MODULUS

|𝑥| gives the absolute value of x

|5| =

|3 − 𝜋| =

|𝜋 − 3| =

|1 − √2| =

|√3 − √2| =
𝑦=

Properties:
• |−𝑥| = |𝑥|

• |𝑎 − 𝑏| = |𝑏 − 𝑎|

• |𝑎𝑏| = |𝑎| |𝑏|

• √𝑥 2 = |𝑥|
Q1. Solve 𝑥 = √9

Q2. Solve 𝑥 2 = 9

• |𝑥| = 𝑎 ⇒ 𝑥 = ±𝑎
Q3. Solve
i. |𝑥| = 7

ii. |𝑥| = −3

iii. |𝑥 − 4| = 7

iv. |3𝑥 − 5| = 7

v. |𝑥 − 1| + 2𝑥 = 5
|𝑥 − 1| + 2𝑥 = 5

vi. |𝑥 | = −3
vii. |2𝑥 − 3| + 5 = 3𝑥

viii. |𝑥 − 1| = |2𝑥 − 1|
ix. 𝑥 2 − 5|𝑥| + 4 = 0

x. 𝑥 2 − 14𝑥 − 5|𝑥 − 7| + 43 = 0

xi. |3𝑥 − 2| + |𝑥| = 0

xii. |𝑎2 − 2𝑎| + |𝑎2 − 4| = 0

Note: |𝑎| + |𝑏| = 0 ⇒ 𝑎 = 0 & 𝑏 = 0

Q2. If 𝑥 < 0 then |2𝑥 − √(2 − 𝑥)2 | equals (one or more options correct)

i. 𝑥−2
ii. 3𝑥 − 2
iii. 3𝑥 + 2
iv. −3𝑥 + 2

Note:
Q3. Solve
i. |𝑥 − 3| + |2𝑥 + 1| = |3𝑥 − 2|

ii. |𝑥 − 3| + |2𝑥 + 1| = |𝑥 + 4|

iii. |𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 6| + |𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 4| = 2
MODULUS INEQUALITIES

If a is positive then
i. |𝑥| ≤ 𝑎 ⇒ −𝑎 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝑎 ⇒ 𝑥 ∈ [−𝑎, 𝑎]

ii. 𝑎 < |𝑥| ⇒ 𝑥 < −𝑎 𝑜𝑟 𝑎 < 𝑥 ⇒ 𝑥 ∈ (−∞, −𝑎) ∪ (𝑎, ∞)

iii. 𝑎 ≤ |𝑥| ≤ 𝑏 ⇒ 𝑥 ∈ [−𝑏, −𝑎] ∪ [𝑎, 𝑏]

Q5. Solve
i. |𝑥| ≤ 7

ii. |𝑥 − 2| ≤ 7

iii. |3 − 7𝑥| < 5

iv. |𝑥| ≥ 4
 1
v. |2𝑥 − 5| >
3

vi. |𝑥 − 1| + |𝑥 − 4| = 7
vii. |𝑥 − 1| + |𝑥 − 4| ≥ 7

HW Ques. Find the sum of all solutions of

2 −10𝑥+21
i. |𝑥 − 6|𝑥 =1
 2 −13𝑥+42
ii. (𝑥 − 6)𝑥 =1