Table - Approach, Method, Strategy, Procedure & Techniques

Term Definition Example Source

Language A broad theoretical Communicative Language Larsen-Freeman, D.

Learning framework or Teaching (CLT): Focuses on (2000). Techniques and
Approach philosophy guiding meaningful communication Principles in Language
language learning. and interaction in the target Teaching. Oxford
language. University Press.

Teaching Specific techniques Direct Method: Emphasizes

Method and activities used to oral communication through Richards, J. C., & Rodgers,
facilitate language immersive practice and avoids T. S. (2001). Approaches
learning within an translation. and Methods in Language
approach. Teaching. Cambridge
University Press.

Learning Strategies employed Mnemonics: Using memory Oxford, R. L. (1990).

Strategy by learners to aids like acronyms or Language Learning
enhance their visualization to remember Strategies: What Every
language acquisition vocabulary. Teacher Should Know.
process. Newbury House
Publishers.

Teaching A series of steps or Task-based Learning: Nunan, D. (2004). Task-

Procedure actions followed by Introducing a task, letting based Language Teaching.
the teacher to achieve students work on it in groups, Cambridge University
specific learning and then discussing their Press.
goals. findings.

Teaching Specific actions or Brown, H. D. (2001).

Techniques practices employed Role-playing: Students act out Teaching by Principles: An
by teachers to scenarios to practice language Interactive Approach to
facilitate language use in real-life situations. Language Pedagogy.
learning. Pearson Education.