REVISI
MAP
Work
Work is said to be the mental and physical
activity involving a force and movement in
direction of the force and an equal amount of
energy is used up when work is being done.
SI unit of work is N-m or joule.
Mathematical Expression
W = Fs
It is scalar quantity.
Work done is + ve, when angle
θ = 0 i.e. force and
displacement are in same
direction.
W = + Fs
Work done is – ve, when angle
θ = 180° i.e. force and
displacement are anti-parallel to
each other.
Work done is zero, when angle
θ = 90° i.e. force and
displacement are at right angle to
each other.
W = Zero (0)
Work-Energy Theorem
Work done by external forces on a
system is equal to the increase in
system's energy.
N
Work and Energy
Energy
The capacity of doing work is called energy.
Forms of Energy
Energy exists in various forms like
mechanical energy (kinetic + potential), heat
energy, chemical energy, electrical energy,
light energy, etc.
Kinetic Energy
Energy possessed due to the motion of the
body is called kinetic energy.
Kinetic energy of a body moving with a
certain velocity is equal to the work done on
it to make it acquire that velocity. Kinetic
energy of an object increases with its speed.
Potential Energy
Energy due to its change in position or shape
of the body is called potential energy.
We can say that, the potential energy
possessed by a body, is the energy present in
it by virtue of its position or configuration.
PE = mgh
Elastic Potential Energy
When a spring is stretched or compressed,
energy stored in the spring is called elastic
potential energy = 1/2 kx2
(x = length of compression or extension).
Power
The rate at which work is done by a
force is called power delivered by the
force or the rate at which energy is
transferred is called power.
Mathematical Expression
Power (P) =
Power (P ) = Force (F) × Velocity (v)
SI unit of power is watt.
1 W = 1 J/second
1 kW = 1000 W
Law of Conservation
of Energy
Energy can neither be created nor be
destroyed. It can only be transformed
from one form to other.
During the motion of a body total
energy is always conserved if there is
no loss of energy by the system.
Mechanical Energy
The sum of total kinetic energy and
potential energy is called mechanical
energy.
Transformation of Energy
One form of energy can be converted
into other forms of energy, this
phenomenon is called transformation
of energy.