LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL 2ND SEMESTER PRELIMS

MS. NICOLE ANNE P. AQUINO

LESSON 2 TRANSES BY: ELLAINEJOY

Rizal and the Theory of Nationalism

WHY STUDY RIZAL? several persons who tried to block

1. SO, WE WILL HAVE SOMETHING TO SAY its approval.
TO THE FOREIGNERS
2. RIZAL IS THE FATHER OF THE FILIPINO
NATION Notable Persons who tried to block its approval
 He made all the natives of our
archipelago realize that we are all  Sen. Decroso Rosales (brother of
Filipinos and one nation. Archbishop Rosales)
 Francisco “Soc” Rodrigo (President
Pre-Spanish Period of Catholic Action of the
 Indio - Stupid, inferior, or barbaric Philippines)
 Peninsulares  Sen. Mariano Cuenco (brother of
o Spaniards born in Spain Archbishop Cuenco)
 The Friars
o Peninsula
o “born in the peninsula” Intentions/Reasons
 Insulares
o Spaniards born in the o The Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo are
Philippines very damaging to clerics
o Children of Spanish o The novels were written when Dr. Jose Rizal,
government officials and estranged from the Catholic faith and religion
Spanish soldiers in the contradicted many of the Christian beliefs.
Philippines o The novels do contain teachings contrary to the
o Insula– detached Catholic faith and so, the Church is opposed to
o Isla– land detached from the the proposed compulsory reading in their entirety
mainland of such books in any school in the Philippines
o “born in the Islas” where Catholic students may be affected.
 La Liga Filipina Notable persons who fought for its approval
o Jose Rizal’s civic organization
that aims to unite the people  Sen. Jose P. Laurel
of Luzon, Visayas and  Claro M. Recto
Mindanao into one  Nationalists
brotherhood, each one realizing
Intentions/Reasons
that we belong to one big
family, one race and one nation o There is a need for a rededication to the ideals of
 The Father of the Filipino Nation freedom and nationalism for which our heroes
 The First Filipino lived and died
o There is a need to remember with special
fondness and devotion the lives and works of our
3. HE INSPIRED THE REVOLUTION THAT heroes who shaped the national character
SET AS FREE o The life, works and writings of Dr. Jose Rizal
 Andres Bonifacio particularly, his novels Noli Me Tangere and El
 Katipunan Filibusterismo are constant and inspiring source
 Philippine Revolution of 1898 of patriotism with which the minds of the youth,
4. IT IS MANDATED BY LAW especially during their formative and decisive
years in school, should be covered.
The Making of Rizal Law o There is a need to develop moral character,
 In 1956, Senator Jose P. Laurel personal discipline, and civic conscience and to
filed Senate Bill 448, or the Rizal teach the duties of citizenship.
Bill. Its passage was rough due to

SMU School of Health and Natural Sciences gfeimpycwc

BS Medical Laboratory Science Ellaine Joy R. Salvador, fRMT
DO NOT REPRODUCE. DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT THE OWNER’S PERMISSION.
 LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL 2ND SEMESTER PRELIMS
MS. NICOLE ANNE P. AQUINO
LESSON 2 TRANSES BY: ELLAINEJOY

Rizal and the Theory of Nationalism

5. SO THE SPIRIT OF NATIONALISM WILL

LIVE ON IN US AND IN THE NEXT
Congress passed the Rizal Bill (Senate Bill 448) and was signed
GENERATION
into Rizal Law (Republic Act 1425) by President Ramon
Magsaysay on June 12, 1956.

Salient Points of Rizal Law

o Courses on the life, works, and writings of Dr.

Jose Rizal, particularly the novels Noli Me WHY STUDY RIZAL?
Tangere and El Filibusterismo, shall be included
1. So we will have something to say to the foreigners
in the curricula of all schools, colleges, and
universities, public and private. 2. Rizal is the Father of the Filipino Nation
o It obliged all schools, colleges, and universities
to keep in their libraries an adequate number 3. He inspired the revolution that set us free.
of copies of the original or unexpurgated 4. It is mandated by law
editions of the Noli Me Tangere and El
Filibusterismo as well as Rizal's other works 5. So the spirit of nationalism will live on in us and in the
and biography next generation
o It authorized and directed the Board of
National
Education to work for the translation of Noli
Me
Tangere and El Filibusterismo as well as other
writings of Dr. Jose Rizal into English, Tagalog,
and
other principal dialects and their printing in
cheap
or popular editions and their circulation

Teaching of Rizal Course in College

o Rizal as a course has been taught in College

generally as a supplementary course by
teachers of different specializations.
o In most cases, the focus of the course is on
Rizal's biography and trivial matters,
compounded by the varying interpretations of the
spirit and the letter of Rizal law through the
years.

IMPORTANT ISSUANCES RELATIVE TO THE

IMPLEMENTATION OF RIZAL LAW

 Approval of R.A. 1425 on June 12, 1956

 Presidential Memorandum Order 247 dated
Dec. 26, 1994 – President Ramos directed the
DECS (now DepEd) and CHED to immediately
and fully implement R.A. 1425.
CHED MEMORANDUM ORDER 6 DATED FEBRUARY 15,
1996 –CHED ordered all colleges and universities to offer Rizal
course as a separate three-unit course fully and immediately

SMU School of Health and Natural Sciences gfeimpycwc

BS Medical Laboratory Science Ellaine Joy R. Salvador, fRMT
DO NOT REPRODUCE. DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT THE OWNER’S PERMISSION.
 LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL
LESSON 2
Rizal and the Theory of Nationalism
NATIONALISM
 It refers to a POLITICAL IDEOLOGY THAT
INVOLVES LOVE FOR ONE’S COUNTRY
AND PEOPLE.
 Developing and maintaining a national identity
 Shared characteristics such as culture, language,
race, and religion
 Preserving and reshaping the nation’s culture
 Essentially modern/developed in the late 18th
century
 According to Anderson, NATIONNESS is a cultural
artifact that is felt as having existed since time
immemorial but is objectively modern as it first
emerged toward the end of the 18th century.
 Anderson defines a NATION as an imagined
political community, which is imagined as both
inherently limited and sovereign.
 Anderson argues that the nation is imagined as a
community because regardless of the actual
inequalities that prevail in it, the nation is always
conceived as a deep, horizontal comradeship.
 Anderson argues that the nation is an imagined
community because it exists but in the figment of the
collective imagination.
 Following Anderson, the PHILIPPINE NATION is
an imagined community because you as a Filipino
will never meet all 100 or so million Filipinos. Yet,
you are convinced that they exist, and that you are
related to them.
 Anderson points out that Rizal’s Noli conjured an
imagined community as if the readers and the author
were familiar with and intimate with each other. The
characters and readers shared the same calendrical
time.
 In analyzing the emergence of modern nationalism,
Anderson begins with the striking fact that all the
new South American republics had been
administrative units from the 16th to the 19th century
 The novel provided the means of representing the
nation as an imagined community that operated on
empty time enabling the reader to be omniscient to
SMU School of Health and Natural Sciences
BS Medical Laboratory Science
DO NOT REPRODUCE. DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT THE OWNER’S PERMISSION.
2ND SEMESTER PRELIMS
MS. NICOLE ANNE P. AQUINO
TRANSES BY: ELLAINEJOY
see a delimited society and the actuation of key
people in it.
 The arrival of nationalism in a distinctively
modern sense was tied to the political baptism of
the lower classes.
 Nationalist movements have invariably been populist
in outlook and sought to induct lower classes into
political life.
MASTER NARATTIVES
 Jose Rizal’s Noli and El Fili are not simply
masterpieces but master narratives that have attained
extraordinary exalted status.
COMMUNITY CONJURED UP BY DR. JOSE
RIZAL
 Noli and El Fili emerged as founding texts of
Philippine nationalism. Of course, the problem of the
community through the literary procedure as different
and separate from Spain exposing the colonial
government evils and institutional violence.
NOLI AND EL FILI IS A FOUNDLING TEXT OF
PHILIPPINE NATIONALISM
 The novels created a knowable Filipino community.
It organized a narrative development defining the
new modern community and was enveloped by the
unfavorable state of colonial society. It is knowable
in the sense of ethical and political decisions to speak
of the Philippines to the fellow Filipinos.
PROMISED FREEDOM– NOLI ME TANGERE AND
EL FILIBUSTERISMO
 Rizal prefigured the problem that potentially
challenged Filipinos in the present ideas of modern
Filipinos with a capacity to transform in thought and
action.
NOLI ME TANGERE AND EL FILIBUSTERISMO
CHANGED THE HISTORY OF THE NATION
 Through his novels Rizal taught Filipinos a
sense of nationalism and love for their own land
which is worth dying for. Rizal became the
rallying point of forces that resulted in the anti-
colonial movement.
EXISTENCE OF COMPETING FOR EUROPEAN
COLONIAL POWERS
 Rizal’s novel dealt with the problem of
formulation of ideas of Filipino nationness based
on narrative progress, development, and change.
That ran up against assumptions, disciplinary
gfeimpycwc
Ellaine Joy R. Salvador, fRMT 1
 LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL 2ND SEMESTER PRELIMS
MS. NICOLE ANNE P. AQUINO
LESSON 2 TRANSES BY: ELLAINEJOY

Rizal and the Theory of Nationalism

power and practices of colonial regime in the

Philippines.

SMU School of Health and Natural Sciences gfeimpycwc

BS Medical Laboratory Science Ellaine Joy R. Salvador, fRMT
DO NOT REPRODUCE. DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT THE OWNER’S PERMISSION.