ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Bautista Adrian, Cayabyab Glennlie, Cayanan Karl Peterson

TOP 10 NATURAL DISASTERS IN THE PHILIPPINES

DISASTERS WHEN AND WHERE EFFECT ON THE POLLUTANTS
ENVIRONMENT
1. TYPHOON YOLANDA November 3, 2013 Typhoon Yolanda Thousands of trees were
Eastern Visayas caused tremendous uprooted leading to a
damage to the agri-fishery massive release of carbon
industry of Eastern Visayas dioxide and loss of habitat
and other regions. Latest with resulting effects on
figures from the DA Field wildlife.
Operations Service placed
damage to crops, livestock,
fisheries and infrastructure
at P28. 86 billion. Among
crops, coconut suffered the
biggest loss
2. MORO GULF August 16, 1976 A tsunami was generated Floodwater contamination
EARTHQUAKE AND Moro Gulf, Mindanao in the Moro Gulf
TSUNAMI causing considerable
damage and loss of life. It
is estimated that the
earthquake and tsunami
killed 5,000 to 8,0000
people, injured many, and
left a number homeless.
The main shock was
followed by a major
aftershock 12 hours later,
which caused additional
 damage.
3. TROPICAL STORM November 15,1991 Tropical Storm “Uring”
URING Ormoc, Leyte (international name:
“Thelma”) is the deadliest
weather disturbance in
Philippine history. It hit
Leyte and Negros
provinces in November
1991 and dumped torrential
rains that caused massive
flash floods in Ormoc City,
leaving up to 5,000 to
8,000 people dead. Its
damages ran up to P1
billion.
4. TYPHOON PABLO December 3, 2012 The Bopha/Pablo typhoon
Southern Mindanao hit Mindanao early
December 2012, killing
more than 1000 people,
destroying homes,
infrastructure, agricultural
land and deforesting vast
areas, causing severe
humanitarian distress and
pressure on the local
environment.
5. EARTHQUAKE IN July 16,1990 The quake destroyed
BAGUIO Baguio electric, water and
communication lines in the
city. The main vehicular
route to Baguio, Kennon
Road, as well as other
access routes to the
Disaster waste
management, the major
“big and obvious” risk with
respect to direct impacts
on human health was the
matter of standing water in
many areas. Flooding had
a negative impact on the
environment due to
washing out of
contaminants from various
small- to medium-size
industrial sites located in
the affected areas.
Trees were uprooted,
resulting in a significant
release of carbon dioxide
and habitat loss, as well as
wildlife impacts.
The main driver for
earthquake-induced air
pollution is dust. The
vibrations and tremors
hitting buildings and homes
loosen up dust and drive
them into the air. Tectonic
 mountain city, were shut shifts can disrupt sediment
down due to landslides and and expose them to the air
it took three days before where they linger as
enough landslide debris particulates for days or
was cleared to allow even longer.
access by road to the
stricken city.
6. TYPHOON IKE August 31, 1984 Cause major flooding, Trees were uprooted,
Siargao which can drown animals resulting in a significant
and destroy their natural release of carbon dioxide
environments. Smaller and habitat loss, as well as
animals and food supplies wildlife impacts.
disappear and get killed, it
affects larger animals
because they can no
longer find enough food.
Hurricane Ike's winds and
massive waves destroyed
oil platforms, tossed
storage tanks and
punctured pipelines.
Hurricane Ike's winds and
massive waves destroyed
oil platforms, tossed
storage tanks and
punctured pipelines.
7. TAAL VOLCANO January 30, 1911 The damage caused by the Vog is a type of air
Luzon Taal volcano (soils buried pollution caused by
by ash, smoke clouds) is volcanoes. It consists of
likely to be long-lasting and fine droplets containing
to have a significant impact volcanic gas such as SO2
on agricultural land, which is acidic and can
livestock (many animals cause irritation of the eyes,
 were killed), the access to throat, and respiratory tract
drinking water and air in severities depending on
quality. the gas concentrations and
durations of exposure.
8. MAYON VOLCANO Febraury 1, 1814 Acidic gases and The study revealed that
Albay ash produced by volcanos outbound airmass
can cause respiratory patternss from Mt. Mayon
issues to children primarily, had Southwest direction
but also to adults. Volcanic that carried Sulfur dioxide
ash can also damage and ash plumes till
machinery and, once mixed Malaysia. The case study
with water, can collapse shows huge vegetation
the roofs of buildings. Ash loss and sudden rise in
produced by volcanos can SO2 concentration over
have an impact hundreds Sarawak from 1st Feb
of kilometres from its origin. 2018 to 4th Feb 2018.
9. LANDSLIDE February 17, 2006 Effects of landslides desertification, wildfires,
GUINSAUGON Guinsaugon, Southern include the cost to repair loss of biodiversity, land,
Leyte structures, loss of property water and air pollution,
value, disruption of
transportation routes,
medical costs in the event
of injury, and indirect costs
such as lost timber and lost
fish stocks. Water
availability, quantity and
quality can be affected by
landslides
10. TYPHOON RAI December 16,2011 It brought torrential rains, Trees were uprooted,
Northern Mindanao violent winds, landslides, resulting in a significant
and storm surges. release of carbon dioxide
The typhoon and habitat loss, as well as
caused widespread wildlife impacts.
flooding which affected
more than 420,000
hectares of land and
damaged or destroyed
925,000 houses. “We live
here because our only
livelihood comes from the
sea. We pulled out all the
boats for safety, but the
waves still reached them
and reached the roads.