ST.

MARY’S ENGLISH SCHOOL

CLASS – XI SUBJECT –GEOGRAPHY
CH – 2 CH NAME – STATISTICAL DIAGRAMS

Pie Diagram:
This is a two-dimensional diagram in which the quantities are shown by the area of the circle. The circle is
divided into various sectors whose areas are proportional to the quantities represented by them. Hence, it is
also known as divided circle diagram or coin

Method of Dividing the circle -

We know that there are 360° in a circle. This means that 360° show the total quantity. Hence, to divide the
circle into different sectors for showing different components of the total quantity, we have to apply the unitary
method. Thus :
Total quantity is represented by 360°. One unit of quantity is represented by:
360°÷ Total quantity
Given Quantity is represented by = 360°*Given quantity÷ Total quantity
If the components or sub-divisions of the quantity are given in percentages, then the angle of the sector will be
calculated as follows:
Percentage of the component of the total * 360° ÷ 100

Q. Show the following data by a Pie Diagram :

Mineral Reserves
(in crore tons)
1. Iron ore 1757.3
2.Manganese, copper and Nickel 85.4

3.Lime stone 7320.2

4. Dolomite 394.6
5.Bauxite 263.5
Calculation Table for Pie Diagram :

Minerals Reserves Angle ( in Cumulative angle ( in degrees)

degrees)
(in crore tons)

1.Lime stone 7320.2 268.33° 268.33°

2.Iron ore 1757.3 64.42° 332.75°
3.Dolomite 394.6 14.46° 347.21°
4.Bauxite 263.5 9.66° 356.87°
5.Manganese 85.4 3.13° 360°
Total 9821.0 360.00°
Flow diagram :
The term ‘flow’ conveys the idea of movement and hence these are dynamic diagrams. Such diagrams are used
to show the flow of buses, trains and other means of transportation. In addition, they show the movement of
men and material as well as flow of water in rivers and canals. Following two features are important in flow
diagrams:
a. The direction of flow.
b. Number or quantity of vehicles , people , commodities etc from one place to other.
Advantages of Flow Diagram :
(i) The flow diagrams are useful in determining important transport and outstanding centers of their
convergence. The places of convergence of commodities and people are known as nodes.
(ii) They are also helpful in determining the sphere of influence of nodes. This is done by examining
the thickness of the flow ribands from the nodes outwards. The abrupt decrease in the thickness
of riband is marked off on the map in all directions. Often the thickness increases after some
distance as one approaches another important place to which people and commodities move.
This serves to divide the study area into a number of nodal centres and their spheres of
influence, i.e., nodal regions.
(iii) Flow maps showing flow of commodities are further sub-divided according to the type of
commodity and the quantity moved.
Q. The following table gives the frequency , direction and distance of buses moving from a place ‘X’ .
Draw a traffic flow diagram on the basis of this data:

Town No. of Direction Distance Distance

buses per (in km) (in cm)
day 1cm=10km

A 21 N 45 4.5
B 11 NNE 15 1.5
C 12 E 30 3.0
D 25 SE 13 1.3
E 6 S 50 5.0
F 55 SW 18 1.8
G 15 W 30 3.0
H 10 NW 40 4.0
Star Diagram :
As the name suggests, these diagrams appear like stars with rays radiating from their centres. The lines drawn
from the centres in all directions are proportional to the quantity represented. The ends of such lines are then
joined to give the appearance of a star. This technique is most suited in the preparation of diagrams and maps
based on climatic data. A wind-rose is a common example of this type of a diagram, which will show the
direction of the wind on different days or months of the year.`

Q. Draw wind rose diagram for Chennai using the following data:

Direction of the N NE E SE S SW W NW Calm

wind

No. of Days 36 41 55 79 19 20 91 22 2