PE 2 PATHFIT 2

PHYSICAL ACTVITITES
TOWARDS HEALTH AND
FITNESS (PATHFIT 2):
Exercise Based Fitness
Activities
 PATHFIT 2

Legal Basis of Physical Education as a course.

CHED Memorandum Order No. 39, Series of 2021

POLICIES, STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF
TERTIARY PHYSICAL EDUCATION: PHYSICAL ACTIVITY TOWARDS HEALTH
AND FITNESS (PATHFIT) COURSES.

Article XIV, Section 19 of the Philippine Constitution mandates that:

“The State shall promote physical education and encourage
sports programs, league competitions, and amateur sports, including
training for international competitions, lo foster self-discipline,
teamwork, and excellence for the development of a healthy and alert
citizenry. All educational institutions shall undertake regular sports
activities throughout the country in cooperation with athletic clubs and
other sectors.”
 PATHFIT 2

LESSON 1:
PHSYICAL FITNESS
AND
WELNESS
 PATHFIT 2

LESSON 1:
PHSYICAL FITNESS AND WELNESS
 Physical Fitness
 11 Components of Physical Fitness
 Wellness
 8 Dimension of Wellness
 FITNESS PATHFIT 2

Physical fitness refers to your body systems capacity to function

effectively together o allow you to be healthy and perform daily
living activities. Being physically fit means completing everyday tasks
with the minimum possible effort. A fit person can do school work, do
duties at home, and have enough time to enjoy sports and other
leisure activities.
WELLNESS
Wellness is the act of consistently practicing healthy habits to achieve better physical and
mental health results, so you prosper while living, rather than just living.

According to The World Health Organization, wellness is " ... state of complete physical,
mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity"

Similarly, the National Wellness Institute defines wellness as " conscious, self-directed and
evolving process of achieving full potential." Maintaining an optimal level of wellness is utterly
essential to a better quality of life.
 PATHFIT 2
8 DIMENTION OF WELLNESS
This dimension is about understanding your feelings,
EMOTIONAL
coping with problems and stress effectively.
This dimension helps us to live in harmony with our
ENVIRONMENTAL
surroundings by doing something to preserve it
This relates to the process of learning how to handle your
FINANCIAL
finances effectively
This involves keeping an open mind as you come across
INTELLECTUAL
new ideas and improving your knowledge further.
This dimension of wellness encourages personal fulfillment
OCCUPATIONAL
and enrichment of one's life through work.
This relates to keeping a safe body and finding treatment when
PHYSICAL
appropriate.
This helps you to develop a set of spiritual values that will help
you achieve purpose and meaning SPIRITUAL

This refers to the relationships we have and how we interact

SOCIAL
with others.
11 Components of
Fitness
(health and
skill-related)
Health-related fitness standards are the lowest fitness
requirements for keeping good health, reducing the
risk of chronic illnesses, and decreasing muscular-
skeletal injuries.

1. Body composition; 4. Muscular strength;

2. Flexibility; 5. Muscular
3. Cardiorespiratory endurance.
endurance;
A. The fat and nonfat components of the human body, which are
important in assessing recommended body weight.

BODY COMPOSITION
B. The ability of a joint to move freely through its full range of
motion.

FLEXIBILITY
C. The lungs, heart, and blood vessels capacity to supply the cells
with enough quantity of oxygen to meet the demands of
sustained physical exercise.

CARDIORESPIRATORY ENDURANCE
D. The ability of a muscle to exert maximum
force against resistance.

MUSCULAR STRENGTH
E. The capacity of the muscle to exercise
force continuously over time.

MUSCULAR ENDURANCE
Motor-skill-related fitness are fitness programs
that are used to improve athletic ability. Skill-
related fitness components consist of

1. Agility 5. Reaction time

2. Balance 6. Speed
3. Coordination
4. Power
o The capacity to rapidly and efficiently move and change
the body's direction and position while under control.
o The power to stand upright or remain in control of body
movements, whether stable or moving.
o The ability to effectively and efficiently control two or
more body parts.
o The capacity to apply full power in as short a time as
possible.
o The ability to respond rapidly to stimuli.
o The capacity to move rapidly across the ground or grab
or throw the legs and arms instantly.
 PATHFIT 2

LESSON 2:
BIOMECHANICS
AND BODY
MOVEMENTS
 Biomechanics
Biomechanics is the study and science of how biological organisms
systems and structures react to external forces and stimuli.
Biomechanics is the science of movement of a living body, including how
muscles, bones, tendons, and ligaments work together to produce
movement.
Biomechanics is part of the larger field of kinesiology, specifically focusing
on the mechanics of the movement. (Rogers, 2019)
 ELEMENTS OF BIOMECHANICS PATHFIT 2

1. MOTION The movement of a body or an

object across space. Speed and
acceleration are major elements of
motion.
2. FORCE This is the push or pull that causes a
person or an object to accelerate,
decelerate, stop, or change
direction
3. MOMENTUM This is the product of a weight and its
velocity when it is moved.
 ELEMENTS OF BIOMECHANICS PATHFIT 2

4. LEVERS Our arms and legs act as levers; there

are three parts to a lever – the
resistance arm, the fulcrum, and the
axis of rotation.
5. BALANCE It is about being stable. An important
principle of balance is the alignment
of the body’s center of gravity over
the base of support. Having a good
balance is important for many
sporting and exercise activities.
 Tip: Practice the speech enough so that the
PATHFIT 2
timing and transitions become natural.

PRINCIPLES USED IN BIOMECHANICS

DYNAMICS
The study of moving systems that undergo acceleration and deceleration.
KINEMATICS
The study of motion patterns describes the effect of forces on a system, including
linear and angulate variations in velocity through time, position, displacement,
speed, and acceleration.
KINETICS
The study of what generates motion and the forces and duration at, work.
STATICS
The study of system at equilibrium, whether at rest or moving at a constant
velocity.
 Tip: Practice the speech enough so that the
PATHFIT 2
timing and transitions become natural.

Fundamental Body Movements

Fundamental body movements are the
foundations for physical activities such as games, sports,
and recreational activities. They are a specific collection
of skills that involve various body parts but should NOT
be confused with sporting abilities. Before anyone can
participate in physical activities requiring body
management and skillful movement, basic movement
skills must first be mastered before learning more
complex, specialized skills such as those needed for
games, sports, and recreational activities.
Fundamental Movement Skills

Fundamental movement skills are a particular

set of skills that require the used different body
parts, such as feet, legs, shoulders, body, head,
arms, and hands. They are is foundation for more
advanced and specialized skills that learners will
need to participate is various games, sports, and
leisure activities during their lives.
 Tip: Practice the speech enough so that the
Fundamental movement skills PATHFIT 2
timing and transitions become natural.

can be categorized into three groups:

(1) Body management skills which involve balancing, maintaining
equilibrium and postural control of the body in stillness and in
motion such as rolling, stopping stretching, bending, twisting,
landing, climbing, and turning;
(2) Locomotor skills which involve transporting the body in any
direction from one point to another such as walking, running,
jumping, hopping, galloping, marching and skipping;
(3) Object control skills require controlling implements and objects
such as balls, hoops, bats, and ribbons that involve the use of body
parts, such as hands and feet.
Movement principles

Movement principles provide a solid foundation for

physical activities in any environment, with or without
any equipment. They can be introduced in simple, age-
appropriate ways to help students improve their
movements' efficiency and effectiveness. The
application of these principles becomes more refined
as movement competence improves.
 Tip: Practice the speech enough so that the
PATHFIT 2
timing and transitions become natural.

Some movement principles include:

(1) Balance. The capacity to sustain the body's line of gravity
within the support base with minimal postural sway.
(2) Centering. Your human body's core, where all body
movements emanate and hold you as you move
together.
(3) Center of gravity. The balance point or that point where
all the body's weight is distributed equally across
all sides.
 Tip: Practice the speech enough so that the
PATHFIT 2
timing and transitions become natural.

(4) Posture. The body's presumed position either with support

during muscle activity or a coordinated action by a
group of muscles working to maintain stability.
(5) Gesture. The use of the body to convey emotions and
ideas through movement patterns as an expressive
instrument.
(6) Rhythm. The pattern and emphasis of beats.
(7) Breathing. The use of inhalation and exhalation to give
fluidity and harmony to a person's movement.
 Tip: Practice the speech enough so that the
PATHFIT 2
timing and transitions become natural.

Types of
Fundamental
Body Movements
✓ LOCOMOTOR MOVEMENTS

✓ NON-LOCOMOTOR MOVEMENTS
Prepared by:

SHUTTLELYN M. ALIMAJEN, LPT

PE Instructor