COLLEGE OF NURSING

DHAMTARI C.G.
SUBJECT- COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
TOPIC – ASSISTING HEALTH NEEDS OF NEW BORN

Submitted to: Submitted by:

Mrs. R. Lal Mam Miss. Deepti yadav

(MSc lecturer), Post Basic BSc. Nursing
2nd year
community health nursing College of Nursing,
Dhamtari
Mrs. Ragini singh (CG)
[clinical instructor]
College of nursing dhamtari C.G.

Subject: Community health nursing

Topic: ASSISTING HEALTH NEEDS OF NEW BORN

Name of the supervisor: Mrs.R. Lal Mam (Msc. Lecturer)

Name of the student: Miss Deepti yadav
Group: Post Basic Bsc 2nd Year

Duration: 30 Minute
Language: English
Date:
Place : GujraCHC
Method of teaching : Lecture
Previouse knowledge : people have littile knowledge about the new born assessment.
General objectives: At the end of demonstration, students would be able to gain knowledge regarding assisting health
needs of new

born.

Specific objectives: At the end of demonstration student would be able to—

1. Introduce the topic

2. Define the healthy new born
3. Enlist the characteristic of the new born
4. Explain the assessment of new born.
5. Enlist the purpose of initial assessment
6. Enlist the assessment in the postnatal period.
7. Explain the Apgar score.
8. Demonstrate the physical exam
9. Describe the care of newborn baby
 S.N TIME SPECIFIC CONTENT TEACHING LEARNING A.V.AIDS EVALUA
O OBJECTIVES ACTIVITY ACTIVITY
1. ½ min. To give self SELF INTRODUCTION: Lecturing Listening - It helps to
introduction Myself Miss Deepti yadav, post basic bsc 2nd maintains
year, college of nursing dhamtari. rapport.

2. 1min Give introduction INTRODUCTION: Lecturing Listening - What do y

about the topic know abo
Essential care of the normal healthy neonates can born care?
be best provided by the mothers under supervision of
nursing personnel or basic/ primary health care
providers. About 80% of the newborn babies should
be kept with their mothers rather than in a separate
nursery.

3. 1min Define the DEFINITION OF HEALTHY NEWBORN Lecturing Listening - Define he

healthy new born new born.
“A healthy infant born at term b/w 38-42wks
should have average birth wt, cries immediately
following birth, establishes independent rhythmic
respiration & quickly adapts to the changed
environment.”

4. 5min Enlist the CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NEWBORN Lecturing Listening - What are t
characteristic of 1. Newborns may look alike, but each has their own characteri
the new born. physical attributes and personalities. Some of new bo
newborns are fat and short while some are long
and thin.
S.N TIME SPECIFIC CONTENT TEACHING LEARNING A.V.AIDS EVALUA
O OBJECTIVES ACTIVITY ACTIVITY
2. Weight:-The average weight of a normal full term
newborn is about 2.9 kg with a variation of 2.5-
3.9 kg or more. The weight is very variable from
country to country
3. Length:- At birth the average crown heel length
of the term infant is 50 cm with the range of 48-53
cm.
4. Head circumference:-The head circumference
usually varies from 33-37 cm, with the average of
35cm.
5. The chest circumference in a mature newborn is
2 cm less than the head circumference.
6. Skin is pinkish but bluish hand and feet
(Acrocynosis). It may cover with vernix caseosa,
milia and laugo hair, especially at back.
7. Ear:-Ear cartilage is firm and fully curved,
showing good elastic recoil.
8. Eyes:-Eyes are largely covered with eye lids
9. Breast:-Breast nodules are palpable measuring
over 5mm in diameter.
10. Abdomen:- Prominent with short neck and large
head
11. Vital Signs
Temperature 36.5 to 37.2 Celsius, Pulse 180
beats/minute 120-140 B/M, Respiration 80
brths/m 30-50b/m, Blood Pressure 80/46 mmHg
100/50 mmHg (by 10th day)

5 3min Explain the ASSESSMENT OF THE NEW BORN Lecturing Listening - How to as
assessment of  The period from birth to 28 days of life is called the new b
S.N TIME SPECIFIC CONTENT TEACHING LEARNING A.V.AIDS EVALUA
O OBJECTIVES ACTIVITY ACTIVITY
new born. neonatal period and the infant in this period is
termed as neonate or newborn baby. The first
week of life is known as early neonatal period and
the late neonatal period extends from 7th to 28th
days of age.
 The healthy newborn infant born at term, between
38 to 42 weeks, cries immediately after birth,
establishes independent rhythmic respiration,
quickly adapts with the extra uterine environment,
having an average birth weight and no congenital
anomalies .
 The initial assessment of neonate is very
important activity immediately after birth. The
most essential assessment is the “first cry”. Good
cry helps in establishment of satisfactory
breathing .The respiration, heart rate and skin
color are the basic criterias which should be
evaluated immediately to determine the need for
life saving support. Another significant
assessment of the neonate is “Apgar scoring” as
described Dr Virginia Apgar

6 2mn Enlist the PURPOSE OF INITIAL ASSESSMENT Questioning Answering - What are t
purpose of initial 1. to assess the need for resuscitation, purposes o
assessment 2. To ascertain the gestational age, initial new
3. To detect presence of any congenital anomalies or
any disorders this may affect the well being of the
baby.

7 1min Enlist the ASSESSMENT IN THE POSTNATAL PERIOD Lecturing Listening - How man
S.N TIME SPECIFIC CONTENT TEACHING LEARNING A.V.AIDS EVALUA
O OBJECTIVES ACTIVITY ACTIVITY
assessment in the assessment in the postnatal period should be done at times asse
postnatal period. least for three times, new born
 First postnatal assessment should be done within post natal
24 hours, period?
 Second assessment within 2 weeks of age and
 Third assessment within 4-6 weeks of age of baby.
 In home delivery, the first postnatal assessment
should be done within 3 days and others are same
as institutional delivery.

8 3min Explain the ABGAR SCORE Lecturing Listening - What is A

Apgar score. CRITERIA 0 1 2 score?
Respiration Absent Slow •. Good
Irregular Crying

Heart Rate Absent Slow(Below More than

100) 100

Muscle tone Flaccid Some Active

flexion of body
extremities movements

Reflex No Grimace
response respons Cry
e What do y
Skin color Body pink understan
Blue, extremities Completely ESI schem
pale blue pink
Total score=10
No depression:7-10
S.N TIME SPECIFIC CONTENT TEACHING LEARNING A.V.AIDS EVALUA
O OBJECTIVES ACTIVITY ACTIVITY
Mild depression:4-6
Severe depression:0-3
9 10min Demonstrate the PHYSICAL EXAM Lecturing Listening - How to do
physical exam . A complete physical exam is an important physical e
part of newborn care. The healthcare provider checks
each body system is carefully for health and normal
function. The provider also looks for any signs of
illness or birth defects.
Physical exam of a newborn often includes:
 General appearance. This looks at physical
activity, muscle tone, posture, and level of
consciousness.
 Skin. This looks at skin color, texture, nails, and
any rashes.
 Head and neck. This looks at the shape of head,
the soft spots (fontanelles) on the baby’s skull,
and the bones across the upper chest (clavicles).
 Face. This looks at the eyes, ears, nose, and
cheeks.
 Mouth. This looks at the roof of the mouth
(palate), tongue, and throat.
 Lungs. This looks at the sounds the baby makes
when he or she breathes. This also looks at the
breathing pattern. Heart sounds and pulses in the
groin (femoral)
 Abdomen. This looks for any masses or hernias.
 Genitals and anus. This checks that the baby has
open passages for urine and stool.
 Arms and legs. This checks the baby’s movement
and development
S.N TIME SPECIFIC CONTENT TEACHING LEARNING A.V.AIDS EVALUA
O OBJECTIVES ACTIVITY ACTIVITY

CARE OF NEWBORN BABY

10 4min Describe the care 1. Warmth -Warmth is provided by keeping the Lecturing Listening - What are t
of newborn baby. baby dry and wrapping the baby with adequate cares of
clothing in two layers, ensuring head and newborn b
extremities are well covered because baby looses
heat through evaporation, radiation, conduction
and through convection. Baby should be kept by
the side of the mother, so that the mother’s body
temperature can keep the baby warm.
2. Skin Care- The skin care by gentle wiping, no
vigorous attempts should be made to remove the
vernix caseosa as it provides protection to the
delicate skin. Baby should have own separate
clothing and articles for care to prevent cross
infection.
3. Care Of The Eyes. Eyes should be cleaned at
birth and once every day using sterile cotton
swabs soaked in sterile water or normal saline.
Each eye should be cleaned using a separate swab.
The eyes should be observed for redness ,sticky
discharge or excessive tearing for early detection
of problems and prompt management
4. Breast Feeding. All babies should invariably
receive the colostrums during first three days of
life. Mothers should be informed about the
importance and technique of
breastfeeding .Initially the feeding should be
given in short intervals of 1 to 2 hrs and then
S.N TIME SPECIFIC CONTENT TEACHING LEARNING A.V.AIDS EVALUA
O OBJECTIVES ACTIVITY ACTIVITY
every 2 hrs. Exclusive breastfeeding procedures
should be explained to the mother and family
members.
5. Protection From Infection And Injury
6. Immunization • In institutional delivery all
neonates should be immunized with BCG vaccine
and O dose of OPV. Hepatitis B vaccine can be
administered at birth as first dose and other two
doses in one month and six month of age. •
Mother should be informed about the
recommended National immunization schedule
and explanation to be given about importance of
complete immunization and all possible reactions
following vaccinations epically about BCG
vaccine.
SUMMARY
So far we discussed about

1. Definition of the healthy new born

2. Characteristic of the new born
3. Assessment of new born.
4. Purpose of initial assessment
5. Assessment in the postnatal period.
6. Apgar score.
7. Physical exam
8. Care of newborn baby

CONCLUSION :-

Essential care of the normal healthy neonates can be best provided by the mothers under supervision of nursing personnel or
basic/ primary health care providers. About 80% of the newborn babies should be kept with their mothers rather than in a separate
nursery.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. ‘KUMARA NEELAM’ “ESSENTIAL COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING” EDITION 2015 S. VIKAS AND COMPANY INDIA PP 75- 76

2. ‘MANIVANNAN SHYAMALA D’ “PROCEDURE MANUAL COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING” FIRST EDITION 2017 CBC
PULISHERS
NEW DELHI P 37

3. ‘SWARNKAR KESHAV’ “COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING” FIRST EDITION 2015, N.R. BROTHERS PUBLISHER INDORE PP 55-
57

4. ‘THRESIAMMA P.M. “PROCEDURES AND THEORIES OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING” FIRST EDITION 2010, JAYPEE
BROTHERS
MEDICAL PUBLISHERS P129
5. ‘YADAV, MANOJ’. “A TEXT BOOK OF CHILD HEALTH NURSING”. INDIA VIKAS AND COMPANY,NY. P. 77.