TAGORE GROUP OF SCHOOLS

Class : VII SCIENCE (Term-II) : 2023-24

Assertion & Reason based and Case Study questions
Instructions:
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explaination of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explaination of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(d) Assertion is false but reason is true.

Chapter-1 : Physical and Chemical Changes

1. Assertion (A) : Change of water from liquid to steam on heating is a physical change.
Reason (R) : This change involves a change in chemical composition of water.
2. Assertion (A) : Formation of rust is a chemical change.
Reason (R) : For formation of rust, iron must be exposed to air and water.
3. Assertion (A) : Burning of paper is a physical change.
Reason (R) : The products formed on burning of paper cannot be converted back to paper.
4. Assertion (A) : Blue colour of copper sulphate solution changes on addition of a piece of zinc.
Reason (R) : Zinc is above copper in activity series.
5. Assertion (A) : Breaking of a bone china plate is a physical change.
Reason (R) : When a bone china plate breaks, no new substance is formed.
6. Assertion (A) : Coating an iron sheet with a layer of zinc is called galvanisation.
Reason (R) : The process of conversion of iron to iron oxide in the presence of moisture
and air is called rusting.
7. Assertion (A) : Ca(OH)2 + CO2 CaCO3 + H2O
Reason (R) : Lime water turns milky due to the formation of a new substance i.e. calcium
carbonate.
8. Assertion (A) : Burning of paper is a chemical change.
Reason (R) : New substances are formed during burning of paper.
9. Assertion (A) : Taps and bicycle handles are usually chromium plated.
Reason (R) : Coating a layer of chromium prevents rusting of iron articles.
10. Assertion (A) : Burning of coal is a physical change.
Reason (R) : When coal is burnt the chief component carbon is changed to carbon dioxide.
This process can not be reversed.

Case Study Questions

1. Riya was playing with a piece of paper. Her elder brother, folded that paper a number of times
and it took the shape of an aeroplane. Riya was very happy to see that and enjoyed playing with
that aeroplane. Next day, her brother made a boat of the same paper.
(a) Identify the type of change, paper undergoes according to the above incident.
(b) Mention any two other examples for the same kind of change.
(c) Give any two reasons to justify your answer for part (a).

2. A change with which we are quite familiar is the rusting of iron. Almost every iron object kept
in the open gets rusted slowly. In the kitchen a wet iron pan often gets rusted if left in that state
for some time.
(a) Define rusting.
(b) Give chemical name and formula of rust.
 (c) Identify and define the type of change.
(d) Can you name any other metal which often gets corroded and acquires a green coating?

3. The reaction of copper sulphate with iron produced two new substances.
The reaction is given below :­
CuSO4 (aq) + Fe (s) FeSO4 (aq) + Cu (s)
(a) Mention the colour change taking place in the above reaction.
(b) What will be the reaction if a piece of copper metal is added to iron sulphate solution?
(c) Give a chemical equation which involves the formation of CO2 gas.
(d) What is the type of reaction taking place in the above given example?

Chapter 10 : Respiration in Organisms

1. Assertion (A) : When muscle cells in humans respire anaerobically cramps occur.
Reason (R) : Accumulation of lactic acid causes cramps.
2. Assertion (A) : Breathing in and out is a simple physical process.
Reason (R) : Breathing occurs only in animals and not in plants.
3. Assertion (A) : When we breathe rapidly, we inhale air rich in CO2 gas.
Reason (R) : When we inhale air it passes through the nasal cavity.
4. Assertion (A) : Yeast is a single celled organism that respire anaerobically.
Reason (R) : Yeast is used to produce wine and beer.
5. Assertion (A) : The breakdown of glucose occurs in the cell of an organism.
Reason (R) : In aerobic respiration, more energy is produced as compared to anaerobic
respiration.
6. Assertion (A) : During exercise food breaks down by anaerobic respiration.
Reason (R) : When the supply of oxygen is insufficient, anaerobic respiration occurs.
7. Assertion (A) : Plants and animals consume oxygen for respiration and produce CO2.
Reason (R) : Smoke contains a few gases and fine dust particles and is often harmful.
8. Assertion (A) : Breathing rate in aquatic animals is high.
Reason (R) : Availability of dissolved oxygen in water is high.
9. Assertion (A) : During the process of respiration, Oxygen is utilised and CO2, H2O and energy
is released as products.
Reason (R) : The combustion reaction does not require Oxygen.
10. Assertion (A) : Aerobic respiration involves the exchange of respiratory gases twice.
Reason (R) : Exchange occurs from lung to heart and the heart to lung.

Case Study Questions

1. A cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism. Each cell of an organism
performs certain functions such as nutrition, transport, excretion and reproduction. To
perform these functions, the cell needs energy. Even when we are eating sleeping or reading
we require energy. This energy is released during respiration. Therefore, all living organisms
respire to get energy from food.
(a) Name the products formed during respiration.
(b) Differentiate between breathing and respiration.
(c) Name the muscular sheet like structure in human respiratory system.
(d) Does plants also respire ?
2. Cramps occur when muscle cells respire anaerobically. The partial breakdown of glucose
produces lactic acid. The accumulation of lactic acid cause muscle cramps. We get relief from
cramps after a hot water bath or a massage.
(a) Name the type of respiration discussed above.
(b) How a how water bath or massage helps in getting relief from cramps.
(c) For the process answered in part (a) give a chemical equation.

3. A breath means one inhalation plus one exhalation. On an average, an adult human being at
rest breathes in and out 15 – 18 times a minute. While we exercise, we take deep breaths.
(a) What can be the breathing rate during exercise?
(b) Why deep breaths are taken, while we exercise?
(c) Differentiate between breathing rate and heart beat.

Chapter-14 : Electric Current and its Effects

1. Assertion (A) : Bulb filament is made of tungsten.
Reason (R) : The filament should have low melting point.
2. Assertion (A) : Fuse is a safety device which prevents damages to electrical circuits and
possible fires.
Reason (R) : The fuse wire blows off and breaks the circuit and prevents fire and damage.
3. Assertion (A) : Copper is widely used in electrical appliances.
Reason (R) : It is a very good conductor of electricity.
4. Assertion (A) : It is fatal to touch a live wire bare feet and uncovered hands.
Reason (R) : The electric current passes through the body to the earth forming a circuit.
5. Assertion (A) : Copper rods are preferred to iron rods for making lightning conductors.
Reason (R) : Copper is a better conductor of electricity.
6. Assertion (A) : When electric current flows through a wire, it behaves like a magnet.
Reason (R) : Heating effect of electric current is the only effect caused by electric current.
7. Assertion (A) : Steel core is used in an electromagnet.
Reason (R) : Steel gets permanently magnetized when the current flows through the coil
wound around.
8. Assertion (A) : Battery is a combination of two cells only.
Reason (R) : The positive and negative terminals are generally marked on the cells.
9. Assertion (A) : Various electrical appliances are based on heating effect of electric current.
Reason (R) : A coil of wire called element get heated up due to heating effect of electric
current.
10. Assertion (A) : The magnetism disappears as soon as current passing through a current
carrying wire is switched off.
Reason (R) : An electromagnet is a temporary magnet.

Case Study Questions

1. We use various appliances based on heating effect of current in our daily life. Some such
appliances are electric room heater, hot plates etc. All these contain a coil of wire called
element.
Answer the following questions :­
(a) Name any two appliances bases on heating effect of electric current. (other than those
mentioned above)
(b) Define heating effect of electric current.
(c) Name the factors on which the amount of heat produced in a wire depends.
2. In everyday life, the word electricity and electric current are used in the same sense. There is
another source of electricity, i.e. electric cell and battery. Now in order to obtain electricity
from a cell or battery, we have to connect it into a circuit.
(a) Differentiate between a cell and a battery.
(b) Draw a circuit using wires, bulb, switch and a battery.
(c) What are the two types of circuits?
(d) How two cells should be connected in order to make a battery?

3. A safety device which works on the heating effect of current and prevents electric fire or
damage to electrical appliances due to excessive flow of current is know as fuse. This device
consists of a thin wire having a low melting point. It melts when the current in the circuit
suddenly increases too much. This breaks the circuit and the current flowing in the circuit will
stop.
(a) Identify the effect of electric current on which a fuse works.
(b) Write the composition of fuse wire.
(c) Mention two conditions under which extremely large current can flow in a household current.

Chapter – 16 : Transportation in Plants and Animals

1. Assertion (A) : Arteries have thick elastic wall.
Reason (R) : In arteries blood flow is rapid and at high pressure.
2. Assertion (A) : Pulmonary artery carries impure blood to the lungs.
Reason (R) : Pulmonary vein carries impure blood from lungs to the heart.
3. Assertion (A) : Heart is a tissue which acts as a pump.
Reason (R) : Heart is roughly the size of a human fist.
4. Assertion (A) : Rhythmic beating of various chambers of the heart maintains circulation of
blood
Reason (R) : Arteries contain oxygenated blood.
5. Assertion (A) : There are two types of cells are the RBC’s and WBC’s.
Reason (R) : RBC contain a red pigment haemoglobin and WBC fight against germs which
enter our body.
6. Assertion (A) : The doctor feels the heart beats with the help of an instruments stethoscope.
Reason (R) : A stethoscope is used to amplify the sound of heart.
7. Assertion (A) : The animals like sponges and hydra do not posses any circulatory system.
Reason (R) : They are small animals, therefore do not have circulatory system.
8. Assertion (A) : A lot of water is lost by plants in the form of vapours through stomata.
Reason (R) : Transportation generates a force which pulls up water to great heights in tall
trees.
9. Assertion (A) : Urea is the main excretory product in humans.
Reason (R) : Kidneys are a part of human excretory system.
10. Assertion (A) : Human body produces highly toxic substances, which if not eliminated may
cause death.
Reason (R) : Excretion remove nitrogenous waste from the body.

Case Study Questions

1. Circulatory System or blood circulatory system is the main transport system in human beings
and animals. It makes food, water and oxygen available to every part of the body and helps in
removing waste. The circulatory system consists of blood, blood vessels and heart.
(a) Name the waste products in human which are excreted out of the body.
 (b) Name the fluid component of blood and the organ that pumps blood.
(c) Why blood is red in colour?
(d) Name the component of blood which helps body fight against injection.

2. When our body uses food, water and air, it produces some by – products or unwanted
substances. These are called waste materials. These waste materials are toxic or poisonous and
causes harm to the body.
The organs involved in removal of these waste materials, makes up the excretory system.
(a) Name the major waste product released in our body.
(b) Mention the organs of human excretory system.
(c) Define excretion.
(d) Name the excretory product in fishes and lizards.

3. Plants take up water and dissolved minerals from the soil through their roots and transport it
to their leaves. The leaves use this water and minerals for synthesising their food by the
process called photosynthesis. The food produced by green plants is transported back to all the
parts of the plant body.
Therefore, it is clear that plants also need a transport system for carrying water,
minerals and food through various parts of their body.
(a) Name the tissues that help in transporting food and water through a plant.
(b) Define the process that creates a suction pull to draw water to great heights in tall trees.
(c) What is the function of root hair?

Chapter-12 : Reproduction in plants

1. Assertion (A) : Seeds germinate and form new plants.
Reason (R) : A spore germinates and develops into a new individual.
2. Assertion (A) : There are 2 types of reproduction sexual and asexual.
Reason (R) : In sexual reproduction only single parent is involved.
3. Assertion (A) : Bryophyllum reproduces by roots
Reason (R) : A plant can reproduce by roots.
4. Assertion (A) : Mode of reproduction in spirogyra in fragmentation.
Reason (R) : Mature algae breaks up into one or more fragments each of which grow into
new individual.
5. Assertion (A) : Spores are asexual reproductive bodies.
Reason (R) : Spore are not seeds.
6. Assertion (A) : Pollen grains have a tough protective coat.
Reason (R) : Pollen grains are found in ovary.
7. Assertion (A) : The zygote can not develop into an embryo.
Reason (R) : The process of fusion of male and female gamete is called fertilization.
8. Assertion (A) : A seed is a reproductive body.
Reason (R) : The seed contains an embryo enclosed in a protective seed coat.
9. Assertion (A) : Papaya has a bisexual flower.
Reason (R) : Papaya has both male and female reproductive parts in same flower.
10. Assertion (A) : Coconut seeds are dispersed by water.
Reason (R) : coconut is spongy and has floating ability.
 Case Study Questions
1. Nature has managed each and every thing even seeds. Seeds and fruits of plants are carried
away by wind, water and animals. Light seeds like of drumstick, maple have wings, seeds of
grass, Madar (Oak) get blown off with wind. Some seeds are spongy or having fibrous outer
coat as coconut are dispersed by water. The seeds with hooks get attached to bodies of animals
are carried to distance places. Examples are Xamthium and urena.
(i) Name 2 methods of seeds dispersal.
(ii) Name the seed which can dispersed by animals.
(iii) Which characteristic make the seeds dispersed by water.
(iv) Which seed can blown off with wind?

2. Cell which is produced after fusion of gamets is called a zygote. Fusion of mall and female
gamets to form zygote is called fertilization. Zygate develops into an embryo.
(i) Which mode of reproduction involves zygote formation?
(ii) Name the cell produced after fusion of male and female game.
(iii) Which part of flower produce male gametes?
(iv) name one flower which can produce both male and female gamets?

3. Since 2002, farmers in Odisha have seen noticing that fewer bees visit their fields each year.
Not only the farmers the reports of bee colonies collapsing have been evident around the world
since 2006. As the bees are pollinators, they help in transfer pollen for fertilization. In absence
of these pollinators, productivity night decline as much as 80% for some plants species. The
main reason behind decrease in number of bees is pesticides like neonicotenoids. Being
exposed to pesticide bees lose their sense of smell and can not return to their lives that leads to
their starvation and death.
(i) Why bees are useful?
(ii) Why the number of bees of decreasing?
(iii) In which kind of pollination, bees are helpful?
(iv) Name 2 types of pollination.

Chapter – 15 : Light
1. Assertion (A) : Light travels in a straight line.
Reason (R) : Light can not pass through a bent pipe.
2. Assertion (A) : Any polished or a shiny surface can act as a mirror.
Reason (R) : A polished surface can reflect the maximum extent of light.
3. Assertion (A) : Plane mirror forms real image.
Reason (R) : The image formed on plane mirror can not be obtained on a screen.
4. Assertion (A) : White light is made up of seven colours.
Reason (R) : A prism can not split sunlight into its colours.
5. Assertion (A) : The curved shining surface of a spoon acts as a mirror.
Reason (R) : Convex is a type of spherical mirror.
6. Assertion (A) : Convex mirror is used as side view mirror.
Reason (R) : Convex mirror can form images of objects spread over a large area.
7. Assertion (A) : Convex lens is thicker at the middle and thinner at the edges.
Reason (R) : Concave lens is inner at the middle and thicker at the edges.
8. Assertion (A) : Convex lens is called converging lens.
Reason (R) : Convex lens converges the light falling on it.
9. Assertion (A) : Dentists use concave mirror.
Reason (R) : Concave mirror always forms an enlarged image.
10. Assertion (A) : When we see our right hand in plane mirror, it also appears right in the
image.
Reason (R) : Plane mirror shows laterally inverted image.

Case Study Questions

1. Rahul is a student of science. One day he was observing a wall painting in which sunlight is
coming in a straight line from the sun. Some of the sunlight is blocked by the trees and forming
dark patches of the trees on the ground. There is a water body also in the painting. On the
surface of water, it appears as the trees are lighting painted.
(i) How light travels?
(ii) What name should be given to the dark patches of trees on the ground?
(iii) What kind of objects light can pass through?
(iv) Water surface on which trees are forming can be called ____________.
OR
Trees are looking on the water is an example of real image or virtual image?

2. Akshat was standing in front of mirror. He raised his right hand but in mirror it was appearing
as he is raising the left hand. Then he stepped back he saw the image was also going back
inside the mirror. He was very surprised and shocked also. He saw the size of image was
appearing equal as he was, but not understanding why left is appearing right.
(i) Can you guess the nature of mirror?
(ii) Name the phenomenon in which left appears right and right appears left?
(iii) Write one property of image formed in plane mirrors.
(iv) If Akshat is 20 cm away from the mirror at what distance image will be from the mirror?

3. Have you noticed the colours in a rainbow in the sky after it stops raining? It is one of the
excellent examples of splitting of light that happens naturally. After the rain, tiny droplets
suspended in the atmosphere act as small prism. When white sunlight falls on them, it splits
into seven colours. Do you know we can mix these seven colours to form white light? Like in
Newton’s disc, which save seven colours painted on it and rotating at certain speed, they
appear white.
(i) Name the phenomenon of rainbow formation?
(ii) Name the colours present in rainbow?
(iii) What happens to the light when it passes through the tiny droplets of rain?
(iv) What happen if seven colours are mixed together?

Chapter – 18 : Waste Water Story

1. Assertion (A) : Used water is waste water.
Reason (R) : Waste water could be reused.
2. Assertion (A) : Untreated human excreta is a health hazard.
Reason (R) : Untreated human excreta cause water pollution and soil pollution.
3. Assertion (A) : We should throw waste oil and fats in the dustbin.
Reason (R) : Throwing waste in open drains do not block the pipe.
4. Assertion (A) : We celebrate world water day on 22 March.
Reason (R) : Clean drinking water is available to all.
5. Assertion (A) : Treatment of waste water involves only biological process.
Reason (R) : Solid waste settled at the bottom is sludge.
6. Assertion (A) : Eucalyptus trees are planted along sewage pond
Reason (R) : Eucalyptus trees absorb surplus waste water rapidly.
7. Assertion (A) : Waste water treatment plants recycle waste water.
Reason (R) : The network of sewers is known as sewerage.
8. Assertion (A) : We should not consume contaminated water.
Reason (R) : Vermi processing toilets use chemicals.
9. Assertion (A) : We should not excrete in open.
Reason (R) : Poor sanitation and contaminated water cause a number of disease.
10. Assertion (A) : Soft toys, tea leaves, paints and oils should not be thrown in the drain.
Reason (R) : These wastes choke the drain.

Case Study Questions

1. While travelling through a bus. Sohan saw a water body, which was almost full of plastic
bottles, scrap, wooden things. It was giving a foul smell also. He was thinking while his
travelling about how this water can be made useful. He had heard about the scarcity of water in
so many places. Can you help him?
(i) Is such water fit for consumption?
(ii) Where such contaminated water is treated or purified?
(iii) Name any one water born disease.
(iv) How water is polluted or contaminated?

2. The Delhi Government is building India’s largest sewage treatment plant (STP) in Okhla
subdivision of Delhi. In general waste water treatment plant follows the common steps like
screening that removes large objects like rages, cans, sticks etc. Grit and sand removal is
followed then sedimentation is done where suspended solid settle down and form sludge. Then
aeration and chlorination is done. Dried sludge can be used as manner. Chlorinatid is done to
kill microbes.
(i) Where the largest sewage treatment plant is building in India?
(ii) Why screening is done?
(iii) Can we use the waste water after undergoing treatment?
(iii) What is the use of sludge?
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