TRAVERSE ADJUSTMENT APPLICATION OF THE CORRECTION:

If the sum of north latitudes (NL) exceeds the sum of

➔ Adjusting a traverse, also known as “balancing
south latitudes(SL), latitudes correction are subtracted
traverse”, is used to distribute the closure error back
from north latitudes and added to the corresponding
into angle and distance measurements.
south latitudes. However, if the sum of the south
➔ Condition: sum of adjusted latitudes and departures are
latitudes (SL) exceeds the sum of the north latitudes
zero.
(NL), the corrections are applied in the opposite
METHODS OF TRAVERSE ADJUSTMENT: manner. A similar procedure is used when adjusting the
departures.
1. Compass rule
→May be stated to be applied to the latitude (or
COMPASS RULE
departure) of any course is equal to the total closure in
latitude ( or departure) multiplied by the ratio of the
LINE DIST(m) BEARING N(+) S(-) E(+) W(-)
length of the course to the total length or the perimeter LAT LAT DEP DEP
of the traverse. AB 189.53 S 06° 15’ W
BC 175.18 S 29° 38’ E
𝑑 𝑑
Cl=CL(𝐷) Cd=CD(𝐷) CD 197.78 N 81° 18’ W
DE 142.39 N12° 24’ W
EA 243.58 N 42° 59’ E
Cl= correction to be applied to the latitude of any
∑
course.
Cd= correction to be applied to the departure of any
1. Compute the lat and dep of each course. Always
course.
tabulate the results:
CL= total closure in latitude or the algebraic sum of
2. Get the sum of (+) latitude, (-) latitude, (+) departure
the north and south latitudes (∑NL+(∑SL).
and (-) departure.
CD= total closure in departure or the algebraic sum of
3. Compute the error in latitude.
east and west departures (∑ED+(∑WD).
→CL= (∑NL+(∑SL).
d= length of any course.
4. Compute the error in departure.
D= total length of perimeter of the traverse
→CD= (∑NL+(∑SL).
5. Compute the latitude correction.
𝑑
ADJUSTED LENGHTS AND DIRECTIONS → Cl=CL(𝐷)
6. Compute the departure correction
𝑑𝑒𝑝′ 𝑑
L’= √(𝑙𝑎𝑡)2 + (𝑑𝑒𝑝)2 tan Ø= → Cd=CD(𝐷)
𝑙𝑎𝑡′
7. Compute the correct distance
L’= adjusted length of a course 8. Compute the correct bearing
Lat’= adjusted latitude of a course
Dep’= adjusted departure of a course
 LINE DIST(m) BEARING N(+) S(-) E(+) W(-)
LAT LAT DEP DEP
AB 189.53 S 06° 15’ W
BC 175.18 S 29° 38’ E
CD 197.78 N 81° 18’ W
DE 142.39 N12° 24’ W
EA 243.58 N 42° 59’ E
∑

LINE DIST(m) LATITUDE DEPARTURE

AB 189.53
BC 175.18
CD 197.78
DE 142.39
EA 243.58
∑

LINE LAT DEP CORT’D CORT’D CORR. CORR.

CORR. CORR LAT DEP LENGHT BEARING
AB
BC
CD
DE
EA
∑
2. Transit rule AREA COMPUTATION
→ the correction to be applied to the latitude (or departure) AREA BY DOUBLE MERIDIAN DISTANCE METHOD(DMD)
of any course is equal to the latitude (or departure) of the
MERIDIAN DISTANCE
course multiplied by the ratio of the total closure in latitude
(or departure) to the arithmetical sum of all the latitude (or ➔ The distance of the midpoint of the line to the reference
departures) of the transverse. meridian (N-S line).
𝐿𝑎𝑡(𝐶𝐿) 𝐷𝑒𝑝(𝐶𝐷) ➔ An adaptation of the coordinates method and is
Cl=∑NL−∑SL Cd=∑ED−∑WD convenient to use when the latitudes and departures of
the traverse are known.
Cl= correction to be applied to the latitude of any
course. RULES IN COMPUTING DMD: (DEPARTURE)
Cd= correction to be applied to the departure of any 1. DMD OF THE FIRST LINE is equal to the DEPARTURE
course. OF THAT LINNE.
CL= total closure in latitude or the algebraic sum of 2. The DMD of any other line is equal to the DMD OF THE
the north and south latitudes (∑NL+(∑SL). PRECEDING LINE, plus the DEPARTURE OF THE
CD= total closure in departure or the algebraic sum of LINE ITSLEF.
east and west departures (∑ED+(∑WD). 3. The DMD OF THE LAST is numerically equal to the
∑NL= summation of north latitude. DEPARTURE OF THE LINE BUT WITH OPPOSITE
∑SL= summation of south latitude. SIGN.
∑ED= summation of east departure.
∑WD= summation of west departure. FORMULAS:
Double Area, DA= DMD(Latitude)
LINE N(+) S(-) E(+) W(-)
LAT LAT DEP DEP
AB -188.40 20.63 1
BC -152.27 86.62
A=2(∑NDA+∑SDA)
CD 29.92 195.50
DE 139.07 30.58
EA 171.61 159.93
∑

LINE LAT DEP CORR. CORR.

CORR. CORR LENGHT BEARING
AB
BC
CD
DE
EA
∑
AREA COMPUTATIONN: (DMD METHOD)

LINE LAT DEP DMD DA

AB +10.49 +8.76
BC -12.66 +11.30
CD -15.23 -13.48
DE -7.05 -27.19
EA +24.45 -6.35
∑ 0 0
AREA BY DOUBLE PARALLEL DISTANCE METHOD(DPD) AREA COMPUTAION:
PARALLEL DISTANCE (TRIANGLES)
➔ Distance of the midpoint of the line to the reference PROBLEM 1:
parallel (E-W line).
THE SIDES OF THE TRIANGLE ABC WERE MEASURED AS
➔ Similar to the double meridian distance method
FOLLOWS AB 129.26M, BC 258.73M AND CA 211.25 M.
RULES IN COMPUTING DPD: CALCULATE THE AREA
1. The DPD OF THE FIRST LINE is equal to the SOLUTION:
LATITUDE OF THE LINE.
2. The DPD of the any other line is equal to the DPD OF
THE PRECEDING LINE, plus the LATITUDE OF THE
PRECEDING LINE, plus the LATITUDE LINE ITSELF.
3. The DPE OF THE LAST LINE is numerically equal to
the LATITUDE OF THE LINE BUT WITH OPPOSITE
SIGN.
FORMULAS:
Double Area, DA= DMD(Latitude)

1
A=2(∑EDA+∑WDA)

LINE LAT DEP DPD DA

AB +10.49 +8.76
BC -12.66 +11.30
CD -15.23 -13.48
DE -7.05 -27.19
EA +24.45 -6.35
∑ 0 0
PLATE NO 5

LINE DIST(m) BEARING

AB 410.52+X.Y N 41° 30’ W
BC 532.18+Y.X N 38° 10’ E
CD 450.75+X.X S70° 20’ E
DE 590.08+Y.Y S60° 15’ W

PLATE NO 5

LINE DIST(m) LATITUDE DEPARTURE

AB 357.20 +60.49 -352.04
BC 183.18 +164.64 -80.30
CD 430.05 +198.57 +381.46
DA 425.18 -422.23 +49.97
∑