name used by a writer
W1E2.9 urge (sb to do sth) \‰…dZ\ (v) = to encourage sb to do
instead of their real name / (λογοτεχνικό)
sth / παροτρύνω, προτρέπω (κάποιον να κάνει
ψευδώνυμο
RE16.3 κάτι)
disguise \dIs"gaIz\ (n) = a cover-up / συγκάλυψη,
WE2.10 I trust that (phr) = I hope that / ελπίζω πως
απόκρυψη
RE16.4 WE2.11 consideration \k´nÆsId´"reIS´n\ (n) = attention;
cartoonist \kA…"tu…nIst\ (n) = an artist who draws
careful thought / εξέταση, προσοχή
cartoons / σκιτσογράφος
RE16.5 W1E2.12 gratitude \"grœtItju…d\ (n) = feeling grateful to sb /
Academy Award \´Ækœd´mi ´"wO…d\ (n) = an Oscar
ευγνωμοσύνη
award / βραβείο Όσκαρ
RE16.6 bet \bet\ (n) = a challenge to prove the truth of what
Exercise 3 (p. 25)
you're saying / στοίχημα
RE16.7 publisher \"pøblIS´\ (n) = sb who prepares and prints W1E3.1 exhibit \Ig"zIbIt\ (n) = an object put in a public place
books, magazines, etc / εκδότης so that people can see it / έκθεμα
RE16.8 environmentalism \InÆvaIr´n"ment´lIz´m\ (n) =
concern about the natural environment and how Exercise 4 (p. 25)
to protect it / οικολογίας, προστασία του
W1E4.1 hostel \"hÅst´l\ (n) = a building that provides cheap
περιβάλλοντος
RE16.9 accommodation / ξενώνας, πανδοχείο
anti-consumerism \Æœnti k´n"sju…m´rIz´m\ (n) = the
W1E4.2 confirmation \ÆkÅnf´"meIS´n\ (n) = a mail stating that
belief that it is bad for a society to buy and use a
a booking you've made is definite / επιβεβαίωση
large number of goods and services /
κράτησης (δωματίου, εισιτηρίου κ.λπ.)
αντικαταναλωτισμός
RE16.10 W1E4.3 dormitory \"dO…mIt´ri\ (n) = a room for several people
spark \spA…k\ (v) = to cause sth to start happening /
to sleep in / κοιτώνας
προκαλώ, πυροδοτώ
8

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 PREPARATION TASKS

W1E4.4 misunderstanding \ÆmIsønd´"stœndIN\ (n) = a W1E7.2 usability \Æju…z´"bIl´ti\ (n) = the quality of sth being
situation in which sb has not understood sth easy to use / χρηστικότητα
correctly / παρανόηση, λάθος συνεννόηση W1E7.3 facilitate \f´"sIlIteIt\ (v) = to make sth easier /
W1E4.5 impossibility \ImÆpÅs´"bIl´ti\ (n) = the fact that sth is διευκολύνω κάτι
not possible to happen / αδύνατον (να γίνει) W1E7.4 accessible (to sb) \´k"ses´b´l\ (adj) = easy for sb to
W1E4.6 minimal \"mInIm´l\ (adj) = as little as possible / reach / προσβάσιμος (σε κάποιον)
ελάχιστος W1E7.5 dispose of (sth) \dI"sp´Uz ´v\ (phr v) = to throw sth
W1E4.7 dismissive \dIs"mIsIv\ (adj) = showing that you do away; to get rid of sth / πετώ, ξεφορτώνομαι κάτι
not believe sb / απαξιωτικός, που αρνείται την W1E7.6 recyclable \Æri…"saIkl´b´l\ (n) = an item that can be
αξιοπιστία κάποιου recycled / ανακυκλώσιμο αντικείμενο
W1E4.8 justification \ÆdZøstIfI"keIS´n\ (n) = an explanation for W1E7.7 conducive (to sth) \k´n"dju…sIv\ (adj) = making it easy
sth / αιτιολογία, δικαιολόγηση for sth to happen / ευνοϊκός, που συμβάλλει σε
W1E4.9 manual \"mœnju´l\ (n) = a book that tells you how to κάτι
do or operate sth / εγχειρίδιο χρήσης, βιβλίο W1E7.8 diligence \"dIlIdZ´ns\ (n) = careful and hard work /
οδηγιών επιμέλεια, συνέπεια

Exercise 5 (p. 26) Exercise 8 (p. 29)

W1E5.1 emit \I"mIt\ (v) = to send out light, sound, heat, etc / W1E8.1 compromise (sth) \"kÅmpr´maIz\ (v) = to put sth at
εκπέμπω (φως, ήχο, θερμότητα κ.λπ.) risk / διακινδυνεύω κάτι, το θέτω σε κίνδυνο
W1E8.2 fragile \"frœdZaIl\ (adj) = delicate; easily damaged /
Exercise 6 (p. 26) εύθραυστος, ευαίσθητος
W1E6.1 cabinet \"kœbIn´t\ (n) = a cupboard / ντουλάπι
W1E6.2 Exercise 9 (p. 29)
leak \li…k\ (v) = (of an item) to allow liquid to get out
through a small hole / (για ένα αντικείμενο) έχει W1E9.1 outstrip (sth) \aUt"strIp\ (v) = to exceed sth; to
διαρροή surpass sth / ξεπερνώ κάτι (σε ποσότητα)
W1E6.3 manufacturer \Æmœnj´"fœktS´r´\ (n) = a company W1E9.2 beyond the reach of sb (phr) = beyond sb's power
that makes goods / κατασκευάστρια εταιρεία or ability / πέρα από τις δυνατότητες κάποιου
W1E6.4 unsightly \øn"saItli\ (adj) = ugly / άσχημος W1E9.3 influx (of people) \"Infløks\ (n) = mass arrival of
W1E6.5 porcelain \"pO…s´lIn\ (n) = a hard shiny substance used people / μαζική εισροή ατόμων
for making delicate cups, plates, etc / πορσελάνη W1E9.4 disposable \dI"sp´Uz´b´l\ (adj) = available for
W1E6.6 incompetent \In"kÅmpIt´nt\ (adj) = unskilful; spending / διαθέσιμος (για κατανάλωση)
unqualified / ακατάλληλος, μη καταρτισμένος W1E9.5 venture \"ventS´\ (v) = to dare to go somewhere /
W1E6.7 drip \drIp\ (v) = (of water) to fall in small drops / (για τολμώ (να πάω κάπου)
το νερό) στάζει W1E9.6 off the beaten path (phr) = away from popular
W1E6.8 drain \dreIn\ (n) = a pipe that carries away dirty tourist places / μακριά από τα τουριστικά μέρη
water / αποχέτευση W1E9.7 appreciation \´Æpri…Si"eIS´n\ (n) = recognition;
W1E6.9 defective \dI"fektIv\ (adj) = faulty / ελαττωματικός gratitude / αναγνώριση, εκτίμηση
W1E6.10 dismay \dIs"meI\ (n) = disappointment / απογοήτευση W1E9.8 repercussions \Æri…p´"køS´nz\ (pl n) = consequences /
W1E6.11 amicably \"œmIk´bli\ (adv) = in a friendly way / φιλικά συνέπειες
W1E6.12 discard \dIs"kA…d\ (v) = to get rid of sth / πετώ, W1E9.9 hastily \"heIst´li\ (adv) = hurriedly / βιαστικά
ξεφορτώνομαι κάτι W1E9.10 strain (on sth) \streIn\ (n) = pressure on sth / πίεση,
W1E6.13 accountable (for sth) \´"kaUnt´b´l\ (adj) = καταπόνηση
responsible for sth / υπεύθυνος (για κάτι) W1E9.11 utilities \ju…"tIl´tiz\ (pl n) = services, such as a supply
W1E6.14 mouldy \"m´Uldi\ (adj) = covered with fungus of electricity or water, provided to the public /
because of being in a humid environment for too υπηρεσίες κοινής ωφέλειας
long / μουχλιασμένος W1E9.12 availability \´ÆveIl´"bIl´ti\ (n) = the fact that sth is
W1E6.15 needless to day (phr) = obviously / προφανώς possible to get / διαθεσιμότητα
W1E6.16 seal \si…l\ (n) = a substance used to fill a small W1E9.13 enrich \In"rItS\ (v) = to improve the quality of sth /
opening so that a liquid cannot get out / μόνωση, εμπλουτίζω, βελτιώνω
υλικό για στεγάνωση W1E9.14 viewpoint \"vju…pOInt\ (n) = a perspective; a point of
W1E6.17 reimburse (sth) \Æri…Im"b‰…s\ (v) = to pay sb money for view / οπτική γωνία, άποψη
sth damaged or lost / πληρώνω αποζημίωση (για W1E9.15 on the contrary (phr) = on the other hand /
κάτι) αντιθέτως, απ' την άλλη πλευρά
W1E9.16 depopulate (a place) \Ædi…"pÅpj´leIt\ (v) = to reduce
Exercise 7 (p. 28) the number of people living in a place / μειώνω
W1E7.1 τον πληθυσμό (μιας περιοχής)
infrastructure \"Infr´ÆstrøktS´\ (n) = the basic systems W1E9.17 overcrowding \Æ´Uv´"kraUdIN\ (n) = too many people
and services that a community needs / υποδομή
in one place / συνωστισμός
(το σύνολο των δημόσιων υπηρεσιών και έργων
σε μια περιοχή)
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 PREPARATION TASKS
W1E9.18 commuting \k´"mju…tIN\ (n) = travelling regularly
between your home and your job / μετακίνηση
προς και από την εργασία
Exercise 10 (p. 31)
W1E10.1 urbanite \"‰…b´naIt\ (n) = sb who lives in a city /
αστός, κάτοικος της πόλης
W1E10.2 dweller \"dwel´\ (n) = sb who lives in a place /
κάτοικος
W1E10.3 cosmopolitan \ÆkÅzm´"pÅlIt´n\ (adj) = relating to
people of different cultures living together /
κοσμοπολίτικος
Exercise 11 (p. 32)
W1E11.1 live off (sth) \"lIv Åf\ (phr v) = to survive on sth / ζω
από κάτι
W1E11.2 prosperous \"prÅsp´r´s\ (adj) = rich; wealthy /
εύπορος, ευκατάστατος
W1E11.3 urbanization \Ɖ…b´naIz"eIS´n\ (n) = the process in
which more and more people start to live and
work in towns/cities / αστικοποίηση, αστυφιλία
W1E11.4 migration \maI"greIS´n\ (n) = the movement of
people to a new area in order to find work or
better living conditions / μετανάστευση
W1E11.5 clear-cut \ÆklI´ "køt\ (adj) = definite and easy to
identify / σαφής, ξεκάθαρος
W1E11.6 mitigate \"mItIgeIt\ (v) = to reduce the harm done to
sb/sth / μετριάζω, περιορίζω (τη ζημιά)
Exercise 12 (p. 33)
W1E12.1 handful (of sth) \"hœndfUl\ (n) = a small number of
things / μια χούφτα, πολύ λίγα
W1E12.2 inessential \ÆIn´"senS´l\ (adj) = unnecessary /
επουσιώδης, μη απαραίτητος
W1E12.3 impulsive \Im"pølsIv\ (adj) = acting suddenly before
thinking carefully / αυθόρμητος, παρορμητικός
W1E12.4 germ \dZ‰…m\ (n) = a microbe / μικρόβιο
W1E12.5 be burdened (with sth) \bi "b‰…d´nd\ (v) = to have to
carry sth heavy / είμαι φορτωμένος (με κάτι βαρύ)
Exercise 13 (p. 33)
W1E13.1 transaction \trœn"zœkS´n\ (n) = the act of buying
and selling sth / συναλλαγή
W1E13.2 breakdown \"breIkdaUn\ (n) = failure (of a machine) /
βλάβη (ενός μηχανήματος)
W1E13.3 instability \ÆInst´"bIl´ti\ (n) = the fact that a situation
is precarious / αστάθεια (μιας κατάστασης),
αβεβαιότητα
W1E13.4 inequality \ÆInI"kwÅl´ti\ (n) = injustice; unfairness /
ανισότητα, αδικία
W1E13.5 at the mercy of sth (phr) = not able to stop sth from
harming you / στο έλεος, χωρίς να μπορείς να
απομακρυνθείς από κάτι κακό
W1E13.6 power outage \"paU´r ÆaUtIdZ\ (n) = a power cut /
διακοπή ηλεκτρικού ρεύματος
W1E13.7 grind to a halt (phr) = gradually slow down and then
stop completely / σταματώ προοδευτικά,
παραλύω
W1E13.8 cease \si…s\ (v) = to stop / σταματώ
10
NOCN C2 Glossary.indd 10
W1E13.9 proponent \pr´"p´Un´nt\ (n) = a supporter /
υποστηρικτής
W1E13.10 mugging \"møgIN\ (n) = the crime of attacking sb in
order to steal their money in a public place /
ληστεία σε δημόσιο χώρο
W1E13.11 safeguard \"seIfgA…d\ (n) = a protective measure /
προστατευτικό μέτρο
W1E13.12 argumentative \ÆA…gj´"ment´tIv\ (adj) = involving
logical arguments / επιχειρηματολογικός, που
στηρίζεται σε επιχειρήματα
Exercise 15 (p. 34)
W1E15.1 communal garden \ÆkÅmj´n´l "gA…d´n\ (n) = a garden
for the people who live in a specific area /
δημοτικός κήπος
W1E15.2 allotment \´"lÅtm´nt\ (n) = a small area of land in a
town for people to rent and grow plants in /
νοικιασμένο χωράφι
W1E15.3 pond \pÅnd\ (n) = a small lake / λιμνούλα
W1E15.4 oasis \´U"eIsIs\ (n) = a calm place / όαση, ευχάριστος
χώρος
W1E15.5 cultivate (the land) \"køltIveIt\ (v) = to use land for
growing plants / καλλιεργώ (τη γη)
W1E15.6 loop \lu…p\ (n) = a shape like a curve or circle / κύκλος,
γύρος
WE15.7 haven \"heIv´n\ (n) = a safe place (for wildlife) /
καταφύγιο (για άγρια ζώα και φυτά)
Exercise 16 (p. 35)
W1E16.1 fair \fe´\ (n) = an exhibition / έκθεση (αντικειμένων)
Writing – Task 2 (pp. 36-38)
Exercise 1 (p. 36)
W2E1.1 it's raining cats and dogs (idm) = it is raining
heavily / βρέχει καρεκλοπόδαρα, βρέχει πολύ
δυνατά
W2E1.2 chatty \"tSœti\ (adj) = friendly and informal / απλός
και φιλικός
Exercise 2 (p. 37)
W2E2.1 sign off \ÆsaIn "Åf\ (phr v) = to end a letter / τελειώνω,
ολοκληρώνω (μια επιστολή)
W2E2.2 hectic \"hektIk\ (adj) = extremely busy / πυρετώδης,
με φορτωμένο πρόγραμμα
W2E2.3 sincerely \sIn"sI´li\ (adv) = honestly / ειλικρινά
W2E2.4 be in over one's head (idm) = to be deeply involved
in sth difficult / έχω μπλέξει (σε κάτι δύσκολο)
W2E2.5 enhance \In"hA…ns\ (v) = to improve; to enrich /
βελτιώνω, εμπλουτίζω
W2E2.6 check out \ÆtSek "aUt\ (phr v) = to visit and see a place
for the first time / επισκέπτομαι κάτι για πρώτη
φορά (για να το γνωρίσω)
W2E2.7 have a blast (idm) = to have a great time / περνώ
υπέροχα
Exercise 3 (p. 38)
W2E3.1 take a shortcut (phr) = to take a quicker way to get
to a place / κάνω παράκαμψη, κόβω δρόμο
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 TEST 1

W2E3.2 little did I know (phr) = how could I imagine / πού να SP2.5 my humblest apologies for (phr) = I am terribly sorry
φανταστώ for / ζητώ ταπεινά συγγνώμη για
W2E3.3 faint \feInt\ (adj) = (of a sound) soft; distant / (για SP2.6 oversight \"´Uv´saIt\ (n) = a mistake / παράβλεψη,
ήχο) χαμηλός, σιγανός σφάλμα
W2E3.4 abruptly \´"brøptli\ (adv) = suddenly / απότομα SP2.7 arguably \"A…gju´bli\ (adv) = without doubt /
W2E3.5 peer \pI´\ (v) = to look carefully / κοιτώ προσεκτικά, αναμφίβολα
προσπαθώ να διακρίνω
W2E3.6 youthful \"ju…Tf´l\ (adj) = typical of young people / Speaking – Part 3 (pp. 42-43)
νεανικός
SP3.1 costly \"kÅstli\ (adj) = expensive / ακριβός,
W2E3.7 adorable \´"dO…r´b´l\ (adj) = cute; charming /
πολυέξοδος
αξιολάτρευτος
SP3.2 consciousness \"kÅnS´sn´s\ (n) = awareness /
W2E3.8 frantically \"frœntIkli\ (adv) = madly / ξέφρενα, με
ευαισθητοποίηση, συνειδητοποίηση
μανία
SP3.3 negligent \"neglIdZ´nt\ (adj) = careless / αμελής,
W2E3.9 burst (into a place) \b‰…st\ (v) = to enter a place
απρόσεκτος
suddenly and violently / εισβάλλω, μπαίνω
SP3.4 dispute (sth) \dI"spju…t\ (v) = to question sth /
ξαφνικά και βίαια
αμφισβητώ κάτι
W2E3.10 lid \lId\ (n) = the cover of a container / καπάκι
SP3.5 reconsider (sth) \Æri…k´n"sId´\ (v) = to think about sth
(συσκευασίας)
again / αναθεωρώ κάτι
W2E3.11 ecstatic \Ik"stœtIk\ (adj) = extremely excited /
SP3.6 customise (sth) \"køst´maIz\ (v) = to change sth in
εκστασιασμένος, κατενθουσιασμένος
order to suit the needs of the user / εξατομικεύω,
προσαρμόζω κάτι (στον πελάτη)
Speaking – Part 1 (p. 39)
SP3.7 leverage \"li…v´rIdZ\ (n) = influence / επιρροή
SP1.1 part with (sth) \"pA…t wID\ (phr v) = to live without SP3.8 perk \p‰…k\ (n) = a benefit / προνόμιο, όφελος
sth / αποχωρίζομαι κάτι SP3.9 demolish \dI"mÅlIS\ (v) = to knock down; to destroy
SP1.2 lose yourself in sth (phr) = to become so interested sth / κατεδαφίζω
in sth that it takes all your attention / SP3.10 multi-storey \Æmølti "stO…ri\ (adj) = with several
απορροφώμαι τελείως από κάτι floors / πολυώροφος
SP1.3 endangered \In"deIndZ´d\ (adj) = in danger of
extinction / υπό εξαφάνιση TEST 1
SP1.4 exceptional \Ik"sepS´n´l\ (adj) = outstanding;
extremely good / εξαιρετικός, καταπληκτικός Listening – Part 1 (p. 45)
SP1.5 aspire \´"spaI´\ (v) = to have a strong ambition /
φιλοδοξώ LP1.1 play it by ear (idm) = to decide how to deal with a
SP1.6 reside (in a place) \rI"zaId\ (v) = to live in a place / situation as it develops / βλέποντας και κάνοντας
μένω, κατοικώ (σε μια περιοχή) LP1.2 keep one's eyes peeled (idm) = to look out for sb/
SP1.7 crystal clear \ÆkrIst´l "klI´\ (adj) = (of water) sth / έχω τα μάτια μου ανοιχτά
completely clear and bright / (για νερό) LP1.3 have got an ear for sth (idm) = to have an ability to
κρυστάλλινο, πεντακάθαρο recognise and copy sounds / έχω καλό αυτί
SP1.8 entice (sb) \In"taIs\ (v) = to tempt sb / δελεάζω LP1.4 awkward \"O…kw´d\ (adj) = not convenient / άβολος,
κάποιον δύσκολος
SP1.9 domesticate \d´"mestIkeIt\ (v) = to make a wild LP1.5 give sb a hand (idm) = to help sb / βοηθώ, δίνω ένα
animal able to live with humans / εξημερώνω χεράκι σε κάποιον
(ένα ζώο) LP1.6 a stroke of luck (phr) = a lucky event / τυχερή
SP1.10 instinct \"InstINkt\ (n) = a natural quality that makes συγκυρία, καλή τύχη
animals tend to behave in a particular way / LP1.7 intriguing \In"tri…gIN\ (adj) = extremely interesting;
ένστικτο (ενός ζώου) fascinating / εξαιρετικά ενδιαφέρων,
SP1.11 companion \k´m"pœnj´n\ (n) = an animal that keeps συναρπαστικός
you company / ζώο συντροφιάς
Listening – Part 2 (p. 46)
Speaking – Part 2 (pp. 40-41) LP2.1 conveniently \k´n"vi…ni´ntli\ (adv) = in a place that is
SP2.1 cuisine \kwI"zi…n\ (n) = a style of cooking / τρόπος easy to reach / σε κοντινή απόσταση
μαγειρικής, κουζίνα LP2.2 fill the time (phr) = to pass the time / περνώ το
SP2.2 unforeseen \ÆønfO…si…n\ (adj) = unexpected / χρόνο μου
απρόβλεπτος, απροσδόκητος LP2.3 willing \"wIlIN\ (adj) = prepared; ready to so sth /
SP2.3 frustrating \frø"streItIN\ (adj) = annoying; πρόθυμος
distressing / εκνευριστικός, απογοητευτικός LP2.4 aqua aerobic lesson \Æœkw´ e´"r´UbIk Æles´n\ (n) =
SP2.4 compensation \ÆkÅmp´n"seIS´n\ (n) = money physical exercises in the water that make the
returned to you because of an injury or loss / lungs stronger / μάθημα αεροβικής γυμναστικής
αποζημίωση στο νερό

11

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 TEST 1

LP2.5 membership \"memb´SIp\ (n) = the state of being a RT1.11 moderate \"mÅd´r´t\ (adj) = medium / μέτριος
member / συμμετοχή, ιδιότητα του μέλους RT1.12 preserve \prI"z‰…v\ (v) = to save; to keep sth /
LP2.6 session \"seS´n\ (n) = a period of time spent doing an διατηρώ, φυλάσσω
activity / μάθημα, χρονική περίοδος μιας RT1.13 landing phase (phr) = the part of the mission when
διαδικασίας it returns back to the Earth / η φάση της
LP2.7 personal trainer \Æp‰…s´n´l "treIn´\ (n) = sb who is προσεδάφισης
paid by sb else to help them exercise / RT1.14 spacecraft \"speIskrA…ft\ (n) = a vehicle that travels in
προσωπικός γυμναστής space / διαστημικό σκάφος, διαστημόπλοιο
LP2.8 nutrition \nju…"trIS´n\ (n) = food that is needed for our RT1.15 parachute \"pœr´Su…t\ (n) = a large piece of cloth that
growth and health / διατροφή, θρέψη opens out in the air to help sb/sth land safely /
αλεξίπτωτο
Listening – Part 3 (p. 47) RT1.16 Martian \"mA…S´n\ (adj) = of the planet Mars /
αρειανός, του πλανήτη Άρη
LP3.1 concerned \k´n"s‰…nd\ (adj) = anxious; worried /
RT1.17 settle \"set´l\ (v) = to come down slowly /
ανήσυχος, προβληματισμένος
κατακάθομαι
LP3.2 feel strongly about sth (phr) = to have a definite
RT1.18 equate (to sth) \I"kweIt\ (v) = to be equal to sth /
opinion about sth / έχω ξεκάθαρη άποψη για κάτι
είμαι ίσος με κάτι
LP3.3 feel left out (phr) = to be sad because you are not
RT1.19 eagerly \"i…g´li\ (adv) = impatiently; anxiously /
included in sth / αισθάνομαι αποκλεισμένος από
ανυπόμονα
κάτι
RT1.20 look down on (sb) \ÆlUk "daUn Ån\ (phr v) = to think
LP3.4 frustrated \frø"streItId\ (adj) = disappointed /
that you are better than sb / υποτιμώ κάποιον
απογοητευμένος
RT1.21 endure \In"djU´\ (v) = to resist / αντέχω
LP3.5 cyber-bullying \"saIb´ ÆbUliIN\ (n) = the use of
electronic communication to bully a person /
Reading – Text 2 (pp. 50-51)
διαδικτυακός εκφοβισμός
LP3.6 target (sb) \"tA…gIt\ (v) = to try to have an effect on sb RT2.1 elk \elk\ (n) = a large deer / άλκη (είδος μεγάλου
or a particular group of people / στοχοποιώ ελαφιού)
κάποιον RT2.2 distribute \dI"strIbju…t\ (v) = to spread sth over a large
LP3.7 isolated \"aIs´leItId\ (adj) = lonely / απομονωμένος area / διαμοιράζω, κατανέμω κάτι
LP3.8 harmful \"hA…mf´l\ (adj) = damaging / επιβλαβής RT2.3 range \reIndZ\ (n) = an animal's habitat / βιότοπος, η
LP3.9 stage \steIdZ\ (v) = to organise and present a play / περιοχή ενός είδους ζώου
ανεβάζω παράσταση RT2.4 extend \Ik"stend\ (v) = to spread / εκτείνομαι
LP3.10 dramatic reading (phr) = the reading of a role with RT2.5 upper \"øp´\ (adj) = near the top of sth / ανώτερος,
dramatic use of the voice and often gestures / στο πάνω μέρος
θεατρική ανάγνωση ρόλου RT2.6 margin \"mA…dZIn\ (n) = the edge; the limit of a place /
LP3.11 solo performer (phr) = an actor who performs on όριο, άκρο
stage alone / καλλιτέχνης που παίζει σε μονόλογο RT2.7 sparse \spA…s\ (adj) = (of a population) small and
LP3.12 the head (of sth) \D´ hed\ (n) = the person in charge spread over an area / (για πληθυσμό) αραιός και
of sth / ο επικεφαλής διάσπαρτος
RT2.8 prairie \"pre´ri\ (n) = a flat and wide area of land
Reading – Text 1 (pp. 48-49) covered with grass / λιβάδι
RT2.9 fringe \frIndZ\ (n) = a narrow area along the edge of
RT1.1 mission \"mIS´n\ (n) = an official job to be done by
sth / παρυφή, όριο, άκρο
travelling to another place / αποστολή
RT2.10 boreal forest \ÆbO…ri´l "fÅrIst\ (n) = the Earth's
RT1.2 launch \lO…ntS\ (v) = to send sth into space / εκτοξεύω
northernmost forest / αρκτικό δάσος
(στο διάστημα)
RT2.11 province \"prÅvIns\ (n) = each of the areas that a
RT1.3 interior \In"tI´ri´\ (adj) = internal / εσωτερικός
country is divided into / επαρχία
RT1.4 robotic explorer (phr) = a robot sent to an unknown
RT2.12 range \reIndZ\ (n) = a group of mountains / οροσειρά
place to collect information / εξερευνητικό
RT2.13 the mainland \D´ "meInl´nd\ (n) = the main area of
ρομπότ
land of a country without any islands /
RT1.5 inner \"In´\ (adj) = close to the centre of sth /
ηπειρωτική χώρα
εσωτερικός, ενδότερος
RT2.14 the mouth of a river (phr) = the place where a river
RT1.6 existence \Ig"zIst´ns\ (n) = the state of being
meets the sea / εκβολή ποταμού
present / ύπαρξη
RT2.15 interrupt \ÆInt´"røpt\ (v) = to stop a surface from
RT1.7 rocky \"rÅki\ (adj) = made of rock / βραχώδης
being continuous / διακόπτω (τη συνέχεια μιας
RT1.8 tectonic plate \tel"tÅnIk ÆpleIt\ (n) = each of the large
επιφάνειας κ.λπ.)
sheets of rock that form the Earth’s surface /
RT2.16 grassland \"grA…slœnd\ (n) = a large area of open land
τεκτονική πλάκα
covered with wild grass / βοσκότοπος
RT1.9 core \kO…\ (n) = the central part of an object /
RT2.17 over-hunting \Æ´Uv´ "høntIN\ (n) = hunting animals to a
πυρήνας, κέντρο
harmful degree / υπερβολικό κυνήγι
RT1.10 canyon \"kœnj´n\ (n) = a deep valley with steep sides
of rock / φαράγγι
12

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 TEST 1

RT2.18 eliminate \i"lImIneIt\ (v) = to cause a species to RT3.8 performer \p´"fO…m´\ (n) = an artist who performs for
disappear / προκαλώ την εξαφάνιση (ενός είδους an audience / καλλιτέχνης
ζώου) RT3.9 draw (sb from sth) \drO…\ (phr v) = to obtain sb from
RT2.19 roam \r´Um\ (v) = to wander; around an area / a particular source / αποκτώ (κάποιον από κάτι)
περιφέρομαι, τριγυρίζω RT3.10 the armed forces \Di A…md "fO…sIz\ (pl n) = a country’s
RT2.20 foothills \"fUthIlz\ (pl n) = hills at the base of a army, navy and air force / οι ένοπλες δυνάμεις
mountain / πρόποδες RT3.11 charitable cause (phr) = a charity organisation /
RT2.21 scattered \"skœt´d\ (adj) = spread all over a place / φιλανθρωπικός σκοπός, φιλανθρωπική
διάσπαρτος, διασκορπισμένος οργάνωση
RT2.22 parkland \"pA…klœnd\ (n) = an area of open land with RT3.12 revenue \"rev´nju…\ (n) = money earned from sb's
grass and trees / έκταση πρασίνου business / έσοδο
RT2.23 notable \"n´Ut´b´l\ (adj) = deserving to be noticed /
αξιοσημείωτος, αξιόλογος Reading – Text 4 (p. 53)
RT2.24 contribution \ÆkÅntrI"bju…S´n\ (n) = help offered along RT4.1 thrive on (sth) \"TraIv Ån\ (phr v) = to be very
with others / συμβολή, συμμετοχή
RT2.25 successful in a certain situation / τα πάω πολύ
survival \s´"vaIv´l\ (n) = the state of continuing to
καλά σε κάτι
live or exist / επιβίωση RT4.2
RT2.26 cram \krœm\ (v) = to learn a lot of things in a short
initially \I"nIS´li\ (adv) = at the beginning / αρχικά
RT2.27 time / μελετώ εξαντλητικά για μικρό διάστημα
establish \I"stœblIS\ (v) = to start or create an RT4.3 widely \"waIdli\ (adv) = to a great extent / σε μεγάλο
organisation / ιδρύω
RT2.28 βαθμό, ευρέως
reserve \rI"z‰…v\ (n) = a protected area for wildlife / RT4.4 sit an exam (phr) = to take an examination / δίνω
προστατευόμενος βιότοπος, καταφύγιο
RT2.29 (μια εξέταση)
herd \h‰…d\ (n) = a group of animals of the same type RT4.5 counterproductive \ÆkaUnt´pr´"døktIv\ (adj) = having
that live and feed together / κοπάδι
RT2.30 the opposite effect to the intended one /
refuge \"refju…dZ\ (n) = a place that provides
αντιπαραγωγικός
protection / καταφύγιο RT4.6
RT2.31 likewise \"laIkwaIz\ (adv) = similarly / με τον ίδιο
conservation area (phr) = an area where the natural
τρόπο, παρομοίως
environment is protected by law from being RT4.7 retention of knowledge (phr) = the ability to
damaged or changed / προστατευόμενη φυσική
remember things / απομνημόνευση, συγκράτηση
περιοχή
RT2.32 (γνώσεων)
bison \"baIs´n\ (n) = a large wild animal of the cow RT4.8 settle down \Æset´l "daUn\ (phr v) = to become
family that is covered with hair / βίσωνας, είδος
calmer; to become comfortable / ηρεμώ,
βουβαλιού
RT2.33 βολεύομαι
deer \dI´\ (n) = an animal with long legs that eats RT4.9 come evening (phr) = when evening comes / μόλις
grass and can run fast / ελάφι
RT2.34 έρθει το βράδυ
moose \mu…s\ (n) = a large deer / αμερικανικό ελάφι RT4.10
RT2.35 apparently \´"pœr´ntli\ (adv) = obviously /
present-day \Æprez´nt "deI\ (adj) = current; that exists
προφανώς
now / σημερινός RT4.11
RT2.36 appropriately \´"pr´Upri´tli\ (adv) = suitably /
extinction \Ik"stINkS´n\ (n) = the fact that an animal
κατάλληλα
species stops existing / εξάλειψη, αφανισμός RT4.12 vigorously \"vIg´r´sli\ (adv) = very actively;
(ενός είδους ζώου)
RT2.37 energetically / δυναμικά, με πολλή ενέργεια
countless \"kaUntl´s\ (adj) = too many to be counted; RT4.13 omit (sth) \´U"mIt\ (v) = to leave sth out / παραλείπω
endless / αναρίθμητος, ατελείωτος
RT2.38 κάτι
restricted \rI"strIktId\ (adj) = limited / περιορισμένος
RT2.39 varied \"ve´rid\ (adj) = different; various / ποικίλος
Writing (p. 54)
Reading – Text 3 (p. 52) W.1 nursing home \"n‰…sIN Æh´Um\ (n) = a place where old
RT3.1 people are cared for / γηροκομείο
military \"mIlIt´ri\ (adj) = relating to soldiers / W.2 elderly \"eld´li\ (adj) = old / ηλικιωμένος
στρατιωτικός W.3
RT3.2 workshift \"w‰…kSIft\ (n) = a period of time that a group
tattoo \t´"tu…\ (n) = a design that is marked
of workers work for / βάρδια (εργασίας)
permanently on a sb’s skin / τατουάζ W.4
RT3.3 security check \sI"kjU´r´ti ÆtSek\ (n) = the verification
bugle \"bju…g´l\ (n) = a musical instrument like a small
of an employee's identity / έλεγχος της
trumpet / σάλπιγγα
RT3.4 ταυτότητας υπαλλήλου (για ασφάλεια)
grant (sth) \grA…nt\ (v) = to give sth officially / δίνω
επίσημα κάτι
RT3.5 in recognition of sth (phr) = as a reward for sth / ως
Speaking – Part 2 (p. 55)
αναγνώριση SP2.1 accidentally \ÆœksI"dent´li\ (adv) = by mistake / κατά
RT3.6 spectatorship \spek"teIt´SIp\ (n) = the number of λάθος
people watching a show / ο αριθμός των θεατών SP2.2 put on \ÆpUt "Ån\ (phr v) = to produce and present a
RT3.7 nowadays \"naU´deIz\ (adv) = at the present time / theatrical play / ανεβάζω (θεατρική παράσταση)
στις μέρες μας
13

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 TEST 2

SP2.3 audition \O…"dIS´n\ (v) = (of an artist) to give a short LP3.2 implement \"ImplIment\ (v) = to put a measure, a law,
performance in order to get a role in a play, etc / etc into effect / εφαρμόζω (ένα μέτρο, ένα νόμο
περνώ από ακρόαση κ.λπ.)
SP2.4 strap \strœp\ (n) = a narrow piece of leather, cloth or LP3.3 hassle \"hœs´l\ (n) = a situation that involves a lot of
other material / λουρί trouble / φασαρία, ταλαιπωρία
SP2.5 in stock (phr) = (of goods) available for sale / (για LP3.4 fairness \"fe´rn´s\ (n) = the quality of sth being
προϊόντα) σε απόθεμα, διαθέσιμα reasonable and acceptable / δικαιοσύνη
SP2.6 fitness suite \"fItn´s swi…t\ (n) = a room with exercise LP3.5 prohibit (sth) \pr´"hIbIt\ (v) = to forbid sth /
equipment / αίθουσα με όργανα γυμναστικής απαγορεύω κάτι
LP3.6 reflect \rI"flekt\ (v) = to reveal sth / φανερώνω,
Speaking – Part 3 (p. 56) δείχνω
LP3.7 harm \hA…m\ (n) = damage / ζημιά, βλάβη
SP3.1 overgrown \Æ´Uv´"gr´Un\ (adj) = (of a garden)
LP3.8 develop (photographs) \dI"vel´p\ (v) = to treat a
neglected and covered with plants growing
photographic film so that the pictures can be
uncontrollably / (για κήπο) εγκαταλελειμμένος
seen / εμφανίζω (φωτογραφίες)
SP3.2 council \"kaUns´l\ (n) = a group of people who are
LP3.9 significantly \sIg"nIfIk´ntli\ (adv) = very much /
elected to govern an area / δημοτικό συμβούλιο
σημαντικά
SP3.3 chronic \"krÅnIk\ (adj) = (of a disease) difficult to
LP3.10 set out \Æset "aUt\ (phr v) = to begin to do sth / ξεκινώ
cure / (για ασθένεια) χρόνια
(να κάνω κάτι)
SP3.4 chiropractic \ÆkaIr´U"prœktIk\ (n) = the treatment of
LP3.11 shoot \Su…t\ (v) = to take a photo / τραβώ (μια
some medical problems by pressing and moving
φωτογραφία)
the bones in a person’s body / χειροπρακτική
LP3.12 composition \ÆkÅmp´"zIS´n\ (n) = the different parts
SP3.5 cure (sth) \kjU´\ (v) = to make sb healthy again after
that sth is made of / σύνθεση
an illness / θεραπεύω κάτι
LP3.13 stand out \Æstœnd "aUt\ (phr v) = to be easily seen /
ξεχωρίζω, διακρίνομαι
TEST 2 LP3.14 emphasise (sth) \"emf´saIz\ (v) = to make sth easier
to notice / τονίζω, δίνω έμφαση σε (κάτι)
Listening – Part 1 (p. 57)
LP1.1 surgery \"s‰…dZ´ri\ (n) = an office where a doctor sees Reading – Text 1 (pp. 60-61)
his/her patients / ιδιωτικό ιατρείο RT1.1 rainforest \"reInfÅrIst\ (n) = a tropical forest / τροπικό
LP1.2 short-sighted \ÆSO…t "saItId\ (adj) = not thinking δάσος
carefully about the possible effects of sth / RT1.2 in captivity (phr) = kept in a closed space / σε
κοντόφθαλμος, που δεν μπορεί να αντιληφθεί και κλειστό χώρο
να αξιολογήσει τις καταστάσεις RT1.3 conceive \k´n"si…v\ (v) = to form an idea in your
LP1.3 fortunate \"fO…tS´n´t\ (adj) = lucky / τυχερός mind / επινοώ, συλλαμβάνω (μια ιδέα)
LP1.4 timing \"taImIN\ (n) = suitable time when sth RT1.4 china clay pit (phr) = a place from where fine white
happens / κατάλληλος χρόνος clay is extracted / ορυχείο του καολίνη (λευκός
LP1.5 delighted \dI"laItId\ (adj) = extremely pleased / πηλός Κίνας)
γοητευμένος RT1.5 torrential \t´"renS´l\ (adj) = (of rain) falling in large
LP1.6 shake (sth) up \ÆSeIk "øp\ (phr v) = to rearrange sth in amounts / (για βροχή) καταρρακτώδης
order to improve it / αναδιοργανώνω RT1.6 dominate (a place) \"dÅmIneIt\ (v) = sth is the largest
LP1.7 shake (sth) off \ÆSeIk "Åf\ (phr v) = to get rid of sth / or most obvious thing in a place / κάτι δεσπόζει
ξεφορτώνομαι κάτι (σ' ένα μέρος)
RT1.7 dome \d´Um\ (n) = a round roof with a circular base /
Listening – Part 2 (p. 58) θόλος, ημισφαίριο
LP2.1 objective \´b"dZektIv\ (n) = a target; an aim / σκοπός, RT1.8 vegetation \ÆvedZI"teIS´n\ (n) = the plants of a
στόχος particular area / βλάστηση (μιας περιοχής)
LP2.2 ensure \In"SU´\ (v) = to make sure / εξασφαλίζω, RT1.9 Mediterranean \ÆmedIt´"reIni´n\ (adj) = typical of the
βεβαιώνομαι area around the Mediterranean Sea / μεσογειακός
LP2.3 adjust \´"dZøst\ (v) = to adapt; to get used to a new RT1.10 frost-free \ÆfrÅst "fri…\ (adj) = without ice forming due
situation / προσαρμόζομαι to low temperatures / χωρίς παγετό
LP2.4 CV \Æsi… "vi…\ (n) = a written record of your education RT1.11 locality \l´U"kœl´ti\ (n) = an area / περιοχή
and the jobs you have done / βιογραφικό RT1.12 crop \krÅp\ (n) = a plant that is grown to be used as
σημείωμα food / καλλιέργεια (σιταριού, ρυζιού, φρούτων κ.
λπ.)
RT1.13 canopy walkway (phr) = a path in a forest above the
Listening – Part 3 (p. 59)
trees for people to walk along and admire the
LP3.1 congestion charge \k´n"dZestS´n ÆtSA…dZ\ (n) = view / τεχνητός διάδρομος πάνω από τα δέντρα
money you have to pay for driving your car in the RT1.14 spectacular \spek"tœkj´l´\ (adj) = amazing;
centre of a city, as a way of reducing heavy traffic / impressive / θεαματικός, εντυπωσιακός
τέλος κυκλοφορίας στο κέντρο μιας πόλης
14

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 TEST 2

RT1.15 community outreach (phr) = services, advice and RT2.18 wild boar \waIld "bO…\ (n) = a wild pig /
help to people in a community who need them / αγριογούρουνο
πρόγραμμα κοινωνικής προσφοράς RT2.19 nocturnal \nÅk"t‰…nl\ (adj) = happening during the
RT1.16 disadvantaged \ÆdIs´d"vA…ntIdZd\ (adj) = lacking the night / βραδινός, νυχτερινός
basic things in life / μη προνομιούχος, που RT2.20 coat \k´Ut\ (n) = the fur that covers an animal’s body /
στερείται τα βασικά αγαθά τρίχωμα ζώου
RT1.17 gathering \"gœD´rIN\ (n) = a meeting of people / RT2.21 camouflage \"kœm´flA…Z\ (n) = the fact that an
συγκέντρωση animal’s appearance matches its surroundings to
RT1.18 conserve \k´n"s‰…v\ (v) = to protect; to prevent sth make it difficult to see / παραλλαγή, καμουφλάζ
from being destroyed / προστατεύω, διατηρώ (ζώου)
ασφαλές RT2.22 blend (into sth) \blend\ (v) = to match everything
RT1.19 characterise (sth) \"kœr´kt´raIz\ (v) = to be typical of that is around you so you are not noticeable /
sth / χαρακτηρίζω κάτι, αποτελώ χαρακτηριστικό γίνομαι ένα με το περιβάλλον μου και δε
γνώρισμά του διακρίνομαι
RT1.20 massive \"mœsIv\ (adj) = huge; extremely large / RT2.23 stalk \stO…k\ (v) = to move slowly and quietly towards
τεράστιος, ογκώδης sth in order to catch it / παραμονεύω
RT1.21 artificial \ÆA…tI"fIS´l\ (adj) = man-made; made to look RT2.24 pounce \paUns\ (v) = to jump upon sth / ορμάω
natural / τεχνητός αιφνιδιαστικά
RT1.22 locally \"l´Uk´li\ (adv) = in the particular place you RT2.25 drag \drœg\ (v) = to pull sth along with effort / σέρνω
are talking about / τοπικά, στη συγκεκριμένη RT2.26 secluded \sI"klu…dId\ (adj) = quiet and private /
περιοχή ερημικός, απομονωμένος
RT1.23 beneath \bI"ni…T\ (prep) = below; under / κάτω από RT2.27 in one sitting (phr) = without stopping / με τη μία,
RT1.24 hold up \Æh´Uld "øp\ (phr v) = to delay; to block the μονομιάς
movement of sth / καθυστερώ, εμποδίζω RT2.28 fierce \fI´s\ (adj) = angry and aggressive / άγριος,
επιθετικός
Reading – Text 2 (pp. 62-63) RT2.29 encounter \In"kaUnt´\ (n) = meeting sb/sth /
RT2.1 primarily \"praIm´r´li\ (adv) = mainly / κυρίως συνάντηση
RT2.2 inhabit (a place) \In"hœbIt\ (v) = to live in a place /
RT2.30 seek out \Æsi…k "aUt\ (phr v) = to look for sth / ψάχνω,
κατοικώ (σε μια περιοχή) αναζητώ
RT2.3 heavily-forested \Æhev´li "fÅrIstId\ (adj) = with many
RT2.31 dense \dens\ (adj) = thick / πυκνός
large forests / με πολλά μεγάλα δάση
RT2.32 woodland \"wUdl´nd\ (n) = an area of land that is
RT2.4 harsh \hA…S\ (adj) = (of a climate) severe; unpleasant covered with trees / δασώδης περιοχή
to live in / (για κλίμα) σκληρό, βαρύ
RT2.33 recover \rI"køv´\ (v) = to return to a normal state /
RT2.5 freely \"fri…li\ (adv) = without anything stopping you / ανακάμπτω, επανέρχομαι
ελεύθερα
RT2.34 rapidly \"rœpIdli\ (adj) = quickly / γρήγορα
RT2.6 disruption \dIs"røpS´n\ (n) = disturbance / ενόχληση,
RT2.35 provoke \pr´"v´Uk\ (v) = to cause a particular
αναστάτωση reaction / προκαλώ
RT2.7 shocking \"SÅkIN\ (adj) = awful; horrible /
σοκαριστικός, αποτροπιαστικός Reading – Text 3 (p. 64)
RT2.8 calculation \Ækœlkj´"leIS´n\ (n) = the act of using RT3.1 showcase \"S´UkeIs\ (v) = to present the good
numbers to find out an amount / υπολογισμός features of sth to the public / αναδεικνύω,
RT2.9 in the wild (phr) = in places not inhabited by προβάλλω (τα καλά στοιχεία)
people / στην άγρια φύση RT3.2 contemporary \k´n"temp´r´ri\ (adj) = modern /
RT2.10 threat \Tret\ (n) = the possibility of danger / απειλή σύγχρονος
RT2.11 species \"spi…Si…z\ (n) = a group of animals or plants in RT3.3 recital \rI"saIt´l\ (n) = a public performance of music /
which the members have similar characteristics / ρεσιτάλ
είδος (ζώου/φυτού) RT3.4 originate \´"rIdZ´neIt\ (v) = to start at a particular
RT2.12 deforestation \di…ÆfÅrI"steIS´n\ (n) = the act of cutting place or time / προέρχομαι
down or burning the trees in an area / RT3.5 price \praIs\ (v) = to fix the price of sth / κοστολογώ,
αποψίλωση δασών καθορίζω την τιμή
RT2.13 trophy \"tr´Ufi\ (n) = an object given as a prize for RT3.6 headline (sth) \"hedlaIn\ (v) = to be the main
winning a competition / τρόπαιο performer in a concert or show / είμαι το πρώτο
RT2.14 strict \strIkt\ (adj) = (of a law) that must be obeyed όνομα (σε μια συναυλία/παράσταση)
exactly / (για νόμο) αυστηρός RT3.7 attendee \´Æten"di…\ (n) = a participant /
RT2.15 anti-poaching \ÆœntI "p´UtSIN\ (adj) = against hunting παρευρισκόμενος, συμμετέχων
animals / εναντίον της λαθροθηρίας RT3.8 so-called \Æs´U "kO…ld\ (adj) = called by a probably
RT2.16 solitary \"sÅlIt´ri\ (adj) = enjoying being alone / inappropriate name / επονομαζόμενος,
μοναχικός υποτιθέμενος
RT2.17 scent-mark \"sent mA…k\ (v) = (of an animal) to use its RT3.9 exception \Ik"sepS´n\ (n) = sth that does not follow a
scent to indicate its area / (για ζώο) μαρκάρει την rule / εξαίρεση
περιοχή του
15

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RT3.10 run (sth) \røn\ (v) = to manage; to be in charge of W.8 violation \ÆvaI´"leIS´n\ (n) = the act of going against
sth / διοικώ, διαχειρίζομαι κάτι a law / παράβαση
RT3.11 initial \I"nIS´l\ (adj) = first / αρχικός W.9 privacy \"prIv´si\ (n) = the state of being alone and
RT3.12 demonstrate \"dem´nstreIt\ (v) = to show / δείχνω not watched or interrupted by other people /
RT3.13 notorious \n´U"tO…ri´s\ (adj) = well-known for being ιδιωτικότητα, η ησυχία μου
bad / διαβόητος, κακόφημος
RT3.14 renew \rI"nju…\ (v) = to change sth damaged and Speaking – Part 2 (p. 67)
replace it with sth new of the same kind /
SP2.1 tuition fees \tju"IS´n Æfi…z\ (pl n) = an amount of
ανανεώνω
money that you pay for a course / δίδακτρα
SP2.2 certification \s´ÆtIfI"keIS´n\ (n) = a certificate that
Reading – Text 4 (p. 65)
proves your studies / πιστοποιητικό σπουδών
RT4.1 essentials \I"senS´lz\ (pl n) = basic things needed in a SP2.3 misplace \ÆmIs"pleIs\ (v) = to put sth somewhere and
particular situation / τα βασικά, τα απαραίτητα then be unable to find it / δεν θυμάμαι πού έχω
RT4.2 take sth for granted (phr) = to assume that sth will βάλει κάτι
always be the way it is / θεωρώ κάτι δεδομένο SP2.4 packaging \"pœkIdZIN\ (n) = materials used to wrap
RT4.3 more often than not (phr) = usually / τις and protect goods / συσκευασία προϊόντος
περισσότερες φορές SP2.5 regret \rI"gret\ (n) = a sad feeling because of sth bad
RT4.4 do laundry (phr) = to wash the clothes / πλένω τα that has happened / λύπη, συγγνώμη
ρούχα SP2.6 personnel manager \Æp‰…s´"nel ÆmœnIdZ´\ (n) = sb
RT4.5 contemporary \k´n"temp´r´ri\ (n) = sb living at the who is in charge of the people working for an
same time as sb else / σύγχρονος, άτομο που ζει organisation / διευθυντής προσωπικού
την ίδια εποχή με κάποιο άλλο SP2.7 reschedule \Æri…"Sedju…l\ (v) = to set a new time for an
RT4.6 rely on (sth) \rI"laI Ån\ (phr v) = to depend on sth / event / επαναπρογραμματίζω
βασίζομαι σε κάτι
RT4.7 takeaway \"teIk´weI\ (n) = food that you buy at a Speaking – Part 3 (p. 68)
restaurant and eat at home / φαγητό σε πακέτο
SP3.1 crossing patrol \"krÅsIN p´Ætr´Ul\ (n) = the practice of
(για το σπίτι)
checking the traffic so that schoolchildren can
RT4.8 finance \"faInœns\ (n) = sb's money and its
cross a road safely / περιφρούρηση των διαβάσεων
management / τα οικονομικά (ενός ατόμου)
για τους μαθητές
RT4.9 budget \"bødZIt\ (n) = the money that is available to
SP3.2 on a rota basis (phr) = doing sth in turns / εκ
sb / το διαθέσιμο ποσό χρημάτων κάποιου
περιτροπής, με βάρδιες
RT4.10 handy \"hœndi\ (adj) = useful / βολικός, χρήσιμος
SP3.3 relocate (the family) \Æri…l´U"keIt\ (v) = to take your
RT4.11 responsibly \rI"spÅns´bli\ (adv) = sensibly /
family to a different place / μετακομίζω (με την
υπεύθυνα, με λογική
οικογένειά μου)
RT4.12 vital \"vaIt´l\ (adj) = extremely important / ζωτικής
SP3.4 besides \bI"saIdz\ (adv) = apart from that / εκτός
σημασίας
αυτού, επιπλέον
RT4.13 guidelines \"gaIdlaInz\ (pl n) = a set of rules or
SP3.5 fearful \"fI´f´l\ (adj) = afraid / φοβισμένος,
instructions / οδηγίες
τρομαγμένος
RT4.14 transition \trœn"zIS´n\ (n) = the process of changing
from one state to another / μετάβαση
RT4.15 accumulate \´"kju…mj´leIt\ (v) = to gradually get TEST 3
more and more of sth / συσσωρεύω
RT4.16 pay off \ÆpeI "Åf\ (phr v) = to finish paying money Listening – Part 1 (p. 69)
owed / αποπληρώνω, εξοφλώ LP1.1 keep at (sth) \"ki…p ´t\ (phr v) = to not give up doing
RT4.17 enquire (about sth) \In"kwaI´\ (v) = to ask about sth difficult / δεν τα παρατώ
sth / ρωτώ να μάθω για κάτι LP1.2 keep (sth) up \Æki…p "øp\ (phr v) = to continue sth at
the same high level / διατηρώ το καλό επίπεδο
Writing (p. 66) (σε κάτι)
W.1 ID card \ÆaI "di… kA…d\ (n) = an official document LP1.3 keep up with (sth) \ki…p øp wID\ (phr v) = to manage
showing who you are / δελτίο ταυτότητας to follow (a storyline) / καταφέρνω να
W.2 outcome \"aUtkøm\ (n) = a result / αποτέλεσμα παρακολουθήσω (μια ιστορία)
W.3 unmanned \Æøn"mœnd\ (adj) = not controlled by a LP1.4 not have the faintest idea (phr) = to know
person / μη επανδρωμένος absolutely nothing / δεν έχω την παραμικρή ιδέα
W.4 aerial \"e´ri´l\ (adj) = moving in the air / εναέριος
W.5 otherwise known as (phr) = also called / που είναι Listening – Part 2 (p. 70)
γνωστός και ως LP2.1 exhibition \ÆeksI"bIS´n\ (n) = a collection of things
W.6 affordable \´"fO…d´b´l\ (adj) = cheap for people to that are shown to the public / έκθεση
buy / οικονομικά προσιτός (αντικειμένων)
W.7 widespread \"waIdspred\ (adj) = existing in many
places / διαδεδομένος
16

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LP2.2 resident artist \"rezId´nt ÆA…tIst\ (n) = an artist who RT1.10 World Heritage Site \Æw‰…ld "her´tIdZ ÆsaIt\ (n) = a
has been hired by, and is working for, an structure and area recognised as being of
institution / καλλιτέχνης που είναι υπάλληλος outstanding international importance and
ενός μουσείου κ.λπ. protected by UNESCO / μνημείο παγκόσμιας
LP2.3 in advance (phr) = before sth else happens / από κληρονομιάς
πριν, εκ των προτέρων RT1.11 prescribe \prI"skraIb\ (v) = to recognise the value of
LP2.4 upfront \Æøp"frønt\ (adv) = (paying money) before any sth / αναγνωρίζω την αξία
work starts / (πληρωμή χρημάτων) εξαρχής, RT1.12 neighbouring \"neIb´rIN\ (adj) = located nearby /
προκαταβολικά γειτονικός
LP2.5 unwell \øn"wel\ (adj) = ill / αδιάθετος RT1.13 pedestrianise \p´"destri´naIz\ (v) = to make a street
LP2.6 help out \Æhelp "aUt\ (phr v) = to help sb in a difficult into an area only for people / πεζοδρομώ
situation / βοηθώ RT1.14 time to spare (phr) = more time than you need / μου
LP2.7 aquarium \´"kwe´ri´m\ (n) = a large glass container περισσεύει χρόνος
in which fish are kept / ενυδρείο RT1.15 failing that (phr) = if you cannot do that / αν αυτό δε
LP2.8 under no circumstances (phr) = absolutely never / γίνεται
σε καμιά περίπτωση RT1.16 comfort \"kømf´t\ (n) = ease; convenience / άνεση
LP2.9 mat \mœt\ (n) = a small piece of thick carpet / χαλάκι, RT1.17 bank \bœNk\ (n) = each of the two sides of a river /
πατάκι πόρτας όχθη
RT1.18 permit \p´"mIt\ (v) = to allow sb somewhere /
Listening – Part 3 (p. 71) επιτρέπω
RT1.19 whilst \waIlst\ (conj) = whereas / ενώ
LP3.1 entail \In"teIl\ (v) = to involve / συνεπάγομαι
LP3.2 profitable \"prÅfIt´b´l\ (adj) = that brings in money /
Reading – Text 2 (pp. 74-75)
κερδοφόρος, επικερδής
LP3.3 give up \ÆgIv "øp\ (phr v) = to stop trying to do sth / RT2.1 cactus \"kœkt´s\ (n) = a plant with sharp points that
εγκαταλείπω (μια προσπάθεια) grows in hot dry regions / κάκτος
LP3.4 assistance \´"sIst´ns\ (n) = help; support / βοήθεια, RT2.2 conservation \ÆkÅns´"veIS´n\ (n) = the act of
στήριξη preventing sth from being wasted / διατήρηση
LP3.5 appreciation \´Æpri…SieIS´n\ (n) = recognising the RT2.3 drought \draUt\ (n) = a long period of time when
good qualities of sb/sth / αναγνώριση της αξίας there is little or no rain / ανομβρία, ξηρασία
LP3.6 provision \pr´"vIZ´\ (n) = the act of supplying sb with RT2.4 vast \vA…st\ (adj) = very large / τεράστιος, άπειρος
sth / παροχή, προμήθεια (αγαθών) RT2.5 diversity \daI"v‰…s´ti\ (n) = variety / ποικιλία
LP3.7 altogether \ÆO…lt´"geD´\ (adv) = completely / RT2.6 window sill \"wInd´U sIl\ (n) = a narrow shelf below a
ολοκληρωτικά, εντελώς window / περβάζι παράθυρου
LP3.8 canteen \kœn"ti…n\ (n) = a place where food and drink RT2.7 shade \SeId\ (n) = an area protected from sunlight /
are served in a school / το κυλικείο του σχολείου σκιά, σκιερός χώρος
LP3.9 principal \"prIns´p´l\ (n) = a school director / RT2.8 excess \Ik"ses\ (adj) = more than necessary /
διευθυντής σχολείου επιπλέον, που περισσεύει
RT2.9 drain away \ÆdreIn ´"weI\ (phr v) = (of water) to
Reading – Text 1 (pp. 72-73) gradually reduce / (για νερό) μειώνεται σταδιακά
RT2.10 humidity \hju…"mId´ti\ (n) = the amount of water in
RT1.1 skyline \"skaIlaIn\ (n) = the silhouette of the city
the air / υγρασία
buildings against the sky / ο ορίζοντας της πόλης,
RT2.11 brightness \"braItn´s\ (n) = a lot of light shining /
το περίγραμμα των κτιρίων της
φωτεινότητα
RT1.2 parliament \"pA…l´m´nt\ (n) = the group of elected
RT2.12 scab \skœb\ (n) = a plant disease which causes rough
people who make the laws of a country / βουλή,
areas on the skin / η ψώρα φυτών
κοινοβούλιο
RT2.13 arise \´"raIz\ (v) = (of a problem, disease, etc) to
RT1.3 construct \k´n"strøkt\ (v) = to build / κατασκευάζω,
appear / (για πρόβλημα, ασθένεια κ.λπ.)
χτίζω
εμφανίζεται
RT1.4 honour \"Ån´\ (v) = to show respect for sb/sth / τιμώ
RT2.14 patch \pœtS\ (n) = a small area of sth / τμήμα
κάποιον/κάτι
επιφάνειας
RT1.5 neo-Gothic \Æni…´U "gÅTIk\ (adj) = (of a style of
RT2.15 shrink \SrINk\ (v) = to become smaller in size /
architecture) that originated in the 19th century /
συρρικνώνομαι
(για αρχιτεκτονικό ρυθμό) νεογοτθικός
RT2.16 monitor \"mÅnIt´\ (v) = to watch and check sth over a
RT1.6 symmetrical \sI"metrIk´l\ (adj) = having two parts
period of time / παρακολουθώ, επιβλέπω
that are the same in size and shape / συμμετρικός
RT2.17 mishandling \ÆmIs"hœndlIN\ (n) = careless treatment
RT1.7 width \wIdT\ (n) = how wide sth is / πλάτος
of sth / κακομεταχείριση
RT1.8 basilica \b´"sIlIk´\ (n) = a large church with a curved
RT2.18 miscalculation \mIsÆkœlkj´"leIS´n\ (n) = a wrong
end and without a dome / βασιλική
estimate of an amount / λανθασμένος
(αρχιτεκτονικό είδος ναού)
υπολογισμός
RT1.9 millennium \mI"leni´m\ (n) = one thousand years /
RT2.19 urgent \"‰…dZ´nt\ (adj) = pressing; that needs
χιλιετία
immediate attention / επείγων, επιτακτικός
17

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Reading – Text 3 (p. 76) RT4.11 cleanliness \"klenlin´s\ (n) = the state of a place
being clean / καθαριότητα
RT3.1 comic \"kÅmIk\ (adj) = humorous; making you laugh /
RT4.12 integrity \In"tegr´ti\ (n) = the state of sth being
κωμικός, αστείος
whole and not broken / ακεραιότητα, αρτιότητα
RT3.2 relief \rI"li…f\ (n) = removing or reducing pain, worry,
RT4.13 barrier \"bœri´\ (n) = an object that prevents animals
etc / ανακούφιση
from moving from one place to another /
RT3.3 heal \hi…l\ (v) = to make sth healthy again / γιατρεύω
προστατευτικό κιγκλίδωμα, εμπόδιο
RT3.4 found \faUnd\ (v) = to establish; to start an
RT4.14 secure \sI"kjU´\ (adj) = safe / ασφαλής
organisation / ιδρύω, θεμελιώνω
RT4.15 ambassador \œm"bœs´d´\ (n) = sb who represents
RT3.5 famine \"fœmIn\ (n) = a lack of food during a long
an organisation, etc / εκπρόσωπος (ενός
period of time / λιμός, πείνα
οργανισμού κ.λπ.)
RT3.6 awareness \´"we´n´s\ (n) = knowing that sth exists
RT4.16 rewarding \rI"wO…dIN\ (adj) = satisfying / που
and is important / συνειδητοποίηση
προσφέρει ικανοποίηση
RT3.7 funds \føndz\ (pl n) = money / χρήματα
RT4.17 mentally \"ment´li\ (adv) = concerning the mind /
RT3.8 gender equality \"dZend´ IÆkwÅl´ti\ (n) = the fact
νοητικά, πνευματικά
that men and women have the same rights /
RT4.18 stimulated \"stImj´leItId\ (adj) = alert / σε
ισότητα των φύλων
εγρήγορση, ενεργός
RT3.9 total \"t´Ut´l\ (v) = to reach a particular amount /
RT4.19 appeal \´"pi…l\ (v) = to attract sb's interest; to interest
ανέρχομαι σε, ισούμαι συνολικά με
sb / ελκύω, τραβώ κάποιον
RT3.10 televised fundraising \Ætel´vaIzd "føndreIzIN\ (n) =
RT4.20 hesitate (to do sth) \"hezIteIt\ (v) = to be uncertain
the activity of collecting money for a charity on
about doing sth / διστάζω (να κάνω κάτι)
TV / τηλεοπτικός έρανος
RT4.21 adviser \´d"vaIz´\ (n) = sb who gives advice /
RT3.11 comedy sketch \"kÅm´di ÆsketS\ (n) = a short comic
σύμβουλος
scene / κωμικό σκετσάκι
RT4.22 outgoing \ÆaUt"g´UIN\ (adj) = sociable / κοινωνικός
RT3.12 vulnerable \"vøln´r´b´l\ (adj) = weak / ευάλωτος
RT4.23 irritable \"IrIt´b´l\ (adj) = bad-tempered / ευέξαπτος,
RT3.13 long-term \ÆlÅN "t‰…m\ (adj) = over a long period of
οξύθυμος
time / μακροχρόνιος, μακροπρόθεσμος
RT4.24 interact (with an animal) \ÆInt´r"œkt\ (v) = to make
RT3.14 vision \"vIZ´n\ (n) = an idea of what you would like
contact with an animal / έρχομαι σε επαφή,
sth to be / όραμα
αλληλεπιδρώ
RT3.15 poverty \"pÅv´ti\ (n) = the state of being poor /
RT4.25 memorise \"mem´raIz\ (v) = to learn sth carefully so
φτώχεια
that you can remember it / απομνημονεύω,
RT3.16 launch \lO…ntS\ (v) = to start an organised activity /
αποστηθίζω
ξεκινώ (μια επιχείρηση, δραστηριότητα κ.λπ.)
RT3.17 starvation \stA…"veIS´n\ (n) = famine; extreme
Writing (p. 78)
hunger / υποσιτισμός, λιμοκτονία
RT3.18 thus far (phr) = so far; until now / μέχρι τώρα W.1 bring sth up to date (phr) = to change sth so that it
RT3.19 broadcast \"brO…dkA…st\ (v) = to show a programme includes the most recent information or
on TV / μεταδίδω (εκπομπή στην τηλεόραση) equipment / ενημερώνω, επικαιροποιώ κάτι
W.2 work station \"w‰…k ÆsteIS´n\ (n) = the desk and
Reading – Text 4 (p. 77) computer at which sb works / γραφείο, θέση
εργασίας (με τον υπολογιστή)
RT4.1 zookeeper \"zu…Æki…p´\ (n) = an attendant at an animal
W.3 notification \ÆnaUtIfI"keIS´n\ (n) = a formal notice /
park / επιστάτης ζωολογικού κήπου
ειδoποίηση, γνωστοποίηση
RT4.2 observe \´b"z‰…v\ (v) = to monitor; to watch over sb/
W.4 due date \"dju… deIt\ (n) = the date by which sth is
sth / παρατηρώ, προσέχω
expected to have happened / προθεσμία
RT4.3 sluggishly \"sløgISli\ (adv) = more slowly than
W.5 nature reserve \"neItS´ rIÆz‰…v\ (n) = an area where
normal / αργοκίνητα, νωχελικά
the animals and plants are protected / καταφύγιο
RT4.4 enclosure \In"kl´UZ´\ (n) = a cage / κλουβί,
άγριας ζωής
περιφραγμένος χώρος
RT4.5 vet \vet\ (n) = a doctor who treats animals /
Speaking – Part 2 (p. 79)
κτηνίατρος
RT4.6 living quarters \"lIvIN ÆkwO…t´z\ (pl n) = the place SP2.1 cancel \"kœns´l\ (v) = to decide that sth will not take
provided for sb/sth to live in / χώρος διαμονής place / ακυρώνω
RT4.7 bedding \"bedIN\ (n) = materials used for animals to SP2.2 unpack \øn"pœk\ (v) = to take things out of a bag,
sleep on / υπόστρωμα για ζώα box, etc / ξεπακετάρω, βγάζω πράγματα από τις
RT4.8 spray down \ÆspreI "daUn\ (phr v) = to scatter fine συσκευασίες τους
drops of a liquid all over an area / ψεκάζω όλο το SP2.3 replacement \rI"pleIsm´nt\ (n) = sth used in the
χώρο place of sth else / κάτι που αντικαθιστά κάτι άλλο,
RT4.9 pest \pest\ (n) = an insect that causes an illness to παρεμφερές προϊόν
animals / παράσιτο SP2.4 schoolmate \"sku…lmeIt\ (n) = sb who attends the
RT4.10 maintain \meIn"teIn\ (v) = to keep / διατηρώ same school as you / συμμαθητής

18

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 TEST 4

SP2.5 bullying \"bUliIN\ (n) = the use of strength to threaten Listening – Part 3 (p. 83)
or frighten weaker people / εκφοβισμός,
LP3.1 the pros and cons (phr) = the advantages and
παρενόχληση
disadvantages / τα υπέρ και τα κατά
LP3.2 workout \"w‰…kaUt\ (n) = a period of physical
Speaking – Part 3 (p. 80)
exercise / άσκηση, γυμναστική
SP3.1 jumble sale \"dZømb´l ÆseIl\ (n) = a sale of various LP3.3 toxic \"tÅksIk\ (adj) = poisonous / τοξικός,
second-hand things / παζάρι μεταχειρισμένων δηλητηριώδης
αντικειμένων LP3.4 insomniac \In"sÅmniœk\ (n) = sb who regularly finds
SP3.2 block of flats \ÆblÅk ´f "flœts\ (n) = a large building it difficult to sleep / άτομο που υποφέρει από
that has several apartments / πολυκατοικία αϋπνία
SP3.3 facilities \f´"sIl´tiz\ (pl n) = services or equipment LP3.5 cancer \"kœns´\ (n) = a serious disease which often
that are provided for a particular purpose / causes death / καρκίνος
παροχές, εγκαταστάσεις LP3.6 stroke \str´Uk\ (n) = a sudden serious illness in which
SP3.4 single-use \ÆsINg´l "ju…s\ (adj) = that can only be used the blood in the brain is blocked / εγκεφαλικό
once / μιας χρήσης επεισόδιο
SP3.5 straw \strO…\ (n) = a thin tube of plastic or paper that LP3.7 pregnant \"pregn´nt\ (adj) = (of a woman) expecting
you can drink a liquid through / καλαμάκι (για a baby / (για γυναίκα) έγκυος
ποτό) LP3.8 discourage \dIs"kørIdZ\ (v) = to not urge sb to do
SP3.6 marine life \m´Æri…n "laIf\ (n) = animals and plants sth / αποτρέπω, αποθαρρύνω
that live in the sea / θαλάσσια ζωή LP3.9 shiver \"SIv´\ (n) = a sudden shaking movement /
SP3.7 grant \grA…nt\ (n) = a sum of money given by the τρέμουλο, ρίγος
government to be used for a particular purpose / LP3.10 spine \spaIn\ (n) = the row of bones down the
κρατική επιχορήγηση, κονδύλι middle of our back / σπονδυλική στήλη
SP3.8 the homeless \D´ "h´Uml´s\ (pl n) = people who have
no home / οι άστεγοι Reading – Text 1 (pp. 84-85)
SP3.9 fellow council member \Æfel´U "kaUns´l Æmemb´\ (n)
RT1.1 gateway (to sth) \"geItweI\ (n) = a place through
= sb being a member of the same council as you /
which you can get to another place / πύλη,
συνάδελφος στο δημοτικό συμβούλιο
είσοδος (σε κάτι)
RT1.2 scream \skri…m\ (n) = a loud high noise / ουρλιαχτό,
TEST 4 κραυγή
RT1.3 bronze \brÅnz\ (adj) = made of a dark red-brown
Listening – Part 1 (p. 81) metal / μπρούτζινος
LP1.1 vacuum cleaner \"vœkju´m Ækli…n´\ (n) = an electrical RT1.4 sculptor \"skølpt´\ (n) = an artist who makes
appliance for cleaning floors / ηλεκτρική σκούπα sculptures / γλύπτης
LP1.2 unavailable \Æøn´"veIl´b´l\ (adj) = (of a person) that RT1.5 marvel (at sth) \"mA…v´l\ (v) = to be impressed by
you can't meet now / (για άτομο) που δεν είναι sth / θαυμάζω κάτι, εντυπωσιάζομαι
τώρα διαθέσιμο RT1.6 focal point \Æf´Uk´l "pOInt\ (n) = a thing that is the
LP1.3 take (sth) on \ÆteIk "Ån\ (phr v) = to agree to be centre of interest / το επίκεντρο ενδιαφέροντος
responsible for sth / αναλαμβάνω (μια ευθύνη) RT1.7 retain \rI"teIn\ (v) = to keep; to continue to have sth /
LP1.4 take (sth) in \ÆteIk "In\ (phr v) = to understand sth διατηρώ, διαφυλλάσω
that you've heard or read / καταλαβαίνω, RT1.8 cityscape \"sItiskeIp\ (n) = the general appearance of
αντιλαμβάνομαι a city / η γενική εικόνα μιας πόλης
LP1.5 take (sth) over \ÆteIk "´Uv´\ (phr v) = to gain control RT1.9 forested \"fÅrIstId\ (adj) = covered with trees /
of sth / αναλαμβάνω, τον έλεγχο δασώδης
LP1.6 flavour \"fleIv´\ (n) = taste / γεύση RT1.10 make up \ÆmeIk "øp\ (phr v) = to form sth / αποτελώ
LP1.7 salon \"sœlÅn\ (n) = the hairdresser's / κομμωτήριο κάτι
RT1.11 cabin \"kœbIn\ (n) = a small house made of wood /
Listening – Part 2 (p. 82) καλύβα, ξύλινο σπιτάκι
RT1.12 dotted \"dÅtId\ (pp) = scattered over an area /
LP2.1 expectations \Æekspek"teIS´nz\ (pl n) = a hope that διάσπαρτος
sth good will happen / προσδοκίες RT1.13 unknown \Æøn"n´Un\ (adj) = not famous / άσημος, όχι
LP2.2 behave myself (phr) = to do things appropriately ξακουστός
and politely / συμπεριφέρομαι σωστά και RT1.14 unique \ju…"ni…k\ (adj) = the only one of its kind /
ευγενικά μοναδικός
LP2.3 over-eating \Æ´Uv´r "i…tIN\ (n) = the act of eating more RT1.15 restore \rI"stO…\ (v) = to repair (a building) /
than is healthy / υπερβολική κατανάλωση αποκαθιστώ, επιδιορθώνω (ένα κτίριο)
φαγητού RT1.16 reimagine \ri…I"mœdZIn\ (v) = to imagine sth again /
LP2.4 blame (sb) \bleIm\ (v) = to say that sb has done sth ξαναφαντάζομαι κάτι
bad / κατηγορώ κάποιον RT1.17 extravagant \Ik"strœv´g´nt\ (adj) = exaggerated;
extreme / υπερβολικός, ακραίος
19

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 TEST 4

RT1.18 judgement \"dZødZm´nt\ (n) = the ability to make RT2.26 occur \´"k‰…\ (v) = to exist / εμφανίζομαι, υπάρχω
sensible decisions / κρίση, δημιουργία γνώμης RT2.27 portable \"pO…t´b´l\ (adj) = that can be carried
around / φορητός
Reading – Text 2 (pp. 84-85) RT2.28 trailer \"treIl´\ (n) = a mobile home / τροχόσπιτο
RT2.29 regardless of \rI"gA…dl´s ´v\ (prep) = irrespective of /
RT2.1 worsen \"w‰…s´n\ (v) = to become worse /
άσχετα με, ανεξάρτητα από
χειροτερεύω
RT2.30 innovation \ÆIn´"veIS´n\ (n) = a new idea / καινοτομία
RT2.2 natural disaster \ÆnœtS´r´l "dI"zA…st´\ (n) = a natural
RT2.31 prone \pr´Un\ (adj) = likely to suffer from sth / που
event that causes great damage or loss of life /
υποφέρει συχνά (από κάτι)
φυσική καταστροφή
RT2.32 fully-sustainable \ÆfUli s´"steIn´b´l\ (adj) =
RT2.3 permanent \"p‰…m´n´nt\ (adj) = lasting for all time /
completely environmentally friendly / πλήρως
μόνιμος
βιώσιμος, εντελώς φιλικός προς το περιβάλλον
RT2.4 housing \"haUzIN\ (n) = houses, flats, etc that people
RT2.33 affordability \´ÆfO…d´"bIl´ti\ (n) = the fact of sth being
live in / στέγαση
cheap enough for people to buy / οικονομική
RT2.5 dwelling \"dwelIN\ (n) = any type of house, flat, etc
δυνατότητα απόκτησης (ενός προϊόντος)
where people live / κατοικία
RT2.34 viable \"vaI´b´l\ (adj) = (of a solution) workable / (για
RT2.6 sphere \sfI´\ (n) = a solid figure that is completely
λύση) βιώσιμη, εφικτή
round / σφαίρα
RT2.35 housing crisis \"haUzIN ÆkraIsIs\ (n) = a lack in the
RT2.7 geodesic dome \dZi…´UÆdesIk "d´Um\ (n) = a light,
number of houses available to accommodate the
domelike structure / γεωδαιτικός θόλος, θόλος ο
population of an area / στεγαστική κρίση,
οποίος αποτελείται από σύνολο τριγώνων
έλλειψη κατοικιών
RT2.8 encompass \In"kømp´s\ (v) = to include (a range of
RT2.36 temporary \"temp´r´ri\ (adj) = that is to be used for a
things) / συμπεριλαμβάνω, ενσωματώνω
short time / προσωρινός
RT2.9 structural \"strøktS´r´l\ (adj) = relating to the way in
RT2.37 shelter \"Selt´\ (n) = a basic structure for living in /
which sth is built / δομικός, κατασκευαστικός
στέγη, κατοικία
RT2.10 volume \"vÅlju…m\ (n) = the amount of space that an
RT2.38 running costs \"rønIN kÅsts\ (pl n) = the money you
object fills / όγκος
need to spend regularly to keep a business
RT2.11 triangular \traI"œNgj´l´\ (adj) = having the shape of
working / λειτουργικά έξοδα
three straight lines and three angles / τριγωνικός
RT2.39 architectural \ÆA…kI"tektS´r´l\ (adj) = relating to
RT2.12 inherently \In"hI´r´ntli\ (adv) = because of its basic
architecture and buildings / αρχιτεκτονικός
nature / εκ φύσεως
RT2.40 landscape \"lœndskeIp\ (n) = everything you can see
RT2.13 aerodynamic \Æe´r´UdaI"nœmIk\ (adj) = that makes
when you look across a large area of land / τοπίο
sth more resistant to the wind / αεροδυναμικός,
RT2.41 to come (phr) = in the future / στο μέλλον
ανθεκτικός στον άνεμο
RT2.42 durable \"djU´r´b´l\ (adj) = strong and long-lasting /
RT2.14 fire-proof \faI´ pru…f\ (adj) = resistant to fire /
ανθεκτικός
πυρίμαχος, που δεν καίγεται
RT2.43 adapt (to sth) \´"dœpt\ (v) = to adjust to sth /
RT2.15 flood-proof \"faI´ pru…f\ (adj) = resistant to flooding /
προσαρμόζομαι (σε κάτι)
στεγανός, που δεν αφήνει το νερό να περάσει
RT2.44 upkeep \"øpki…p\ (n) = maintenance / συντήρηση
μέσα
RT2.45 take up \ÆteIk "øp\ (phr v) = to fill (a space) / πιάνω,
RT2.16 thus \Døs\ (adv) = in this way / κατ' αυτόν τον τρόπο
καταλαμβάνω (χώρο)
RT2.17 durability \ÆdjU´r´"bIl´ti\ (n) = the quality of being
RT2.46 strain \streIn\ (n) = pressure and difficulty / πίεση,
able to last for a long time without breaking /
δυσκολία
αντοχή, ανθεκτικότητα
RT2.47 exert \Ig"z‰…t\ (v) = to apply (pressure on sth) / ασκώ
RT2.18 considerably \k´n"sId´r´bli\ (adv) = significantly /
(πίεση σε κάτι)
αρκετά
RT2.48 leap \li…p\ (v) = to make a long jump / κάνω άλμα
RT2.19 conventional \k´n"venS´n´l\ (adj) = traditional /
RT2.49 pop up \ÆpÅp "øp\ (phr v) = to appear suddenly /
συμβατικός, παραδοσιακός
εμφανίζομαι ξαφνικά
RT2.20 panel \"pœn´l\ (n) = a piece of wood, glass or metal
RT2.50 take (sth) apart \ÆteIk "´ÆpA…t\ (phr v) = to join
that forms part of a larger surface / φύλλο, (ξύλου,
different parts in order to make sth / διαλύω,
γυαλιού, μετάλλου)
αποσυναρμολογώ
RT2.21 assembly \´"sembli\ (n) = the process of putting
RT2.51 put (sth) together \ÆpUt t´"geD´\ (phr v) = to make sth
together the parts of sth / συναρμολόγηση
by collecting parts together / συναρμολογώ
RT2.22 labour \"leIb´\ (n) = physical work / χειρωνακτική
RT2.52 knock (sth) down \ÆnÅk "daUn\ (phr v) = to demolish
εργασία
a building / κατεδαφίζω
RT2.23 unbearable \øn"be´r´b´l\ (adj) = impossible to deal
with / αφόρητος, που δεν μπορείς να
Reading – Text 3 (p. 88)
αντιμετωπίσεις
RT2.24 coastal \"k´Ust´l\ (adj) = near a coast / παράκτιος, RT3.1 championship \"tSœmpi´nSIp\ (n) = a set of
παραθαλάσσιος competitions to find the best player /
RT2.25 circulate \"s‰…kj´leIt\ (v) = to move around a place / πρωτάθλημα
κυκλοφορώ τριγύρω

20

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 TEST 5

RT3.2 grand slam \Ægrœnd "slœm\ (n) = a set of very RT4.10 gloriously \"glO…ri´sli\ (adv) = wonderfully / εξαίσια
important tennis competitions in the same year / RT4.11 daffodil \"dœf´dIl\ (n) = a tall, yellow, spring flower /
παγκόσμιο πρωτάθλημα τένις ασφόδελος (είδος λουλουδιού)
RT3.3 regard (sth as) \rI"gA…d\ (v) = to think about sth in a RT4.12 resilience \rI"zIli´ns\ (n) = the ability to recover
particular way / θεωρώ κάτι ως quickly after sth unpleasant / ανθεκτικότητα,
RT3.4 prestigious \pre"stIdZ´s\ (adj) = highly respected / αντοχή
υψηλού κύρους, μεγάλης εκτίμησης RT4.13 unspoilt \Æøn"spOIlt\ (adj) = not damaged by sth /
RT3.5 croquet \"kr´UkeI\ (n) = a game played on grass in άθικτος
which players use sticks to knock wooden balls /
κροκέ (είδος αθλήματος) Writing (p. 90)
RT3.6 lawn \lO…n\ (n) = an area of ground covered in short
W.1 fast pass ticket \ÆfA…st "pA…s ÆtIkIt\ (n) = a ticket that
grass / γρασίδι
allows you to go on a ride in an adventure park
RT3.7 pastime \"pA…staIm\ (n) = a hobby / χόμπι, ευχάριστη
without waiting in a queue / εισιτήριο
ασχολία
προτεραιότητας σε θεαματικά πάρκα
RT3.8 attendance \´"tend´ns\ (n) = the number of people
present at an organised event / αριθμός θεατών
RT3.9 spectator \spek"teIt´\ (n) = sb who is watching an
Speaking – Part 1 (p. 91)
event or sport / θεατής (μιας εκδήλωσης, ενός SP1.1 fondest \"fÅndIst\ (adj) = the warmest; the most
αθλήματος) affectionate / ο πιο τρυφερός, ο πιο γλυκός
RT3.10 shilling \"SIlIN\ (n) = a British coin in use until 1971 /
σελίνι (το ένα εικοστό μίας λίρας) Speaking – Part 2 (p. 91)
RT3.11 as opposed to (phr) = in contrast to / σε αντίθεση με
RT3.12 contest (sth) \"kÅntest\ (v) = to try to win a SP2.1 gift certificate \"gIft s´ÆtIfIk´t\ (n) = a voucher that
competition / διαγωνίζομαι (για κάτι) can be exchanged in a store for goods /
RT3.13 extend \Ik"stend\ (v) = to make sth larger / επεκτείνω, δωροεπιταγή
διευρύνω SP2.2 contribute \k´n"trIbju…t\ (v) = to give money along
RT3.14 enforced \In"fO…st\ (adj) = that was made to happen / with others / συμβάλλω, συμμετέχω οικονομικά
εξαναγκαστικός SP2.3 accommodate \´"kÅm´deIt\ (v) = to fulfil (a request, a
RT3.15 respectively \rI"spektIvli\ (adv) = (of two things) in need) / ικανοποιώ (κάποιο αίτημα, μια ανάγκη)
the same order as they have been mentioned / SP2.4 distract sb \dI"strœkt\ (v) = to take sb's attention
(για δύο πράγματα) αντιστοίχως away from sth / αποσπώ την προσοχή κάποιου
RT3.16 spectacle \"spekt´k´l\ (n) = an impressive event /
εντυπωσιακό θέαμα Speaking – Part 3 (p. 92)
RT3.17 the advent of sth (phr) = the beginning of sth SP3.1 partly \"pA…tli\ (adv) = to some extent / εν μέρει
special / το ξεκίνημα ενός σπουδαίου γεγονότος SP3.2 roommate \"ru…mÆmeIt\ (n) = sb who shares a flat with
RT3.18 era \"I´r´\ (n) = a period of time in history / εποχή, one or more others / συγκάτοικος
ιστορική περίοδος SP3.3 self-defence \Æself dI"fens\ (n) = the skill of protecting
RT3.19 amateur \"œm´t´\ (n) = sb who does sth for pleasure / yourself from physical attack without using
ερασιτέχνης weapons / αυτοάμυνα
RT3.20 immeasurably \I"meZ´r´bli\ (adv) = enormously; SP3.4 monument \"mÅnj´m´nt\ (n) = a building that has
incredibly / απίστευτα πολύ special historical importance / μνημείο

Reading – Text 4 (p. 89) TEST 5

RT4.1 mere \mI´\ (adj) = no more than / μόλις, μόνο
RT4.2 sandy \"sœndi\ (adj) = (of a beach) covered with Listening – Part 1 (p. 93)
sand / (για παραλία) αμμώδης
LP1.1 sort through (sth) \"sO…t Tru…\ (phr v) = to look
RT4.3 untouched \Æøn"tøtSt\ (adj) = not affected by sth /
through a number of things and put them in
ανέγγιχτος, άθικτος
order / ξεχωρίζω, τακτοποιώ
RT4.4 mass tourism \Æmœs "tU´rIz´m\ (n) = a large number
LP1.2 dress up \Ædres "øp\ (phr v) = to wear costumes in
of tourists visiting an area / μαζικός τουρισμός
order to look like sb famous, for fun /
RT4.5 the rat race (idm) = the competitive working life / η
μεταμφιέζομαι
σκληρή καθημερινότητα
LP1.3 postbox \"p´UstbÅks\ (n) = a letter box /
RT4.6 roll-call \"r´Ul kO…l\ (n) = a list of students / κατάλογος
γραμματοκιβώτιο
μαθητών
RT4.7 infrastructure \"Infr´ÆstrøktS´\ (n) = the basic systems
Listening – Part 2 (p. 94)
and services that a community needs / υποδομή
(μιας περιοχής) LP2.1 mobility problem (phr) = difficulty in moving
RT4.8 derelict \"der´lIkt\ (adj) = not cared for and in bad about / δυσκολία στη μετακίνηση
condition / ερειπωμένος, εγκαταλειμμένος LP2.2 resident \"rezId´nt\ (n) = sb who lives in a place /
RT4.9 bid \bId\ (n) = an attempt; an effort / προσπάθεια κάτοικος

21

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 TEST 5

LP2.3 newsletter \"nju…zÆlet´\ (n) = a publication with the RT1.5 earbud \"I´bød\ (n) = a very small headphone that is
news of an organisation, sent regularly to all its worn inside the ear / μικρό ακουστικό (που
members / ενημερωτικό φυλλάδιο φοριέται μέσα στο αυτί)
LP2.4 induction programme (phr) = the process of RT1.6 cancel (sth) out \Ækœns´l "aUt\ (phr v) = to reduce the
preparing new employees for their new job / effect of sth / σβήνω, εξουδετερώνω (την
πρόγραμμα ένταξης επίδραση κ.λπ.)
LP2.5 dive \daIv\ (v) = to swim underwater wearing RT1.7 interference \ÆInt´"fI´r´ns\ (n) = unwanted sounds /
breathing equipment / κάνω κατάδυση ανεπιθύμητοι θόρυβοι
LP2.6 dull \døl\ (adj) = boring / βαρετός RT1.8 amplifier \"œmplIfaI´\ (n) = a piece of equipment
LP2.7 astonished \´"stÅnISt\ (adj) = very surprised; that makes sounds louder / ενισχυτής ήχου
amazed / έκπληκτος, εμβρόντητος RT1.9 sermon \"s‰…m´n\ (n) = a talk given by a religious
LP2.8 reef \ri…f\ (n) = a long line of rocks near the surface of leader during a service / κύρηγμα
the sea / ύφαλος RT1.10 commander \k´"mA…nd´\ (n) = an officer in charge of
LP2.9 coral \"kÅr´l\ (n) = a colourful hard substance formed a group of soldiers; a leader / διοικητής, αρχηγός
with the bones of small creatures / κοράλλι RT1.11 revolution \Ærev´"lu…S´n\ (n) = a great change /
LP2.10 turtle \"t‰…t´l\ (n) = a large sea animal with a hard επανάσταση, θεαματική μεταβολή
round shell / θαλάσσια χελώνα RT1.12 antisocial \Æœnti"s´US´l\ (adj) = not allowing you to
LP2.11 voluntary \"vÅl´nt´ri\ (adj) = (of work) done by socialise / που σε κάνει αντικοινωνικό
people who choose to do it without being paid / RT1.13 commonplace \"kÅm´npleIs\ (adj) = usual;
(για εργασία) εθελοντική experienced very often / κοινότοπος,
συνηθισμένος
Listening – Part 3 (p. 95) RT1.14 sensory \"sens´ri\ (adj) = through our senses / μέσω
των αισθήσεών μας
LP3.1 instant \"Inst´nt\ (adj) = immediate; very quick /
RT1.15 escapism \I"skeIpIz´m\ (n) = entertainment to
άμεσος, πολύ γρήγορος
escape from boring reality / το να ξεφεύγεις απ'
LP3.2 ease \i…z\ (n) = lack of difficulty / ευκολία
την πραγματικότητα
LP3.3 customise \"køst´maIz\ (v) = to change sth so that it
RT1.16 caution \"kO…S´n\ (n) = carefulness / προσοχή
meets the user's needs / εξατομικεύω,
RT1.17 inability \ÆIn´"bIl´ti\ (n) = the fact of not being able to
προσαρμόζω (στις ανάγκες μου)
do sth / αδυναμία, ανικανότητα
LP3.4 feed \fi…d\ (n) = news being continuously broadcast /
RT1.18 battlefield \"bœt´lfi…ld\ (n) = a place where a battle is
ροή ειδήσεων
fought / πεδίο μάχης
LP3.5 on the go (phr) = while being busy / όταν είμαι σε
RT1.19 downside \"daUnsaId\ (n) = a disadvantage /
κίνηση
μειονέκτημα
LP3.6 negativity \Æneg´"tIv´ti\ (n) = lack of enthusiasm or
RT1.20 collective \k´"lektIv\ (adj) = shared by all members of
hope / αρνητικότητα
a group of people / συλλογικός
LP3.7 bombardment \bÅm"bA…dm´nt\ (n) = an occasion
RT1.21 extensive \Ik"stensIv\ (adj) = occurring to a large
when too much information is aimed at sb /
extent / εκτεταμένος, διαδεδομένος
βομβαρδισμός (από πληροφορίες)
RT1.22 put the blame on sb (phr) = to say that sb is
LP3.8 assault \´"sO…lt\ (n) = the crime of attacking sb
responsible for sth / ρίχνω την ευθύνη σε κάποιον
physically / επίθεση (σε άτομο)
LP3.9 beneficial \ÆbenI"fIS´l\ (adj) = helpful; favourable /
Reading – Text 2 (pp. 98-99)
ωφέλιμος
LP2.10 sensibly \"sens´bli\ (adv) = showing common sense / RT2.1 assess \´"ses\ (v) = to estimate sth / εκτιμώ,
λογικά, συνετά υπολογίζω
LP2.11 misleading \mIs"li…dIN\ (adj) = making you believe RT2.2 century-scale \"sentS´ri ÆskeIl\ (adj) = happening
sth that is not true / παραπλανητικός over a century / μέσα σε εκατό χρόνια
LP2.12 zinc \zINk\ (n) = a mineral that boosts the body's RT2.3 boundary \"baUnd´ri\ (n) = a limit / όριο, σύνορο
immune system / ψευδάργυρος RT2.4 annual rainfall \Æœnju´l "reInfO…l\ (n) = the total
LP2.13 briefer \"bri…f´\ (adj) = lasting less / που διαρκεί amount of rain that falls in a particular area over a
λιγότερο year / ετήσια βροχόπτωση
RT2.5 millimetre \"mIl´Æmi…t´\ (n) = one thousandth of a
Reading – Text 1 (pp. 96-97) metre / ένα χιλιοστό του μέτρου
RT2.6 inch \IntS\ (n) = a unit for measuring length, equal to
RT1.1 conduct \k´n"døkt\ (v) = to organise and do a
2.54 centimetres / ίντσα
particular activity / διεξάγω, διενεργώ
RT2.7 occupy \"Åkj´paI\ (v) = to fill a space / καταλαμβάνω
RT1.2 whisper \"wIsp´\ (n) = a low quiet voice / ψίθυρος
χώρο
RT1.3 rustle \"røs´l\ (n) = a light dry sound like leaves or
RT2.8 seasonal \"si…z´n´l\ (adj) = happening in specific
pieces of paper moving / θρόισμα
seasons / εποχιακός
RT1.4 make out \ÆmeIk "aUt\ (phr v) = to be able to hear or
RT2.9 span \spœn\ (n) = a period of time / χρονικό
see sth clearly / ξεχωρίζω, διακρίνω
διάστημα
RT2.10 far-reaching \ÆfA… "ri…tSIN\ (adj) = that has an extensive
influence / εκτεταμένος, σημαντικός
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RT2.11 implications \ÆImplI"keIS´nz\ (pl n) = consequences / RT4.9 trigger (sth) \"trIg´\ (v) = to make sth happen
συνέπειες, επιπτώσεις suddenly / προξενώ, ενεργοποιώ κάτι
RT2.12 subtropical \Æsøb"trÅpIk´l\ (adj) = near a tropical RT4.10 leisurely \"leZ´li\ (adj) = done without hurrying /
area / υποτροπικός χαλαρός, ανέμελος
RT2.13 arable \"œr´b´l\ (adj) = (of land) that can be RT4.11 confronted (with sth) \k´n"frøntId\ (pp) = faced with
cultivated / αρόσιμος, καλλιεργήσιμος sth, a problem, etc / αντιμέτωπος (με ένα
RT2.14 adequate \"œdIkw´t\ (adj) = sufficient / επαρκής, πρόβλημα κ.λπ.)
ικανοποιητικός
RT2.15 devastating \"dev´steItIN\ (adj) = disastrous / Writing (p. 102)
καταστροφικός, ολέθριος W.1 removal company \rI"mu…v´l Ækømp´ni\ (n) = a
RT2.16 priority \praI"År´ti\ (n) = sth that is more important company that helps people relocate from one
than other things / προτεραιότητα place to another / μεταφορική εταιρεία
RT2.17 steady \"stedi\ (adj) = not changing / σταθερός, που W.2 evaluate \I"vœljueIt\ (v) = to assess sth / αξιολογώ,
δεν αλλάζει εκτιμώ
RT2.18 severe \sI"vI´\ (adj) = distressing; very serious / W.3 orientation programme \ÆO…ri´n"teIS´n Æpr´Ugrœm\
οδυνηρός, πολύ σοβαρός (n) = a series of activities that help new students
RT2.19 stable \"steIb´l\ (adj) = not changing / σταθερός, που to adapt / πρόγραμμα προσαρμογής νέων
δεν αλλάζει φοιτητών
Reading – Text 3 (p. 100) Speaking – Part 2 (p. 103)
RT3.1 cornerstone (of sth) \"kO…n´st´Un\ (n) = the basis for SP2.1 discolour \dIs"køl´\ (v) = to make the colour of sth
sth; the primary thing / ο ακρογωνιαίος λίθος change in an unattractive way / κάνω κάτι να
RT3.2 prowess \"praUIs\ (n) = courage and supremacy / ξεβάψει
υπεροχή, μεγαλείο SP2.2 venue \"venju…\ (n) = a place for an organised event /
RT3.3 wicket \"wIkIt\ (n) = a set of the three vertical sticks χώρος εκδηλώσεων
used in cricket / (στο κρίκετ) φράχτης, με τρεις
κάθετες ράβδους
Speaking – Part 3 (p. 104)
RT3.4 a host of sth (phr) = a large number of sth / πλήθος,
ένας μεγάλος αριθμός από κάτι SP3.1 preferably \"pref´r´bli\ (adv) = ideally / κατά
RT3.5 endurance \In"djU´r´ns\ (n) = stamina; not giving προτίμηση
up / αντοχή SP3.2 housemate \"haUsmeIt\ (n) = a flatmate /
RT3.6 lengthy \"leNTi\ (adj) = lasting a long time / μεγάλης συγκάτοικος
χρονικής διάρκειας SP3.3 retirement \rI"taI´m´nt\ (n) = the fact of leaving your
RT3.7 co-ordination \k´U ÆO…dI"neIS´n\ (n) = the ability to job because you have reached a particular age /
use different parts of the body together συνταξιοδότηση
effectively / συντονισμός (μερών του σώματος)
RT3.8 eyesight \"aIsaIt\ (n) = the ability to see / όραση
RT3.9 stamina \"stœmIn´\ (n) = the physical strength that
enables you to do sth difficult for a long time /
αντοχή

Reading – Text 4 (p. 101)

RT4.1 relaxation \Æri…lœk"seIS´n\ (n) = resting and enjoying
yourself / χαλάρωση, ξεκούραση
RT4.2 relentlessly \rI"lentl´sli\ (adv) = (of sth bad
happening) without stopping / (για κάτι κακό που
συμβαίνει)
RT4.3 demanding \dI"mA…ndIN\ (adj) = challenging; very
difficult / απαιτητικός, πολύ δύσκολος
RT4.4 chill out \ÆtSIl "aUt\ (phr v) = to calm down; to relax /
χαλαρώνω, ηρεμώ
RT4.5 pointer \"pOInt´\ (n) = a piece of advice / συμβουλή
RT4.6 wind down \ÆwaInd "daUn\ (phr v) = to rest after a
period of activity / χαλαρώνω, ξεκουράζομαι
RT4.7 take (sth) up \ÆteIk "øp\ (phr v) = to fill an amount of
time / παίρνω (χρόνο)
RT4.8 step aside (from sth) \Æstep ´"saId\ (phr v) = to stop
doing sth for a while / σταματώ για λίγο (κάτι που
κάνω)

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