Notes to the sky-gods' earliest Consorts

(Diwia, Metis, Θemis, Minerva,...)

Joannes Richter

Language The Sky-god 1. Virtue (wisdom) 2. Virtue (justice)

D***(*) M**** Θ***(*)

Patterns

D***(*) ***** Θ***(*)

Linear B Di-we (DIWO) Minos (MINOS) Di-wi-ja (DIWIA)
Greek 1 Διϝός DIWÓS *Weyds - WEYDS (to see) *Διϝωνᾱ (DIWŌnā)
Greek 2 Zeús (ZiEUS) Metis (METIS) Themis (ΘEMIS)
Greek 3 Zeús (ZEUS) Athina ((A)ΘINA, Pallas Athena)
Etruscan Tinia (TINIA) Menrva - (MEN(i)RVA) ---
Latin 1 DIOUS- PITER Minerva (MINERVA) DIOUS-ticia
Latin 2 Jupiter (IU-PITER) Minerva (MINERVA) IUS-ticia
Germanic *Teiws (TEIWS) (W)Odin Víðarr (VIDAR) Tiwaz – TIW(AZ)
Table 1 The Proto-Indo-European pantheon – including Patterns, the Consorts and Virtues

Abstract
Dyeus, the reconstructed sky deity of the Proto-Indo-European pantheon and etymological origin of
Zeus had been accompanied by 4 consorts: Diwia, Dia, Dione, Metis and Themis.
The earliest name of the consort may be identified in Mycenaean Greek, written in the Linear B[n
2] syllabary, as Diwia (di-u-ja / di-wi-ja), which is interpreted as the female counterpart of Zeus (in
Linear-B: di-we / di-wo), possibly Dione in later Greek[1][19][21][34] 1.
In Latin alphabet the Mycenaean Greek name di-wi-ja may be spelled as Diwija or Diwia 2. Dione
(Διώνη Diṓnē, from earlier *Διϝωνᾱ Diwōnā) is essentially the feminine of the genitive form of
Greek Ζεύς Zeús, that is, Διός Diós (from earlier Διϝός Diwós), "of Zeus". Other goddesses were
called by this name (see the Dione (mythology) article for more).[3]3 Dia (Ancient Greek: Δία or
Δῖα, "heavenly", "divine" or "she who belongs to Zeus"), in ancient Greek religion and folklore,
may refer to Dione4. Dione is not mentioned in Hesiod's treatment of the Titans, although the name
does appear in the Theogony among his list of Oceanids, the daughters of Oceanus and Tethys,[14] 5
According Hesiod's Theogony Metis is the first consort of Zeus, respectively Themis the second
consort of Zeus.
1 List of Mycenaean deities - Wikipedia
2 Diwia in the List of Mycenaean deities - Wikipedia
3 Smith, William. Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology: "Dióne". Spottiswoode & Co.
(London), 1873.
4 Dia (mythology) - Wikipedia
5 Dione
The legendary Consorts of Zeus
A Linear-B name Diwja for Zeus and Di-u-ja
Following the deciphering of Linear B by Ventris and Chadwick in the 1950s, a goddess named Di-
u-ja was found in the tablets. This name Di-u-ja was considered to be a female counterpart of Zeus
(in Linear-B: di-we / di-wo) and identified with Dione by some scholars.

Dia and Dione

In Latin alphabet the Mycenaean Greek name di-wi-ja may be spelled as Diwija or Diwia6. In
classic Greek and Latin language the name Di-u-ja may have been shortened to Dia and Dione.
Dione (Διώνη Diṓnē, from earlier *Διϝωνᾱ Diwōnā) is essentially the feminine of the genitive form
of Greek Ζεύς Zeús, that is, Διός Diós (from earlier Διϝός Diwós), "of Zeus". Other goddesses were
called by this name (see the Dione (mythology) article for more).[3]7 Dione is not mentioned in
Hesiod's treatment of the Titans, although the name does appear in the Theogony among his list of
Oceanids, the daughters of Oceanus and Tethys,[14] and according to Hesiod,

The consort Metis and Themis as virtues of Zeus

Metis (Ancient Greek: Μῆτις, romanized: Mêtis, lit. 'wisdom', 'skill', or 'craft'), in ancient Greek
religion and mythology, was one of the Oceanids.[1] She is notable for being the first wife and
advisor of Zeus, the King of the Gods. Metis is the first consort of Zeus, who is listed in Hesiod's
Theogony:
Now Zeus, king of the gods, made Metis (METIS) his wife first, and she was wisest
among gods and mortal men8.

In Greek mythology and religion, Themis (Ancient Greek: Θέμις, romanized: Themis, lit. 'justice,
law, custom')[2] is the goddess and personification of justice, divine order, law, and custom 9. She is
one of the twelve Titan children of Gaia and Uranus, and the second wife of Zeus. Themis is the
second consort of Zeus, who is listed in Hesiod's Theogony:
Next he married bright Themis (ΘEMIS) who bare the Horae (Hours), and Eunomia
(Order), Diké (Justice), and blooming Eirene (Peace), who mind the works of mortal
men, and the Moerae (Fates) to whom wise Zeus gave the greatest honor, Clotho, and
Lachesis, and Atropos who give mortal men evil and good to have10.

The sky-god Dyeus (DIEUS), and his virtues Metis (wisdom: METIS) and Themis (justice:
ΘEMIS) are pentagrammatons, which correlate with the Germanic sky-god *Teiws (TEIWS),
respectively the virtues “wisdom” and “justice”.
In the Germanic pantheon the virtues wisdom (WIT(ES)) and justice (TIW(ES)) may be identified
as the gods “Wodin” & his son: Víðarr (VIDAR), respectively “justice”: Tiw (TIW).

6 Diwia in the List of Mycenaean deities - Wikipedia

7 Smith, William. Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology: "Dióne". Spottiswoode & Co.
(London), 1873.
8 Hesiod, the Homeric Hymns and Homerica, transl. by H. G. Evelyn-White (1920)
9 Themis means "divine law" rather than human ordinance, literally "that which is put in place", from the Greek verb
títhēmi (τίθημι), meaning "to put."[3]
10 Hesiod, the Homeric Hymns and Homerica, transl. by H. G. Evelyn-White (1920)
The corresponding virtues wisdom and justice
The Days of the Week
In English the Days of the Week are spelled with capitalized letters.
In some languages (English and Dutch) the remains of the Set of Keywords may be found in the
Days of the Week, which in English still are capitalized: Tuesday and Wednesday.
1. Usually the Thursday is devoted to the sky-god Týr (Gothic: *TEIWS, later *Tīus,
Provencal: DIÉU, Sanskrit: DIAUS).
2. Tuesday is devoted to the virtue TIW(ES) for Justice.
3. Wednesday is devoted to the virtue WIT(ES) for Wisdom11.

An overview of the sky-gods, 1st virtue (wisdom) and 2nd

virtue (iustice)
The 1st Virtue (wisdom) is devoted to Zeus (ZEUS)' 1st consort Metis (METIS) and the 2nd virtue
(justice) to Zeus' 2nd consort, Themis (ΘEMIS).
• The sky-gods are Di-we (DIWO), Zeús (ZiEUS), Tinia (TINIA), DIOUS- PITER, Jupiter
(IU-PITER), *Teiws (TEIWS). The patterns are: D***(*) and D***(*).
• The 1st Virtue (wisdom) is related to Minos (MINOS), Metis (METIS), Athina ((A)ΘINA,
Pallas Athena), Menrva - (MEN(i)RVA), Minerva (MINERVA), (W)Odin Víðarr (VIDAR).
The patterns are: M**** and *****.
• The 2nd virtue (justice) is related to Di-wi-ja (DIWIA), Themis (ΘEMIS), (D)IOU(S)-
ticia, Tiwaz – TIW(AZ). The patterns are: Θ***(*) and Θ***(*).

Language The Sky-god 1st Virtue (wisdom) 2nd virtue (justice)

Zeus' 1st consort Zeus' 2nd consort
D***(*) M**** Θ***(*)
Patterns D***(*) ***** Θ***(*)
Linear B Di-we (DIWO) Minos (MINOS) Di-wi-ja (DIWIA)
Greek 1 Διϝός DIWÓS *Weyds - WEYDS (to see) *Διϝωνᾱ (DIWŌnā)
Greek 2 Zeús (ZiEUS) Metis (METIS) Themis (ΘEMIS)
Greek 3 Zeús (ZEUS) Athina ((A)ΘINA, Pallas Athena)
Etruscan Tinia (TINIA) Menrva - (MEN(i)RVA) ---
Latin 1 DIOUS- PITER Minerva (MINERVA) DIOUS-ticia
Latin 2 Jupiter (IU-PITER) Minerva (MINERVA) IUS-Ticia
Germanic *Teiws (TEIWS) (W)Odin Víðarr (VIDAR) Tiwaz – TIW(AZ)
French Dieu (DIEU) SaVoir (saVOIR) JUSTice

Table 2 The Proto-Indo-European pantheon – including Patterns, the Consorts and Virtues

11 Why Wotan is Related to Metis and Minerva...

The European sky-gods, 1st virtue and 2nd virtues
• The sky-gods are Di-we (DIWO), Zeús (ZiEUS), Tinia (TINIA), DIOUS- PITER, Jupiter
(IU-PITER), *Teiws (TEIWS) and Dieu (DIEU). The patterns are: D***(*) and D***(*).
• The 1st Virtue (wisdom) is related to Minos (MINOS), Metis (METIS), Athina ((A)ΘINA,
Pallas Athena), Menrva - (MEN(i)RVA), Minerva (MINERVA), (W)Odin Víðarr (VIDAR)
and saVOIR. The patterns are: M**** and *****.
• The 2nd virtue (justice) is related to Di-wi-ja (DIWIA), Themis (ΘEMIS), (D)IOU(S)-ticia,
Tiwaz – TIW(AZ), JUSTice. The patterns are: Θ***(*) and Θ***(*).

The Germanic sky-god and the virtues wisdom and justice

• Basically these words share the same roots as letters T, E, I, W, S, which may be reordered
to complete the Set of Words virtue TIW(ES), respectively WIT(ES).
• The relation between the Germanic wisdom (Tiwaz – TIWAZ) seems to correlate with the
Early Greek or even the Mycenaean Greek Diwija or Diwia (DIUJA / DIWIA) and also
DIWÓS (the genitive Διϝός “of Zeus”).
• The Germanic name Tiw (justice, TIW) may have been derived from Mycenaean-Greek DI-
WO (“Zeus”).
The Germanic name Vid (VID) may have been derived from Greek ΒΊΝΤΕΟ / Latin
VIDERE (“to see”).

The Greek virtue Wisdom and “to see”

• The virtue Wisdom is applied in serious inspecting, viewing (METIS, VOIR) and observing
the problematic object.

The relations between names Athina – Tinia, Minos –

Metis – Minerva
• Minerva (Etruscan: Menrva) is the Roman goddess of wisdom, justice, law, victory, and
the sponsor of arts, trade, and strategy. From the second century BC onward, the Romans
equated her with the Greek goddess Athena.[3]
• Athina, Athena[b] or Athene,[c] often given the epithet Pallas,[d] is an ancient Greek
goddess associated with wisdom, warfare, and handicraft[3] who was later syncretized with
the Roman goddess Minerva.[4] 12.
• Athena was born from the head of Zeus after his swallowing of Metis. Therefore Athena
may be identified as a protector of both wisdom and justice.
• The Etruscan sky-god Tinia (TINIA) may be related to Athina ((A)ΘINA, Pallas Athena).
• The Linear-B royal name Minos (MINOS) may be related to Metis (METIS) and Menrva -
(MEN(i)RVA) and Minerva (MINERVA) and (W)Odin (WODIN) and Víðarr (VIDAR).

12 Athena
Personal pronouns of the 1st person singular
A few personal pronouns of the 1st person singular may be derived as segments from divine
names. The derivations from the earth-gods may have been earlier than the relations to the
sky-gods.
Both personal pronouns of the 1st person singular “ÉǴʰŌ” may be derived from a dark Mother
Earth (*Dʰéǵʰōm Méh₂tēr) and “YḖU” from the daylight Father Sky Dyēus.
*(H1)ÚǴ may be the the core of the Hittite sky-Father Šiwat (ŠIWAT).
The Provencal ego-pronoun is IḖU.
The Latin ego-pronoun is EGO.
In Slavic languages the ego-pronoun is spelled “Ya” and is symbolized in the Cyrillic symbol “ЯЯ
“.
In the following list the ego-pronouns (“I”) are composed from guttural, palatal and labial.
Ego- Language Symbol Name Pentagram Parent
pronoun
1a ÉǴʰŌ Latin Earth Mother *Dʰéǵʰōm *DʰÉǴʰŌM MÉH₂TĒR female

1b ΕΓΏ Greek Earth Mother *Dʰéǵʰōm *DʰÉǴʰŌM MÉH₂TĒR female

2a *ÉǴH₂ Sanskrit Sky Father Dyaus Pita DYÁUS PITĀ(R) male
2b IḖU Provencal Sky Father Dieus Piter *DYḖUS PH₂TḖR male
2c IOU Latin Sky Father Dious Piter *DIOUS PH₂TḖR male
3 *(H1)ÚǴ Hittite Day Šiwat ŠIWAT
4 Ya (Я) Cyrillic Sky Father Дьяус (Dyaus) DYÁUṢ male
Slavic Land Zemlya ZEMLJA female
Table 3 Personal pronouns of the 1st person singular (ego-pronouns)

Some of the Slavic ego-pronouns JA or Ya (Я) may be also be concatenated at the end of the name
for the sky-Father or the land:

Ego- Language Symbol Name Pentagram Parent

pronoun
44 Ya (Я) Cyrillic Sky Father Дьяус (Dyaus) DYÁUṢ male
Slavic Land Zemlya ZEMLJA female
4b ꙗЗЪ (JAZŬ), Old East Slavic Sky Father Дьяус (Dyaus) DYÁUṢ male
ꙗ (JA) Land Zemlya ZEMLJA female
Table 4 The Slavic Personal pronouns of the 1st person singular (ego-pronouns)
The basic formula for derivations from the sky-god13
YḖU as a substring of the sky-Father Dyēus (*DYḖUS PH₂TḖR)
*Dyḗus (lit. "daylight-sky-god"), also *Dyḗus ph₂tḗr (lit. "father daylight-sky-god"),[1][2] is the
reconstructed name of the daylight-sky god in Proto-Indo-European mythology. *Dyēus was
conceived as a divine personification of the bright sky of the day and the seat of the gods, the
*deywṓs.
Associated with the vast diurnal sky and with the fertile rains, *Dyēus (DYḖUS) often paired with
*Dʰéǵʰōm (DʰÉǴʰŌM), the Earth Mother, in a relationship of union and contrast.14
In order to generate a divine name we would norm formally have to insert a genuine personal
pronoun of the first person singular between a leading character D, Z, Th or Þ and eventually the
trailing character S. In Provencal language for instance the divine name Diéu will be generated by
D and the pronoun iéu.
A list of examples explains some of the generating mechanisms15:
• Provencal: “D” + “iéu” = “Diéu”
• Italian: “D” + “ió” = “Dió”
• Spanish: “D” + “yo” + “s” = “Dios”
• Portuguese: “D” + “eu + “s” = “Deus”
• Romanian: “Z” + “eu” = “Zeu”
• old-German: “D” + “ih” + “s” = “Dis”16
• English: “D” + “i” + “s” = “Dis” (also described by Julius Caesar)
• Romance: “D” + “jau” = “Diéu” (ideally: Djaus)
• Sursilvanic : “D” + “jeu” = “Diéu”
• Sutsilvanic :“D” + “jou” = “Diéu” (ideally: Djous)
• Sicilian dialect: “D” + “iu” = “Diu”
• Old High German: “Z” + “i(u)” = “Ziu”, which may related the neighboring area
• Sutsilvanic :“D” + “jou” = “Diéu” (which is to be located in the Alps).
• Old English: “T” + “ich” = “Tig”, which may be related to the German pronoun “ich”17.
• The center of the Cyrillic name Дьяус for DYÁUṢ contains the ligature Я (“ya”), which is
based on a palate vowel “y“ and a guttural vowel “a”.

13 The Hermetic Codex II - Bipolar Monotheism (Scribd)

14 Dyēus
15 Details: The Deity Dis in the Gallic Wars and Hieroglyphs in Indo-European Languages
16 Dis has 53 BC been described by Julius Caesar in De Bello Gallico, Book VI- chapter 18
17 Similar pronouns are gothic-Dutch “ik”, ags. “ic and Icelandic “ek”
The basic formula for derivations from the earth-god18
EGO as a substring of the Mother Earth (*DʰÉǴʰŌM MÉH₂TĒR)
The Mother Earth (*Dʰéǵʰōm Méh₂tēr) is generally portrayed as the vast (*pll th₂éwih₂) and dark
(*dʰengwo-) abode of mortals, the one who bears all things and creatures. She is often paired with
Dyēus, the daylight sky and seat of the never-dying and heavenly gods.
The Proto-Indo-European (PIE) word for 'earth', *dʰ(é)ǵʰōm (acc. dʰǵʰ-ém-m, gen.
*dʰǵʰ-mós), is among the most widely attested words in Indo-European languages (cf.
Albanian dhe and toka; Hittite tēkan, tagān; Sanskrit kṣám; Greek khthṓn; Latin humus;
Avestan zam; Tocharian tkaṃ; Old Irish dú, Lithuanian žẽmė; Old Slavonic ZEMLJA),
which makes it one of the most securely reconstructed PIE terms.[1] 19

Derivations from Sky-Father or Earth-Mother

One of the earth-gods is a pentagrammaton: Zemlja or Zemlya (earth, ZEMLJA → ЗЕМЛЯЯ ). From
20
Russian Ноовая Земляо (Nóvaja Zemljá, literally “New Land”) . The trailing letter Я („ja“) may be
interpreted as a Russian ego-pronoun. The center of the Cyrillic name Дьяус for Dyáuṣ contains the
ligature Я (“ya”), which is based on a palate vowel “y“ and a guttural vowel “a”.

The (Cyrillic) ligature Я (Ya)

The (Cyrillic) ligature Я is named Ya and as a word Я is the personal pronoun of the first person
singular.
Ya (Я я; italics: Я я) is a letter of the Cyrillic script, the civil script variant of Old Cyrillic
Little Yus (Ѧ ѧ).
Little yus (Ѧ ѧ) and big yus (Ѫ ѫ), or jus, are letters of the Cyrillic script[1] representing
two Common Slavonic nasal vowels in the early Cyrillic and Glagolitic alphabets. Each can
occur in iotified form (Ѩ ѩ, Ѭ ѭ), formed as ligatures with the decimal i (І). Other yus
letters are blended yus (Ꙛ ꙛ), closed little yus (Ꙙ ꙙ) and iotified closed little yus (Ꙝ ꙝ). 21
In the specimens of the civil script produced for Peter I, forms of Ѩ, Ѧ and Я were grouped
together; Peter removed the first two, leaving only я in the modern alphabet, and its use in Russian
remains the same to the present day. 22

Fig. 1: Early Cyrillic letter “Little Yus” (Yusu Maliy), set in lowercase
Kirillica Nova font, created by GTRus (licensed: CC BY-SA 4.0)

18 The Hermetic Codex II - Bipolar Monotheism (Scribd)

19 *Dʰéǵʰōm - Wikipedia
20 Nova Zembla
21 Yus
22 History Ya (Cyrillic)
The basic formula for derivations from the day-god (?)
*(H1)ÚǴ as a core of the Hittite sky-Father Šiwat (ŠIWAT)
The nominative of the ancient Anatolian personal pronoun of the 1 st person is (in Singular,
Nominative): *(h1)úǵ23. This Hittite ego-pronoun may be interpreted as: *(H1)ÚǴ.24
The Hittite cognate deity Šiwat (ŠIWAT) also may be interpreted as a pentagram. The nominative is
Šiwaz „day“).
An included ego-pronoun *(H1)ÚǴ may have been reversed inside the mirrored Šiwat
(ŠIWAT) ↔ Tiwaz (TIWAZ).
Tiwaz (stem: Tiwad-) was the Luwian Sun-god. He was among the most important gods of
the Luwians. Tiwaz may be a pentagram (TIWAZ), which is an equivalent of the Germanic
sky-god Tivar respectively Tiw (Týr, TIWAZ). Tuesday is named after Týr ('Týr's day').

23 Das Hethitische und der grundsprachliche Vokalismus des Personalpronomens der 1. Sg. (Von Zsolt Simon )
24 Die Etymologie des Personalpronomens 'Ic(h)'
Summary
This essay concentrates on the correlations between the names of the sky-god, the 1 st and 2nd virtues,
which had been devoted to and symbolized by divine names. The range for the composition of the
5-letter pentagrammatons may be identified between the episode Linear B up to the modern French
and Provencal languages.
Most of these names are pentagrammatons (one letter as a representation of one of the phonetic
categories: labial, lingual, palatal, guttural, dental).

Language The Sky-god 1st Virtue (wisdom) 2nd virtue (justice)

Zeus' 1st consort Zeus' 2nd consort

D***(*) M**** Θ***(*)

Patterns

D***(*) ***** Θ***(*)

Linear B Di-we (DIWO) Minos (MINOS) Di-wi-ja (DIWIA)
Greek 1 Διϝός DIWÓS *Weyds - WEYDS (to see) *Διϝωνᾱ (DIWŌnā)
Greek 2 Zeús (ZiEUS) Metis (METIS) Themis (ΘEMIS)
Greek 3 Zeús (ZEUS) Athina ((A)ΘINA, Pallas Athena)
Etruscan Tinia (TINIA) Menrva - (MEN(i)RVA) ---
Latin 1 DIOUS- PITER Minerva (MINERVA) DIOUS-ticia
Latin 2 Jupiter (IU-PITER) Minerva (MINERVA) IUS-Ticia
Germanic *Teiws (TEIWS) (W)Odin Víðarr (VIDAR) Tiwaz – TIW(AZ)
French Dieu (DIEU) Voir (VOIR) JUSTice

Table 5 The Proto-Indo-European pantheon – including Patterns, the Consorts and Virtues
Dyeus, the reconstructed sky deity of the Proto-Indo-European pantheon and etymological origin of
Zeus had been accompanied by 4 consorts: Diwia, Dia, Dione, Metis and Themis.
The earliest name of the consort may be identified in Mycenaean Greek, written in the Linear B[n
2] syllabary, as Diwia (di-u-ja / di-wi-ja), which is interpreted as the female counterpart of Zeus (in
Linear-B: di-we / di-wo), possibly Dione in later Greek[1][19][21][34] 25.
In Latin alphabet the Mycenaean Greek name di-wi-ja may be spelled as Diwija or Diwia 26. Dione
(Διώνη Diṓnē, from earlier *Διϝωνᾱ Diwōnā) is essentially the feminine of the genitive form of
Greek Ζεύς Zeús, that is, Διός Diós (from earlier Διϝός Diwós), "of Zeus". Other goddesses were
called by this name (see the Dione (mythology) article for more).[3]27 Dia (Ancient Greek: Δία or
Δῖα, "heavenly", "divine" or "she who belongs to Zeus"), in ancient Greek religion and folklore,
may refer to Dione28. Dione is not mentioned in Hesiod's treatment of the Titans, although the name
does appear in the Theogony among his list of Oceanids, the daughters of Oceanus and Tethys,[14]
29
According Hesiod's Theogony Metis is the first consort of Zeus, respectively Themis the second
consort of Zeus.
25 List of Mycenaean deities - Wikipedia
26 Diwia in the List of Mycenaean deities - Wikipedia
27 Smith, William. Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology: "Dióne". Spottiswoode & Co.
(London), 1873.
28 Dia (mythology) - Wikipedia
29 Dione
The European sky-gods, 1st virtue and 2nd virtues
• The sky-gods are Di-we (DIWO), Zeús (ZiEUS), Tinia (TINIA), DIOUS- PITER, Jupiter
(IU-PITER), *Teiws (TEIWS) and Dieu (DIEU). The patterns are: D***(*) and D***(*).
• The 1st Virtue (wisdom) is related to Minos (MINOS), Metis (METIS), Athina ((A)ΘINA,
Pallas Athena), Menrva - (MEN(i)RVA), Minerva (MINERVA), (W)Odin Víðarr (VIDAR)
and saVOIR. The patterns are: M**** and *****.
• The 2nd virtue (justice) is related to Di-wi-ja (DIWIA), Themis (ΘEMIS), (D)IOU(S)-ticia,
Tiwaz – TIW(AZ), JUSTice. The patterns are: Θ***(*) and Θ***(*).
Contents
Abstract.................................................................................................................................................1
The legendary Consorts of Zeus...........................................................................................................2
A Linear-B name Diwja for Zeus and Di-u-ja.................................................................................2
Dia and Dione..................................................................................................................................2
The consort Metis and Themis as virtues of Zeus...........................................................................2
The corresponding virtues wisdom and justice....................................................................................3
The Days of the Week......................................................................................................................3
An overview of the sky-gods, 1st virtue (wisdom) and 2nd virtue (iustice)..................................3
The European sky-gods, 1st virtue and 2nd virtues.........................................................................4
The Germanic sky-god and the virtues wisdom and justice............................................................4
The Greek virtue Wisdom and “to see”...........................................................................................4
The relations between names Athina – Tinia, Minos – Metis – Minerva........................................4
Personal pronouns of the 1st person singular.......................................................................................5
The basic formula for derivations from the sky-god.......................................................................6
YḖU as a substring of the sky-Father Dyēus (*DYḖUS PH₂TḖR) ...........................................6
The basic formula for derivations from the earth-god.....................................................................7
EGO as a substring of the Mother Earth (*DʰÉǴʰŌM MÉH₂TĒR)............................................7
Derivations from Sky-Father or Earth-Mother................................................................................7
The (Cyrillic) ligature Я (Ya)......................................................................................................7
The basic formula for derivations from the day-god (?)..................................................................8
*(H1)ÚǴ as a core of the Hittite sky-Father Šiwat (ŠIWAT).....................................................8
Summary...............................................................................................................................................9
The European sky-gods, 1st virtue and 2nd virtues.......................................................................10