Weekend Marathon 3… 2..

1 💨🏃

Small but effective

SHORT CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

🙄 What is Short Circuit?

 Accidental or intentional conductive path between two or more conductive parts forcing the electric
potential differences between these conductive parts to be equal or close to zero

🙄 Why Short Circuit?

 To avoid unnecessary Over design

 To avoid the insufficient rating of equipment's

 To optimize the cost with various possibilities

 Selection of Optimal Transformer Impedance

 To provide input to Relay Coordination, Motor Starting, Harmonic Analysis, Transient Stability &
Arc flash

🙄 How short circuit occurs ? (TYPES OF FAULTS)

 Series Fault
1. Single Conductor Open
2. Two Conductor Open
 Shunt Fault
Symmetrical Fault
1. Three Phase Fault
2. Three Phase to Ground
Unsymmetrical Fault
1. Line to Ground
2. Line to Line
3. Line to Line to Ground

🙄 Standard – IEEE / IEC

 IEC 61363-1998 “Short circuit calculation procedure for 3ph. AC system in isolated system”

 IEC 60909-2016 “Short circuit current in 3ph.Ac system”

  IEEE 3002.3-2018 “Recommended practice for calculation of Short circuit current for industrial
and commercial power system”

🙄 Objectives of Short Circuit?

 To find Short Time Rating (STR) of all equipment's (Transformers, Cables, Transmission Lines,
Generators, Motors, Switchgears, CT, CB etc)
 Breaking, Making and DC Breaking Requirements of Interrupting Equipment's
 To find Voltage Raise during the fault

🙄 Effect of short circuit ?

Short circuit occur even in well-designed power systems, cause large decaying transient current generally
much above load current.
Short circuit may lead to

 Undesirable current flow.

 Excessive magnitude of current may lead equipment damage.
 Excessive overvoltage.
 Hazardous to working personnel.
 Generator Out of Step (Angular Stability)
 Results electro -dynamic and thermal stress