TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT

OF A THERMISTOR

PHYSICS INVESTIGATORY PROJECT

JYOTHI SREE.P
XII/D
2023-24
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Jyothi Sree. P of class XII D of

VIDYANIKETAN PUBLICSCHOOL has successfully
completed her Physics project titled “TEMPERATURE
COEFFICIENT OF A THERMISTOR" prescribed by CBSE
towards the fulfillment of the AISSCE course during the
academic year 2023-24. This project is certified to be the
bonafide work of the student.

DATE:

INTERNAL EXAMINER : TEACHER IN CHARGE:

EXTERNAL EXAMINER: PRINCIPAL:

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express our gratitude to our principal Ms. Vasuma S
Achar by thanking her for providing us with the opportunity to conduct
this experiment. I also acknowledge our teacher Mr. Pramod
for their valuable guidance which helped us through the course of this
project in research and completion of the same. I would like to extend
our gratitude to Mr.Shashi for helping me find resources and navigate
the lab and helping me in the completion of the project.
 INDEX

SL.NO TITLE PAGE

NO.
1 AIM 1
2 INTRODUCTION 2
3 APPARATUS 3
4 FORMULA 4
5 DIAGRAM 5
6 PROCEDURE 6
7 OBSERVATION 7-11
&
CALCULATION
8 GRAPHS 12-14
9 RESULT 15
10 PHOTO GALLERY 16
11 BIBILIOGRAPHHY 17
 AIM
To Determine the temperature coefficient of
resistance of given thermistor.
 INTRODUCTION
Thermistor is a heat sensitive resister usually made up of a
semiconducting material, such that its resistance varies
appreciably with change in temperature. Thus the thermistor
has a large temperature coefficient of resistance. They may have
negative or positive temperature coefficient. The high
sensitivity to temperature changes makes the thermistor
extremely well-suited for the precise temperature
measurement, control and compensation. Hence, they are
widely used for such purposes, particularly in the lower
temperature range of –100 C to +350 C.

Thermistors are made by sintering mixtures of metallic oxides

such as Manganese, Cobalt and Copper etc. Their resistance
varies from 0.5 Ω to 100 MΩ. These are chemically stable.
These can be connected in series or parallel, depending up on
the purpose.
The V- I curve is not a straight line. So it is a non-linear or non-
ohmic resister. As the current increases, first the voltage
increases and then decreases

2
 APPARATUS
• Meter bridge
• Galvanometer
• Battery
• Plug-Key
• Thermometer
• Hot water bath
• Connecting terminals
• Thermistor
 FORMULA

thermistor RESISTACE IS GIVEN BY :

R= Sl
100-l
DIAGRAM
 PROCEDURE
1. The circuit is connected using meter bridge.
2. A sustainable resistance (R) is unplugged from
resistance box and the key is closed.
3. If the connections are correct, the galvanometer
shows opposite deflections for the resistance (S) values of
zero and infinite respectively when the
Jockey (J) is moved to opposite ends.
4. The position of the jockey (J) on the wire is
adjusted for zero deflection in galvanometer.
5.Initially at room temperature the balancing
length (l) is measured from zero end and
resistance S is calculated using formula.
6. Now the thermistor is kept in a hot water bath and
thetemperature is decreased from 75°C to
50°C, in steps of 2°C.
7. At every temperature the bridge is balanced by adjusting
the R-value and the S-value is calculated
 OBSERVATIONS
THERMISTOR 1
SL.n Temperature Resistance Length Thermistor
o resistance
1 70 3 47.3 2.80

2 68 3 49.5 2.94
3 66 3 51.4 3.17

4 64 3 52.4 3.30

5 62 3 53.5 3.45

6 60 3 54.3 3.56

7 58 3 55.4 3.72
8 56 3 56.5 3.89
9 54 3 57.3 4.00
10 52 3 58.5 4.22
THERMISTOR 2 :

SL,NO Temperature RESIST

Resistan LENG thermistor
Length Thermistor
A NCE
ce TH RESISTANC
resistance
E
1 76 2 71.5 5.01

2 74 2 72 5.14

3 72 2 73 5.40

4 70 2 74 5.84

5 68 2 75 6.00

6 66 2 76 6.33
CALCULATIONS
:
THERMISTOR 1 :

FORMULA : R = Sl /100-l

T1: S=3 ; l= 47.3 : 3*47.3/100-47.3 = 141.9/52.7

=2.69
T2: S=3 ; l= 49.5 : 3*49.5/100-49.5 = 148.5/50.5
=2.94
T3: S=3 ; l= 51.4 : 3* 51.4/100-51.4 = 154.2/48.6
= 3.17
T4: S=3 ; l= 52.4 : 3*52.4/100-52.4 = 157.2/47.6
= 3.30
T5: S=3 ; l= 53.5 : 3*53.5/100-53.5 = 160.5/46.5
= 3.45
T6: S=3 ; l= 54.3 : 3*54.3/100-54.3 = 162.9/45.7
= 3.56
T7: S=3 ; l= 55.4 : 3*55.4/100-55.4 = 166.2/44.6
=3.72
T8: S=3 ; l= 56.5 : 3*56.5/100-56.5 = 169.5/43.5
=3.89
T9: S=3 ; l= 57.3 : 3*57.3/100-57.3 = 171.9/42.7
=4.02
T10: S=3 ; l= 58.5 : 3*58.5/100-58.5 = 175.5/41.5
= 4.22
THERMISTOR 2:

FORMULA : R = Sl/100-l

T1: S=2 ; l = 71.5 : 2*71.5/100-71.5 = 143/28.5

=5.01
T2: S=2 ; l = 72 : 2*72/100-72 = 144/28
=5.14
T3: S=2 ; l = 73 : 2*73/100-73 = 146/27
=5.40
T4: S=2 ; l = 74.5 : 2*74.5/100-74.5 = 149/25.5
= 5.84
T5: S=2 ; l = 75.0 : 2*75/100-75 = 150/25
= 6.00
T6: S=2 ; l = 76.0 = 2*76/100-76 = 152/24
= 6.33
 TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT
  S 2  S1 / S 2t1  S1t 2
• THERMISTOR 1 • THERMISTOR 2
1  2.94  2.80 2.94(70)  2.80(68) 1  5.14  5.015.14(76)  5.01(74)

• =0.14/15.1 • = 0.13/19.9
• =0.00927 • = 0.0065
2 2
• =0.92* 10 • = 0.65 * 10
•  2 = 0.0091 •  2 = 0.0068
2 2
• =0.91*10 • = 0.68* 10
•  3 = 0.0130 • 3 = 0.0095
2 2
• = 1.30* 10 • =0.95* 10
2 2
• Mean=1.04* 10 • Mean= 0.76*10
GRAPHS
 RESULT

The Temperature coefficient of

2
Thermistor 1: 1.04* 10
2
Thermistor 2:0.76* 10
PHOTO GALLERY
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

www.britannica,com

www.embibe.com

NCERT Text book