Day 1 Problem Set

Mentorship Program
Day 1: Algebra, Soil Properties, and Force Systems
Algebra
Main problem: Digit Problem
Find the three number such that the second number is 3 more than twice
the first number, and the third number is four times the first number.
The sum of the three numbers is 164
Solution:
First number = x
Second number = 3+2x
Third number = 4x
First + Second + Third = 164

𝑥 + (3 + 2𝑥) + 4𝑥 = 164
𝑥 = 23
First number = x = 23
Second number = 3+2x = 49
Third number = 4x = 92
Supplementary Problems
1. Three students counted the number of cars passing through a

highway intersection. The second student counted 2 more than twice
that of the first student. The third student counted 1 less than
three times that of the first student. If the total number of cars
is 103, how many cars did each of the students count?
2. There are 4 bags of powdered ingredients in a factory. A worker

weighed the containers and found that the first bag is 7.16 kg
heavier than the second bag, the bag is 8 kg less than twice the
first bag, the fourth bag is half of the total weight of the first
and third bag. If the total weight of all powdered ingredients is
158.29 kg, determine the weight of each bag.
3. Three groups of students conducted field work in their surveying

class. Each group is tasked to measure the length of a pathway
using steel tape. The first group measured 6 greater than the
square root of that of the third group. The second group discovered
that their measured distance is the average of the measured
distances of groups 1 and 2. If the total measured distance of
the three groups is 247.6 meters, determine the distance measured
by each group.
4. There are 10 students in an organization. They are working on a

project and each student is required to spend a minimum of x
minutes to help their adviser with the implementation of the
project. The first student spent x+3 minutes. The rest of the
students spent 4 more than half the total time spent by the
students before them. If the project is completed in 8.9 hours,
determine the time spent by the 4th , 7th, and and 10th student.
Prepared by: Engr. Platoon Nicart Bejer, RCE, LSSGB, SO-2, Aff.M. ASCE-CI
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5. Moira is dared by Jason to enter a corn maze shown below. Jason

said that he will pay Moira P1500 if she completed the maze, but
she has to pay him 24. pesos for every left turn and 78 pesos for
every right turn she did inside the corn maze. How much did moira
earn/lose when she completed the maze?
Main Problem: Mixture Problem

An alloy is composed of 50% Tin, 35% Lead, and 15% other metals. A 1250
kg of that alloy is melted with 115 kg of another alloy containing 38%
Tin and 64 kg of pure Lead. Determine the new concentration of Tin in
the resulting alloy
Solution:
(𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐴𝑚𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑡)(𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛) = ∑(𝐴𝑚𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑡)(𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛)
In terms of Tin
(1250 + 115 + 64)(𝑥) = (1250)(50% 𝑇𝑖𝑛) + (115)(38% 𝑇𝑖𝑛) + (64)(0% 𝑇𝑖𝑛)
𝑥 = 𝟒𝟔. 𝟕𝟗𝟓%
Note: The 64 kg of Lead has 0% Tin because it is PURE lead, it

doesn’t contain Tin.
1. A 70 mL 36% acid solution is added to a 142mL 27% acid solution.

What will be the concentration of the resulting mixture?
2. How much of a 87% solution of insects pray must a farmer add to

193cc of a 28% insect spray to make a 55% solution of insect
spray?
3. A 500 mL of 0.36 g/mL salt solution is added to a 870 mL of 0.61

g/mL salt solution. What will be the concentration of the
resulting mixture?
4. How much water must be added to 1.204 liters, 78 proof liquor to

make it 62 proof?
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5. A vat contains a mixture of acid and water. If 23 gallons of acid

are added, the mixture will be 72% acid. If 29.5 gallons of water
are added, the mixture will be 54% acid. Find the percentage of
acid in the mixture.
Main Problem: Work Problem

Three workers are hired in a masonry project. Worker A can do 60% of
the job in 30 days, Worker B can do 36% of the job in 20 days, and
Worker C complete the project in 60 days. If they work together, how
many days would it take them to finish the project?
Solution:
𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑑 = ∑(𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒)(𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒)
𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑑
Where 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒 =
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒
100% = (𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝐴)(𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝐴) + (𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝐵)(𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝐵) + (𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝐶)(𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝐶)

Since they are working together (at the same time), 𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝐴 = 𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝐵 = 𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝐶
100% = 𝑇(𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝐴 + 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝐵 + 𝑅𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝐶)

60% 36% 100%
100% = 𝑇 ( + + )
30 20 60
𝑇 = 𝟏𝟖. 𝟐𝟗𝟑 𝒅𝒂𝒚𝒔
1. If Pepito can do his project in 2/7 of an hour, and if Tomy and

Pepito working together can do it in 1/3 of an hour, how long will
it take Tomy to do it alone?
2. Working together, A and B can finish a painting job in 22/3 days,

B working alone can finish the job in 2 days less than A. How long
will it take A to finish the job alone?
3. A gardener can mow a lawn in 4.5 hours. After 2 hours, it rained

ad he discontinued the work. In the afternoon, a girl completed
the rest of the work in 1 hour and 25 minutes. How long would it
take the girl to mow the lawn alone?
a. 48.69 b. 58.62 c. 63.63 d. 26.42
4. Two pipes running simultaneously can fill a tank in 3 hours and

27 minutes. After the larger pipe had run for 4.25 hours, the
smaller pipe was also turned in and the tank was full 36 minutes
later. How long would it take the smaller pipe to fill the tank
alone?
5. Ed, Edd, and Eddie can finish a job in 11,17 and 21 hours
respectively. Ed and Edd worked together for 3.5 hours. Ed got
tired so Eddie worked in place of him until the job is finished.
How long did each of them work?
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Soil Properties
Main problem: Weight-Volume Relationship
A soil has a water content of 25% and a degree of saturation of 82%.
Compute the specific gravity of the soil if it has a dry unit weight
of 14.33 kN/m3
Solution:
𝛾𝑤 𝐺𝑠
𝛾𝑑 =
1+𝑒
9.81𝐺
14.23 = 1+𝑒 𝑠
(equation 1)
𝑆𝑒 = 𝐺𝑠 𝑤
1(𝑒) = 𝐺𝑠 (0.25)
(equation 2)
Solving simultaneously,
𝐺𝑠 = 2.60
1. The moist weight of 2.73x10-3 m3 of soil is 54.3x10-3 kN/m3. If the

moisture content is 13.8% and the specific gravity of soil solids
is 2.692, determine the following:
a. Moist unit weight
b. Dry unit weight
c. Void ratio
d. Porosity
e. Degree of Saturation
f. Volume occupied by water
2. The moist weight of 3.48x10-3 m3 of soil is 61.819x10-3 kN/m3. If

the moisture content is 14.37% and the specific gravity of soil
solids is 2.712, determine the following:
a. Moist unit weight
b. Dry unit weight
c. Void ratio
d. Porosity
e. Degree of Saturation
f. Volume occupied by water
3. Three groups of students conducted field work in their surveying

class. Each group is tasked to measure the length of a pathway
using steel tape. The first group measured 6 greater than the
square root of that of the third group. The second group
discovered that their measured distance is the average of the
Mentorship Program
measured distances of groups 1 and 2. If the total measured

distance of the three groups is 247.6 meters, determine the
distance measured by each group.
4. The moist unit weight of a soil is 19.2 kN/m3. Given that Gs =

2.69 and ω = 9.8%, determine:
a. Void ratio
b. Dry unit weight
c. Degree of saturation
d. Determine the weight of water, in kN, to be added per cubic
meter of soil for 90% degree of saturation
e. Determine the weight of water, in kN, to be added per cubic

a. Void ratio
b. Dry unit weight

a. Void ratio
b. Dry unit weight
7. When the moisture of a soil is 26%, the degree of saturation is

72%, and the moist unit weight is 16.98% kN/m3. Determine:
a. Specific gravity of soil solids
b. Void ratio
c. Saturated unit weight
d. Dry unit weight
8. When the moisture of a soil is 24.39%, the degree of saturation

is 67.4%, and the moist unit weight is 17.21% kN/m3. Determine:
b. Void ratio
d. Dry unit weight
9. When the moisture of a soil is 25.33%, the degree of saturation

is 68.108%, and the moist unit weight is 16.97% kN/m3. Determine:
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b. Void ratio
d. Dry unit weight
10. The moist density of a soil is 1750 kg/m3. Given ω = 23% and Gs
= 2.73, determine:
a. Dry density
b. Porosity
d. Mass of water, in kg/m3 , to be added to reach full saturation.
11. The moist density of a soil is 1680 kg/m3. Given ω = 21.47% and
Gs = 2.62, determine:
a. Dry density
b. Porosity
12. The moist density of a soil is 1810 kg/m3. Given ω = 31.6% and Gs
= 2.93, determine:
a. Dry density
b. Porosity
13. For a moist soil, given the following: V = 7.08x10-3 m3 ; W =

136.8x10-3 kN; ω = 9.8%; Gs = 2.66. Determine:
a. Dry unit weight
b. Void ratio
c. Volume occupied by water

a. Dry unit weight
b. Void ratio

a. Dry unit weight
b. Void ratio
Mentorship Program
Force Systems
Main problem: 3D Force Systems
Find the maximum load P that can be supported by the tripod if the
force in any leg is limited to 2000 lb.
Solution:
When solving 3D Figures, getting the components will make the solutions
simpler. Note that the symbols of axes are located at their respective
positive sides. To get the components, draw the force and subtract the
coordinates of its Head and its Tail
Member x y z Length
(Use Pythagorean
Theorem)
AB 0 −6 8 10
AC 6 3 8 √109
AD −6 3 8 √109
∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0
6 6
𝐴𝐶 ( ) + 𝐴𝐷 (− )=0
√109 √109
𝐴𝐶 = 𝐴𝐷
∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0
−6 3 3
𝐴𝐵 ( ) + 𝐴𝐶 ( ) + 𝐴𝐷 ( )=0
10 √109 √109
∑ 𝐹𝑧 = 0
8 8 8
𝐴𝐵 ( ) + 𝐴𝐶 ( ) + 𝐴𝐷 ( )−𝑃 =0
10 √109 √109
Since there is a limit for each leg, substitute the maximum value
(2000) to each leg (one at a time).
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If AB = 2000 lb and since AC = AD

From summation of forces along x,
𝐴𝐶 = 𝐴𝐷 = 2088.061
Since 2088>2000, Not safe!
If AC = 2000 and since AC = AD

From summation of forces along x
𝐴𝐵 = 1915.65
Since 1915<2000, Safe!
From summation of forces along z
𝑃 = 𝟒𝟓𝟗𝟕. 𝟓𝟕 𝒍𝒃
1. Find the maximum load P that can be supported by the tripod if

the force in any leg is limited to 3562 lb.
2. The square steel plate has a mass of 1800 kg with mass center at
its center G. Calculate the tension in each of the three cables
when the plate is lifted while remaining horizontal.
Ans: 𝑇𝑎 = 𝑇𝑏 = 5.41 𝑘𝑁 and 𝑇𝑐 = 9.87 𝑘𝑁
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3. The square steel plate has a mass of 2350 kg with mass center at
its center G. Calculate the tension in each of the three cables
when the plate is lifted while remaining horizontal.
4. A vertical load W is supported by the tripod in the figure. If

the capacity of each leg is 18 kN, what is the safe value of W?
5. A vertical load W is supported by the tripod in the figure. If

the capacity of each leg is 27.64 kN, what is the safe value of
W?
6. A vertical load W = 67 kN is supported by the tripod in the

figure. Determine the force in each leg of the tripod.
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7. A vertical load W = 125.87 kN is supported by the tripod in the

figure. Determine the force in each leg of the tripod.
Main Problem: Friction

Determine the maximum force P that can be applied without causing the two 50-
kg crates to move. The coefficient of static friction between each crate and
the ground is 𝜇𝑠 = 0.25.
Solution:
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1. The body shown is homogeneous and has a mass of 30 kg. Assume

friction at all contact surfaces. Determine the reactions at its
supports

supports

supports
4. The homogeneous bar weighs 9 lb. It is resting on friction

surfaces at A and B. Determine the reactions at its rupports
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5. The homogeneous beam weighs 400 lb. It is resting on friction

surfaces at A and B. Determine the reactions at its supports


The homogeneous beam weighs 400 lb. It is resting on friction

8. The homogeneous triangular plate has a mass of 12 kg. Determine

the reactions at its supports.
9. The homogeneous triangular plate has a mass of 12 kg. Determine

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10.
The homogeneous triangular plate has a mass of 12 kg. Determine
11.
The homogeneous triangular plate has a mass of 12 kg. Determine
12.
Determine the normal and frictional force in every contact
surface. Use a coefficient of friction of 0.2 for all contact
surfaces.
13.
Determine the force P for which the system of two blocks will be
in equilibrium. Friction is negligible except for the surface
under block B.

Day 1 Problem Set

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Mentorship Program

Day 1: Algebra, Soil Properties, and Force Systems

First + Second + Third = 164

1. Three students counted the number of cars passing through a

2. There are 4 bags of powdered ingredients in a factory. A worker

3. Three groups of students conducted field work in their surveying

4. There are 10 students in an organization. They are working on a

Day 1: Algebra, Soil Properties, and Force Systems

5. Moira is dared by Jason to enter a corn maze shown below. Jason

Main Problem: Mixture Problem

Note: The 64 kg of Lead has 0% Tin because it is PURE lead, it

1. A 70 mL 36% acid solution is added to a 142mL 27% acid solution.

2. How much of a 87% solution of insects pray must a farmer add to

3. A 500 mL of 0.36 g/mL salt solution is added to a 870 mL of 0.61

4. How much water must be added to 1.204 liters, 78 proof liquor to

Day 1: Algebra, Soil Properties, and Force Systems

5. A vat contains a mixture of acid and water. If 23 gallons of acid

Main Problem: Work Problem

100% = (𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝐴)(𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝐴) + (𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝐵)(𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝐵) + (𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝐶)(𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝐶)

100% = 𝑇(𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝐴 + 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝐵 + 𝑅𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝐶)

1. If Pepito can do his project in 2/7 of an hour, and if Tomy and

2. Working together, A and B can finish a painting job in 22/3 days,

3. A gardener can mow a lawn in 4.5 hours. After 2 hours, it rained

4. Two pipes running simultaneously can fill a tank in 3 hours and

Day 1: Algebra, Soil Properties, and Force Systems

Day 1: Algebra, Soil Properties, and Force Systems

1. The moist weight of 2.73x10-3 m3 of soil is 54.3x10-3 kN/m3. If the

2. The moist weight of 3.48x10-3 m3 of soil is 61.819x10-3 kN/m3. If

3. Three groups of students conducted field work in their surveying

Day 1: Algebra, Soil Properties, and Force Systems

measured distances of groups 1 and 2. If the total measured

4. The moist unit weight of a soil is 19.2 kN/m3. Given that Gs =

5. The moist unit weight of a soil is 16.48 kN/m3. Given that Gs =

6. The moist unit weight of a soil is 14.62 kN/m3. Given that Gs =

7. When the moisture of a soil is 26%, the degree of saturation is

8. When the moisture of a soil is 24.39%, the degree of saturation

9. When the moisture of a soil is 25.33%, the degree of saturation

Day 1: Algebra, Soil Properties, and Force Systems

a. Specific gravity of soil solids

13. For a moist soil, given the following: V = 7.08x10-3 m3 ; W =

14. For a moist soil, given the following: V = 5.58x10-3 m3 ; W =

15. For a moist soil, given the following: V = 9.075x10-3 m3 ; W =

Day 1: Algebra, Soil Properties, and Force Systems

Day 1: Algebra, Soil Properties, and Force Systems

If AB = 2000 lb and since AC = AD

If AC = 2000 and since AC = AD

1. Find the maximum load P that can be supported by the tripod if

Day 1: Algebra, Soil Properties, and Force Systems

4. A vertical load W is supported by the tripod in the figure. If

5. A vertical load W is supported by the tripod in the figure. If

6. A vertical load W = 67 kN is supported by the tripod in the

Day 1: Algebra, Soil Properties, and Force Systems

7. A vertical load W = 125.87 kN is supported by the tripod in the

Main Problem: Friction

Day 1: Algebra, Soil Properties, and Force Systems

1. The body shown is homogeneous and has a mass of 30 kg. Assume

2. The body shown is homogeneous and has a mass of 30 kg. Assume

3. The body shown is homogeneous and has a mass of 30 kg. Assume

4. The homogeneous bar weighs 9 lb. It is resting on friction

Day 1: Algebra, Soil Properties, and Force Systems

5. The homogeneous beam weighs 400 lb. It is resting on friction

6. The homogeneous beam weighs 400 lb. It is resting on friction

7. The homogeneous beam weighs 400 lb. It is resting on friction