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Linear First Order Differential Equation Notes
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Chapter 49 Ow Linear First Obder Differential Equations
48-1 Introduction
\e + % =a [ wdnere Band @ are FuNCHON of x aly
es 1s called q linear aif ferential equation
since y and its derivatives aR oF
the fiost degwe
CO Tre cotution of a 44 Fy = GIs obtained ty multiplying
Khrughoul by qhat is termed on integrating ¢actor
Gi) Multiplytag a + =A be Say R, Afunction of x
only , gives:
ag 1H -4
Gli) The digterential coocficient of a product By is obtained
uring the product cule
Ay) pe ey
ax 8) = Ra YS
which © the same asthe lett hand wae of equation
CD, when B fs chosen such chat
de
Rk. Bae
GW) TF ae = EP, Anon separating He variables gues
ae =Pa
7 x
i fede a we = fPacre
@
Arn which,
R= eltate =~ efx, eo e c
Reeder SM whee Arie vei onsanb
Cy) Bubssiteting = AeS PAX in equation 8) gues
g
Alte (42) + Ale = Aoi g
eh
of (Sh) + ey ae Mg |
CUI) Tre (eft howd tide of equation (a) is
Sed;
ae (ve *)
; Je
which may, br checked by aiff erntiatig ye .
aith (pact tox, uking the eroduct cule
(ui) From equation (2),
4 (ve *) = canes
a
Toragratting both des gives
fa - fe Stax e | 8%
PPS So a i
ai) pe is the Integrating factor
4a. Cocedure xo solve aigjerential equations of the form
a ~« %2Q
G) Rearrange she digferential equ
As h=a, wirore @ anal Q are functions of X
ation ‘tro He Fores
Gi) Doxorening f Pax real
Gi) Dedermting phe [Megrating factor @ *
iv) fubstitute 25° into equation ¢3) Cu) Antegrate the TIghk band eice of equation (a) to
QINe Khe general solution of she aifferential equation .
GRVEN PoundaTY conditions, he particular Solution erey
be dotermingd
BS Worked grovlems on (inwar Fist order Aigqerential
equal ans
e1 Solve Le + 4y =2 given the bancay
Conctitions x =O when 9-4
Le using tha procedure at 48-2,
CO Rearranging give a Any -2ax, wrich's
of kha form x + Fy=Q, where
@= Ax and Q=ax
Gi) fede = fAxdx = aK ee
ni [Pax ax*
Gi ntegrating factor © -e@
cw) Gupcsituting wrto equation C3), gives:
a a
ax ax
a fe Q@ Cax) dx
G Hence she general Solution is
‘
2x’ ax
Q@ aes
9 se tc
2
by uring the pubstikution UF AX:
Wan x = 0; y=4, Ans
oles
Ae?= he? ac, ¢rom anion, CF
Hence the garailar wlution is
ax™ ax™ Lal axe
ye = de «do yoprae
om yet leuap) 2 Show thot the saotien of the uation * tl
is Gwen by y > SE, sen Kel Gohan y =)
& Using HR ecedua Qbow
r=
ao YM 4 vy
ax sauaih asl aes =4
ait) fray = [2 Ax = Ine)
ii) ae . ee RS
ca ye = fella y,
Yx = [xen dx
OS SS yt en er et
bese!
a
j= Wee
”
el
Drake:
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