49. The skin contains various receptors that act together (1) iU{aytllla!

are still
(2) LUillystsIy and it is not (3) uniformlv sensitive to (4) allqf these properties across
(5) its entire surface.

50. staryilg]ailli9!! (2) fl!!L (3) enough food to

For the world s (1) keep body and soul
toqether (4) hatbergEc the pararnount (5) contern in life.

Items 51-55
Read the lollowing passage and ahoose the best word ahoiae to comPlete the Passage.

New Scientist magazine recently 51- a report by researchers at Sheffield

University. The researchers studied identical twins who had been separated at birth and had
been taken care of by different families The results showed that the twins were often very
similar, not only in appearance but also in intelligence and personality.
More surpr sing, however. were the othel coincldences which were almost impossible
to explain. 52 -one set of female twins met again for the first time when they were
39. They both wore the same dress, had seven rings on their fingers, and the same bracelets.
There were a so some male twins lfl the study. They too had a great deal n

common. Both of them worked in the police force, and spent their holidays in N4ajorca. They
-53-
drove the same kind of car and had a dog called Toy. Each of them had married and divorced
women called Linda. and their second wives were called Elizabeth.
The researchers intend more studies in the future. This ir because these
coincidences are so remarkable and have occurred so often with tlvins that they have almost
-54-
lost count. The coincidences are so extraordinary that it is illogical to simply say that they
happen chance. It seems that there must be a more logical explanation, but so
far nobody has found out what
-5S- it s.

51. 1. plrblish 2. published

3. publishes 4. was published
5. publi5hing

52. 1. As a result 2. In contrast

3. For examp e 4. ln other words
5 To conclude

53. 1. take part 2. have taken part

3. took part 4. who took part
5. that taking part

18 16.0D,fl,l?0,1,1 ntilll
49. (1) When used (2) tooical. vitamin E oil is an excel ent moisturizer which can (3) diminish
the (4) a.p-p€!I?!!c of wrink es and (5) filgllcs.

50. (1) Before startino on a sea voyage, (2) prulcll navigators learn the sea charts, study
the saiing directions, and (3) memorize lighthouse locations to prepare themselves
(4) for anv conditions they might (5) be encountered.

Items 51-55
Read the following passage and choose the best word choi.e to (omplete the passage

Handwriting anaysts tell us that every adult in the world has their own unique way of
writing. As primary schoul children, we learned to write by fo lowing a particular style of
writing, _ _51__ as a copybook. Which copybook our handr:,riting is based on is
'.lfluenced b) where and when we grew up. At firsl we probab y wrote in a similar way to kids
of our own age. But with time, we develop individual characteristics which distinguish our
handwriting from another person's. And while two or more people may share a.ouple oI
individual characteristics, the (hance of those people _52- 20 or 30 individual
characteristics is highly unlikely.
Handwriting analysts, also referred to as graphologists, claim they can describe the
personality of the wrlter by examining the individual's handwrit ng. Il _53- a person
writes by pressing hard on the page, this indlcates an energetic or successful individual. Small
writing shows someone who has the ability to concentrate for long periods of time. Someone
writing slopes foMards I//4 is said to be warm and outgoing, whereas backward
-54
sloping writing [\\\] suggests a person who hides their emotions. Some scientists question
_55- but handwriting ana ysts have been employed by po ice forces to help solve
crimes.

51. 1. knew 2. known

3. knowing 4. that known
5. wat known

52. 1. share 2. which share

3. sharing 4. who sharing
5. have shared

53. t however 2. for example

3 therefore 4, in conclus on
5. in other words

32 i.lfl. ol. fl,lt 6tll flr][nt0]

54. 1. who 2. whom
3. that
5. of which

55. 1. reliable graphology is how 2. graphology s how reliable

3. how is reliable graphology 4. how is graphology reliable
5. how reliable graphology is

Items 56-60
choose the best answel

(A) First of all, today's mothers spend much less time with their
children. (B) A generation or two agoi most households got by on Dad's paycheck and Mom
stayed home. (C) Now many mothers work, and their children attend an after school
program, stay with a neighbor, or go hom€ to an empty house. (D) Another change is that
famiies no lonqer eat toqether. (E) In the past, Mom would be home to fix a full dinner-
salad, pot roast, potatoes, and vegetables, with homemade cake or pie to top it off.
(F) Dinner today is more {ikely to be takeout food or frozen dinners eaten at home, or fast
food eater o.rt (G) Finally, television has tdken the place of family conversation and
iogethemess. (H) Most homes even have several TV sets, whch people watch in separate
rooms. (l) Children learn how to act like grown ups by watching the adults in their family.
(J)

56. What is the best topic sentence for this paragraph?

1. Everybody in a family knows how to behave as a family member.
2. When families eat together, certain characteristics can be noticed.
3. It is helpful for us to understand what is happening to our societies.
4. There are three characteristics which contribute to strong family relationships.
5. Changes n our society in recent years have weakened Iamily I fe in many ways.

57. Which one can be added after sentence F to make a good paragraph?
1. Most fathers are home much ess than they used to be.
2. Different members of the family often eat at different times.
3. Eating together as a family is more important today than in the past.
4. Children are left at other places or are home alone much of the time.
5. Today's mothers spend much less time at home than their mothers did

[$1raRa! GAT r]'tu'ro.:nq]J

E
Items 51-55
Read the following passage and choose the best word choice to .omplete the passage.

51_ the plane is the fastest means of transportatlon, the idea of traveling by
plane does not appeal to everyone because of the frequent delays. It is _52_ when you
allow yourself plenty of time to get to the a rport and once there, it is brought to your
aftention that there is a problem with your flight. The staff at the check in are trying to
convince you that it won't be long before the problern is solved. Yet, hours later you feel let
down, as you continue to wait patiently for your boarding call. Of course, you won't gain
anlthinq by complaininq.
By this stage, you realize you are goingto miss your connecting flight and now you
must change your booklngs. You fee _53_ you're never going to get to your
destination. However, there is the slight ahance that you cou d be one of the lucky ones
spending the niqht at a top class hotel at the expense of the airline that caused your problem
in the first place. Admittedly, you would rather be heading lor your original destination.
Regular customers advise !s just 54_ the fact that no matter how frustrating this
situation miqht be, it's unavoidable and shouldn't affect us that much. Nevertheless, it will
always be a common sight to see people 55- an the hope of hearing their flight
announced.

51. 1 A though 2. lJ nless

3 As soon as 4. As though
5. In order that

52. 1. extrene frustrated 2. extremely frustrated

3. extreme fruitrating 4. extremelyfrLrstrating
5- extremely frustrate

53. 1. while 2- as if
3 4. so that
5

54. 1. accept 2. accepting

3. to accept 4. to be accepted
5. have accepted

46 uF.o't 6rt6tl,t 11lnra.rx

55. 1. eager wait 2 eager waiting
3. to eagerly wait 4. eagerly waited
5. eagerly waiting

Items 56-60
Choose the best answer.

(A) One form of communicatlon involves the display of naturai

colors and patterns or the display of certain physiral attributes. (B) Such displays are mairlly
used to warn other species to stay away or to attract the attention of the same species.
(C) Sound is another basic way for animals to communicate. (D) Most animas produce
sounds through their throats and lungs, such as the moo of a cowi or the neigh of a horse.
(E) Another form of communicaton is touch, which generates bonding. (F) For example,
mothers from the cat family lick and nuzz e their offsprlng whilst chimpanzees take time to
groom each other. (G) A less obvious form of animal communication is the use of scent or
pheromones. (H) The scent is produced through sweat, urne or feces. (I) Insects make
sounds using certain parts of their bodies (J)

56- What is the best topic sentence for this paragraph?

1. There are several ways in which animals communicate,
2. Anima communication takes place n order to signify danger.
3- The study of animal communication is a rapidly growing area of study.
4. Animals comm!nicate in order to getthe attention of potentialrnates.
5. The sagnals communicated by animals lack complexity and sophlstication.

57. Which one can be added after Sentence D to make a good paragraph?
1. It is sometimes very hard for humans to interpret anima behavior.
2. Some animals rrake a specific movement or excrete a certain smell.
3, A particular species can make different sounds to communicate things.
4. Giraffes press their neaks together when they are attracted to each other.
5. Dogs stretch their front legs out in front of them when they want to play

58. Which sentence does not belong?

1,8 2.C
3.D 4,F
5. I

ur11lhfi ar.r GAT n1B1a".iaqu 47

50. (1) An underlvino assumption of rnost market (2) rcscElgh is that people are continually
making (3) j j.!.a.nriaklcgisigrs based on their (4) desire for goods that give them the
(5) most satisfuino.

Items 51-55
Read the following passage and choose the best word choice lo complete thc paisage.

Throughout history people have always.ommunicated with one another, not only by
speech but also by movements of the hands and body. It is, on y in the last few
years that these aspects of communication have been studied at all widely. This type of
communication is known as body language or non-verbalcommunlcation.
People sometimes wonder if you can learn how body language works. It is of course
possible to read books on the subject but you also need to spend time _52_people's
movements- A railway station is a particularly good place for such observation, as here people
openly expressing eagerness, sorrow, delight impatience and many other human
by means of movement.
-53_
ernotions
If you turn down the sound on your television set and try to understand what is
happening sirnply by wat.hing the picture, you _54 even more about communi(ation
without words. By turning the sound back up every five minutes or so, it is possible to check
how acaurate your understanding is.
55_ the art of body language, you will have a definite advantage at a boring
pairy. You will be able to sit on your own for the whole evening and thoroughly enjoy
yourself by both watching and interpreting the body languag€ of all the other people there.

51. 1. otherwlse 2. however

3. moreover 4. therefore
5. meanwhile

52. 1- observe 2- to observe

3. observed 4. that observe
5. observing

53. 1. to see 2. aan see

3. to be seen 4. can be seen
5. have seen

60 aioni lrnroiq
54. 1. learn 2. learned
3. willlearn 4. would learn
5. had leerned

55. 1. Study 2. Have studied

3. Have studying 4. Having studied
5. To be studied

Items 55-50
Choose the best answer.

(A) First, work en.ourages teenagers to become materla isti..

(B) Very few young workers actualy give their earnings to their parents or save for their own
future. (C) Another reason is that working students do not have time for extracurricular
activities, and if they miss the many proqrams and clubs that high schools offer, they will
never have a second chance to take advantage of them. (D) These extracurricular programs
give young people a chance to make friends, earn to cooperate with others, and acquire
confidence. (E) As a resu t
their grades are likely to drop, threatening their chance of getting
admltted to a good college later on. (F) The most important prob em associated with high
school students working is thatjobs take time away from study- (G) High schoolteachers give
complex long-term projects which requlre doing research, writing papers or delivering
speeches. (H) Working stud€nts are not able to collaborate with classmates after schoot.
0)

56. What is the best topic sentence for this paragraph?

1. Nowadays parents are affected by financial problems in several ways.
2. High school students should not be required to work for several reasons.
3. There are many reasons why students should work during the schoo year.
4. By working, youth gain valuable experience and help their families financially.
5. Teenagers often spend their earnings on cars, clothes, and electronic gadgets.

57. Which one can be added after Sentence G to make a good paragraph?
1. Teachers otten assign various projects to groups of students.
2. Working students sho!ld spend their free time preparing for exams.
3. With great grades, students can get into college and get scholarships.
4. Teenagers who go to work can help the family by giving some money.
5. Students can participate in sports, orchestra, and many other activities.

uulda(a! GAT rI :+rdinnu @

49. Concepts (1) lkc passivity, (2) deoendence. and aggression may need (3) farther research
if they are (4)lelg[tjruc to be usefulways ofthinking about (5) human personalities.

50. (1) Their keen senses of (2) heat and smell have made some types of dogs (3) valuable
in huntlng and (4) tagkitg and (5)e! security guards

Items 51-55
Read lhe following passage and choose the best wo.d thoice to (omplete the passage.

Although we are all natural born liars, most of us seem to take it for granted that
lying is bad However, psychologists argue that lying i5 just any other social skill
we possess. We learn the art of deception very early in life; by the age of five, we have not
only become quite efficient at yng, but we have also learnt how to read people's readions
and act accordingly.
_52- if someone ls avoiding direct eye contact with us, this _53_ us
think that we?e being lied to so we might lie, too. A person's smile is also a giveaway. A
genuine smie makes the skin near the eyes arease, 54 a 'put on" smile doesn't have
the same effect on the facial features as a realone.
Even though both women and men know how to watch out for clues that sornebody
is lying, it is a fact that women are far _55_ liars than men- Despite this, women are
also rrore affected by other peoples feelings, so they have more sympathy for them. As a
result, women tend to be more willing to have an honest conversation.

51. 1. important 2. more important

3. as important as 4. most important
5. the most important

52. 1. In add tion 2 Asa resu lt

3. To sum up 4, For instance
5. On the other hand

53. 1. make 2. makes

3. made 4. to make
5- have made

54. 1. whereas 2 unless

3. as though 4. so that
5. as long as

74 Lrfi .o':.ff tx'6rf 1]\nlnial

55. 1. skillful 2. skillful more
3. much skillful 4. most skillful
5. nrore ski lful

Item.56-60
Choose the best answer.

(A) F rst, cell phones distract students from their studies.

(B) Students can play games, take pictures, and send text messages during class by hiding
their phones under their desks and turning off their ringtones. (C) Consequently, they may
not be able to concentrate fully on their tea(hing (D) Second, cell phones at school interferes
with learning. (E) Students with cell phones that have lnternet access know that information is
readily available, so they might fai to memorze facts that they should learn. (F) Ce I phones
may provide students with a means for communication and support. (G) Finally, ce I phones
can encourage cheating. (H) some students may try to text someone to get an answer to a

question during a quiz. (I) If they are caught, they will face a serious pun;shment, such as
suspension. (J)

55. What is the best topic sentence for this paragraph?

1. Cell phones can be very imponant in emergency situations.
2. There are many reasons why cell phones should be banned n school.
3 There are many drawbacks and benefits for cell phone use by students.
4. Students should be allowed to use cell phones for educational purposes.
5. Several recommendations should be considered when using cell phones.

57. which one can be added after sentence B to make a good paragraph?
1. In fact students should focus on learning instead of texting in class.
2. cell phones can be lseful f students use them for the right purposes.
3. 1o prevent thit teachers must walk around peering under students' desks.
4. Students are unaware of the impact of cell phone usage on thet learning.
5. Teachers do not have to compete with cell phones to gain students'attention

58. which sentence does not belong?

1,B 2.C
3,E 4,F
5,H

rr1.{?1"8 flOlr GAT r't lr-lo'.i nqrj

50. For (1) anv adhesive to make a (2) rcallysllqlg_bpff, the surfaces (3) to be olued must
be abso utely c ean and (4)teejfuem (5) moisturzed or qrease.

Items 51-55
Read the following passage and choose the best word choice to complete the passage.

In Britain, the average young person now spends moTe money on games eaah year
than on going to the cinema. But is this necessarily a bad th ng? For years, newspaper reports
_51_ that (hildren who spend too rruch time playing computer games become
unsociable, bad-tempered, even violent as a result. 8ut new research. _52 in both
Europe and the USA, suggests that the oppos te may be true.
Indeed, playing some of the more complicated games may help people of all ages
53_ certain skills. Researchers claim that this is because the games make the brain
work harder in certain ways, like noticing sounds and movements quickly and identifying
_54_. The fact that people play the games repeatedly means that they get a lot of
practice in these skills whach are therefore likely to become highly developed.
Social skills may beneflt, too. Researchers in Chicago think that fans of first per5on
shooter games are better than non-players _55 it comes to building trust and
cooperationi and that this helps them to make good friendships and become strong
members of their cornrnunities. So rather than giving up computer games, perhaps young
people need to spend more time on them.

51. 1 say 2. were saying

3. had said 4. having raid
5. have been saying

52. 1. carry out 2. carried out

3. to carry out 4 which carried out
5. was carried out

53. 1. to improve 2. improving

3. that improve 4. have improved
5. had improved

54. 1. what are they 2. what were they

3. what they are 4. what they were
5. they are what

88 hfl.ot.ffnt6lu t{nrnr
55. 1. when 2. because
3. so that 4. as though
5. whereas

Items 56-60
Choose the best answer

(A) The first reason s related to basic human va ues. (B) Women
need to think about their unborn babies who are not responsible for this situatlon. (C) Th€se
unborn babies should have the privilege to live and grow into a normal person. (D) Women
need to be more humanitarian and less egotistic with these babies. (E) The second reason
has to do with If they do, ther reliqrons will punish them (c) Real life
re igious values. (F)
stories demonstrate again and again that aborton harms women physically. (H) The third
and most imponant reason why women should not abort is related to her cons( ence
(I) When a woman has an abortion, she wrll always thlnk abo!t the baby she might have had.
(J) She w I always believe about the future that could have happened with her baby which
wil always remind her that she kiled it. (K)

56. What is the best topic sentence for this paragraph?

1. An unborn child is always innocent and should never be punished.
2. No matter how hard we try we can never erase what abortion does,
3. Some people believe that having an abortjon wil solve their problems.
4. There are some important reasons why women should not have an abortion.
5, Whatever the situatlon, there is never an acceptable reason to get an abortion

57. Whlch one.an be added after Sentence E to make a good paragraph?

1. Women, of course, have the right to control their own bodies.
2. Many women who have an abortion feel that they have no choice.
3. Sometimes the clrcumstances surrounding a pregnancy are tragic.
4. In fact a large number of women in the entire world have abortions.
5. In almost all religions, a woman is not permitted to have an abortion

58. Which sentence does not belong?

1.C 2,F
3.G 4. I
5.t

[u1liano! GAT,llrrlinnqr, 89
Items 5I-55
Read the following passage and choose the best word choice to complete the passage.

New Year celebrations date as far ba.k as 2000 BC in Mesopotamia. yet, the actual
date has changed a number of times. There are always a problem because New year was
calculated by the movements of the Sun and Moon which allowed room for error. To cut a
iong story short, it wasn't until 1582, when the calendar we use today _Sl_ that
January 1st became New Yeafs Day in most cultures. Some aultures, however, celebrate the
New Year at various times, _52_ their calendar and reliqious traditions. For example,
the Chinese aelebrate it between the 21st of lanuary and the 19th of February. _53_
most of the world who celebrate at the beginning of the year, the Jewish people celebrate it
in September or early October.
In any case, the New year is a festive occasion. Some people celebrate at home with
no shortage of champagne, while others party on the streets, watching the fireworks that the
city council may have provided. Others prefer night clubs, joining the Iong queues of people
to get in and dance the night away. In China, there are parades with dancing
and hundreds of people turn up to look on. It is also common to make New year,s
-54-
dragons
Resolutions, the idea being that most people regard the New year as a chance to break bad
habits. To sum up, New Year is a time of celebration _5S a large proportion of the
people look forward to.

51. f. introduced 2. to introduce

3. has introdu.ed 4. to be introduced
5. was introduced

52- 1. according to 2. instead of

3. by means of 4. because of
5 in additlon to

53. 1. lLrst as 2. Due to

3. In view of 4. In contrast with
5. Together with

54. 1.. wait 2. waiting

3 who waits 4. who is waiting
5. who are waited

@ u*".q ni'orri nnniry

55, 1. when 2. that
3. where
5. in which

Items 56-60
Choose the best answer.

(A) Firstly, smoking can damage the health of people who work
in restaurants. (8) According to government research, workinq for four hours ln a restaurant
that permits smoking is the same as smoking six cigarettes' (C) More evidence is a re'ent
report in the Journa of Medical S(ience which found that workers in smoking environments
were more likely to develop cancer. (D) Thi5 shows that people who work in such restaurants
for many years are exposed to risks that they cannot control (E) ln addition, smok' 'an
reduce customers' enjoyment of vislting a restaurant. (f) Also' particles of smoke
may

overpower de icate foods. (G) For many people, the chance to eat delicious food is a reason
ts who
for going to a restaurant, but cigarette smoke otten spolls that chan'e (H) Most adu
started smoking in their teens never expected to become addicted'
(I)

56. What is the best topic sentence for this paragraph?

1. Many people smoke in many publi. places for a variety of reasons'

2. There are several steps to follow when banning smoking in restaurants-

3. smoking should be banned in restaurants due to a number of problems'
4. Cigarette companies are no longer allowed to advertise on televlsion and radio'
5- Being around cigarette smoke is bad for you, even if it is someone else's smoke

57, Which one can be added after Sentence E to make a good paragraph?
L. Employees who smoke are more likely to take sick time than non_smokers'
time
2. In fact, smoking has been a part of the dining out experi€nce for a long
permits smoking'
3. The majority of customers try to avoid visiting restaurants that
4. For example, if smoke gets into people's mouths, they are less sensitive to taste'
5. Some restaurants protect customers frorr the harmfuleffects of cigarette smoking

58- Which sentence does not belong?

1,8 2.C
3.D 4.G
5.H

t[1]']lJ 0 &a ! carr-,"--*0"@

45. According to the passage, which of the following s NOT recommended?
1. Women showing a truthful character
2. women having a good sense ofhumor
3. Women wear n9 red in their profile photo
4. N,len proving that they are educated and successful
5. Men using a screen name starting with the etters A to M

Part Four Structurc and Writing (Items 46-60)

Items 46-50
Choose the underlined part that is grammatically wrong,

46. The pol;ce had the suspect (1) to verifu her story by (2) naming witnesses who (3) had seen
her in (4) algtbg town (5) allbclay of the crime.

47. (1) 8e!C!] experiments (2) ggrcllll on laboratory animals (3) hlyelhgw! that (4) Crpglule
to ozone 9as (5) in great ouantities may cause cancer.

48. (1) Because ofthe bugslbEj need (3) tqbe_welkcllguL there is no question (4) thA!
(2)
computers (5) Igylhape the pattern of our activities.

49. (1) Education on environmental issues (2) it should include not only (3) phySi(al problems
(4) lke pollution but a so socia problems (5) ellscllby pollution.

50. (1) Now that the field of medicine offers many possibilities for (2) conceotion. more and
more infertile (3) fglgEs are trying techniques of (4) advance technologv (5) in order to
have children.

Items 51-55
Read the following passage and choose the best word choi(e to (omplete the passage.

"A healthy mind lives in a healthy body" is a saying to have often been
used by the ancient Greeks. Thousands of years later, the same
-51idea still app ies.

-52- water
health experts, it is advisable to drink eight to ten glasses of water every day. However,
itself is not enough;a balanced diet is essential, too.

lrirtl"aff all GAT,TlJ'lo_.Jnqu 115

 A healthy body naturally is the result of doing exercise. Many people, however, do
not like qyms and object to 53 there for different reasons. Some, for instance, say
that aerobic sessions are too diflicult to folow while others claim that gyms are just too
expensive. Many people also claim that they have diffitulty in finding time to exercise
their hectic ifestyle, but the truth is that everyone can make a ittle time every
now and then Regardless of the way people choose to exercise, it is important to remember
-54-
there is no point in doing it only for a short period of time.
Last but not least having a positive attitude and doing away wlth 55-
contributes to one's well being. In short, following this simple advice surely helps in having a

healthy mind and body.

51. 1. is believed 2. ls believing

3. be beleved ,1. which be leved

5. that is beleved

52. 1. Owing to 2. In spite of

3- Instead of 4. Ac.ording to
5. Apart from

53. 1. go 2. going
3. be going 4- have gone
5. had gone

54. 1. due to 2. despite

3. instead of 4- concerning
5. on top of

55. 1. think negatively 2. negatively th nk

3. neqative thouqhts 4. thoughts negative
5. negatively thoughts

Ud

116 ufl.05.f,flt6lu nlila!

Part Four: Structure and Writing (Itemr 46-60)
Items 45-50
Choose the underlined part that is grammatically wrong.

46. (1) The musical oerformance was (2) ygry powerful that (3) the audience (4) gayC the

orchestra (5) a standing ovation.

47. (1)IggC! thejob, you must have (2) three vears'exoerience in (3) telecommunications
and (4) the necessarv oualifications. one of (5) lhe!! is a university degree.

48. Some sclent sts argue that the (1) extinction issue (2) s being exaooerated and that
people descrlbe the (3) lq5e of species as more (4) alarmino than (5) it reall

49- Philanthropists (1) such as Bill Gates and Warrerl Buffett (2) alc_uslally very rich peopte
who (3) glye a]ryay large (4) nurnbers of money (5) tqhplgye things like health and
education.

50. When we try to teach children (1) anJithino from how to count (2) a!!! how to take a
bath, we (l)can exoerence the frustrat ons (4) youn gsters, (5) oelAsiglaLly
or often, reject these etforts

Items 51-55
Read the following passage and (hoose the best word choice to complete the passage.

ln the early days of the cinema, before soLlnd was ntroduced, silent films were
acconpanied by a planist, or even a small orchestra playing in the cinema itself. One reason
for this was to cover up the noise of the projector. 5l- a more lmportant role was to
provide support for what was going on in the film, and guide the audience through the story.
Different kinds of music were associated with different situations, 52 fights, chases,
romantic scenes and so on. Music was also used to identify the geographical location or
historical setting of the story. In addition, individual characters often had their own tune,
which could also indicate _53_.

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 Music added something extra to what was happening on the flat screen It 'orrld
create atmosphere and increase the involvemeft of the audience, one moment encouraging
them 54- the next developing a sense of tension. And all this was done without any
words being spoken.
Audiences at that time would have been familiar with the musical anguage
connected with the traditions of popular theater, and many of these were transferred to the
new medium of the .inema. Today, although the f lms 55- may be technically very
different from before, much of the musica history still remains.

51. 1. Therefore 2. However

3. Additionally 4. For example
5. In other words

52. 1. such a5 2. despite

3. ln view of 4. in addition to
5. as a result of

53. 1. they were what sort of person 2. were they what sort of person
3. what sort of person were they 4. what sort of person they were
5. what they were sort of person

54. 1. relax 2. to relax

3. relaxing 4. whlch relax
5. be relaxed

55. 1. prod!ced 2. producing

3. were produced 4. wh ch produced
5. have produced

Items 55-50
choose the best answer

(A) One factor that can contribute to aancer is the genetic

makeup. (8) Thus, with mutation n the rells, such people have a higher probability of getting
cancer (C) In addition, people who have problems with the r lmmune systems are more likely

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Items 51-SS
Read the following passage and choose the best word choi€e to complete the passage.

51an allergy means that a person is affected either by a substance in the

atmosphere or by some sort of food. These days a ot of people suffer from one kind of
allergy or another.
So what 52_ to fight allergies? lf someone is allergic to choco ate, for
instanre, the simplest thing to do would be to avold eating any ahocolate. Il on the other
hand, the allergic reacrion _53_ something unknown or difficult to avoid, then the only
solut on is prescribed medication.
The chances of someone having an allergy are bound to be great if allergles run tn
the family. if one parent suffers from allergies, the child has a thirty percent

-54-
chance of being allergic, too. If both parents are affected, the risk doubles.
However, there is absolutely no logical reason
to be terrified of that possibility. Those
who suffer can carry on with their lives and not let their allergies wear them out. They
shouldn't feel_55_ from everyone else.

51. 1. Have 2. To have

3. Wh ch have 4. To having
5. When having

52. 1. people can do 2. people who can do

3. can people do 4. can people who do
5. people can do who

53, L. caused by 2. is caused by

3. causing by 4. to be caused by
5. has caused by

54. 1 To sum up 2. Instead

3. Additionally 4. In other words
5. On the contrary

55. 1. different 2. difference

l. different y 4. that are different
5. be different

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