ARM PERUNDING SDN BHD

LABOUR CONSTANT

SECTION TRADE/ELEMENT Link

A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
J
K
L
M
N
P
Q
R
S
SUPPLIER MATERIAL DESCRIPTION
ATKC WAREHOUSE Common Bricks (720 PCS/PALLET)
Dimension = 220mm(L) x 96mm(W) x 68mm(H).
1 Pallet = 720 Pcs.
1 Pc = ~2.2 Kg.

Cement Sand Bricks (600 PCS/PALLET)

Dimension = 210mm(L) x 100mm(W) x 65mm(H).
1 Pallet = 600 Pcs.
Pc = ~2.5 Kg.

Ventilation Bricks Zig-Zag 5"(W) x 6"(H) x 12"(L)

RM/pcs
0.40
ARM PERUNDING SDN BHD LABOUR CONSTANT

SECTION A: EXCAVATION WORKS

A.1 Labour constant for Excavation Works - By Hand

(Ordinary Earth)

Unskilled man-
ITEM Description Unit
hour (hrs)

Surface excavation max deep n.e 0.15m (Top

1 M2 0.35
Soil)
2 Excavation to reduce level M3 1.75
3 Excavate column bases max depth n.e 0.25m M3 0.70
4 Ditto n.e 1.00m deep M3 3.50
5 Ditto n.e 2.00m deep M3 4.50
6 Excavate Trench maximum deep n.e 0.25m M3 0.50
7 Ditto n.e 1.00m deep M3 2.75
8 Ditto n.e 2.00m deep M3 4.00

A.2 Disposal Of excavated material

Unskilled man-
ITEM Description Unit
hour (hrs)
1 Disposal 100m distance, spread & level M3 1.00

A.3 Hardcore
- Filling to make up level

Unskilled man-
ITEM Description Unit
hour (hrs)
1 not exceeding 250mm deep M2 0.50
2 Exceeding 250mm deep M3 2.00

Multiplying factor for soil other than ordinary earth

- To Compensate extra time for difficulties encountered during excavation
(Pelarasan untuk output buruh untuk penggalian dengan tangan)
a) Loose Sand - x 0.75
b) Soft Rock - x 1.50
c) Hard Rock - x 4.00
d) Caly - x 1.25
e) Soft Chalk - x 2.50
f) Rock - x 6.00
ARM PERUNDING SDN BHD LABOUR CONSTANT

SECTION A: EXCAVATION WORKS

Bulking Factor For Disposal

a) Sand - 12.5 %
b) Ordinary Earth - 25%
c) Rock - 75% - 100%
d) Chalk - 50% - 60%
e) Clay - 33% - 50%
f) Gravel - 10% - 20%

A.4 Output Jengkaut

Output Average
ITEM Load (M3) Unit
(m3/hour)
1 1/4 M3 8.00
2 3/8 M3 9.00
3 1/2 M3 12.00
4 3/4 M3 18.00
5 1 M3 25.00

(Pelarasan untuk output buruh untuk penggalian dengan jengkaut)

a) Loose Sand - x 1.00
b) Soft Rock - x 1.50
d) Clay - x 1.25
f) Rock - x 4.50
ARM PERUNDING SDN BHD LABOUR CONSTANT

SECTION B: CONCRETE WORKS

B.1 Labour constant for Concrete Work (by Hand)

(hoisting,placing,compacting and

a. Bed/Slab/Base
Unskilled man-
Item Description Unit
hour (hrs)
1 n.e 100mm M3 5.00
2 exc 100mm b.n.e 150mm M3 6.00
3 exc. 150mm b.n.e 300mm M3 7.00
4 exc. 300mm M3 8.00

b. Column and Beam

Unskilled man-
Item Description Unit
hour (hrs)
1 Column and Beam M3 8.00

c. Wall

Unskilled man-
Item Description Unit
hour (hrs)
1 n.e 100mm M3 10.00
2 exc 100mm b.n.e 150mm M3 9.00
3 ecx 150mm b.n.e 300mm M3 8.00
4 exc 300mm M3 7.00

B.2 Labour constant for Concrete Work (by plant)

ITEM Description Unit Output / hours Diesel / Lubr. Oil /
hours hours
1 5/3 size w 1 skilled worker and 2 unskilled worker M3 1.50 1.00 0.50
2 7/5 size w 1 skilled worker and 3 unskilled workers M3 2.50 1.50 1.00
3 10/7 size w 1 skilled worker and 4 unskilled workers M3 3.50 1.80 1.00
14/10 size w 1 skilled worker and 4 unskilled
M3 4.50
4 workers 2.25 1.50

B.3 Formwork
-Using times
ITEM Description Unit using times

1 slab, roof, wall m 4-6

2 Column and Beam m 2-3

Timbers (Quantity of Timber – m3/m2)

ITEM Description Unit QTY

1 floor and wall area of floor/wall

2 strut for wall, floor M3/m2 0.05
3 stru for beam and lintel M3/m2 0.06
4 strut for column M3/m2 0.03
ARM PERUNDING SDN BHD LABOUR CONSTANT

SECTION B: CONCRETE WORKS

Labour
i Erecting – 1 skilled worker & 1 unskilled worker
ii Dismantling – 1 unskilled worker

Constant
ITEM Description Unit Erecting Dismantling
1 wall hrs/m2 0.75 0.15
2 floor hrs/m2 0.75 0.15
3 beam, column and lintel hrs/m2 1.15 0.15
Cost of timber : RM/Tonne x 1.42 m3/t

B.4 Labour Constant For Placing Concrete

Unskilled man-
ITEM Description Unit
hour (hrs)
Pad Foundation M3 6.00
Ground Floor
≤ 150mm - 300mm thick M3 7.75
150mm - 300mm thick M3 6.50
> 300mm thick M3 5.00
Upper Floor
≤ 150mm - 300mm thick M3 9.25
150mm - 300mm thick M3 7.50
> 300mm thick M3 6.50
Wall
≤ 150mm - 300mm thick M3 10.00
150mm - 300mm thick M3 8.50
> 300mm thick M3 7.50
Column And Beam M3 8.00

B.5 Labour Constant For Removing Formwork

Fast
hardened
Ordinary Portland Cement
ITEM Description portland
(Day)
cement
(Day)
1 Side of beams, Wall and Column 3 2
2 Floor (penyokong ditinggalkan) 4 3
3 Menanggal penyokong ke lantai 5
4 Slab under the beam (penyokong ditinggalkan) 8 5
5 Menanggal penyokong ke rasuk 21 8

Remove and
Prepare and Install/m2
ITEM Description Store (day)
Carpenter Unskilled Unskilled
1 Floor, Roof and Wall 1 hrs 0.75 hrs 0.75 hrs
Beam, Column and ambang 1.5 hrs 0.75 hrs 0.75 hrs
ARM PERUNDING SDN BHD

SECTION A: LABOUR CONSTANT

C REINFORCEMENTS (cost/kg)
C.1 (i) straight and bend
(ii) Fabric Reinf.

Tying wire

ITEM Description Unit wire

1 6 – 12 mm diameter kg/t 10.00

2 16 – 25 mm diameter kg/t 6.00
3 32 – 50 mm diameter kg/t 5.00

Labour
(i) Handling and unloading – unskilled worker
(ii) Cutting and Bending – skilled worker
(iii) Fixing – skilled worker

C.2 Bending and Cutting (hrs/t)

10 – 12 mm 16 – 20 mm
ITEM Description Unit 6 – 8 mm dia. > 25mm dia.
dia. dia.
1 Straight and bend hrs/t 40.00 30.00 20.00 15.00
2 Links and Stirrups hrs/t 65.00 50.00 30.00 -

C.3 Fixing ( hrs/t)

10 – 12 mm 16 – 20 mm
ITEM Description Unit 6 – 8 mm dia. > 25mm dia
dia dia

1 Foundation and ground slab hrs/t 40.00 30.00 25.00 20.00

2 Upper floor and roof hrs/t 50.00 40.00 30.00 25.00
3 Wall, column, beam and staircase hrs/t 70.00 50.00 35.00 30.00
4 Links and Stirrups hrs/t 90.00 70.00 60.00 -

C.4 Fabric Reinforcement

ITEM Description Unit Percentage %

1 150mm 0.12
2 200mm 0.16
3 250mm 0.20
4 300mm 0.25

Labour
(i) Handling and unloading – unskilled worker
(ii) Fixing – skilled worker

C.5 Fixing ( hrs/t)

6 – 8 mm
ITEM Description Unit
diameter
1 Floor and roof hrs/t 0.20
2 Foundation hrs/t 0.25
3 Wall hrs/t 0.33
4 Staircase hrs/t 0.50
ARM PERUNDING SDN BHD LABOUR CONSTANT

SECTION B: CONCRETE WORKS

D PLUMBING
D.1 Hot and cold water system ( upvc , galvanised and HDPE)
Soil, waste and vent. Pipe ( UPVC and Cast iron)

Labour for hot and cold water system

(i) Keluli (Galvanised)
In trench,
ITEM Description Unit hardcore, floor, to Brickwall
ceiling space
1 < 20mm dia. Pipe hrs/m 0.13 0.22
2 25 – 32 mm dia. Pipe hrs/m 0.16 0.25
3 38 – 50 mm dia. Pipe hrs/m 0.20 0.30

(ii) UPVC and Asbsetos

In trench,
ITEM Description Unit hardcore, floor, to Brickwall
ceiling space
1 < 20mm dia. Pipe hrs/m 0.10 0.12
2 25 – 32 mm dia. Pipe hrs/m 0.13 0.15
3 38 – 50 mm dia. Pipe hrs/m 0.15 0.18

(iii) HDPE

In trench,
ITEM Description Unit hardcore, floor, to Brickwall
ceiling space
1 < 20mm dia. Pipe hrs/m 0.10 0.12
2 25 – 32 mm dia. Pipe hrs/m 0.13 0.15
3 38 – 50 mm dia. Pipe hrs/m 0.15 0.18

D.2 Soil, waste and vent. Pipe ( UPVC and Cast iron)

ITEM Description Unit Cast iron UPVC

1 < 75 mm hrs/m 0.50 0.30

2 100 mm hrs/m 0.55 0.33
3 125 mm hrs/m 0.60 0.36
4 150mm hrs/m 0.65 0.45
ARM PERUNDING SDN BHD LABOUR CONSTANT

SECTION B: CONCRETE WORKS

i) Steel Pipe

ITEM Description Unit Sesiku Tee

1 < 20mm dia. Pipe hrs/no 0.10 0.15

2 25 – 32 mm dia. Pipe hrs/no 0.13 0.20
3 38 – 50 mm dia. Pipe hrs/no 0.18 0.25

ii) UPVC
ITEM Description Unit Sesiku Tee
1 < 20mm dia. Pipe hrs/no 0.08 0.12
2 25 – 32 mm dia. Pipe hrs/no 0.10 0.16
3 38 – 50 mm dia. Pipe hrs/no 0.13 0.20

iii) Labour Constant For Pemasangan Injab

1 Skilled worker
ITEM Description Unit and 1 Unskilled
worker
1 < 20mm dia. Pipe hrs/no 0.13
2 25 – 32 mm dia. Pipe hrs/no 0.18
3 38 – 50 mm dia. Pipe hrs/no 0.23

1 Skilled worker
ITEM Description Unit and 1 Unskilled
worker
1 136 litre (30 gelen) 0.30
2 227 litre (50 gelen) 0.50
3 455 litre (100 gelen) 0.80
4 682 litre (150 gelen) 1.20
5 910 litre (200 gelen) 1.50
ARM PERUNDING SDN BHD LABOUR CONSTANT

SECTION A: LABOUR CONSTANT

E SANITARY FITTINGS
E.1 Sanitary appliances

1 skilled / 1
ITEM Description Unit
unskilled (hrs/no)
1 Wash hand basin no 1.75
2 Sink no 1.50
3 WC – Squatting no 2.25
4 WC – Pedestal no 2.00
5 Bowl Urinal no 0.50
6 Bath tab no 3.00

(i) Fix only

(ii) Supply and Fix ( material and labour )
ARM PERUNDING SDN BHD LABOUR CONSTANT

SECTION A: LABOUR CONSTANT

F BRICKWORK
F.1 (i) Number of common bricks per m2
- One brickwall (118 pieces)
- Half brickwall (59 pieces)

(ii) Mortar
- Labour mixing (.052 hr/m3) - 2.05 hr/m3
- Mortar used per m2 area of brickwall
a) one brickwall - 0.052 m3
b) half brickwall - 0.032 m3

iii) Labour constant per m2 (common brickwork)

ITEM Description Unit Skilled Unskilled

1 Half brickwork below dpc M2 0.90 0.45

2 One brickwall ditto M2 1.80 0.90
3 One and half brickwall ditto M2 2.50 1.25
4 One brickwall ditto M2 2.00 1.00
5 One and half brickwall ditto M2 2.70 1.35
6 Extra for fairface in stretcher bond M2 +0.3 +0.15
7 Ditto in English bond M2 +0.35 +0.18
8 Ditto in Flemish bond M2 +0.35 +0.20

F.2 BRICK FACEWORK

- Number of facing bricks required per m2 of brickwork to a wall faced on one side only

ITEM Description Unit No. of bricks Remarks

1 Stretcher bond No 59
2 Header bond No 118
3 English bond No 89
Allow 5%
4 Flemish bond No 79
for wastage
5 English garden wall No 74
6 Flemish garden wall No 67

F.3 Labour Constant for tying a brickwall

Bricklayer Unskilled
ITEM Description
(hrs/m2) man-hour
1 Half brickwall in Ordinary Brick 1.00 0.35
2 One brickwall in Ordinary Brick 1.75 0.70
3 Half brickwall in Facing Brick 2.00 0.50
4 One brickwall in Facing Brick 3.50 1.00
ARM PERUNDING SDN BHD LABOUR CONSTANT

SECTION A: LABOUR CONSTANT

F.4 Additional Labour Cost for Curve On Plan (C.O.P)

Additional
Jejari Lengkungan
Labour cost

≤ 1.50 m 50%

1.50 m - 10.00 m 100%

F.5 Labour Constant for Tying Blockwall

Unskilled
Bricklayer
Block Size 450mm x 150mm man-hour
(hrs/m2)
(hrs/m2)
100mm thick 0.75 0.35

215mm thick 1.50 0.50

ARM PERUNDING SDN BHD LABOUR CONSTANT

SECTION A: LABOUR CONSTANT

G ROOF
G.1 (i) Batern and roof tile
Labour constant for batern and roof tile
- Normal roof tile
1 skilled worker and
Batern Overlapping
ITEM Number of tile (No./m2) Unit 1 unskilled worker
length ends (mm)
(hr/m2)
1 59.13 m/m2 9.76 60.00 0.45
2 60.61 m/m2 10.00 65.00 0.45
3 62.16 m/m2 10.26 70.00 0.46
4 63.8 m/m2 10.53 75.00 0.48
5 65.52 m/m2 10.81 80.00 0.49
6 67.34 m/m2 11.11 85.00 0.51

G.2 Labour Output for fixing asbestos roof tile

Maximum length per

ITEM Unit Small piece Large piece
pieces (mm)
1 1200 hr/m2 0.22 0.19
2 1800 hr/m2 0.20 0.17
3 2400 hr/m2 0.18 0.16
4 3000 hr/m2 0.17 0.15

G.3 Labour Constant For Installing Interlocking Concrete Roofing

1 Skilled worker and 1

ITEM Saiz Genting (mm) Unskilled Worker
(hrs/m2)

1 380 x 230 0.30

2 420 x 330 0.22

3 430 x 380 0.20
ARM PERUNDING SDN BHD LABOUR CONSTANT

SECTION A: LABOUR CONSTANT

H CARPENTER AND JOINTER

H.1 Frame

Labour constant for fixing frame

- 1 skilled worker for cutting and fixing frame
10,000 mm2
<5,000 5,000 mm2 – 7,500 mm2 –
ITEM Description Unit – 12,500
mm2 7,500 mm2 10,000 mm2
mm2
1 wall plate and background hr/m 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.10

2 ceiling beam and floor beam hr/m 0.07 0.09 0.11 0.12

3 other roof member hr/m 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.13

H.2 Door

1 skilled
ITEM Description Unit worker
(mortise)
1 40 mm mounted door frame HR 0.85

2 50 mm door average HR 1.00

3 50 mm door panel HR 1.00

4 54 mm fire rated door HR 1.25

H.3 Door frame and window

1 skilled
ITEM Description Unit worker
(mortise)

1 37mm x 150mm HR 0.18

2 50mm x 150mm HR 0.20

3 50mm x 175mm HR 0.22

ARM PERUNDING SDN BHD LABOUR CONSTANT

SECTION A: LABOUR CONSTANT

J FINISHES
J.1 Tile fixer

Labour constant for floor tiler

1 tiler fixer
and 1
ITEM Description Unit
unskilled
worker
1 cement pavement hr/m2 0.30
2 granolitik pavement hr/m2 0.35
3 screeded plaster hr/m2 0.25
4 floated plaster hr/m2 0.28
5 trowelled plaster hr/m2 0.30

J.2 Skirting

cement and
ITEM Description Unit Granolitik
sand
1 75mm hr/m 0.35 0.45
2 100mm hr/m 0.38 0.50
3 125mm hr/m 0.41 0.55
4 150mm hr/m 0.45 0.60

J.3 Cement Plaster

1 plasterer
and 1
ITEM Description Unit
unskilled
worker
1 wall hr/m2 0.40
2 ceiling hr/m3 0.50

J.4 Tiles

1 tiler and 1
ITEM Description Unit unskilled
worker
1 wall hr/m2 1.00
2 floor hr/m2 1.25
J.5 Kambi Jubin

1 tiler and 1
ITEM Description Unit unskilled
worker
1 75mm hr/m2 0.20
2 100mm hr/m2 0.23
3 125mm hr/m2 0.26
4 150mm hr/m2 0.30

J.6 Kemasan Kayu

1 tiler and 1
ITEM Description Unit unskilled
worker
1 Lantai Parket hr/m2 0.50
2 Lantai Strip hr/m2 0.45
3 Kambi Kayu hr/m 0.20

i) Labour constant for tingkap ram

Description Unit Glazier

150 mm wide x 300 mm - 600 hrs/piece 0.10

mm length

ii) Labour constant for installation of glass to window and door

Memasang ke Memasang ke
Memasang
ITEM Description Unit kayu dengan logam dengan
kayu ke dempul
kumai dempul

1 ≤ 0.1 hr/m 1.45 1.35 1.65

2 0.10 - 0.50 hr/m 1.10 1.00 1.25
3 0.50 - 1.00 hr/m 0.90 0.80 1.00
4 > 1.00 hr/m 0.70 0.65 0.75
 iii) Labour constant for painting oil paint

Permukaan Permukaan
ITEM Description Unit
kayu logam

hr/
1 Membersih buku kayu 100.00m2 3 -
hr/
2 Menyumbat buku kayu 100.00m2 3 -
hr/
3 Mengosok dengan Kertas pasir 100.00m2 3 -
hr/
4 Menyapu cat asas 100.00m2 8 8
hr/
5 Menyapu cat alas 100.00m2 8 8
hr/
6 Menyapu cat kemas 100.00m2 9 9

iv) Labour cost adjustment for hard surface

ITEM Description Additional Labour Cost

Narrow surface
Not exceeding 150mm
diameter 30%
150mm - 300mm diameter 15%
Pipe
Not exceeding 150mm
diameter 35%
150mm - 300mm diameter 20%
Exceeding 300mm diameter 5%
Glass window
With small glass 40%
With simple glass 20%
With large glass 5%

v) Labour Cost for Emulsion Paint

ITEM Description Painter (hrs/100.00m2)

1 Base paint 8 hour
2 Emulsion paint 9 hour