‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬

‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﳏﺎﻛﺎﺓ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺑﺴﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﺍﺝ ﺍﳌﻨﲑ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ﺳﻨﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟـ‪ simulink‬ﰲ‬
‫ﻗﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬

‫ﳏﺎﻛﺎﺓ ﺧﻂ ﻧﻘﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ‪:‬‬

‫ﻟﻨﻔﺮﺽ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳋﻂ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ ﻭﻧﺮﻳﺪ ﲤﺜﻴﻠﻪ ‪:‬‬

‫ﻧﻔﺘﺢ ﻧﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟـ‪ simulink‬ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫‪.١‬‬

‫ﻧﺴﺤﺐ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺟﻬﺪ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻭﺏ ‪ AC Voltage Source‬ﻭﻋﻨﺼﺮﻳﻦ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟــ‬ ‫‪.٢‬‬
‫‪ Parallel RLC Branch‬ﻭﻋﻨﺼﺮ ‪ PI Section Line‬ﺍﳌﻮﺟـﻮﺩ ﰲ ﻣﻜﺘﺒـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟـ‪ elements‬ﻭﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﻣﻦ ‪Series RLC Load‬‬

‫ﳓﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ‪ Parallel RLC Branch‬ﺇﱃ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻭﻧﺴﻤﻴﻬﺎ ‪Rs_eq‬‬ ‫‪.٣‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﻴﻤﺔ ‪R =2‬‬

‫ـﻜﻞ ‪:‬‬
‫ـﻮﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸـ‬‫ـﻲ ﻣﻮﺟـ‬ ‫ـﺎ ﻫـ‬‫ـﺎﱐ ﻛﻤـ‬ ‫ـﺮ ﺍﻟﺜـ‬
‫ـﻴﻢ ﻟﻠﻌﻨﺼـ‬‫ـﻞ ﺍﻟﻘـ‬‫ﳒﻌـ‬ ‫‪.٤‬‬

‫‪R=180‬‬
‫‪L=62.525 mh‬‬
‫‪C=117.84 µf‬‬
‫‪ .٥‬ﳒﻌﻞ ﻗﻴﻢ ‪ Series RLC Load‬ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ ‪:‬‬
‫‪Vn 424.4e3*2^0.5 V‬‬

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‫‪١‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫‪Fn‬‬ ‫‪60 Hz‬‬

‫‪P‬‬ ‫)‪110e6/300 W (quality factor = 300‬‬
‫‪QL‬‬ ‫‪110e6 vars‬‬
‫‪Qc‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪ .٦‬ﻭﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﻟﺘﺼﺒﺢ ﻛﺎﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﻵﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺃﺻﺒﺤﺖ ﺟﺎﻫﺰﺓ ﻟﻜﻦ ﻳﻨﻘﺼﻬﺎ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﻭﺭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﻋﺎﻣﻞ‬
‫ﺿﺮﺏ ‪ gain‬ﲡﺪﻩ ﰲ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ‪Math operation‬‬

‫ﺷﻐﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﻭﻣﻦ ﰒ ﺍﺿﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻠﻮﻛﺔ ‪ powergui‬ﻣﺮﺗﲔ‬

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‫‪٢‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬.‫ﻡ‬

Steady-State Voltages and Currents ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺿﻐﻂ‬

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٣
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻘﺮﺃﻫﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺱ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻘﻴﺎﺳﲔ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻮﻳﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﺍﻭﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﻫﻲ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻠﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻜﺜﻒ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ‬
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‫‪٤‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﺍﳊﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺩﺩ ﻭﺍﳌﻤﺎﻧﻌﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ Impedance‬ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺤﺐ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ ﺑﻠﻮﻛﺔ ‪Measurement‬‬

‫ﺗﻘﻴﺲ ﺍﳌﻤﺎﻧﻌﺎﺕ ﻭﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳊﻤﻞ ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪:‬‬

‫‪Impedance vs Frequency‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﻘﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻠﻮﻛﺔ ‪ powergui‬ﻭﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﺭ‬

‫‪ Measurement‬ﻟﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫‪display/save‬‬ ‫ﺿﻊ ﻣﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺩﺩ ‪ range‬ﻣﻦ ‪ ٠‬ﺇﱃ ‪ ١٥٠٠‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﰒ ﺍﺿﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺯﺭ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ ‪:‬‬

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‫‪٥‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﻟﻨﺎ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻴﲔ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻳﻌﱪ ﻋﻦ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﺎﻧﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺩﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺜـﺎﱐ ﺯﺍﻭﻳـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻤﺎﻧﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺩﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻵﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺩﺕ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺃﻛﱪ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻝ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﺋﻤـﺔ ‪ Tools‬ﺍﳋﻴـﺎﺭ ‪data‬‬

‫‪ cursor‬ﻟﻴﻨﺸﺄ ﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺳﻮﺩﺍﺀ ﺗﺴﲑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﲏ ﺗﻌﻄﻴﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺩﺩ ﻭﺍﳌﻤﺎﻧﻌﺔ‬

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‫‪٦‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺀ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺟﺰﺋﻲ ‪:‬‬

‫ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺑﺘﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻋﺪﺓ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺑﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻳﻜﺎﻓﺌﻬﺎ ﲤﺎﻣﺎ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﺘﺒﺴﻴﻂ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﻭﻟﻠﻘﻴﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ‪ RS_Eq‬ﻭ ‪ Parallel RLC Branch1‬ﰒ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﺋﻤـﺔ ‪ edit‬ﺍﳋﻴـﺎﺭ‬
‫‪ Create subsystem‬ﻻﺣﻆ ﻛﻴﻒ ﲢﻮﻟﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﻛﺘﲔ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻠﻮﻛﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ‬

‫ﺍﻵﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻧﻘﺮﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺮﺗﲔ ﺳﺘﺠﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺑﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﺬﺍﻥ ﻛﺎﻓﺄﻧﺎﳘـﺎ‬
‫ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ‬

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‫‪٧‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫‪ Mask subsystem ----‬ﻟﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﻟﻚ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫ﺣﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﺍﺫﻫﺐ ﺇﱃ‬

‫ﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﰲ ‪: drawing command‬‬

‫)'‪disp('Equivalent\nCircuit‬‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺰ ‪ \n‬ﻟﻼﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﺴﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺫﺍﻙ ﺍﺿﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ok‬ﻟﻴﺼﺒﺢ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﻛﺔ ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ ‪:‬‬

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‫‪٨‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫‪Show drop shadow --- format‬‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﻇﻞ ﻟﻠﺒﻠﻮﻛﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ ﺇﱃ‬

‫ﳏﺎﻛﺎﺓ ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺑﺮﺓ ‪:‬‬

‫ﺳﻨﻀﻴﻒ ﻗﺎﻃﻊ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﺭﺓ ‪ Breaker‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ ‪:‬‬
‫‪SimPowerSystems ------------ Elements ------ Breaker‬‬
‫ﺿﻌﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﻟﺘﺼﺒﺢ ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ ‪:‬‬

‫ﺇﻥ ﻗﺎﻃﻊ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ‪ Breaker circuit‬ﻫﻮ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﻻﺧﻄﻲ ﻳﻮﺻﻞ ﻣﻌﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﺴﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﻧﻈـﺮﺍ‬
‫ﻹﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺢ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﻣﻨﻤﺬﺝ ﲝﻴﺚ ﻻﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﳍﺎ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺮ ﻟﻜﻨﻚ ﺗﺴـﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺗﻀﻊ ﳍﺎ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ﻻ ﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﻭﻓﺎﻋﻠﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺳﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻛﺎﻵﰐ ‪:‬‬
‫‪Ron‬‬ ‫‪0.001‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬
‫‪Initial state‬‬ ‫)‪0 (open‬‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﻣﻐﻠﻖ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺡ‬

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‫‪٩‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫‪Rs‬‬ ‫‪inf‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻤﻴﺪ ﻹﻟﻐﺎﺀ ﺗﺄﺛﲑﻫﺎ ﺿﻊ ﻗﻴﻤﺘـﻬﺎ‬

‫ﻻ‪‬ﺎﻳﺔ‬
‫‪Cs‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺜﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻤﻴﺪ ﻹﻟﻐﺎﺀ ﺗﺄﺛﲑﻩ ﺿﻊ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻪ ﺻﻔﺮ‬

‫]‪Switching times [(1/60)/4‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺒﻘﻰ ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺣﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻈﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺣﺪﺩﻧﺎﻫﺎ ﺳﻴﻐﻠﻖ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ‬

‫ﺍﻵﻥ ﺍﺿﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳋﺮﺝ ﻭﺍﺿﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻳﻘﻮﻧﺔ ‪ parameters‬ﻭﺍﺧﺘﺎﺭ‬
‫‪ data history‬ﺍﺿﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ Save data to workspace‬ﻭﲰـﻲ ﺍﳌـﺘﻐﲑ ﺑﺎﺳـﻢ ‪ a‬ﻭﻏـﲑ‬
‫‪ array‬ﻭﺃﺯﻝ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺻﺢ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲜﺎﻧﺐ ‪Limit rows to last‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟـ ‪ format‬ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﺇﻥ ‪ save data to work space‬ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﲝﻔﻆ ﻗﻴﻢ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﰲ ﻣﺘﻐﲑ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﻪ ﻫﻨﺎ ﺍﲰﻪ ‪ a‬ﻭﻧﻄﻠﺐ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻪ ﺃﻥ ﳛﻔﻈﻪ ﻛﺸﻌﺎﻉ ﺃﻱ ﻣﺼﻔﻮﻓﺔ ﺑﻌﻤﻮﺩﻳﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻳﻌﱪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻋـﻦ ﻗـﻴﻢ‬
‫ﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﳍﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﻐﻴﲑ ﺍﻟـ‪ solver‬ﺇﱃ ‪ ode23tb‬ﻭﺍﺟﻌﻞ ﻣﺪﺓ ﺍﶈﺎﻛﺎﺓ ‪٠.٠٢‬ﺍﻵﻥ ﻗـﻢ ﺑﺘﺸـﻐﻴﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﺫﻫﺐ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟـ‪ command window‬ﻭﺍﻛﺘﺐ ‪ a‬ﺳﺘﺮﻯ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺍﻧﺴﺪﻝ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺗﺒﺪﺃ‬
‫ﺑﺼﻔﺮ ﻭﺗﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺑـ‪ ٠.٠٢‬ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻳﻌﻄﻴﻚ ﺟﻬﺪ ﺍﳋﺮﺝ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻈﺎﺕ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺩﺕ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺗﺮﺳﻢ ﻣﻨﺤﲏ ﺍﳋﺮﺝ ﺗﻜﺘﺐ ﰲ ﺍﻟـ‪command window‬‬
‫))‪>> plot(a(:,1),a(:,2‬‬
‫ﻓﺘﺠﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ ‪:‬‬

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 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﺍﻵﻥ ﺳﻨﻌﻮﺩ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﻟﻨﻐﲑ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﳋﻄﻮﻁ ﺇﱃ ‪ ١٠‬ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﺘﻐﲑ ‪ a‬ﺣﻮﻟـﻪ ﺇﱃ ‪ b‬ﻭﺍﻛﺘـﺐ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻟـ‪ command window‬ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ ‪:‬‬
‫))‪>> plot(a(:,1),a(:,2),b(:,1),b(:,2‬‬

‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟـ‪:PI Section Line‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ ﻳﺒﲔ ﺩﺍﺭﺗﻪ‪:‬‬

‫ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻞ ﳋﻄﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫‪Nn‬‬
‫= ‪fmax‬‬
‫‪8l‬‬
‫‪ : N‬ﻋﺪﺩ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ‬
‫‪:n‬ﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﻭﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ ‪:‬‬

‫‪n = 1/ LC‬‬
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 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ L‬ﻭ ‪ C‬ﺑﺎﳍﻨﺮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﻭﻓﺎﺭﺍﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﻣﺘﺮ‬

‫‪:‬ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﳋﻂ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮ ﻣﺘﺮ‬ ‫‪l‬‬
‫ﻃﺮﻕ ﳏﺎﻛﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫‪Solution‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟـﺬﻱ ﺣﻠﻠﻨـﺎ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﺍﻟـﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺴـﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫‪-١‬‬
‫‪Continuous‬‬
‫‪Discrete Solution‬‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫‪-٢‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭﻱ ‪Phasor Solution‬‬ ‫‪-٣‬‬

‫ﳌﺎﺫﺍ ﺍﶈﺎﻛﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭﻳﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﻨﺖ ﺗﺮﻏﺐ ﺑﺎﳊﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺇﻏﻼﻕ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﺃﻭ ﻓﺘﺤﻪ ﻓﺈﻥ‬
‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻷﻓﻀﻞ ﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﻔﻴﺪﺓ ﰲ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻌـﺎﺑﺮﺓ ﻋﻨـﺪ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﻮﻟﺪﺍﺕ ﻭﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﻛﺒﲑﺓ ﻭﳓﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻧﺮﻏﺐ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺘـﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻻﻫﺘـﺰﺍﺯﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﻭﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺟﺔ ﻋﻦ ﳏﺎﺭﺿﺔ ﺍﶈﺮﻙ‬

‫ﺍﳊﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭﻱ ‪:‬‬

‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻗﻢ ﺑﺈﻧﺸﺎﺋﻬﺎ ‪:‬‬

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 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬.‫ﻡ‬

‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﻫﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺛﻼﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭ ﳓﺎﻭﻝ ﲤﺜﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﲞﻂ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﳍﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ‬

: ‫ﺍﳌﻮﻟﺪ‬
Amplitude 132.8e+003*sqrt(2)
Phase 90
Frequency 60

: Rs Ls ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬
Resistance 2.645
Inductance 70.2e-3
: C1 ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬
Capacitance 0.967e-06
: RL1 ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬
Resistance 5.2
Inductance 138e-3
: C2 ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬
Capacitance 0.967e-06
: Breaker
Ron 0.01
Initial state 1
Rs inf
Cs 0
Switching times [ 2/60 7/60 ]
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 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﺇﻥ ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻭﺿﻌﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﻠـ‪ breaker‬ﻫﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻐﻠﻖ ﻭﺳﻴﻈﻞ ﻣﻐﻠﻘﺎ ﺣﱴ ﳝﻀـﻲ‬
‫‪ ٦٠/٢‬ﺃﻱ ﺩﻭﺭﻳﻦ ﻹﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﻫﻮ ‪ ٦٠/١‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺳﻴﻔﺘﺢ ﺣﱴ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ ‪ ٦٠/٧‬ﻭﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺳﻴﻌﻮﺩ‬
‫ﻟﻺﻏﻼﻕ‬
‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﲜﻌﻞ ﺯﻣﻦ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ‪ ٠.٢‬ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ‪ solver‬ﻫـﻮ‬
‫‪ ode23tb‬ﺍﻵﻥ ﺷﻐﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺇﱃ ﺭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺳﺘﺠﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ ‪:‬‬

‫ﻻﺣﻆ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻧﻌﺪﻡ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻓﺘﺮﺓ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﺎﺑﺮﺓ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺇﻏﻼﻗﻪ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‬
‫ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﱂ ﻳﻨﻌﺪﻡ ﺑﻞ ﺗﺸﻮﻫﺖ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺗﻪ ﻹﻧﻨﺎ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻧﻘﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻵﻥ ﻧﻜﻮﻥ ﻗﺪ ﺣﻠﻠﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻓﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﻋﻦ ﳏﺎﻛﺎ‪‬ﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺍﺿﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻠﻮﻛﺔ ‪ powergui‬ﻣﺮﺗﲔ ﻭﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﳊﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭﻱ ﻭﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺩﺩ ﲝﻴﺚ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺎ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺮﺩﺩ ﺍﳌﻮﻟﺪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺳﻴﺒﻘﻰ ‪ ٦٠‬ﻫﺮﺗﺰ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻗﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻠﻮﻛﺔ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺍﳌﻘﻴﺎﺳﲔ ﻣﺮﺗﲔ ﻟﺘﻐـﻴﲑ‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻓﺮﺓ ﺇﱃ ﺭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ‬

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 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﻻﺣﻆ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﺧﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬

‫· ‪ Complex‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﻟﻺﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪﻳﺔ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﺭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻻ ﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪﻳﺔ‬
‫· ‪ Real-Imag‬ﺃﻱ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﲢﻠﻞ ﺇﱃ ﻗﻴﻢ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻋﻘﺪﻳﺔ‬
‫· ‪ Magnitude-Angle‬ﺃﻱ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﲢﻠﻞ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻄﺎﻝ ﻭﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ‬
‫· ‪ Magnitude‬ﻣﻄﺎﻝ ﻓﻘﻂ‬
‫ﺳﻨﺨﺘﺎﺭ ﻫﻨﺎ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻝ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻟﻜﻼ ﺍﳌﻘﻴﺎﺳﲔ‬
‫ﺷﻐﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺇﱃ ﺭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ‬

‫ﻻﺣﻆ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﻳﺒﲔ ﻟﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻄﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻗﺪ ﺍﻧﻌﺪﻡ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﻭﺃﻥ ﻣﻄـﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ ﻗﺪ ﺍﺯﺩﺍﺩ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻓﺘﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﱂ ﻧﻠﺤﻆ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﺎﺑﺮﺓ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺭﺃﻳﻚ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺗﲔ ﰲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﳊﻞ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻭﺍﳊﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﰲ ﻧﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺍﻟـ‪command window‬‬
‫;‪>> t=ucont.time‬‬
‫;‪>> i_load=ucont.signals(1).values‬‬
‫‪00 963 31 2 471 285-00963 966 344 685‬‬ ‫‪www.sec1428.com‬‬
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 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬.‫ﻡ‬

>> u_load=ucont.signals(2).values;
>> tphase=uphase.time;
>> i_loadphase=uphase.signals(1).values;
>> u_loadphase=uphase.signals(2).values;
>> plot(t,i_load,tphase,i_loadphase)

>> plot(t,u_load,tphase,u_loadphase)

00 963 31 2 471 285-00963 966 344 685 www.sec1428.com

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 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﲢﻠﻴﻞ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺇﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ‪:‬‬

‫ﺳﻨﺒﺪﺃ ﻣﺴﺘﻌﻴﻨﲔ ﺑﺎﷲ ﲟﺤﺎﻛﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻬﺎ‪:‬‬

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‫‪١٧‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﳏﺎﻛﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ ‪:TCR‬‬

‫‪circuit3‬‬ ‫‪ .١‬ﺍﻓﺘﺢ ﻧﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻭﲰﻬﺎ‬
‫‪ .٢‬ﺍﻧﺴﺦ ﺑﻠﻮﻛﺔ ‪ Thyristor‬ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫‪ .٣‬ﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﻪ‪:‬‬

‫ﻻﺣﻆ ﺃﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻤﻴﺪ ﻣﺘﻤﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﺜﺎﻳﺮﺳﺘﻮﺭ‬

‫‪ .٤‬ﲰﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻳﺮﺳﺘﻮﺭ ‪ TH1‬ﻭﺍﻧﺴﺦ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺁﺧﺮ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .٥‬ﲰﻲ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻳﺮﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ‪ TH2‬ﻭﻏﲑ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
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‫‪١٨‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﺇﻥ ﺍﶈﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﳋﻄﻴﺔ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﰲ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‪ .‬ﺍﻧﺴـﺨﻬﺎ ﻭﲰﻬـﺎ ‪ TrA‬ﻭﺿـﻊ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪:‬‬

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‫‪١٩‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﺿﻊ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺟﻬﺪ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻭﺏ ﻭﻟﺘﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ‪:‬‬

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‫‪٢٠‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ‪:‬‬

‫ﻭﺗﺼﺒﺢ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ‪:‬‬

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‫‪٢١‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﺇﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻀﺎﺕ ‪ Pulse Generator1‬ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬

‫ﻭ ﺇﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻀﺎﺕ ‪ Pulse Generator‬ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬

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‫‪٢٢‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﺍﻓﺘﺢ ‪ Simulation --> Simulation parameters‬ﻭﺍﺧﺘﺮ ‪ ode23t‬ﺣﺎﻓﻆ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺿﻴﺔ ﻟﻜﻦ ﻏﲑ ‪ relative tolerance‬ﺇﱃ ‪ ٠.٠٠٠١‬ﻭﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﶈﺎﻛﺎﺓ‬
‫ﺇﱃ ‪٠.١‬‬

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‫‪٢٣‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﺳﺄﻗﻮﻡ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺑﺈﺯﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻀﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﻟﺘﺘﻀﺢ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﺳﺘﺼﺒﺢ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‪:‬‬

‫ﺳﺄﻗﻮﻡ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺑﺘﻐﻴﲑ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺑﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﶈﻮﻟﺔ‪:‬‬

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‫‪٢٤‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺑﺸﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ‪:‬‬

‫ﺳﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ‪:‬‬

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‫‪٢٥‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﺷﺮﺡ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪:‬‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻳﺮﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﳝﺮ ﲟﺮﺍﺣﻞ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﱃ‪ :‬ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻗﺪﺡ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﻄﺒﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﺳـﺘﻜﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺎ‪‬ﺔ ﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﻮﻟﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻗﺪﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻧﺰﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﳑﺎ ﻳﺆﺩﻱ ﺇﱃ ﲢﻮﻟﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﲤﺮﻳﺮ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ ﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ‬
‫‪.vf‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﺍﳌﻄﺒﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻳﺮﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺃﺻﺒﺢ ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ ﻳﻌﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻳﺮﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺇﱃ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻌﺔ‪ :‬ﻗﺪﺡ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻳﺮﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ ﺃﺻﺒﺢ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻳﺮﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﰲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﲤﺮﻳﺮ‪).‬ﻻ ﺗﻨﺴـﻰ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻳﺮﺳﺘﻮﺭﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺻﻮﻟﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻉ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻛﺲ ﺃﻱ ﻳﻜﻔﻲ ﺃﻥ ﳝﺮﺭ ﺃﺣﺪﳘﺎ ﻟﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﺻﻔﺮ(‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺴﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻮﺟﺒﺔ ﲡﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻳﺮﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻳﻘﻄﻊ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﰲ‬
‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺃﺻﻼ‪.‬‬
‫ﳏﺎﻛﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ ‪:TCS‬‬

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‫‪٢٦‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ‪ circuit3‬ﺳﻨﺠﺮﻱ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻼﺕ ﺳﱰﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺣﲔ ﺍﻟﺴـﺎﺑﻘﲔ ﻭﻧﻀـﻊ‬
‫ﻣﻜﺎ‪‬ﻤﺎ ‪ step‬ﺃﻭ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳋﻄﻮﺓ ﻭﻧﻀﻊ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﳋﻄﻮﺓ ﺭﺑﻊ ﺩﻭﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﻨﻀﻊ ﻣﻜﺜﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﺴﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻠﻒ ﻭﻗﻴﻤﺘﻪ ﺳﺘﻜﻮﻥ ‪ ٣٠٨.٤‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭ ﻓﺎﺭﺍﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺳﻨﻐﲑ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﳌﻠﻒ ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﺇﱃ ‪ L=1.13 mh R=1.5 mohm‬ﻭﺑﻼﺗﺎﱄ ﺳﺘﺼﺒﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‪:‬‬

‫ﺭﺍﻗﺐ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻜﺜﻒ‪:‬‬

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‫‪٢٧‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﺍﺍﻵﻥ ﻧﻀﻊ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﺋﻴﺔ ﳉﻬﺪ ﺍﳌﻜﺜﻒ ﻫﻲ‪٢٤٩٨٩ :‬‬

‫ﺳﺘﺼﺒﺢ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬

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‫‪٢٨‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫)'‪plot(a1(:,1),a1(:,2),a2(:,1),a2(:,2),'r‬‬

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‫‪٢٩‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﳏﺎﻛﺎﺓ ﳏﺮﻙ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻭﺏ ﲢﺮﻳﻀﻲ‪:‬‬

‫ﺳﻨﻘﻮﻡ ﺍﻵﻥ ﲟﺤﺎﻛﺎﺓ ﳏﺮﻙ ﲢﺮﻳﻀﻲ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﳌﺎﺗﻼﺏ ﻭﺭﺳﻢ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﻤﻴﺰﺍﺕ‪:‬‬

‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ‪:‬‬

‫ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺟﻬﺪ ﺛﻼﺛﻲ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭ‪:‬‬ ‫·‬

‫ﺍﲰﻪ‪Three-Phase Programmable Voltage Source:‬‬

‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ‪Electrical Sources:‬‬

‫ﺃﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﺍﺗﻪ‪:‬‬
‫‪:Positive-sequence‬ﺍﻟﱵ ﻧﻀﻊ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻂ ﳋﻂ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﺔ ﰒ ﺯﺍﻭﻳـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭ ﻟﻠﻄﻮﺭ ‪ a‬ﰒ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻫﻲ ﺳﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ‪[460 0 60] :‬‬

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‫‪٣٠‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﻭﻟﻦ ﳓﺘﺎﺝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻨﺒﻊ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺇﻻ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﺳﻨﻀﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ‪:‬‬
‫‪none:Time variation of‬‬

‫ﺃﻱ ﻻﻧﺮﻳﺪ ﺗﻐﲑ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻣﻊ ﺗﻐﲑ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ‪.‬‬

‫ﳏﺮﻙ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻭﺏ ﲢﺮﻳﻀﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫·‬

‫ﺍﲰﻪ‪Asynchronous Machine:‬‬

‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ‪. Machines:‬‬
‫ﺃﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﺍﺗﻪ‪:‬‬
‫‪:Preset model‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺑﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﺟﺎﻫﺰﺓ ﲣﺘﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻣﻨـﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﲣﺘـﺎﺭ ‪ no‬ﻟﺘﻀـﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪:Mechanical input‬ﺍﳌﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﳌﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺇﻣﺎ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻡ ﺍﳌﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺳـﺮﻋﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺍﺩﻳﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﰎ ﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻡ ﺑﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﺳﻴﺘﻢ ﺳﻠﻮﻙ ﺍﶈﺮﻙ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺳـﺎﻟﺐ ﺳـﻴﺘﻢ‬
‫ﺳﻠﻮﻙ ﺍﳌﻮﻟﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻌﻞ ‪:Show detailed parameters‬ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪:Rotor type‬ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﺧﻴﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﺇﻣﺎ ﻗﻔﺺ ﺳﻨﺠﺎﰊ ‪ Squirrel cage‬ﺃﻭ ﺩﺍﺋﺮ ﻣﻠﻔﻮﻑ ‪.wound‬‬
‫‪:Reference frame‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ‪ abc‬ﺇﱃ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ‪ dq‬ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﳉﻬـﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻌﻜﺲ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﳉﻬﺪ ﺍﳋﺮﺝ‪.‬‬
‫ﲣﺘﺎﺭ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ :Rotor‬ﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺟﻬﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺘﻮﺍﺯﻧﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮﺓ ﻭﺟﻬﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﺑﺖ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻮﺍﺯﻧﺔ‪.‬‬

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‫‪٣١‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫‪:Stationary‬ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺟﻬﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﺑﺖ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺘﻮﺍﺯﻧﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮﺓ ﻭﺟﻬـﻮﺩ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮ ﻣﺘﻮﺍﺯﻧﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻌﺪﻭﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪:Synchronous‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻛﻞ ﺍﳉﻬﻮﺩ ﻣﺘﻮﺍﺯﻧﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪:Nominal power, L-L volt, and freq‬ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻻﲰﻴﺔ ‪ -‬ﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﺍﻻﲰﻲ ﻃـﻮﺭ‬
‫ﻃﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺩﺩ ﺍﻻﲰﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪ :Stator‬ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﺑﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪:Rotor‬ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮ‪.‬‬
‫‪:Mutual inductance‬ﺍﶈﺎﺭﺿﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﺩﻟﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪:Inertia, friction factor, and pairs of poles‬ﺍﻟﻌﻄﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻜﺎﻙ ﻭﻋﺪﺩ ﺯﻭﺝ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻗﻄﺎﺏ‪.‬‬
‫‪:Initial conditions‬ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫]‪[slip, th, ias, ibs, ics,phaseas, phasebs, phasecs‬‬

‫ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻻﻧﺰﻻﻕ‪-‬ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪-‬ﻣﻄﺎﻝ ﺗﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﺑﺖ ﻟﻺﻃـﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛـﺔ‪-‬ﻭﺯﻭﺍﻳـﺎ‬

‫ﺍﻷﻃﻮﺍﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﰲ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮ ﺍﳌﻠﻔﻮﻑ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﻄﺎﻝ ﺗﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮ ﻟﻸﻃـﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛـﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺃﻱ ﺗﺼﺒﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪[slip, th, ias, ibs, ics, phaseas, phasebs, phasecs, iar, ibr, icr,phasear,‬‬
‫]‪phasebr, phasecr‬‬

‫‪:Simulate saturation‬ﳏﺎﻛﺎﺓ ﺍﻹﺷﺒﺎﻉ‪.‬‬

‫ﺑﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﶈﺮﻙ ﺍﳊﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

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‫‪٣٢‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫‪:Bus Selector‬ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺩ ﻗﻴﺎﺳﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫·‬

‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ‪simulink------- Signal Routing:‬‬

‫‪:Constant‬ﲢﻤﻴﻞ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬

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‫‪٣٣‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬.‫ﻡ‬

.simulink----- Sources:‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ‬
:gain‫ﺑﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟـ‬
.‫ ﺇﱃ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬rad/sec ‫ﻟﺘﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ‬

:‫ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺇﻋﻄﺎﺀ ﻗﻴﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ ﻭﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻭﺭﲰﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ‬
clear
for i=1:10
set_param('motor11/Torque (N.m)','Value',num2str(i))
sim('motor11.mdl')
b(i)=a(end);
end
plot(1:10,b)
title('speed with Torque')
pause
plot(1:10,b./(b-1),'g')

00 963 31 2 471 285-00963 966 344 685 www.sec1428.com

٣٤
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫‪00 963 31 2 471 285-00963 966 344 685‬‬ ‫‪www.sec1428.com‬‬

‫‪٣٥‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳉﺴﻮﺭ ‪:bridges‬‬

‫ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺛﻼﺛﻲ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭ‪:‬‬ ‫·‬

‫ﺍﲰﻪ‪. Three-Phase Source:‬‬

‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ‪. Electrical Sources:‬‬

‫‪00 963 31 2 471 285-00963 966 344 685‬‬ ‫‪www.sec1428.com‬‬

‫‪٣٦‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﺑﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﺍﺗﻪ‪:‬‬
‫‪:Phase-to-phase rms voltage‬ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ ﺑﲔ ﺧﻄﲔ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫‪:Phase angle of phase A‬ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭ ‪.A‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫‪:Frequency‬ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺩﺩ ﺑﺎﻟـ‪.HZ‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫‪:Internal connection‬ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺒﻊ ﻭﻟﻪ ﺛﻼﺙ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫‪:Y‬ﳒﻤﻲ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺆﺭﺽ ﻭﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﻤﻲ ﻏﲑ ﻣﻮﺻﻮﻟﺔ ﺑﺎﳊﻴﺎﺩﻱ)‪.(neutral‬‬

‫‪:Yn‬ﳒﻤﻲ ﻣﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﳊﻴﺎﺩﻱ‪.‬‬
‫‪:Yg‬ﳒﻤﻲ ﻣﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﻷﺭﺽ‪.‬‬
‫‪:Specify impedance using short-circuit level‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﲢﺪﻳﺪﻩ ﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﻤﺎﻧﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺒﻊ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﲢﺮﻳﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﻘﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ‪.X/R‬‬

‫‪:3-phase short-circuit level at base voltage‬ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﻘﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫ﺑﺎﻟـ‪ VA‬ﻣﻌﺘﻤﺪﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺱ ﳊﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﶈﺎﺭﺿﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ‪.L‬‬

‫‪:Base voltage‬ﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﺍﻻﲰﻲ ﺑﲔ ﺧﻄﲔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫‪:X/R ratio‬ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﳉﻮﺩﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺎﻧﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫‪:Source resistance‬ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺒﻊ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫‪:Source inductance‬ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﻟﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪:‬ﻻﳝﻜﻨﻚ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻛﻼ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﺍﺗﻴﺔ ﺻﻔﺮﺍ ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﳝﻜﻨﻚ‬

‫ﺗﺼﻔﲑ ﺃﺣﺪﳘﺎ‪.‬‬

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‫‪٣٧‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ‪:‬‬

‫ﳏﻮﻟﺔ ﺛﻼﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭ‪:‬‬ ‫·‬

‫ﺍﲰﻬﺎ‪.Three-Phase Transformer (Two Windings):‬‬

‫ﻣﻜﺎ‪‬ﺎ‪. Elements:‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﺍﺗﻪ‪:‬‬
‫‪:Units‬ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺑﺎﻟـ‪ pu‬ﺃﻭ ‪.(International System) SI‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫‪:Nominal power and frequency‬ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺩﺩ ﺍﻻﲰﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫‪:Winding 1 (ABC) connection‬ﻧﻮﻉ ﻭﺻﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻷﻭﱄ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫‪:Winding parameters‬ﺑﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻷﻭﱄ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﳉﻬـﺪ ﺑـﲔ‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫ﻃﻮﺭﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﻭﺫﺍﺗﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻠﻒ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﺫﺍ‪‬ﺎ ﺗﺘﻜﺮﺭ ﻟﻠﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻱ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫‪:Saturable core‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﻮﺍﺓ ﺣﺪﻳﺪﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻻ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫‪:Magnetization resistance Rm‬ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﺍﳌﻐﻨﻄﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

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‫‪٣٨‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫‪:Magnetization reactance Lm‬ﺫﺍﺗﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻐﻨﻄﺔ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﻮﺍﺓ‪ .‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫ﻻﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﰲ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﻮﺍﺓ‪.‬‬

‫‪:Saturation characteristic‬ﳑﻴﺰﺓ ﺍﻹﺷﺒﺎﻉ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫ﺗﻀﻊ ﻣﺼﻔﻮﻓﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻳﻦ ﳛﻮﻱ ﻛﻞ ﺳﻄﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺾ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﺭ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﰲ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﻮﺍﺓ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫‪mat‬‬ ‫‪:Simulate hysteresis‬ﲣﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺑﺪﻝ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﻟﻴﺤﻤـﻞ ﻣﻠـﻒ‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫ﳛﻮﻱ ﺍﳌﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﺍﳌﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺭﺅﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﲏ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟـ‪:powergui‬‬

‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪00 963 31 2 471 285-00963 966 344 685‬‬ ‫‪www.sec1428.com‬‬

‫‪٣٩‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫‪:Specify initial fluxes‬ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺾ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻲ‪ .‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﺭ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﰲ ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﻮﺍﺓ‪.‬‬

‫‪:Measurements‬ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫‪:Winding voltages‬ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺮﰲ ﺍﶈﻮﻟﺔ ﻟﻸﻃﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ :Winding currents‬ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﺎﺭ ﰲ ﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﶈﻮﻟﺔ ﻟﻸﻃﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ‪:‬‬

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‫‪٤٠‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫‪:Universal Bridge‬‬ ‫·‬

‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ‪. power electronics:‬‬

‫ﻭﻫﻮ ﳝﺜﻞ ﺑﺄﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﺍﺗﻪ‪:‬‬
‫‪:Number of bridge arms‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

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‫‪٤١‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﺗﻮﺿﻊ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻤﺔ ‪ ١‬ﺃﻭ ‪ ٢‬ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻐﲑ ﻟﻄﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭ ‪ ٣‬ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗﻐـﲑ‬
‫ﻟﺜﻼﺙ ﺃﻃﻮﺍﺭ‪.‬‬
‫‪:Snubber resistance Rs ü‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻤﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﰲ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ ﺇﻟﻐﺎﺋﻬﺎ ﺿﻊ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻬﺎ ‪.inf‬‬
‫‪:Snubber capacitance Cs ü‬‬
‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﳌﻜﺜﻒ ﰲ ﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻤﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺮ ﺗﻠﻐﻲ ﺗﺄﺛﲑﻩ‪.‬ﻭﻗﻴﻤﺔ ‪ inf‬ﲡﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺣﺎﻭﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﻓﻘﻂ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﻜﻲ ﺗﺰﻳﻞ ﺗﺄﺛﲑ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺭﺟﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﻄﻊ ﳚﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﲝﺘﺔ ﻭﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻛﺒﲑﺓ ﲝﻴﺚ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻗﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺡ‪.‬‬
‫‪:Power electronic device ü‬‬
‫ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻻﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﱐ‪.‬‬
‫‪:Ron ü‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺠﻬﺎﺯ‪.‬‬
‫‪:Lon ü‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﺍﺗﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪:Forward voltages [Device Vf, Diode Vfd] ü‬‬

‫ﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻣﻲ ﺍﳌﻄﺒﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻧﺰﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻣﻲ ﺍﳌﻄﺒﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪:[(Tf (s) Tt (s] ü‬‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ ‪ Tf‬ﳝﺜﻞ ﺯﻣﻦ ﻫﺒﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻤﻰ ﺇﱃ ‪ 10%‬ﻣـﻦ ﻗﻴﻤﺘـﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻤﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ ‪ Tt‬ﻫﻮ ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﳍﺒﻮﻁ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ‪ 10%‬ﺇﱃ ﺃﺻﻐﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﻨﺎ ﻋﻨﺼﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ ‪ Universal Bridge‬ﺑـﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻫﻮ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻘﻮﻡ ﺃﻱ ﳛﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻭﺏ ﺇﱃ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ‪:‬‬

‫‪00 963 31 2 471 285-00963 966 344 685‬‬ ‫‪www.sec1428.com‬‬

‫‪٤٢‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻜﺲ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﳛﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﺇﱃ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻭﺏ‪:‬‬

‫ﻻﺣﻆ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﺮﺷﺢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ‪ LC Filter‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﻏﲑ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺔ‬

‫ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ‪ subsystem‬ﳛﻮﻱ ﺑﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ‪:‬‬

‫‪00 963 31 2 471 285-00963 966 344 685‬‬ ‫‪www.sec1428.com‬‬

‫‪٤٣‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﻧﺒﻀﺎﺕ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻃﻮﺭﻱ‪:‬‬ ‫·‬

‫ﺍﲰﻪ‪. PWM Generator:‬‬

‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ‪. Extras/Control Blocks:‬‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‪:‬ﺇﻋﻄﺎﺀ ﻧﺒﻀﺎﺕ ﺑﺘﺮﺩﺩ ﻋﺎﱄ ﻟﺒﻮﺍﺑﺔ ﺍﳉﺴﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻧﺰﺳﺘﻮﺭﻱ ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﻧﻘـﻮﻡ ﺑﺘﻌـﺪﻳﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﲡﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺧﺮﺝ ﺍﳌﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻟﻴﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺘﻌﺪﻳﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ‪ pwm‬ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﳝﻜﻦ‬
‫ﺷﺮﺣﻪ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ‪:‬‬

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‫‪٤٤‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻱ ﳝﺜﻞ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺳﻦ ﻣﻨﺸﺎﺭ ﻫﻲ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻭﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺩ‬

‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻞ ﻫﻲ ﻧﺎﺗﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﻧﺒﻀﺎﺕ ﻋﺮﺿﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺩ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻠﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺗﻪ‪:‬‬
‫‪:Generator Mode‬ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻀﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻮﻟﺪﺓ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﻊ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺃﺫﺭﻉ ﺍﳉﺴﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫‪:Carrier frequency‬ﺗﺮﺩﺩ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺳﻦ ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫‪:Internal generation of modulating signal‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻴﺎ ﰲ‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫ﺣﺎﻝ ﰎ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﺭ‬

‫)‪:Modulation index (0 < m < 1‬ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫‪:Frequency of output voltage‬ﺗﺮﺩﺩ ﺧﺮﺝ ﺍﳉﺴﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫‪:Phase of output voltage‬ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺧﺮﺝ ﺍﳉﺴﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫ﺑﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﺗﺘﻤﺔ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ‪:‬‬

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‫‪٤٥‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬.‫ﻡ‬

L1=200e-6 H
C=5000e-06 F

LC Filter:
L=2e-3 H
C

Measure:

:‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬

00 963 31 2 471 285-00963 966 344 685 www.sec1428.com

٤٦
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻬﺎﺀ ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ‪:‬‬

‫ﻭﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ‪.‬‬

‫‪00 963 31 2 471 285-00963 966 344 685‬‬ ‫‪www.sec1428.com‬‬

‫‪٤٧‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﻻﺣﻆ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﻫﻲ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮﺓ ﲤﺎﻣﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﻷﺧﲑﺓ ﺟﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﺑﺘﺮﺩﺩ ‪ 50‬ﻫﺮﺗﺰ‪.‬‬
‫ﳏﺎﻛﺎﺓ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺛﻼﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭ ﻣﻊ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻻﺕ ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺳﻨﻘﻮﻡ ﺍﻵﻥ ﲟﺤﺎﻛﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬

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‫‪٤٨‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﺇﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﳛﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺐ )‪ B2 (bus‬ﺍﳌﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﻣﻊ ﲪﻞ ‪ 1MW‬ﻭﳏﺮﻙ‬

‫ﻳﻐﺬﻯ ﲜﻬﺪ ‪ 2400v‬ﻣﻦ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ‪ 25KV‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﳏﻮﻟﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ ‪ 6MVA‬ﻭ‬
‫ﺟﻬﺪ ‪ 25/2.4 kV‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﺩﻳﺰﻝ ﻣﺘﻮﺍﻗﺖ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺭﺋﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﺟﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ‪ 25Kv‬ﻣﺄﺧﻮﺫ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﺛﻼﺛﻲ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺃﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺮ )‪ (short-circuit level 1000 MVA‬ﻭﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﳉﻮﺩﺓ )‪ (X/R = 10‬ﻭﲪﻞ‬
‫‪ 5MW‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻭﺿﻌﻨﺎ ﺑﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﶈﺮﻙ ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ ‪:‬ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ ‪ 2250HP‬ﺣﻴﺚ‬
‫)‪ (1HP=746watt‬ﻭ ﺣﻬﺪ ‪ 2.4KV‬ﻭﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺍﻗﺘﺔ )ﺍﳌﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃﻲ( ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺘﻪ‬
‫‪ 3.125 MVA‬ﻭﺗﻮﺗﺮﻩ ‪.2.4KV‬‬
‫ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺳﻴﻈﻬﺮ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﳌﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻲ ﻭﺳﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﺰﻝ ﰲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺛﺒﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻻﻳﻌﻄﻲ ﺃﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﺔ‪.‬ﺍﻷﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺍﻗﺘﺔ ﺳﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ﻛﺠﻬﺎﺯ ﲡﻤﻴﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔ ﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﳉﻬﺪ ‪ 2400V‬ﻟﻴﻜﻮﻥ ‪ 1pu.‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺐ ‪.B2‬‬
‫ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻈﺔ ‪ t=0.1 sec‬ﺳﻴﺤﺪﺙ ﻋﻄﻞ ﻭﺍﻷﻃﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﻟﺪ ﺳﺘﻮﺻﻞ ﻣﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﳑﺎ ﻳﺴﺒﺐ ﻓﺘﺢ ﻗﺎﻃﻊ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ t=0.2 s‬ﻭﻓﺠﺄﺓ ﻳﺰﺩﺍﺩ ﲪﻞ ﺍﳌﻮﻟﺪ‪.‬ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻓﺘﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺭ ﻟﻠﺨﻄﺄ ﻭﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﳌﻮﻟﺪ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﻣﺘﻮﺍﻗﺘﺔ ﺳﺘﻬﻴﺞ ﻭﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﺰﻝ‬
‫ﺳﺘﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﻟﻴﺒﻘﻮﺍ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﲔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﻘﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﻨﺎ ﺟﻬﺪ ﻭﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺍﻗﺘﺔ ﻛﺪﺧﻞ ﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﲢﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﳑﺎ ﺟﻌﻞ‬
‫ﳎﻤﻮﻋﻬﻤﺎ ﻛﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ ﻋﻜﺴﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻧﺮﻳﺪ ﺭﲰﻬﺎ‪:‬‬

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‫‪٤٩‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﺳﺄﻗﻮﻡ ﺑﺸﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪﺓ‪:‬‬

‫ﻋﻄﻞ ﺛﻼﺛﻲ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭ‪:‬‬ ‫·‬

‫ﺍﲰﻪ‪. Three-Phase Fault:‬‬

‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ‪. Elements:‬‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‪:‬ﺇﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﺀ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﻭ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻷﻃﻮﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻷﺭﺽ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺒﻌﻀﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺗﻪ‪:‬‬
‫‪:Phase A Fault ü‬ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻟﻮ ﺣﺪﺙ ﻋﻄﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭ ‪.A‬‬
‫‪:Phase B Fault ü‬ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻟﻮ ﺣﺪﺙ ﻋﻄﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭ ‪.B‬‬
‫‪:Phase C Fault ü‬ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻟﻮ ﺣﺪﺙ ﻋﻄﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭ ‪.C‬‬
‫‪:Fault resistances Ron ü‬ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺣﺪﻭﺙ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﻞ‪.‬‬
‫‪:Ground Fault ü‬ﺣﺪﻭﺙ ﻋﻄﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺃﻭ ﻻ ﻭﺍﻷﻃﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﶈﺪﺩﺓ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺍﱄ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺻﻞ ﺑﺎﻷﺭﺽ ﻓﻘﻂ‪.‬‬
‫‪:Ground resistance Rg ü‬ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻻﳝﻜﻨﻚ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﺻﻔﺮ‪.‬‬
‫‪ :External control of fault timing ü‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﻤﺖ ﺑﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪﻫﺎ ﺳﻴﻈﻬﺮ ﻟﻚ ﻣﻨﻔﺬ‬
‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺰﻣﻦ ﺣﺪﻭﺙ ﺍﳋﻄﺄ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻴﺎ‪.‬‬

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‫‪٥٠‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫‪:Transition status‬ﺗﻨﺎﻭﺏ ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ‪.‬ﺗﻀﻊ ﻫﻨﺎ ﺷﻌﺎﻉ ﳛﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻴﻢ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺃﻭ‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ‪،‬ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﻳﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪﻭﺙ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﻞ ﻭ ﺻﻔﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‪.،‬‬
‫)‪:Transition times(s‬ﻭﻗﺖ ﺣﺪﻭﺙ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﻞ ﻭﺍﳋﺮﻭﺝ ﻣﻨﻪ‪.‬ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﻧﻚ ﺗﻀﻊ ﻗﻴﻢ‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫ﻟﻠﺰﻣﻦ ﺗﺘﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻭﺿﻌﺘﻬﺎ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪:Snubbers resistance Rp‬ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻤﻴﺪ‪.‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺩﺕ ﺇﻟﻐﺎﺋﻬﺎ ﺿﻊ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻬﺎ ‪.inf‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫‪:Snubbers capacitance Cp‬ﺳﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻤﻴﺪ‪ :‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺩﺕ ﺇﻟﻐﺎﺋﻬﺎ ﺿﻊ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫ﺻﻔﺮ‪.‬‬

‫ﻗﺎﻃﻊ ﺛﻼﺛﻲ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭ‪:‬‬ ‫·‬

‫ﺍﲰﻪ‪. Three-Phase Breaker:‬‬

‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ‪. Elements:‬‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‪:‬ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻔﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﰲ ﺃﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﻭﺃﺯﻣﻨﺔ ﳏﺪﺩﺓ‪.‬‬
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‫‪٥١‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﺑﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺗﻪ‪:‬‬
‫‪:Initial status of breakers‬ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﻣﻐﻠﻖ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺡ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫‪:Switching of phase A‬ﰲ ﺣﺎﻝ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﺭ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺳﻴﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫ﻭﻳﻮﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭ ‪.A‬‬

‫‪:Switching of phase B‬ﰲ ﺣﺎﻝ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﺭ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺳﻴﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫ﻭﻳﻮﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭ ‪.B‬‬

‫‪:Switching of phase C‬ﰲ ﺣﺎﻝ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﺭ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺳﻴﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫ﻭﻳﻮﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭ ‪.C‬‬

‫)‪:Transition times(s‬ﻭﻗﺖ ﺗﻐﻴﲑ ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫‪:External control of switching times‬ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﲑ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺑﻠﻮﻛﺔ‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪:Breakers resistance Ron‬ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫‪:Snubbers resistance Rp‬ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻤﻴﺪ ﻹﻟﻐﺎﺀ ﺗﺄﺛﲑﻫﺎ ﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫‪.inf‬‬
‫‪:Snubbers capacitance Cp‬ﻣﻜﺜﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻤﻴﺪ ﻹﻟﻐﺎﺀ ﺗﺄﺛﲑﻩ ﺿﻊ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻪ ﺻﻔﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

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‫‪٥٢‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﺍﶈﺮﻙ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺍﻗﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫·‬

‫ﺍﲰﻪ‪.Synchronous Machine:‬‬
‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ‪. Machines:‬‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‪:‬‬
‫ﳝﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﻛﻤﺤﺮﻙ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﳌﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ )ﺣﻴﺚ‬
‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﻟﺪ ﻭﺳﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﺮﻙ(‪.‬ﳝﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ ﻟﻶﻟﺔ ﺑﺴﺖ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﻟﻔﺮﺍﻍ‬
‫ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺗﻪ‪:‬‬
‫‪:Preset model‬ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻗﻴﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﺟﺎﻫﺰﺓ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫‪:Mechanical input‬ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﳌﻄﺒﻖ ﻫﻞ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻡ ﺃﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

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‫‪٥٣‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫‪:Rotor type‬ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻧﻮﻋﺎﻥ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﺋﺮ‪:‬ﺩﺍﺋﺮ ﺫﻭ ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺑﺎﺭﺯﺓ ‪-Salient-pole‬ﺩﺍﺋﺮ‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫ﺇﺳﻄﻮﺍﱐ ‪.Round‬‬
‫‪:Nominal power, voltage, frequency‬ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻻﲰﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﺑﲔ ﺧﻄﲔ‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫ﺍﻻﲰﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺩﺩ ﺍﻻﲰﻲ‪.‬‬

‫‪:Reactances‬ﺍﳌﻔﺎﻋﻼﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫‪:Stator resistance‬ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﺑﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫‪:Inertia, friction factor, and pole pairs‬ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﺎﻟﺔ‪-‬ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻜﺎﻙ‪-‬ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

‫ﺍﻷﻗﻄﺎﺏ‪.‬‬
‫‪:Initial conditions‬ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﺋﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ü‬‬

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‫‪٥٤‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﻫﻲ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺟﺰﺋﻲ‬ ‫‪Diesel Engine Speed & Voltage Control‬‬ ‫ﺇﻥ ﺑﻠﻮﻛﺔ‬
‫‪ subsystem‬ﳛﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻴﻴﺞ‪:‬‬ ‫·‬

‫ﺍﲰﻬﺎ‪. Excitation Syste:‬‬

‫ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‪:‬ﺩﺍﺭﺓ ‪‬ﻴﻴﺞ ﻭﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﳝﺜﻞ ﺍﳌﻬﻴﺞ ﺑﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺑﲔ ﺟﻬﺪ ﺍﳌﻬﻴﺞ ﻭﺟﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻢ‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﺎﺭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﶈﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻀﻲ‪:‬‬

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‫‪٥٥‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﺑﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﶈﻮﻟﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻮﻟﺪ‪:‬‬

‫‪00 963 31 2 471 285-00963 966 344 685‬‬ ‫‪www.sec1428.com‬‬

‫‪٥٦‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫‪00 963 31 2 471 285-00963 966 344 685‬‬ ‫‪www.sec1428.com‬‬

‫‪٥٧‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﰲ ﻧﻈﻢ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ‪:‬‬

‫ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺛﻼﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭ ﺳﻨﻤﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺫﻭ ﺧﻂ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‪.‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻳﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﻗﺪﺭﻫﺎ ‪ 735 kv‬ﻣﻦ ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ ﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺖ ﻣﻮﻟﺪﺍﺕ‬
‫‪ 350 MVA‬ﺗﻨﻘﻞ ﻋﱪ ﺧﻂ ﻧﻘﻞ ‪.600 km‬‬
‫ﻳﻘﺴﻢ ﺧﻂ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺇﱃ ﻗﺴﻤﲔ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ‪ 300 km‬ﻣﻮﺻﻮﻟﲔ ﺑﲔ ‪ B1‬ﻭ ‪ B3‬ﻣﻊ ‪.B2‬‬

‫‪00 963 31 2 471 285-00963 966 344 685‬‬ ‫‪www.sec1428.com‬‬

‫‪٥٨‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫‪00 963 31 2 471 285-00963 966 344 685‬‬ ‫‪www.sec1428.com‬‬

‫‪٥٩‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﻧﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻮﺻﻞ ﻣﻌﻮﺿﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﺴﻞ ﲤﺜﻞ ‪ 40%‬ﻣﻦ ﳏﺎﺭﺿﺔ ﺍﳋﻂ ﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺳﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻻ ﺳﻨﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺈﻧﺸﺎﺀ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻮﻳﺾ‪:‬‬
‫ﺳﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻔﺔ ﻟﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ‪:‬‬

‫ﺇﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﲢﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻭﻫﻮ ‪ Mov‬ﺍﲰﻪ ﺍﳊﻘﻴﻘﻲ ‪ Surge Arrester‬ﺳﻨﺘﻌﺮﻑ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻵﻥ‪.‬‬
‫‪:Surge Arrester‬‬
‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ‪. Elements:‬‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‪ :‬ﲪﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﳉﻬﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻓﻮﻟﺖ ﺃﻣﺒﲑ ﲤﺜﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪00 963 31 2 471 285-00963 966 344 685‬‬ ‫‪www.sec1428.com‬‬

‫‪٦٠‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫‪:Protection voltage Vref‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﺗﺮ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻮﻟﺖ‪.‬ﺃﻱ ﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺍﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ ﺍﳌﺴﻤﻮﺡ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺩ ﲪﺎﻳﺘﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪:Number of columns‬‬
‫ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺪﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪:Reference current per column Iref‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﺮﺟﻌﻲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺹ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪:Energy & Gap firing‬‬

‫‪:Distributed Parameter Line‬‬

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‫‪٦١‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫‪Pm=0.721842‬‬
‫‪E=1.00746‬‬

‫‪00 963 31 2 471 285-00963 966 344 685‬‬ ‫‪www.sec1428.com‬‬

‫‪٦٢‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫‪00 963 31 2 471 285-00963 966 344 685‬‬ ‫‪www.sec1428.com‬‬

‫‪٦٣‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫‪00 963 31 2 471 285-00963 966 344 685‬‬ ‫‪www.sec1428.com‬‬

‫‪٦٤‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫‪00 963 31 2 471 285-00963 966 344 685‬‬ ‫‪www.sec1428.com‬‬

‫‪٦٥‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫‪00 963 31 2 471 285-00963 966 344 685‬‬ ‫‪www.sec1428.com‬‬

‫‪٦٦‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫‪00 963 31 2 471 285-00963 966 344 685‬‬ ‫‪www.sec1428.com‬‬

‫‪٦٧‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫‪00 963 31 2 471 285-00963 966 344 685‬‬ ‫‪www.sec1428.com‬‬

‫‪٦٨‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫‪00 963 31 2 471 285-00963 966 344 685‬‬ ‫‪www.sec1428.com‬‬

‫‪٦٩‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﴰﺎ‬

‫ﰲ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺧﻄﺄ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﺩ ﻳﺮﺟﻰ ﻣﺮﺍﺳﻠﱵ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﳝﻴﻞ‪:‬‬

‫‪Sec_1428@yahoo.com‬‬

‫ﺃﲤﲎ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻛﻮﻥ ﻗﺪ ﻗﺪﻣﺖ ﻟﻜﻢ ﺷﻴﺌﺎ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻭﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﳑﺘﻌﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪WWW.sec1428.com‬‬

‫‪00 963 31 2 471 285-00963 966 344 685‬‬ ‫‪www.sec1428.com‬‬

‫‪٧٠‬‬