10

Technology and
Livelihood Education
Agri – Fishery Arts
HORTICULTURE
Quarter 2 – Module 3
Sow Seeds on Tray
Compartments
Technology and Livelihood Education – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 - Module 1
First Edition, 2021

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

DEVELOPMENT TEAM OF THE MODULE

Writers : Henjel B. Perales

Editor : Jose Garry Napoles

Reviewers :

Illustrator and Layout Artist :

Management Team:
Schools Division Superintendent : Marilyn S. Andales
Assistant Schools Div. Superintendents : Anelito A. Bongkawil
Fay C. Luarez
Lorenzo M. Dizon
Chief Education Supervisor, CID : Mary Ann P. Flores
Education Program Supervisor, LRMDS : Isaiash T. Wagas
Education Program Supervisor, TLE : Jose Garry R. Napoles

Department of Education – Regional Office 7

DepED-Division of Cebu Province
Office Address : IPHO Bldg., Sudlon, Lahug, Cebu City
Telefax : (032) 255-6405, (032) 255-440
E-mail Address : cebu.province@deped.gov.ph
 10

Technology and
Livelihood Education
Agri – Fishery Arts
HORTICULTURE
Quarter 2 – Module 1
Sow Seeds on Tray
Compartments
 WHAT I NEED TO KNOW
In hope of slowing down the spread of CoViD-19, the DepEd had decided to
have an alternative learning modality aside from the face-to-face approach to education
since it is already losing its relevance in this time of crisis. Thus, this module was designed
and written for learning at home. It is here to help you master the nature of Horticulture. The
scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations and we
encourage you not to stop learning but must adapt to the new types of learning modality.

This is the first module of the second quarter in TLE AFA: Horticulture 10.
This is specifically crafted to hone your skills to be a successful horticulturist. It focuses on
the competency which is to sow seeds on tray compartments. An effective horticulturist is
equipped with the practical knowledge and skills in the field of agriculture. Learning the
competencies of this lesson will prepare you for future employment, higher education, and
business. Furthermore, you can also apply the knowledge and skills acquired from this
module to improve your personal well-being. It is a life skill that is timely and relevant in this
time of pandemic.

At the end of the module, you are expected to:

recognize the methods of sowing;

analyze the factors that affect the germination of seeds when sowing; and
manifest a sense of responsibility in sowing good quality seeds in tray
compartments.

WHAT I KNOW

Directions: Read each statement carefully and identify what is being described.
Write the answer on your answer sheet.
__________ 1. It is a method of planting where the seeds are sown directly to the soil where
they will grow until harvesting.
__________ 2. Stage in germination where the seeds absorb water.
__________ 3. It is the embryonic roots which grows into the ground.
__________ 4. It is also known as the embryonic stem.
__________ 5. Part of the seeds which emerges and produces leaves.
__________ 6. It provides moisture to the seeds.
__________ 7. It is the process of placing the seeds in a moist soil media.
__________ 8. It is a period in which plant has no active growth.
__________ 9. It is a method where the seeds are planted first in the seed box or seed bed.
__________ 10. It is when the seeds are developed into a new plant.

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 WHAT’S IN
Seed sowing is a basic skill in horticulture. Many plants especially vegetable
is easy to grow from seeds. You only need less equipment and all you have to do is to
provide the basic requirement for the germination – the moisture, suitable temperature and
oxygen.

WHAT’S NEW

Sowing is the important operation in crop production. The seeds must be

placed at a required depth in a moist soil to get enough moisture.
Always start to by preparing the soil. Remove weeds then loosen the soil.
Moisten the beds thoroughly a few days before sowing.

WHAT IS IT
Sow Seeds on Tray Compartments
Sowing is a process of planting or placing the seeds in a moist soil media.
 Two methods of planting:
1. Direct planting
The seeds are directly planted into the soil where they will grow until
harvesting.
Direct planting usually done when plants have large seeds
2. Indirect planting
Seeds are planted first in the seed box or seed bed. As soon as the seedlings
have three or more leaves, they will be transplanted to the area where they will grow until
harvesting. This method is usually done when plants have tiny seeds like pechay, eggplant
etc.

 Proper seed growing techniques

Seed germination is when the seeds is developed into a new plant.

 Seed Germination Stages

1. Imbibition. Germination begins with the absorption of water. The seed coat or also
known as the testa, ruptures and the embryonic root or the radicle grows into the
ground to absorb nutrients and minerals from the soil.
2. The cotyledon emerges and produces the primary leaves.
3. The growing plant can be divided into parts, the epicotyl or embryonic shoots,
embryonic stem, also known as the hypocotyl, and the developing roots.

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  Factors that affect the germination of seeds
1. Water. Seeds need to take enough amount of water. It provides moisture and
helps in rupturing of seeds.
2. Temperature. Different seeds require different optimum temperature. The
optimum temperature of most crops is around 25°C - 30° C.
3. Adequate sunlight. Some species require adequate sunlight before
germinating.
4. Suitable growing media.
5. Seed dormancy. There are some seeds which require more time to
germinate. Some seeds become dormant because of thick seed coats and/ or
immature embryo.
 Depth of Sowing
Planting seeds at the right depth will help them develop into hardy
seedlings and increase the rate of germination. The depth varies depending on the
size and types of seeds. Generally, seeds can be sown into the soil not deeper than
twice its diameter
 General Guidelines for Seed Depth
 Seeds should be planted at a depth of two times the width or the diameter of
the seeds. Example, if your seeds is ½ inch wide, you plant the seeds an inch
deep.
 For tiny seeds, place them on the surface of the soil and barely cover them
with soil.
 Do not compress the soil atop the seeds as you plant them. The soil should
not be compacted.
 You can also refer on the required planting depth of the variety from
package of the seeds that you bought.
Importance of seed sowing
Sowing is the most important operation in vegetable production. The
seeds must be placed at a required depth in a moist soil so as to get the optimum
condition for its germination. It is important because you can make lots of new plant
for your garden. Seed sowing also gives you a great satisfaction in knowing you’ve
played a part in creating those plants, which is one of the most rewarding aspects of
producing crops.
Disclaimer: The content is used to put emphasis and to show concrete examples for deeper understanding of the
lesson. The Department of Education – Cebu Province does not claim or own the presented picture. Link for the
source is found in the reference part of the module.

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 WHAT’S MORE

Directions: Sow seeds in seed trays or seed boxes by following the instructions. Take a
picture of you doing each step and paste them in your portfolio,
1. Find some trays or pots.
2. Fill the seed tray with compost.
3. Moisten the surface of the compost.
4. Broadcast the seed or sow the seed in row.
5. Cover the seeds with thin layer of soil.
6. Cover the seed tray or pots.
7. Place the seed tray in a warm place.
8. Remove the cover once the seeds are germinated.

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED

Directions: Check () the plants that are directly planted and () those that are indirectly
planted.

__ 1. Okra ___ 6. Beans

_
__ 2. Eggplant ___ 7. Petchay

_
__ 3. Squash ___ 8. Tomato

_
__ 4. Bell pepper ___ 9. radish

_
__ 5. Carrots ___ 10 cucumber

WHAT I CAN DO
Group Activity
DIRECTIONS: Create a seed box using the following instruction. Take pictures of you doing
each step and paste them on your group portfolio.

1. Prepare a seed box using any available materials measuring 3x3 sq. ft. and at least 6
inches deep. Place your sterilized soil media. Sow seed in a row.

2. Place the soil in the seed box and moisten.

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3. Sow the seeds in row or in broadcast but it is advisable to sow seeds in row because
seeds will have enough space.

4. Cover the seeds with thin layer of soil enough to cover the seeds.

5. Press the whole surface firmly.

6. Water the seed box with sprinkler with fine holes.

ASSESSMENT

Directions: Read and answer the questions carefully. Write the letter of the best answer in
your answer sheet of paper.
1. It is a method of planting where the seeds are sown directly to the soil where they
will grow until harvesting.
A. Direct planting
B. Indirect planting
C. Hydroponics
D. Planting
2. Stage in germination where the seeds absorb water.
A. Production of enzymes
B. Imbibition
C. Root development
D. Extracting nutrient
3. It is the embryonic roots which grows into the ground.
A. Testa
B. Radicle
C. Embryonic stem
D. Hypocotyl
4. It is also known as the embryonic stem.
A. radicle
B. hypocotyl
C. epicotyl
D. testa
5. The depth of sowing seeds should be
A. Five times the diameter of the seeds
B. Two times the diameter of the seeds
C. Four times the diameter of the seeds
D. Three times the diameter of the seeds
6. Method of planting where the seeds are planted first in the seedbox and transplanted
to the area where they will grow until harvest as soon as they will have three or
more leaves.
A. Direct planting
B. Indirect planting
C. Hydroponics
D. Planting
7. Part of the seeds which emerges and produces leaves.
A. Hypocotyl
B. Radicle
C. epicotyl
D. cotyledon
8. It provides moisture to the seeds.
A. temperature

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 B. growing media
C. water
D. sunlight
9. Temperature requirement for most of the crops.
A. 25°C - 50°C
B. 25°C - 30°C
C. 25°C - 40°C
D. 20°C - 45°C
10 It is the process of placing the seeds in a moist soil media.
A. Seed sowing
B. Seed dormancy
C. Seed maturity
D. Seed viability
11. Why do we need to plant seeds at the right depth?
A. The right depth will help them develop into a hardy seedlings.
B. It will increase the rate of germination.
C. Both A& B
D. None of the above
12. How to sow tiny seeds?
A. Compress the soil atop of the seeds.
B. Cover them with plenty of soil
C. The soil sould be compacted
D. None of the above.
13. Why do some seeds fail to germinate?
A. Due to thick seed coat.
B. Because of the immature embryo
C. Both A& B
D. None of the above
14. Generally, seeds can be sown into the soil
A. Deeper than twice its diameter
B. Equivalent to its diameter
C. Should not be deeper than twice its diameter
D. Both B & C
15. Placing and depositing of seeds in a moist soil for good seed germination.
A. Seedbox
B. Seed sowing
C. Soil sterilization
D. Growing media

ADDITIONAL ACTIVITY

Directions: Take pictures of yourself wearing your Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
while you do the tasks in WHAT I CAN DO. Take pictures of your group observations of the
seeds you sowed. Make sure to write a short caption for every picture about the
observations you have noticed. Print and paste the pictures on your group portfolio and
submit it to your TLE teacher.

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 ANSWER KEY

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED

WHAT I KNOW
1. /
1. DIRECT PLANTING
2. X
2. IMBIBITION
3. RADICLE
3. /
4. HYPOCOTYL 4. X
5. COTYLEDON 5. X
6. WATER 6. /
7. SEED SOWING 7. X
8. SEED DORMANCY 8. X
9. INDIRECT PLANTING 9. X
10. SEED GERMINATION 10. /

WHAT I CAN DO

Outputs may vary.

ASSESSMENT

1. A.
2. B
3. B WHAT ‘S MORE
4. B Activity 1
5. B
6. B 1. 
7. D
8. C
2. 
9. B 3. 
10. A 4. 
11. C
12. D
5. 
13. C
14. C Activity 2
15. B
Answers may vary.

ADDITIONAL ACTIVITY

Outputs may vary.

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REFERENCES
https://www.canva.com/design/DAEuFlvUw1k/gml_rpnSVll8zRm_lcMEog/view?
utm_content=DAEuFlvUw1k&utm_campaign=designshare&utm_medium=link&utm_source=
homepage_design_menu
Brennan , Eugene, “Gardening For Beginners: 10 Easy Steps to Sowing Seeds “
dengarden”. Last Updated on May 11, 2020 https://dengarden.com/gardening/How-
to-Sow-Seeds
Iannoti , Marie, “What is Direct Seeding of Direct Sowing ? “the spruce”. Last
Updated October 24,2019. www.thespruce.com/what-is-direct-seeding-or-direct-
sowing-1403094
Study.com, “What is Seed Germination? – Definition , Process, Steps & Factors
https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-seed-germination-definition-process-
steps-factors.html
http://seednet.ap.nic.in/Stl/htmlpages/GerminationTesting.htm
Department of Education ,Competency- Based Learning Material, Third Year
Horticulture NC II.
Colleen Vanerlindin, “ How To Determine The Proper Depth To Plant, Seed. The
spruce. Updated October 18, 2019. https://www.thespruce.com/how-deeply-should-
seeds-be-planted-2539711¬
Anon. 2011. Agricultural Ventures Series 1. Volume 1: M.L. Antonio Enterprise,
Manila, Philippines.
Bautista, O. K. and R.C.Mabesa. 1977. Planting Vegetable Crops. In: Vegetable
Production. University of the Philippines at Los Banos, College of Agriculture,
College, Laguna, Philippines.
Calacala, C. 1977. Lectures Notes in Agronomy 11. Nueva Vizcaya State Institute of
Technology, Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya, Philippines.
INGO. 2005. Resource Manual on Integrated Production and Pest Management
(IPPM) in Vegetables. World Education (INGO) Philippines, Inc., 2999 National
Road, Anos, Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines.
http://extension.umass.edu/floriculture/fact-sheets/growing-vegetable-transplants-
and-bedding-plants-media-nutrition-planting-culture-pest#nutrient. Retrieved March
2, 2014.
http://www.nutrition-and-you.com/tomato.html. Retrieved March 3, 2014.
http://www.nutrition-and-you.com/potato.html. Retrieved March 3, 2014.

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(Office Address)
Telefax
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