DIPLOMA IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

DCC40172- STRUCTURE, HYDRAULICS AND WATER QUALITY

LABORATORY

STRUCTURE LABORATORY

Experiment tittle Shear force and bending moment at a cut

section of determine beam subjected to
point loads and distributed loads.
Experiment date

Name Kamaleswaran S/O thrival selvan

Reg.number 01DKA20F2007
Section course DKA4A
Group C
Lecturer name Madam hasliza bt zulkifli
Submission date
TITTLE

Shear force and bending moment at a section of determine beam subjected to point loads and
distributed loads.

INTRODUCTION

Bending moment and shearing force were two important factors to be considered while
designing any structural component. The experiment was carried out by setting up two edges
support on the base of two structural frames with an equal separation distance on both
ends.The equality balance between both ends will prevent it from collapse and it will benefit
for usto measure the shearing and bending moment accurately.

The shear force (F) are unalligned forces pushing one part of a body in one direction, and
another part the body in the opposite direction. When the forces are alligned into each other,
they are called compression forces. Bending moment exits in a structural element when a
moment is applied to the element so that the element bencs. Moments and torques are
measured as a force multiplied by a distance so they have as unit Newton-metres (Nm). The
shear force (F) in a beam at any section, X, is the force transverse to the beam tending cause
it to shear across the section. The force which make the right-hand side tends to slide
downwards relative to the left hand portion is taken as positive whereas the force is taken as
negative when the right-handportion tends to slide upwards relative to left.

Bending moment defined as a rotational forces or torque that acts perpendicularly to the point
at given distance away from that point. It is calculated as the perpendicular force multiplied
by the distance from the point and this will make the element to bend. If the tensile stress
isgreater than the applied force and this will results in failure bending to the beam. In
thisexperiment, the bending effect at any section X of a concentrated load W is measured by
the applied moment (WX), where x is the perpendicular distance of the line of action of W
from section X. This moment is called the bending moment M. The equation used to
described the bending moment as; M = Wx.
OBJECTIVE

To show that the bending moment at a cut section of a beam is equal to the algebraic sum of
the moment acting to the left or right of the section and the shear force at a cut section of a
beam is equal to the algebraic sum of the forces acting to the left or right of the section.

THEORY

When the load is to the left of x-x:

Shear force at section x-x is;

Or , S. Fx-x = W1 – RA

S.Fx-x = RB

When the load is to the right of x-x;

S.Fx-x = RA

Bending moment at section x-x is;

B.Mx-x = RALx – W1 ( Lx-L1)

Or,

B.Mx-x = RBL2

When the load is to the right of x-x,

B.Mx-x = RALX
APPARATUS

 A pair of simple supports.

 Special beam specimen with a cut section.
 A set of weights with several load hangers.
PROCEDURE

1. The indicator is switched on. The indicator switched on 10 minutes before taking
readings for the best stability readings.
2. The two simple supports are fixed to the alminium base at a distance equal to the span
of the beam to be tested.
3. The supports are screwed tightly to the base.
4. The load hanger is hanged to the beam.

5. The beam is placed on the supports.

6. After that,the load hanger is placed at the desired location.
7. The indicator reading is noted. If they are not zero, press the (tare) button on the
indicator.

8. A load is placed on the load hanger.

9. The indicator readings is recorded by represent the vertical and horizontal force at the
cut section.
10. Load is added to the load hanger and the indicator readings are recorded again.
11. The steps of 1 until 10 is repeated for another 4 sets of readings.