o Himno al trabajo (Filipino: Dalit sa
To discuss with Governor general
Paggawa; English: "Hymn to Labor") is a
poem written by Dr. José Rizal. The poem
was requested by his friends from Lipa,
Batangas, in January 1888 in reaction to
the Becerra Law, and to address the
hardships of Lipeños (people from Lipa).
The hymn was a poem praising Lipeños,
who were working hard for the country. The
poem is composed of conversations by men,
women and children in praise of men who
made a living in agriculture. The song also
states that agriculture is the solution to
poverty and the road to progress.
o Rizal emphasize scientific and liberal
education in his proposed reforms to foster
critical thinking and intellectual
independence
o "To the Filipino Youth" is a poem written
by Jose Rizal when he was only eighteen
years old, and was dedicated to the Filipino
youth which he describes as "the fair hope
of my motherland." The poem aims to
inspire the young individuals of that era to
showcase their untapped potential and
become a source of inspiration for both
Filipinos and people worldwide. Rizal
thought in the poem relates to the role of
the youth with the nation building. Stresses
the importance of education to one’s future.
o Governor General Rafael de Izquierdo
- conservative leader who first act was to
disapproved the founding of a school of arts
and trade which Filipinos wanted so much
o Rizal’s concept of education:
a)The teacher should have prestige,
reputation, moral strength and some
freedom of action on socio-economic
reforms;
b)Classes would be six hours a day
including a total of two hours of physical
culture and arts;
c.)There is to be no racial discrimination in
the admission of the students
o O-Sei-San- Japanese girl whom Rizal fell
inlove with
o Despite the much opposition from friends
and relatives he decided to return to Manila
on the Following reasons:
1.
Despujol in his Borneo colonization
project
2. To form the La liga in the Philippines
3. To prove that Eduardo De Letes
allegations on him in his family in
Calamba
o Dr. Jose Rizal dedicated El flibusterismo
in the GOMBURZA or the three martyred
priests while Noli Me tangere edicated to
hi MOTHERLAND
Here are some ways to express Filipino
nationalism:
 Respect the Philippine flag and value the Filipino
identity.
 Be a productive citizen.
 Be aware of the issues in our country.
 Stand proud for every Filipinos achievement.
 Sing the Philippine National Anthem.
o According to Dr. Jose Rizal, governments
are established for the welfare of the people
which is similar to Lincolnian democracy, he
wanted to inflict the following of rights:
a)Magna Carta- protecting the life, liberty
and property of Filipinos;
b)Freedom-assimilation of the Philippines;
c) Restoration of Filipino representation in
the Spanish Cortes.
o Rizal had a long and scholastic debate with
Fr. Pastels on Religion
o The underlying meaning of the literary
master pieces of Dr. Jose Rizal “El
Filibusterismo”= Exhibits a dark theme in
which depicts the country’s issues and how
the protagonist attempts are reformed.
o Jose Rizal emphasized the importance of
education, national identity and civic virtues
in his concepts of nation building
o the primary focus of Jose Rizal’s education
reforms in the Philippines is the promotion
of scientific and liberal education
o Regular priest belongs to religious order
and their main task was to spread
Christianity while secular priest did not
belong to any religious order and they are
trained to run the parishes under the
supervision of the bishop

o the reform of the propaganda :
a)Restoration of the Philippine
representation in the Spanish cortes.
b)Equality of Filipinos and Spaniards.
c)Secularization of the Philippine parishes
and expulsion at the friars.
o key components of of Jose Rizals program
of action for social and political reforms in
the Philippines during the late 19th century :
a)Agrarian reform and equal distribution of
land
b)Education reforms to promote
enlightenment and nationalism
c)Advocacy for civil rights and liberties
o Belgic- steamer bound by Dr. Jose Rizal for
United States, reaching the land on April 28
o Florencio Namanan - real name of the spy
of the friars who introduced himself as a
friend and relative of Rizal
o the conservative members of the La Liga
filipina who organized themselves into
group called Los Compromisarios:
Apolinario Mabini, Ambrosio Rianzares
Bautista, Domingo Franco
o Black mask with a triangle formed by letters
and white ribbon = color or gear code of
the Katipun or the member of the first
grade of the KKK
o Fr. Luiz Viza- priest came with Fr. Mata,
the priest to whom Rizal asked for the
image of the sacred heart of Jesus which he
made during his stay in Ateneo
o Sulpukan- Its mechanism is based on the
principle of compressed air and he sent it to
Ferdinand Blumentritt as a gift
o Jose Rizal’s political reforms aim to address
colonial issues in the Philippines =
Establishment of parliamentary system
o The katipuneros attempted to rescue Dr.
Jose Rizal and he refused because he don’t
want to break his promise to the Spaniards
authorities
o Dr. Antonio Ma. Regidor and Sixto
Lopez- His friends from London that
exerted all their efforts to find a lawyer in
Singapore who could aid Dr. Jose Rizal.
o the statements or testimonies of Pio
Valenzuela during the hearing of the case of
Dr. Jose Rizal :
1. If the La liga was reorganized nine
months later, he had no idea about
it.
2. If the La liga had a revolutionary
purpose then the katipunan should
have not been organized.
3. If he was really the leader of the
revolution, the revolutionist should
have consulted him.
o Kidlat Club- This organization brought
together the young Filipinos residing in
France
o Emilio Jacinto- authorized the “Kartilla ng
Katipunan” which spread the revolutionary
principles that successfully motivated the
katipunan members.
o Pio Valenzuela - To camouflage his
real mission he brought with him a blind
man by the name of Raymundo Mata.
o Draco Rizali- It was no limit to his
scientific versatility, he found Mindanao a
rich virgin field for collecting specimen he
discovered a specimen which were name in
his honor by the scientist
o the purpose of Dr. Jose Rizal in annotating
Morga’s work:
1. To prove that the Filipino are
civilized/ advanced even before the
coming of the Spaniards.
2. To correct what has been distorted
about the Philippines due to Spanish
conquest.
3. To awaken the conciousness of the
Filipinos regarding their glorious
ways of the past.
o Graciano Lopez Jaena - he said the more
superior was El Filibusterismo because of its
exquisite delicate literary style is easy and
correct dialogue and its profound idea and
sublime thoughts.
o The age when Dr. Jose Rizal was arrested
and executed on December 30, 2896 that
sprang awareness and bought revolt among
Filipino =35