8 SocialScience SPARQ

First Edition: December, 2023
STUDENT PRACTICE AND REVISION QUESTIONS

Incorporating Cognitive Domains of CD 2020
DSPGS Faculty & Team CAD
Subject: Social Science…………………………….

Grade: VIII……………………………...
A Note to Students
Dear Students,
Your journey of learning is an exciting and enriching phenomenon. Hope you are enjoying it! Learning and
assessment are not just the two sides of a coin, but are the integral component of achieving desired performance.
With an aim to prepare you well for examination, we are introducing Student Practice and Revision Questions
(SPARQ).
What is SPARQ?
Student Practice and Revision Questions, or SPARQ — is a useful resource tailored-made for you for gaining
mastery of concepts through topical practice and comprehensive revision. In the ever-evolving landscape of
education, we recognize the pivotal role of structured and effective learning tools. SPARQ emerges as your dedicated
companion, providing a robust & meticulously designed question bank aimed to propel your academic success.
We understand that success is an experiential journey comprising consistent practice and insightful revision. It is
not just a question bank; it is a dynamic repository of thoughtfully curated questions spanning a myriad of subjects.
Each question is carefully crafted to challenge, inspire critical thinking, and reinforce core concepts ensuring that
your learning experience is not only effective but also engaging.
How SPARQ will benefit you?
SPARQ offers clarity and precision in assessment criteria and rubrics conforming to our CD 2020 (and in alignment
with CBSE Assessment Framework, NEP 2020 & NCF 2023). It will empower you with a transparent understanding
of your learning performance. Every question you encounter on SPARQ comes with well-defined assessment
criteria, guiding you through the expectations and enabling you to gauge your progress with accuracy.
How to use SPARQ?
SPARQ is a comprehensive of practice questions and revision materials, strategically curated to cover a wide
spectrum of subjects and topics. Whether you are gearing up for exams, reinforcing classroom learning, or simply
seeking to enhance your understanding, you may use SPARQ anytime. anywhere and in every step of your learning
journey.
Wish you happy practising!
~ Principal
SPARQ 2023
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge & Concepts
Blueprint of Questions Types
GRADES: 6 - 9 & 11
Cognitive Domains Type of Questions No. of Questions on each Topic
Knowledge & Concepts MCQs upto 5 questions
(refers to theories & infor-
mation which the students Very Short/Short Answer
learn in the class mainly Questions upto 5 questions
through reading, listening,
writing & experiencing)
Skills & Competencies MCQs upto 5 - 6 questions

(refers to potential that Short Answer Questions (SAQ) upto 5 - 6 questions
enables students to use/
apply knowledge effective- Long Answer Questions (LAQ) upto 5 - 6 questions
ly in doing a task)
Problem Solving
(refers to potential that
apply knowledge & skill in Long Answer Questions (LAQ) upto 5 - 10 questions
identifying and analyzing
a problem and solving it
creatively)
Cognitive Domains (CD 2020) Weightages (CD 2020)

Knowledge and Concepts 45%
Skills and Competencies 35%
Problem Solving Skills 20%
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Topic – UI -1
History – How, when, and where
From Trade to Territory
Geography – Resources
Human Resources
MCQ Exemplars: Social Science
Learning Outcome to be Assessed: The students will be able to understand historical events
occurred during the British rule in India.
Q.1- State the person who produced the first map of India?
a. James Mill
b. James Rennel
c. William
d. None of these
Q.2- Name the last Viceroy of India?

a. Lord Irwin
b. Lord Canning
c. Lord Harding
d. Lord Mountbatten
Q.3 The ruler who became the nawab after the death of Alivardi Khan in 1756.
a. Bahadur Shah Zafar
b. Robert Clive
c. Sirajuddaulah
d. Mir Jafar
Q.4 The National Archives of India came up in the ______

a. 1920s
b. 1930s
c. 1940s
d.1950s
Q.5 There are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Mark your answer as per the codes
provided below.
Assertion (A) The Battle of Plassey became famous.
Reason (R) because it was the first major victory of the Indians against the Company.
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
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b. Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.
Learning Outcome to be Assessed: The students will be able to analyze about natural and human
resources and the reason behind uneven distribution of resources and population.
Q.6 Select the two factors that can change substance into a resource.
a. Discovery and depletion
b. Resource conservation and tools
c. Time and technology
d. Resource planning and communication
Q.7 Assertion (A)- People always prefer to live on plains rather than mountains and plateaus
Reason (R)- Plains areas are suitable for farming, manufacturing, and service activities.
a. A is correct but R is wrong
b. A is wrong but R is correct.
c. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
d. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
Q.8 Complete the statement. Non-renewable resources are

a. those which have limited stock
b. made by human beings
c. derived from non-living things
d. None of these
Q.9 Which one of the following is considered as the ultimate resource?

a. Human Resource
b. Natural Resource
c. Power Resource
d. Mineral Resource
Q.10 Complete the statement:

Biotic Resources are
a. Derived from living things
b. Derived from non-living things
c. Made by human beings
d. Derived from nature
Very Short Answers

Q.1 Name the kingdoms which were annexed on the basis of ‘Doctrine of Lapse’.
Q.2 Identify the ruler of England in the year 1600.
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Q.3 Name the last powerful Mughal ruler.
Q.4 In which year did the world population reach 6 billion?
Q.5 Mention one geographic factor responsible for the distribution of population.
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Cognitive Domain: Skills & Competencies
Short answer questions:
Q1 State the reasons why many historians refer to the modern period as colonial?
Q2. What were the grievances of the company regarding the nawabs of Bengal?
Q.3. As human beings, how can we ensure sustainable development?
Q.4 Write a short note on the significance of time and technology in making a substance a resource.
Q.5 Observe the given picture and write a short note on it.
.
Q.6 Explain the system of ‘Subsidiary Alliance’.
Q.7 Mention the cause and consequences of the Battle of Plassey.
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Cognitive Domain: Problem Solving
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS
Q.1 Why do Britishers want to preserve important official documents and letters?
Q.2 Give an account of different European trading companies besides the British East India Company that
entered the Eastern markets.
Q.3 Explain the problems related to division of Indian history into ancient, medieval, and modern.
Q.4 Describe the ways to classify the resources.
Q.5 Explain the policy of Paramountcy, also explain the struggle of Kitoor in challenging this aggressive
policy.
Q.6 “Human beings are also treated as resources”. Justify the statement with suitable examples.
.
Q.7 Look at the picture and answer the following questions:
(source -NCERT page 48)
(a) When does the population increase?

(b) When does the condition of steady population arise?
(c) When does the population decrease?
Q.8 Mention our duty to maintain and preserve the life support system that nature provides us.
Q.9 Describe in detail the areas of conflict between the Bengal nawabs and the East India Company
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ANSWER KEY
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:
Q.1 b. James Rennel
Q.2 d. Lord Mountbatten
Q.3 c. Sirajuddaulah
Q.4 a. 1920s
Q.5 c. A is true, but R is false.
Q.6 c Time and technology
Q.7 d. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
Q.8 a. those which have limited stock
Q.9 a Human Resource
Q.10 a. Derived from living things
VERY SHORT ANSWERS:

Ans.1 Satara, Sambalpur, Udaipur, Nagpur, and Jhansi.
Ans.2 Queen Elizabeth I was the ruler of England in 1600.
Ans.3 Aurangzeb was the last powerful Mughal ruler.
Ans.4In the year 1999.
Ans.5 Topography
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:

Ans.1 The reasons why many historians refer modern period as colonial are as follows:
• historians refer to the Modern Period as Colonial because there was no freedom, equality, or liberty
during the British rule in India.
• The Britishers conquered major parts of India and established its rule over the entire country and in the
process subjugated the local nawabs and rajas.
Ans.2 The company declared that the unjust demands of the local officials were ruining the trade of the company.
Trade could flourish only if the duties were removed. It was also convinced that to expand trade it had to enlarge
its settlements, buy up villages and rebuild forts.
Ans.3 As humans, it is our duty to practice sustainable development.
We can do this by ensuring that:
(a) The usage of renewable resources is sustainable.
(b) The diversity of life on earth is maintained.

Ans.4 Time and technology are important factors in making substances resource. With time, technology develops.
As technology develops, we begin to discover new ways to make life better. In this process, certain substances
which were useless to us earlier become useful. Invention and discovery give us new resources. An example is
hydroelectricity. This technology has made water a source of electricity.
Ans.5 The given picture is of toy Tiger which was a big mechanical toy possessed by Tipu Sultan.
The mechanism of the toy was such that when it was on it roared and the British soldier shrieked.
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Ans. 6
• It was formulated by Lord Wellesley
• Under which Indian kingdoms were given British protection, provided they agreed to maintain British
troops on their soil and at their own expense.
• Any other relevant point.
Ans.7 Cause:
• Siraj-ud daulah refused to grant concessions to the Company, demanded large tributes for the Company's
right to trade, denied it any right to mint coins, and stopped it from extending its fortifications.
• Consequences-
• The Battle of Plassey became famous because it was the first major war that the Company had won in
India
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS:

Ans.1
• The British had kept official records because they believed it would be easier to research and debate
afterwards if they wrote and recorded everything.
• They kept official records of what they thought was right so that those documents could be used as proof
for all future judgments.
• They also preserved Museum archives and documents which can be examined at any time in the future,
whether for research or discussion. These items were saved to check the progress of the country over time.
Ans.2 The different European trading companies besides the British East India Company that entered the Eastern
markets were:
• (a) The Portuguese- By the time the first English ships sailed down the West-coast of Africa, round the
Cape of Good Hope, and crossed the Indian Ocean, the Portuguese had already established their presence
in the western coast of India and had their base in Goa.
• (b) The Dutch -By the early 17th century, the Dutch too were exploring the possibilities of trade in the
Indian ocean.
• (c) The French. The French traders soon arrived on the scene for the same purpose.
Ans.3 The problems related to division of Indian history into ancient, medieval, and modern are as follows:
• This periodization was borrowed from the West where modern period is associated with the growth and
development sciences, rationalism, humanism, logic, freedom, and equality.
• Medieval was a term used to characterize a civilization that lacked the characteristics of modern society.
This characterization of the modern era is difficult to embrace since citizens did not have equality, rights,
or liberty under British law.
• This period was also not a time of economic growth and development.
Ans.4 Resources are broadly classified into natural, man-made and human.
• Natural resources are those that are taken from nature. They are used without modifying them, i.e. in the same
form as they exist in. Rivers, lakes, air, soils, minerals, trees, mountains, etc. are natural resources.
• Man-made resources have not been provided to us by nature. Human beings have used their intelligence to
manufacture them for their own use. Examples include vehicles, buildings, roads, telephone, etc.
• Human resources include people who serve us in any way. A teacher, doctor, carpenter, cobbler, etc are
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human resources.
Ans.5
The Company adopted an aggressive policy of territorial expansion. Governor Generalship, a new policy of
paramountcy was initiated with which the Company claimed that its authority was paramount and supreme, so the
power of the Company was greater than that of Indian states.
So, to protect the Company's interest, it was justified annexing or threatening of annexation to the Indian states.
This policy and its aim continued to guide the later British policies as well.
The struggle of Kitoor challenging this policy was commendable. When the British tried to annex the small state
of Kitoor in Karnataka, Rani Channamma took to arms and led n anti-British resistence movement. She got
arrested in 1824 and died in prison in 1829.
Ans.6 The statement "human beings are also treated as resources" refers to the idea that individuals are often
viewed and used to an end, rather than as ends in themselves. This can be seen in various contexts, such as in the
workforce, in political systems, and in social interactions.
Examples of how human beings are treated as resources include:
Labor: Individuals are often viewed as a source of labour to be used in various industries, such as manufacturing,
agriculture, and service industries. They are often exploited for their time and skills, rather than being valued for
their unique abilities and contributions.
Politics: In some political systems, individuals are viewed to gain power and control, rather than as citizens with
rights and agency. They are used to gain votes and support, rather than being respected and represented.
Advertising and marketing: Humans are often used as a resource for products and services promotion, targeted
based on their demographic, lifestyle, and preferences, rather than as individuals with unique needs and desires.
Ans.7
(a) When birth rate is more than death rate.
(b) When birth rate and death rate both stay the same.
(c) When death rate is more than birth date.
Ans.8 The future of our planet and its people is linked with our ability to maintain and preserve the life support
system that nature provides. Therefore, it is our duty to ensure that.
• all uses of renewable resources are sustainable.

• the diversity of life on the earth is conserved.
• the damage to natural environmental system is minimised.
Ans.9 The following were the points of contention between the Bengal nawabs and the East India Company:
• The Nawabs refused to grant the Company concessions, demanded enormous payments for its ability to
trade, denied it the right to issue money, and prevented it from expanding its defences.
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• They argued that by refusing to pay taxes, writing rude letters, and attempting to humiliate the nawab and
his staff, the Company was depriving the Bengal government of enormous amounts of revenue and
undermining the nawab’s power.
• The Company, for its part, declared that the unjust demands of local officials were hurting the Company’s
trade, and that trade could only grow if the duties were abolished.
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SPARQ 2023
Subject: Social Science

Grade:VIII
A Note to Students
Dear Students,
(SPARQ).
What is SPARQ?
education, we recognize the pivotal role of structured and effective learning tools. SPARQ emerges as your
dedicated companion, providing a robust & meticulously designed question bank aimed to propel your academic
success.
not just a question bank; it is a dynamic repository of thoughtfully curated questions spanning a myriad of
subjects. Each question is carefully crafted to challenge, inspire critical thinking, and reinforce core concepts
ensuring that your learning experience is not only effective but also engaging.
SPARQ offers clarity and precision in assessment criteria and rubrics conforming to our CD 2020 (and in
alignment with CBSE Assessment Framework, NEP 2020 & NCF 2023). It will empower you with a transparent
understanding of your learning performance. Every question you encounter on SPARQ comes with well-defined
assessment criteria, guiding you through the expectations and enabling you to gauge your progress with accuracy.
How to use SPARQ?
seeking to enhance your understanding, you may use SPARQ anytime. anywhere and in every step of your
learning journey.
~ Principal
SPARQ 2023
l
GRADES: 6 - 9 & 11
mation which the students
Very Short/Short Answer
learn in the class mainly upto 5 questions
through reading, listening, Questions

ly in doing a task)
Problem Solving
creatively)

MCQ Exemplars: The Indian Constitution
Assessment Objectives: You will be able to realize that the Constitution is a living, breathing
constitution that changes with time according to societal demands, interpretations, and
amendments.
Q1.During the year_____ the Fundamental duties were included in the Constitution.
(a) 1972
(b) 1976
(c) 1985
(d) 1970
Q2. State the significance of the Preamble in the Indian Constitution.
(a) States the objectives of the president
(b) States the objectives of the election
(c) States the objectives of the Constitution
(d) None of these
Q3. Among the following identify the term which defines the set of rules to govern country.
(a) Preamble
(b) Sovereignty
(c) Constitution
(d) None of these
Q4.__________ defines the introduction to our constitution?
(a) Preamble
(b) Sovereignty
(c) Constitution
(d) None of these
Q5.___________ are included in a parliamentary form of government.
(a) The Council of Ministers exercises all powers headed by the Prime Minister.
(b) The head of the State, President, enjoys real powers.
(c) Union and States enjoy equal powers.
(d) Right to vote is limited.
Q6.Panchayati Raj is the tier of which government?
(a) First
(b) Second
(c) Third
(d) Fourth
Q7.Right against exploitation does not include which prohibition?
(a) Prohibition of trafficking
(b) Prohibition of forced labor
(c) Prohibition of employment of children below 14 years of age
(d) Prohibition of untouchability
Q8.Define Preamble?
(a) Idol of lion
(b) Format of rules
(c) Introduction to our constitution
(d) None of these
Q9. What do you mean by republican form of government?
(a) No king in republic
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(b) No British in republic
(c) No female in republic
(d) None of these
Q10. Define Sovereignty.
(a) Freedom to establish new country
(b) Freedom to govern oneself
(c) Peoples government
(d) None of these
Q11._________ is the name of the Kingship or rule of a king?
(a) Democracy
(b) Constitution
(c) Monarchy
(d) None of these
Q12. Define secular state.
(a) Don’t have any official religion
(b) Don’t have any king
(c) Don’t have any preamble
(d) None of these
Q13. Analyse the meaning of the Right to equality.
(a) Rich people are higher than poorer
(b) All are equal before law
(c) Government officer are superior
(d) None of these
Q14._____implies all the citizens of a country are equal before law.
(a) Parliamentary rule
(b) Independence of the judiciary
(c) Right to equality
(d) Fundamental rights
Q15.On___________our Constitution was adopted and was enforced.
(a) 26 January, 1950
(b) 15 August, 1947
(c) 2 October, 1950
(d) 26 November, 1949
Q16. _________is the father of the Indian Constitution.
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Sardar Patel
(d) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
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Assessment Objective : You will be able to understand the causes and consequences of deforestation and its
impact on biodiversity and climate.
MCQ Exemplars: Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources
Q1.Large scale destruction of forests cover and arable land has occured due to the following:
(a) Growing population
(b) Ever growing demand of the population
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
Q2.The uneven distribution of population in the world is due to the varied characteristics of
(a) land and climate
(b) climate
(c) vegetation
(d) settlements
Q3. __________percentage of the total area of the earth’s surface is covered by the most important natural
resource Land?
(a) About 20 %
(b) About 30 %
(c) About 40 %
(d) About 70 %
Q4._________ determine the use of land.
(a) Soil and topography
(b) Climate and vegetation
(c) Availability of water
(d) All of these
Q5.Identify from the list given below, the different type of land based on the ownership of the land
(a) Plains and Mountains
(b) Private and Community (Government) owned
(c) Fertile and Barren
(d) Rural and Urban
Q6._______ is not an example of ground water.
(a) Water flowing in rivers
(b) Water through wells
(c) Water through hand pumps
(d) Water through submersible pumps
Q7.Out of the given options, which one refer to the land used for grazing cattle.
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(a) Pasture Land
(b) Fallow Land
(c) Arable Land
(d) Forest Land
Q8.Identify the term that can be given to the various layers in the soil after it is cut out like a slice of cake.
(a) Top Soil
(b) Soil Horizon
(c) Sub Soil
(d) Soil Mixture
Q9.The major factors of soil formation are the nature of parent rock and __________.
(a) Deforestation
(b) Soil Erosion
(c) Overgrazing
(d) Climatic factors
Q10. Define the term Land degradation .
(a) Decline in the use of fertilizers
(b) The decline in the productivity of cultivated land or forest land
(c) Presence of rocks and minerals in the soil
(d) The slope of the land
Q11. The total percent of land of world under forest is____.
(a) 26
(b) 31
(c) 36
(d) 41
Q12.Australia uses its largest portion of its area for
(a) Pastures
(b) Crop land
(c) Forest
(d) Other uses
Q13. Among the following identify the Continent where Tanzania is situated?
a. Africa
b. Asia
c. Europe
d. Australia
Q14: Identify the lowermost layer of the soil.
a. Weathering rock
b. Parent rock
c. Top soil
d. Sub – soil
Q15. The layer parallel to soil is called __________.
a. Soil horizon
b. Bottom soil.
c. Arid Soil
d. Top Soil
Q16.______ helps to keep the soil moisture.
a. Mulching
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b. Retention Wall
c. Terrace cultivation
d. All of these
Q17. _____ soil used for Cotton cultivation.

a. Black soil
b. Red soil
c. Laterite soil
d. Arid soil
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Assessment Objective: Understanding how different types of land are utilized for agricultural, residential,
industrial, recreational, and conservation purposes.
SAQ Exemplars: Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources
Q1. Define Common Property Resources.
Q2. State the meaning of Weathering.
Q3. Distinguish between Biosphere and Ecosystem.
Q4. Discuss the process of Rain Water Harvesting.
Q5. Mention one difference between National Parks and Biosphere Reserves.
Q6. List out the five important uses of land.
Q7. M e n t i o n a n y t w o m e t h o d s o f s o i l c o n s e r v a t i o n .
Q8. State one of the main causes of Landslides.
Q9. Define land use.

Q10. State the full form of CITES.
Q11.How are soils formed?
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Assessment Objective: You will be able to comprehend the essential rights—such as the freedom to be free, the
right to equality, the right to be free from exploitation, etc.—that the Indian Constitution grants to its citizens.
SAQ Exemplars: The Indian Constitution
1. List the three organs of the state.

2. Remember the date on which Indian constitution was adopted by the Constituent Assembly and also the
date on which it came into force.
3. Recall the other name for Council of Ministers and the House of the People.
4. Recall the third tier of the government.
5. Mention the smaller group of people who are responsible for implementing laws
and running the government.
6. Remember a political institution that represents a sovereign people who occupy a definite
territory.
7. Identify the Fundamental Right that
a. Allows freedom of speech and expression
b. Prohibits trafficking, forced labour and children working under 14 years
of the age.
c. Allows Indians to profess and propagate the religion of their choice.
d. Allows citizens to move the court if they believe that any of their
Fundamental Rights have been violated by the state.
8. Recall who was the President of the Constituent Assembly.
9. Recall who was the chairman of the drafting committee.
10. State how many Fundamental Rights do we have in our constitution.
11. Mention the ideal and value on which the Constitution of India is based.
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LAQ Exemplars: Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources
Learning Outcome to be Assessed: You will be able to explain the characteristics of natural veg-
etation and wildlife.
Q1. Explain four important factors of soil formation.

Q2. Mention some of causes of soil erosion.
Q3. Can you identify which countries of the world are facing water shortage.
Q4. Suggest the ways to conserve water
Q5. “forests useful to man”. Justify the statement
Q6. Mention the factors responsible for depletion of forests.
Q7. List out five measures taken by the government to conserve wildlife.
Q8. Define landslides? State the causes of landslides.
Q9. Describe four ways of conserving soil.
Q10. Discuss the meaning of forest fires? Also describe its causes and give some measures to control it.
Q11. Discuss any four methods of agricultural practices that can be adopted for soil conservation.
Q12. Mention some of the reasons for concern over declining number of certain species.
Q13. Land is an important gift of nature. Justify this statement.
Q14. Explain some mitigation strategies to protect ourselves from landslides
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Assessment Objective: You will be able to recognizing the fundamental responsibilities set forth in the
Constitution and its significance in encouraging citizens to take responsibility for their actions.
LAQ Exemplars: The Indian Constitution
1. List the two fold objectives of Fundamental Rights.
2. Describe the features of the Indian Constitution.
3. List the Fundamental Rights in Indian Constitution.
4. Describe how the Constitution provides safeguards against misuse of power.
5. Explain Right to Equality.
6. Explain the circumstances that played an important role in framing of the constitution.
7. Discuss the challenges that the members of the Constituent Assembly had before them
while framing the constitution.
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MCQ Exemplars: The Indian Constitution

1. (b) 1976
2. (c) States the objectives of the Constitution
3. (c) Constitution
4. (a) Preamble
5. (a) The Council of Ministers exercises all powers headed by the Prime Minister.
6. (c) Third
7. (d) Prohibition of untouchability
8. (c) Introduction to our constitution
9. (a) No king in republic
10. (a) Freedom to establish new country
11. (c) Monarchy
12. (a) Don’t have any official religion
13. (b) All are equal before law
14. (c) Right to equality
15. (a) 26 January, 1950
16. (d) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
MCQ Exemplars: Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources
1. (c) Both (a) and (b)
2. (a) land and climate
3. About 30 %
4. All of these
5. (b) Private and Community (Government) owned
6. (a) Water flowing in rivers
7. (a) Pasture Land
8. (b) Soil Horizon
9. (d) Climatic factors
10. (b) The decline in the productivity of cultivated land or forest land
11. (b) 31
12. (a) Pastures
13. a. Africa
14. d. Sub – soil
15. a. Soil horizon
16. a. Mulching
17. a. Black soil
SAQ Exemplars: Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources
1. Community land is owned by the community for common uses like collection of fodder,
fruits, nuts or medicinal herbs. These community lands are also called common property
resources.
2. The breaking up and decay of exposed rocks, by temperature changes, frost action, plants,
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animals and man is called weathering.
3. Layer between the lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere that we call biosphere.
In the biosphere living beings are inter-related and interdependent on each other for survival.
This life supporting system is known as the ecosystem.
4. Rain water harvesting is the process of collecting rain water from roof tops and directing it to
an appropriate location and storing if for future use. On an average, one spell of rain for two
hours is enough to save 8,000 litres of water.
5. National Park: A natural area designated to protect the ecological integrity of one or more
ecosystems for present and future generations.
Biosphere reserves: Series of protected areas linked through a global network, intended to
demonstrate the relationship between conservation and development.
6. Agriculture, forestry, mining, building houses, roads and setting up of industries

7. Contour ploughing, retention wall.
8. Defforestation, Heavy rainfall
9. Land is used for different purposes such as agriculture, forestry, mining, building houses, roads and
setting up of industries. This is commonly termed as Land use.
10. The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.
11. • The thin layer of grainy substance covering the surface of the earth is called soil.
• Soil is made up of organic matter, minerals and weathered rocks found on the earth.
• This happens through the process of weathering. The right mix of minerals and
organic matter makes the soil fertile.
SAQ Exemplars: The Indian Constitution

1. Legislature, Executive and Judiciary
2. 26th November 1949; 26th January 1950.
3.
Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha
4.
Panchayati Raj
5.
Executives
6.
The State
7.
a. Right to Freedom
b. Right Against Exploitation
c. Right to Freedom of Religion
d. Right to Constitutional Remedies
9. DR. Rajendra Prasad
10. The Governor
11. Equality , Justice and Rights for all.
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LAQ Exemplars: Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources
1. The major factors of soil formation are the nature of the parent rock and climatic factors.
Other factors are the topography, role of organic material and time taken for the composition
of soil formation.
• Parent Rock: Determines colour, texture, chemical properties
mineral, content, permeability
• Climate: Temperature, Rainfall influence rate of weathering and humus formation
• Relief: Altitude and slope, determine accumulation of soil
• Flora, Fauna and Micro-organism Affect the rate of humus formation
• Time : Determines thickness of soil profile.
2. •Washing down the top most layer of soil by different agents like water, wind and movement of glacier is
called soil erosion.
• Both human and natural factors can lead to soil erosion. Factors which lead to soil erosion are
deforestation, overgrazing, overuse of chemical feritilisers or pesticides, rain wash, landslides and floods.
3. • Most of Africa, West Asia, South Asia, parts of western USA, North-West Mexico, parts of South
America and entire Australia are facing shortages in fresh water supply
• . Countries located in climatic zones most susceptible to droughts face great problems of water scarcity.
4. •Treatment of industrial effluents: Most of chemicals being non-biodegradable reach human bodies
through water.Water pollution can be controlled by treating these effluents suitably before releasing them
in water bodies.
• Planting more trees : Forest and other vegetation cover slow the surface runoff and replenish underground
water.
• Rain water harvesting system: Water harvesting isanother method to save surface runoff. The canals
should beproperly lined to minimize losses by water seepage. For example johads or khadins in Rajasthan
where agricultural fields are converted into rain fed areas , guls or kuls in western Himalayas, roof top
rainwater harvesting, bamboo drip irrigation in the area of mountains.
• Sprinklers effectively irrigate the area by checking water losses through seepage and evaporation. In dry
regions with high rates of evaporation, drip or trickle irrigation is very useful.
• Constructions of dams on rivers to conserve water
for different purposes.
5. • Plants provide us with timber,
• Give shelter to animals,
• Produce oxygen we breathe,
• help in storage of underground water, give us fruits, nuts, latex, turpentine oil, gum, medicinal plants and
also the paper that is so essential for us.
6. Deforestation, soil erosion, constructional activities, forest fires, tsunami and landslides are some of the
human made and natural factors which together accelerate the process of extinction of these great natural
resources.
7. • National parks, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves are made to protect our natural vegetation and
wildlife.
• Conservation of creeks, lakes, and wetlands is necessary to save the precious resource from depletion
There is a balance in the environment if the relative number of species is not disturbed.
• Awareness programmes like social forestry and Vanamohatasava should be encouraged at the regional
and community level. School children should be encouraged for bird watching and visiting nature camps
so that they appreciate the habitat of varied species.
• Many countries have passed laws declaring that the trades as well as killing of birds and animals are
illegal. In India, killing of lions, tigers, deers, great Indian bustards and peacocks have been banned.
8. • Landslides are simply defined as the mass movement of rock, debris or earth down a slope.
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• Causes of landslides: They often take place in conjunction with earthquakes, floods and volcanoes. A
prolonged spell of rainfall can cause heavy landslide that can block the flow of river.
9. Some methods of soil conservation are
• Mulching: The bare ground between plants is covered with a layer of organic matter like straw. It helps to
retain soil moisture.
• Contour barriers: Stones, grass, soil are used to build barriers along contours. Trenches are made in front
of the barriers to collect water.
• Rock dam: Rocks are piled up to slow down the flow of water. This prevents gullies and further soil loss.
• Terrace farming: These are made on the steep slopes so that flat surfaces are available to grow crops.
They can reduce surface run-off and soil erosion
• Intercropping: Different crops are grown in alternate rows and are sown at different times to protect the
soil from rain wash.
• Contour ploughing: Ploughing parallel to the contours of a hill slope to form a natural barrier for water to
flow down the slope .
• Shelter belts: In the coastal and dry regions, rows of trees are planted to check the wind movement to
protect soil cover.
10. "Forest fire" means a fire burning uncontrolled on lands covered wholly or in part by timber, brush, grass,
grain,or other flammable vegetation. It is the most common hazard in forests. ... Forest fires may be caused
due to natural or manmade reasons.
• It occurs mainly due to three reasons.:
a. Natural fire due to lightening etc.
b. Fire due to heat generated in the litter due to carelessness of people.
c. Purposely caused fire by local inhabitants.
• Some Control Measures;
a. Prevention of human-caused fires through education.
b. Prompt detection of fires through well co-ordinated network of obsevation points,
c. efficient ground patroling and communication network.
11. Mulching: The bare ground between plants is covered with a layer of organic matter like straw. It
helps to retain soil moisture.
• Contour barriers: Stones, grass, soil are used to build barriers along contours. Trenches are made in front
of the barriers to collect water.
• Rock dam: Rocks are piled up to slow down the flow of water. This prevents gullies and further soil loss.
• Terrace farming: These are made on the steep slopes so that flat surfaces are available to grow crops.
They can reduce surface run-off and soil erosion
• Intercropping: Different crops are grown in alternate rows and are sown at different times to protect the
soil from rain wash.
• Contour ploughing: Ploughing parallel to the contours of a hill slope to form a natural barrier for water to
flow down the slope .
• Shelter belts: In the coastal and dry regions, rows of trees are planted to check the wind movement to
protect soil cover.
12. • When a species becomes endangered, it is a sign that the ecosystem is slowly falling apart. Each species that
is lost triggers the loss of other species within its ecosystem.
• Humans depend on healthy ecosystems to purify our environment. If we allow our environment to
become contaminated, we risk our own health.
• The conservation of endangered species is important for as well. A well-balanced ecosystem purifies the
environment, giving us clean air to breathe, a healthy water system to support diverse marine life, and
arable land for agricultural production.When ecosystems fail, our own health is at risk.
13. • Land is important gift of nature because it is the most important thing we need to survive because on land we
get water,on land we live,on land tree grows and we get oxygen,fruits , vegetables, woods , timber etc. so land is
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important gift of nature.
• Land is an important gift of nature for the human beings, animals as well as for the plants. Animals and plants
get all the nutrients and minerals on the land to grow and survive.
• Take human being, we cannot walk on the water, so a land is form of gift which we use to live in a peaceful and
desired way.
14. Mitigation Mechanism Advancement in scientific techniques has empowered us to understand what factors
cause landslides and how to manage them. Some broad mitigation techniques of landslide are as follows:
• Hazard mapping locate areas prone to landslides. Hence, such areas can be avoided for building settlements.
• Construction of retention wall to stop land from slipping.
• Increase in the vegetation cover is an effective way to arrest landslide.
• The surface drainage control works are implemented to control the movement of landslide along with rain water
and spring flows.
LAQ Exemplars: The Indian Constitution

1. • As DR. B R Ambedkar has said about these fundamental rights, their
objective is :-
•The first objective is that every citizen must be in a position to claim
those rights.
• And secondly, those rights must be binding upon every authority that has got the
power to make laws.
2. •FEDERALISM:- This refers to the existence of more than one level of

government in the country. In India we have three levels of government.
•PARLIAMENTARY FORM OF GOVERNMENT:- This means that the people of
India have a direct role in electing their representatives. Also, every citizen of the
country irrespective of their caste color or their religion can also contest elections.
•SEPERATION OF POWERS:- According to the Constitution there are three organs
of the state. These are the legislature , the executive and the judiciary.
3. •Right to Equality:- All persons are equal before the law. This means that all persons
shall be treated equally and protected by the laws of the country.
•Right to Freedom:- This includes the right to freedom of speech and expression,
right to freedom of association etc.
•Right against Exploitation:- The Constitution prohibits human trafficking, forced
labor and child labor.
•Right to Freedom of Religion:- Religious freedom is provided to all citizens, every
person has the right to practice, profess and propagate the religion of their choice.
•Cultural and Educational Rights:- All minorities, religious or linguistic can set up
their own educational institutions.
•Right to Constitutional Remedies:- This allows citizens to move to the court if any
of their Fundamental Rights have been violated.
4. •In a democracy we chose our leaders so that they can exercise power responsibly on our behalf.
• However there is always a possibility that leaders might misuse their authority.
• The misuse of authority can result in injustice and inequality.
• In democratic societies, the constitution often lays down rules that guard against the misuse of power by
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political leaders.
5. All persons are equal before the law.

•This means all shall be protected by the laws of the country.
• It also states that no one can be discriminated against on the basis of their religion
or caste.
•Every person has access to all public places including playgrounds, hotels and Shops.
6. During the freedom struggle the nationalists had devoted a great deal of time for imagining and planning
what a free India would ne like.
• Under the British, they had been forced to obey rules that they had very little role
in making.
• The long experience of authoritarian rule under the colonial state convinced Indians
that free India should be democratic.
• Every person should be treated equally and be allowed to participate in
government.
7. •The country was made up of several different communities who spoke different
languages, belonged to different religions and had distinct culture.
• When the constitution was being framed, India was going through a considerable
turmoil.
• Some of the princely states remained undecided about the future.
• And the socio-economic condition of the vast mass of people appeared dismal.
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SPARQ 2023

Grade: 8
A Note to Students
Dear Students,
(SPARQ).
What is SPARQ?
success.
How to use SPARQ?
learning journey.
~ Principal
SPARQ 2023
GRADES: 6 - 9 & 11

ly in doing a task)
Problem Solving
creatively)

Learning Outcome to be Assessed: You will be able to explain the structure and
function of Parliament.
Q1.
Q2. Which branch of government is responsible for making laws in a parliamentary system?
(a) Executive (b) Legislative (c) Judicial (d) Administrative
Q3. The parliament of India has how many houses?

(a) 2 (b) 6 (c) 7 (d) 3
Q4. The combined strength of all political parties in the Parliament with less than 50% of representatives is
(a) ruling party (b) opposition (c) coalition (d) none of these
Q5. As Diwan, Company had to look after _____ of Bengal.

(a) defense (b) financial administration (c) religious issues (d) judiciary
Q6. If zamindars didn’t paid revenue, then British used to ____

(a) imprison them (b) leave them (c) seize their land(d) auction their land
Q7. Morris cotton print was invented by ______
(a) William Morris (b) Robert Morris (c) Bentick Morris (d) Thomas Morris
Q8. Champaran movement was against ______

(a) peasants (b) villagers (c) East India Company (d) oppressive attitude of planters
Q9. Correct the statement.

Robert Clive devised the new land revenue system which came into effect in 1822.
Holt Mackenzie
Q10. Discovery of synthetic dyes affected the demand of Indigo.
Q11. Match the following-

(i) Peasants Ryoti's land cultivation
(ii) Village Nij
(iii) Planters own land cultivation Mahal
(iv) Ryoti Ryot

Ans:
(i) Ryot
(ii) Mahal
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(iii) Nij
(iv) Ryoti’s land cultivation
Q12. The growers of woad in Europe saw indigo as a crop that would threaten their livelihood.
Q13. The weavers of Andhra Pradesh created Kalamkari print.
Q14. India was the biggest supplier of indigo in the world in the 19th century.
Q15. The members of Lok Sabha are called Members of Parliament.
Q16. The Lok Sabha is the House of Representatives directly elected by the people.
SAQ Exemplar: Social Science
Q17. Define the terms- Bigha and Mahal.

Ans. Bigha-A unit of measurement of land. Before British rule, the size of this area varied. In Bengal the British
standardised it to about one-third of an acre.
Mahal: In British revenue records Mahal is a revenue estate which may be a village or a group of villages.
Q18. Name the Act implemented in 2006 to protect women from torture.
Ans. The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act 2006.
Q19. State the name of two methods of Indigo cultivation.

Ans. Nij and Ryoti
Q20. Identify the similarity between the Kalamkari print of 12th century and Morris cotton print of late 19th
century.
Ans. Both used indigo for blue colour
SPARQ 2023
MCQ Exemplar #01: So. Sc
• Assessment Objective: You will be assessed on the ability to analyze the roles and responsibilities of
each House, including law-making, holding the government accountable, and debating crucial issues.
Q. ____ is the purpose of public participation in the lawmaking process.
(a) To ensure secrecy and confidentiality
(b) (b) To expedite the passage of laws
(c) To provide transparency and accountability
(d) To limit citizen involvement
MCQ Exemplar #02: So. Sc.

Assessment Objective: You will be assessed on the importance of Parliament.
1. Parliament enable citizens of India to actively participate in decision making by:

1. It gives power to the people to control the government through their representatives.
2. It gives power to the people to control the government through their representatives and also to
participate in the decision-making process.
3. It gives power to the people to participate in the decision-making process but not to control the government
through their representatives.
4. It neither gives power to the people to control the government through their representative nor to
participate in the decision-making process.
2. Parliament can ______
(a) To abolish an existing law, replace the old, abolished law with a new law, amend the existing laws, and
create new laws.
(b) To scrutinize the actions of the government.
(c) To hold the executive accountable to the people.
(d) All the above
MCQ Exemplar #03: So. Sc
Assessment Objective: You will be assessed on the ability to analyze the demand of indigo.
Assertion: The British wanted to grow the 'indigo plant' in India because it was in high demand in Europe.
Reason: The indigo plant grows primarily in the tropics.
(a) Both assertion and reason are true, and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) Both assertion and reason are true, but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) Assertion is true, but reason is false.
(d) Both assertion and reason are false.
MCQ Exemplar #04: So.Sc.
Correct the underlined word and rewrite the statement.

By the late eighteenth century, the cultivators tried their best to expand the
cultivation of opium and indigo.
Company
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LAQ Exemplar #01: So.Sc.
Assessment Objective: You will be assessed on their critical thinking skill about
the Indigo cultivation and harsh loan cycles.
1. State the reasons that led Britain turn to India for indigo.
British turned to India for Indigo because:
By 18th century, the demand for Indigo grew further with industrialization of cotton textiles.
2. As the demand increased, the existing supplies from West Indies and America collapsed due to a variety
of reasons.
3. Between 1783 and 1789, the production of indigo in the world fell by half and Britain looked forward to
Indian cultivators for indigo plantation and supplies.
2. How did the indigo production in Bengal collapse?
1. The indigo ryots did not get the support of the local zamindars and village headmen in their rebellion
against the planters.
2. Worried by the rebellion, the government set up the Indigo Commission to enquire into the system of
indigo production.
3. The Commission held the planters guilty, and criticized them for the coercive methods they used
with indigo cultivators.
3. It was declared that indigo production was not profitable for ryots.
4. The Commission asked the ryots to fulfil their existing contracts but also told them that they could
refuse to produce indigo in future.
After the revolt, indigo production collapsed in Bengal.
LAQ Exemplar #02: Science

Assessment Objective: You will be assessed on their critical thinking skill about
parliament and its functions.
1. How does Parliament control the executive?
1. The Executive is responsible to the Parliament for all acts of omissions and commissions.
2. It keeps a check on the activities performed by the ruling party by asking questions.
3. The Parliament may remove a Cabinet out of power by a vote of no confidence.
4. It may reject a bill or a budget proposal of the Cabinet.
2. Parliament is the most important symbol of Indian Democracy’. Explain.
1. There is a relation between the ideas of participation in decision-making and the need for all
democratic governments to have the consent of their citizens.
2. It is these elements that together make India a democratic country and this is best expressed
in the institution of the Parliament.
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3. Parliament enables citizens of India to participate in decision making and control the
government, thus making it the most important symbol of Indian democracy and a key
feature of the Constitution.
3. Compare and contrast between the major features of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.
Lok Sabha
1. It is a body of representatives of people.
2. It’s members are directly elected usually once in five years.
3. The minimum qualifying age for the members is 25 years.
4. The present members of Lok Sabha are 545 including two nominated members by the
President.
Rajya Sabha
1. It is the upper house of the Parliament.
2. It has not more than 250 members including twelve members nominated by the President.
3. Members of Rajya Sabha are not elected by the people directly but indirectly by the
members of Legislative Assemblies of various states.
4. The minimum qualifying age for members is 30 years.
5. Analyse why peasants were reluctant to expand the area under Nij Cultivation and Ryoti System.
Problem with Nij cultivation
1. Planters found it difficult to expand the area under nij cultivation. Indigo could be cultivated only on
fertile lands, and these were all already densely populated.
2. Planters needed large areas in compact blocks to cultivate indigo in plantations.
3. A large plantation required a vast number of hands to operate.
4. Nij cultivation on a large scale also required many ploughs and bullocks
5. Investing on purchase and maintenance of ploughs was a big problem.
Problem with Ryoti system
1. Under the ryoti system, the planters forced the ryots to sign a contract, an agreement (satta).
2. Those who signed the contract got cash advances from the planters at low rates of interest to produce
indigo. But the loan committed the ryot to cultivating indigo on at least 25 per cent of the area under
his holding.
3. The planter provided the seed and the drill, while the cultivators prepared the soil, sowed the seed and
looked after the crop.
4. When the crop was delivered to the planter after the harvest, a new loan was given to the ryot, and the
cycle started all over again.
5. After an indigo harvest the land could not be sown with rice
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Grade: VIII
A Note to Students
Dear Students,
(SPARQ).
What is SPARQ?
How to use SPARQ?
journey.
~ Principal
SPARQ 2023
GRADES: 6 - 9 & 11

ly in doing a task)
Problem Solving
creatively)

SPARQ 2023
Topic – UI -4
Political Science: Judiciary
Geography – Agriculture
Learning Outcome to be Assessed: The students will be able to understand the meaning of
the term Agriculture and the factors affecting agriculture.
Q1- Identify the Latin word from which agriculture is derived.

(a) Ager or Agri
(b) Agre
(c) Agril
(d) Arin or Ari
Q2- Primary activities include all those connected with extraction and production of natural resources.
Identify the primary activity.
(a) Transportation
(b) Manufacturing
(c) Agriculture
(d) Trade
Q3- Favorable topography of soil and climate are vital for which of the following activity?
(a) Marketing
(b) Trading
(c) Mining
(d) Agriculture
LearningOutcome
Learning Outcome to to be
be Assessed:
Assessed: The
The students
studentswill be able
will to analyze
be able about natural
to understand and human
the meaning of
the term Judiciary
resources and the and different
reason behindlevels
unevenof distribution
courts. of resources and population.
Q4. Identify the system which provides a mechanism for resolving disputes.
a. MLA’s
b. Judiciary
c. Executive
d. Legislature
Q5. Assertion (A)- There are three different levels of courts in our country.
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Reason (R)- There are several courts at the lower level while there is only one at the apex level..
VSA
Learning Outcome to be Assessed: The students will be able to comprehend the role of
courts at different level.
Q6. Name the highest court of the state.
Q7. Mention three presidencies where High Courts were first established.
Learning Outcome to be Assessed: The students will be able to know the farm system used by the
farmers.
Q8. Mention any three inputs used in farm system.
Learning Outcome to be Assessed: The students will be able to understand the importance of
different levels of courts.
Q9. A person can appeal to a higher court if they believe that the judgment passed by the lower court is not just. True/False
Q10. By whom the Supreme court is presided over.
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MCQ
Learning Outcome to be Assessed: Students will be able to explore the various aspects of
agriculture including factors affecting agriculture and its contribution to
economy.
Q11. Among the following activities which of the activity is concentrated in those regions of the world where suitable
factors for the growing of crops exist.
(a) Trade
(b) Communication
(c) Mining
(d) Agriculture
Q12. There are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Mark your answer as per the codes
provided below.
Assertion (A). Two-thirds of India’s population is still dependent on agriculture.
Reason (R). Agriculture is a primary activity. It includes growing crops, fruits, vegetables, flowers and rearing of livestock.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Learning Outcome to be Assessed: Students will be able to explain the role of judiciary in
interpreting and applying laws.
Q13. As the final interpreter of the Constitution, the judiciary also has the power to strike down particular laws passed by the
Parliament if it believes that these are a violation of the basic structure of the Constitution. This is called _________.
(a) Eviction
(b) Judicial Review
(c) Compensation
(d) Acquit
Q14. The Supreme Court in the early 1980s devised a mechanism of Public Interest Litigation or PIL to increase _______.
(a) Access to justice
(b) Violate the law
(c) The muscle power
(d) Violate fundamental rights.
SAQ:
Learning Outcome to be Assessed: Students will be able to explore the various aspects of
agriculture including factors affecting agriculture and its contribution to economy.
Q15. State any one reason how the Sericulture is different from Horticulture
Q16. State any two points how organic farming is practised?
Learning Outcome to be Assessed: Students will be able to understand how the rule of law
ensures justice and protect individuals right.
Q17. Define Criminal law and the civil law.
Q18. Mention the role of judiciary in two points.
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Q19. State the meaning of integrated judicial system.
Long answer questions:
Q20. Explain in three points the role of judiciary.
Learning Outcome to be Assessed: Students will be able explore hierarchy of various courts.
Q21. Describe the structure of courts in India.
Learning Outcome to be Assessed: Students will be able to explain the factors influencing the
type of agriculture practiced in different regions.
Q22.Explain any three features of shifting cultivation also mention where it is practiced?
Q23. Differentiate between Subsistance farming and commercial farming.
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Learning Outcome to be Assessed: Students will be able explore the modern farming methods
and techniques for higher production.
Q24. Analyse the efforts made to increase farm production in order to meet the growing demand of increasing population.
Q25. Explain shifting cultivation. Name the crops produced in shifting cultivation , also mention any three
disadvantages of this type of farming.
Q26. Read the passage and answer thye following questions:

The average size of a farm in the USA is much larger than that of an Indian farm. A typical farm size in the USA is
about 250 hectares. The farmer generally resides in the farm. Some of the major crops grown are corn, soyabean,
wheat, cotton and sugarbeet. Joe Horan, a farmer in the Midwest USA, in Iowa State owns about 300 hectares of
land. He grows corn on his field after making sure that soil and water resources meet the needs of this crop.
Adequate measures are taken to control pests that can damage the crop. From time to time he sends the soil
samples to a soil testing laboratory to check whether the nutrients are sufficient or not. The results help Joe Horan
to plan a scientific fertiliser programme. His computer is linked to the satellite which gives him a precise picture
of his field. This helps him to use chemical fertilisers and pesticides wherever they are required.
Source: NCERT
(a) Name the type of farming practiced in USA.

(b) Explain any two advantages of the farming practiced in USA.
(c) Suggest any two methods adopted by the farmers of USA for higher production.
Q27. Analyse how the structure of the courts in India from the lower to the highest level is such that it resembles
like pyramid.
Learning Outcome to be Assessed: Students will be able to understand the hierarchy of

judiciary and its judicial system.
Q28.Observe the picture given below and answer the following questions:
a) Identify the building given in the picture. Where is it located?
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(b) Name the judicial institute that works from this building. What is its position in the judicial system in India?
(c) State the power of Judicial Review.
Q29.Explain the role does separation of power play in making independence of judiciary successful. Explain in
two points in what ways does the Supreme Court act as a guardian of Fundamental Rights?
ANSWER KEY
Q1. Ager or Agri
Q2. Agriculture
Q3. Agriculture
Q4. Judiciary
Q5. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q.6 High court
Q7. Calcutta, Bombay and Madras
Q8. Seeds, fertilizers, irrigation facilities etc.
Q9. True
Q10 Supreme Court that is located in New Delhi is presided over by the Chief Justice of India.
VERY SHORT ANSWERS:

Q11. Agriculture
Q12. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q13. Judicial review Access to justice
Q14 Access to justice
SAQ
Q15 Sericulture: Commercial rearing of silk worms. It may supplement the income of the farmer
Horticulture Growing vegetables, flowers and fruits for commercial use.
Q16. Organic Farming In this type of farming, organic manure and natural pesticides are used instead of chemicals.
No genetic modification is done to increase the yield of the crop.
Q17.Criminal law: Deals with conduct or acts that law defines as offences. For example, theft, harassing a woman to bring
more dowry, murder.
Civil law: Deals with any harm or injury to rights of individuals. For example, disputes relating to sale of land, purchase of
goods, rent matters, divorce cases.
Q18.Supreme Court acts as a guardian of fundamental rights as it ensures that people are able to practice their
rights in the required manner. Every citizen of India can approach the Supreme Court or the High Court if they
believe that their Fundamental Rights have been violated
Q19. Integrated judicial system means that decision taken by the higher court is binded to all the other courts.
Q20. Dispute Resolution: The judicial system provides a mechanism for resolving disputes between citizens, between
citizens and the government, between two state governments and between the centre and state governments. Judicial Review:
As the final interpreter of the Constitution, the judiciary also has the power to strike down particular laws passed by the
Parliament if it believes that these are a violation of the basic structure of the Constitution. This is called judicial review.
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Upholding the Law and Enforcing Fundamental Rights: Every citizen of India can approach the Supreme Court or the High
Court if they believe that their Fundamental Rights have been violated.
• Q21.There are three different levels of courts in our country. There are several courts at the lower level while there is
only one at the apex level. The courts that most people interact with are what are called subordinate or district courts.
These are usually at the district or Tehsil level or in towns and they hear many kinds of cases.
• Each state is divided into districts that are presided over by a District Judge. Each state has a High Court which is the
highest court of that state.
• At the top is the Supreme Court that is located in New Delhi and is presided over by the Chief Justice of India. The
decisions made by the Supreme Court are binding on all other courts in India.
Q22.Shifting cultivation:
• It is practised in the thickly forested areas of Amazon basin, tropical Africa, parts of southeast Asia and Northeast
India. These are the areas of heavy rainfall and quick regeneration of vegetation.
• A plot of land is cleared by felling the trees and burning them. The ashes are then mixed with the soil and crops like
maize, yam, potatoes and cassava are grown.
• After the soil loses its fertility, the land is abandoned and the cultivator moves to a new plot. Shifting cultivation is
also known as ‘slash and burn’ agriculture.
Q23.
• Subsistence Farming :This type of farming is practised to meet the needs of the farmer’s family.
• Traditionally, low levels of technology and household labour are used to produce on small output.
• Subsistence farming can be further classified as intensive subsistence and primitive subsistence farming
• Commercial farming: crops are grown and animals are reared for sale in market.
• The area cultivated and the amount of capital used is large.
• Most of the work is done by machines. Commercial farming includes commercial grain farming, mixed farming and
plantation agriculture.
SPARQ 2023
Q24. This can be achieved in many ways such as increasing the cropped area
• By increasing the number of crops grown also improving irrigation facilities.
• With the help of using fertilisers and high yielding variety of seeds.
• Another aspect of agricultural development is through the mechanisation of agriculture.
Q25.
Shifting cultivation :
• A plot of land is cleared by felling the trees and burning them.
• The ashes are then mixed with the soil.It is practised in the thickly forested areas of Amazon basin, tropical
Africa, parts of southeast Asia and Northeast India.
• Crops like maize, yam, potatoes and cassava are grown.
Disadvantages:
• Farmer has to move to another place once the soil losses its fertility.
• Farmers have to depend on the on monsoon for irrigation purpose.
• Cutting of large no. of trees lead to land degradation and soil degradation.
Q26.
(a) Commercial farming.
(b) Production is on large scale and farmer do farming as business person also makes profit after selling the crops.
(c) Farmers use chemical fertilisers and pesticides wherever they are required.
From time to time he sends the soil samples to a soil testing laboratory to check whether the nutrients are
sufficient or not
Q27.
• There are three different level of courts in our country.
• There are several courts at the lower, while there is only one at the apex level. The courts that most people
interact with are called subordinate or district courts.
• These are usually at the district or tehsil level or in towns and they hear many kinds of cases.
• Each state is divided into districts that are presided over by the district judge.
• Each state has a high court which is the highest court of the state.
• At the top is the Supreme court that is located in New Delhi and is presided over by the chief justice of
India.
• The decision made by the Supreme court are binding on all courts.
Q28.
(a) The building in the picture is the Supreme Court of India. It is located in Delhi.
(b) The judicial institute that works from this building is the Supreme Court of India. The Supreme Court is the
apex court of the Indian judiciary i.e., at the top of judicial system.
(c) The Supreme Court is the interpreter of the Constitution and its decision is final. It has the power to review
laws passed by the Union or State legislatures. It can declare a law 'ultra vires' or null and void, if it is against
the spirit of the Constitution. This power is referred to as the power of judicial review.
Q29.Supreme Court acts as a guardian of fundamental rights as it ensures that people are able to practice their
rights in the required manner. Every citizen of India can approach the Supreme Court or the High Court if they
believe that their Fundamental Rights have been violated.
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• One of the aspect of this independence is the separation of power which is the key feature of the
constitution and this means that other branches of the state like legislature and the executive cannot
interfere in the work of judiciary.
• The courts are not under the under the government or do not act on their behalf.
• The judges are also appointed by the little interference of the government.
• Supreme Court acts as a guardian of fundamental rights as it ensures that people are able to practice their rights in
the required manner. Every citizen of India can approach the Supreme Court or the High Court if they believe that
their Fundamental Rights have been violated.
SPARQ 2023

Grade: VIII
A Note to Students
Dear Students,
(SPARQ).
What is SPARQ?
How to use SPARQ?
journey.
~ Principal
SPARQ 2023
GRADES: 6 - 9 & 11

ly in doing a task)
Problem Solving
creatively)

SPARQ 2023
Topic – UI -5
History – Civilizing the "Native", Educating the Nation
A Women, Caste and Reforms
Learning Outcome to be Assessed: The students will be able to understand the conflicting
views of the British officials about promoting oriental education in India
Q.1- The ideas of William Jones were supported by

a. James Mill
b. Thomas Macaulay
c. Charles Wood
d. Henry Thomas Colebrooke
Q.2- A madrasa was set up in Calcutta in 1781 to promote the study of

a. Urdu
b. Arabic
c. ancient history of India
d. English
Learning Outcome to be Assessed: The students will be able to understand views of

Mahatma Gandhi and Rabindranath Tagore on education
Q.3 Identify the person Who said these lines “Education means all round drawing out of the best in child and man-
body, mind and spirit”.
a. Rabindranath Tagore
b. Mahatma Gandhi
c. Swami Dayanand Saraswati
d. None of these
Q.4 The person who was appointed by the British to make a report on the progress of Education in vernacular
schools.
a. Charles Wood
b. Macaulay
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c. William Adam
d. Robert Clive
Q.5 _____________ first started setting up schools exclusively for girls’ education.
a. Christian missionaries
b. Indian Pandits
c. Company
d. Local government
Learning Outcome to be Assessed: The students will be able to outline the history of consent. new
laws that affect women’s lives.
Q.6 Followers of Brahmo Samaj started another one in Bombay in 1867. Name this Samaj that fought against
social customs like child marriage and remarriage for widows.
a. Ramakrishna Mission
b. Theosophical Society
c. Prarthana Samaj
d. Arya Samaj
Q.7 Name the important women personality who wrote and published a book Stripurushtulna, criticising the social
differences between men and women
a. Sarojini Naidu
b. Mumtaz Ali
c. Tarabai Shinde
d. Rama Bai Ranade
Q.8 The practise of Sati was banned in the year

a. 1829
b. 1845
c. 1833
d. 1822
Q.9 Name the founder of Arya Samaj in India.

a. Swami Dayanand Saraswati
b. Raja Ram Mohan Roy
c. B. Chattopadhyaya
d. Justice Ranande
Q. 10 The child Marriage Restraint Act was passed in the year

a. 1829
b.1900
c. 1947
d. 1929
Very Short Answers

Q.1. Name the two Indian who reacted against Western education.
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Q.2 Name the places where universities were first established by the company in India?
Q.3 Name the Scottish missionary who toured the districts of Bengal and Bihar in the 1830s.
Q.4 Name the social reformer who worked for the upliftment of women in Maharashtra?
Q. 5 Under which Governor General did Raja Ram Mohan Roy take the initiative to ban Sati?
Q.6 Identify the most relevant reason for the formation of division in Indian society?
SPARQ 2023
Q1 State the reasons why classes were not held during harvest time in pathshala system?
Q.2 Analyse the view of Mahatma Gandhi on literacy?
Q.3 Write a brief note on Wood’s Despatch?
Q.4 State the reason why East India Company opposed to missionary activities in India?
Q.5 Assess the reason for setting up a widow’s home at Poona.
Q.6 Name the social ideas associated with the following people:
a. Ram Mohan Roy
b. Dayanand Saraswati
Q.7 Give two reasons why people were not sending girls to school.
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.
Q.1“Hastings and other Orientalists needed Indian scholars to teach them the “vernacular” languages.”
What do you mean by the term “Vernacular”? Why did the British use this term in colonial countries like
India?
Q.2 “ The knowledge of ancient texts helps the reformers promote new laws”. Do you agree with the above
statement? State any three points in support of your answer.
Q.3 “English education has enslaved us”. Justify the above statement with reference to the Indian
reformers.
Q.4 “Christian missionaries attacked by many people in the country. However, some people have supported
them too”. Mention the reasons for supporting them?
Q.5 “Jyotirao Phule extended his criticism of the caste system to argue against all forms of inequality”.
Justify the statement.
Q.6 ‘Movements were organized by people from within the lower castes against caste discrimination’.
Explain the above statement with reference to the non-brahmin movement.
Q.7 Read the extract and answer the questions that follow-
Differences between men and women were not the only ones in society. In most regions, people were divided
along lines of caste. Brahmans and Kshatriyas considered themselves as “upper castes”. Others, such as traders
and moneylenders (often referred to as Vaishyas) were placed after them. Then came peasants, and artisans such
as weavers and potters (referred to as Shudras). At the lowest rung were those who labored to keep cities and
villages clean or worked at jobs that upper castes considered “polluting”, that is, it could lead to the loss of caste
status. The upper castes also treated many of these groups at the bottom as “untouchable”. They were not allowed
to enter temples, draw water from the wells used by the upper castes, or bathe in ponds where upper castes
bathed. They were seen as inferior human beings.
a. In most regions, people were divided along lines of caste. True/False?

b. Name the people who considered themselves as the “upper castes”?
c. Identify Shudras?
Q.8 Mention the steps Raja Ram Mohan Roy take to eradicate sati?
SPARQ 2023
Answer Key (UI-5)

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
Q.1 d. Henry Thomas Colebrooke
Q.2 b. Arabic
Q.3 b. Mahatma Gandhi
Q.4 c. William Adam
Q.5 a. Christian missionaries
Q.6 c. Prarthana Samaj
Q.7 c. Tarabai Shinde
Q.8 a. 1829
Q.9 a. Swami Dayanand Saraswati
Q.10 d. 1929
VERY SHORT ANSWERS

Ans.1 Mahatma Gandhi and Rabindranath Tagore
Ans.2 Calcutta, Madras and Bombay
Ans.3 In the 1830s, William Adam, a Scottish missionary, toured the districts of Bengal and Bihar.
Ans. 4 Jyotirao Phule

Ans. 5 William Bentick
Ans. 6 The Caste system.
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

Ans. 1
• The reason why the Classes were not held during harvest time in pathshala system was because rural
children had to work in the fields during harvest time and support their family.
• The schools were closed during the time of harvestings and were open once the crops had been cut and
stored.
Ans.2 According to Mahatma Gandhi literacy is not the end of education nor even the beginning. It is only one of
the means whereby man and woman can be educated. Literacy in itself is not education.
SPARQ 2023
Ans.3 In 1854, the Court of Directors of the East India Company in London sent an educational despatch to the
Governor-General in India. Issued by Charles Wood, the President of the Board of Control of the Company, it has
come to be known as Wood’s Despatch.
Ans.4 Until 1813, the East India Company was opposed to missionary activities in India. It feared that missionary
activities would provoke reaction amongst the local population and make them suspicious of British presence in
India.
Ans.5 Pandita Ramabai founded a widows’ home at Poona to provide shelter to widows who had been treated
badly by their husbands’ relatives. Here women were trained so that they could support themselves economically.
Ans.6
• Spread of education among women.
• Widow remarriage.
Ans.7 The reasons are as follows:
• They feared that schools would take girls away from home.
• They would prevent them from doing their domestic duties.

Ans .1 Vernacular is a term generally used to refer to a local language or dialect as distinct from what is seen as
the standard language. In colonial countries like India, the British used the term to mark the difference between the
local languages of everyday use and English – the language of the imperial masters.
Ans .2 Yes, I agree with the above statement.

• The reformers tried to convince people that widow burning, caste distinctions, child marriage, etc. had no
sanction in ancient texts.
• Their knowledge of ancient texts gave them immense confidence and moral support which they utilized in
promoting new laws.
• They did not get feared when people raised voice against the reforms they had brought.
Ans.3
• There were many Indians, who reacted against Western education.
• Mahatma Gandhi and Rabindranath Tagore were two such individuals.
• Mahatma Gandhi argued that colonial education created a sense of inferiority in the minds of Indians. It
made them see Western civilisation as superior, and destroyed the pride they had in their own culture.
According to Tagore, the existing schools killed the natural desire of the child to be creative, her sense of wonder.
Tagore was of the view that creative learning could be encouraged only within a natural environment.
Ans.4 –The reason for supporting the Christian missionaries is as follows:

• Christian Missionaries were attacked in the country by many people.
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• Because they suspected that they were involved in forced conversion and conversion using money power
of poor and tribal people from Hinduism to Christianity.
• If some people supported them, that was because they felt this might improve the economic condition.
• They had also provided education to the poor and tribals.
Ans.5 Jyotirao Phule, born in 1827, was the most vocal amongst the “Low caste” leaders. He attacked the
Brahmans’ claim of their superiority to others. He argued the Aryans were foreigners, who came from outside the
subcontinent. They defeated and subjugated the true children of the country and looked at the defeated population
as inferior. According to Phule, the “upper” castes had no right to their land and power. In reality, the land
belonged to the so-called low castes. Phule opined that there existed a golden age when warrior-peasants tilled the
land and ruled the Maratha countryside in just and fairways. He proposed that the Shudras (labouring castes) and
Ati Shudras (untouchables) should unite to challenge caste discrimination. The Satyashodhak Samaj association
founded by Phule propagated caste equality.
Ans.6
• Gradually, by the second half of the nineteenth century, people from within the Non-Brahman castes began
organising movements against caste discrimination, and demanded social equality and justice.
• The Satnami movement in Central India was founded by Ghasidas who worked among the leatherworkers
and organised a movement to improve their social status.
• In eastern Bengal, Haridas Thakur’s Matua sect worked among Chandala cultivators. Haridas questioned
Brahmanical texts that supported the caste system.
• In what is present-day Kerala, a guru from Ezhava caste, Shri Narayana Guru, proclaimed the ideals of
unity for his people.
• He argued against treating people unequally on the basis of caste differences
Ans. 7
Ans. a True, in most regions, people were divided along lines of caste.
Ans.b Brahmans and Kshatriyas considered themselves as “upper castes”.
Ans.c Peasants, and artisans such as weavers and potters were referred to as Shudras.
Ans.8 Rammohun Roy was particularly moved by the problems widows faced in their lives. He began a campaign
against the practice of sati. Rammohun Roy was well versed in Sanskrit, Persian and several other Indian and
European languages. He tried to show through his writings that the practice of widow burning had no sanction in
ancient texts. By the early nineteenth century, many British officials had also begun to criticise Indian traditions
and customs. They were therefore more than willing to listen to Rammohun who was reputed to be a learned man.
In 1829, sati was banned.
SPARQ 2023
:
SPARQ 2023
SPARQ 2023
STUDENT PRACTICE AND REVISION QUESTIONS First Edition: December, 2023

Grade: VIII
A Note to Students
Dear Students,
(SPARQ).
What is SPARQ?
How to use SPARQ?
journey.
~ Principal
SPARQ 2023
assessment are not just the two sides of a coin, but are the integral component of achieving desired
performance. With an aim to prepare you well for examination, we are introducing Student Practice and
Revision Questions (SPARQ).
What is SPARQ?
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How to use SPARQ?

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~Principal
SPARQ 2023
GRADES: 6 - 9 & 11

ly in doing a task)
Problem Solving
creatively)

Topic – UI -6
History – When People Rebel 1857 and After
The Making of the National Movement: 1870s--1947
SPARQ 2023
Learning Outcome to be Assessed: The students will be assessed on the events occurred
during the British rule in India.
Q.1 The last territories to be annexed. In 1801 under subsidiary alliance

a. Bareilly
b. Kanpur
c. Awadh
d. Meerut
Q.2- A sequence of events that happened on 9 May 1857 are given below in a jumbled-up order. Pick up
the correct order from the given set of statements.
(i)Other soldiers stationed at Meerut revolted and British officers release the imprisoned soldiers.
(ii) A group of soldiers mutinied and walked out of their military barracks
(iii) The released soldiers kill the British officers and after marching to Delhi proclaim the Mughal
emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar as the emperor of India
(iv) The soldiers were dismissed and sentenced to 10 years imprisonment for refusing to use the greased
cartridges
a. (ii), (iv),(iii),(i)
b. (i),(ii), (iv),(iii)
c. (iii), (iv),(i),(iii)
d. (ii), (iv),(i),(iii)
Q.3 Which of the following statements are true?
1. In 1856, Governor-General Canning decided that Bahadur Shah Zafar would be the last Mughal king.
2. The Indian sepoys were unhappy about their pay, allowances and conditions of service.
3. The British could not repress the revolt and called the rebels for negotiations.
4. After the Revolt of 1857, the Governor-General of India was given the title of Admiral-General.
a. 1,2and 3
b. 1 and 2
c. 2 and 3
d. 1,2,3 and 4
Q.4 In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both statements
carefully and choose the correct answer from the below:
Assertion (A): The British tried their best to win back the loyalty of the people.
Reason(R): They announced rewards for loyal landlords, they would be allowed to continue to enjoy traditional
rights over their lands
a. Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and R is the Correct Explanation of A
b. A is true R is False
c. Both A and R is true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
d. A is false R is True
Q.5 What was the new amendment in the law in 1856 passed by the East India Company?
a. Every new person who took up employment in the Company’s army had to agree to serve overseas if required.
SPARQ 2023
b. Every new person who took up employment in the Company’s army will be paid only a low salary
c. Every new person who took up employment in the Company’s army had to collect the revenues set by the
British.
d. Every new person who took up employment in the Company’s army had to pay a tax.
Learning Outcome to be Assessed: The students will be able to assessed on National movements
for the struggle for the independence.
Q.6 Gandhiji called of Non-Cooperation movement because of violence in ____.

a. Kheda
b. Chauri Chaura
c. Bithur
d. Ahmedabad
Q.7 In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both statements
carefully and choose the correct answer from the below:
Assertion (A)- In 1883, there was a furore over the attempt by the government to introduce the Ilbert Bill
Reason(R)- The bill provided for the trial of British or European persons by Indians, and sought equality between British
and Indian judges in the country.
Q.8. ________act was passed in 1878.
a. Indian Contract Act

b. Indian Education Act.
c. Sati Act
d. Vernacular Press Act
Q.9 “Independence Day” was observed on 26 January 1930 all over the country under the presidentship __________.
a. Subhash Chandra Bose
b. Lala Lajpat Rai
c. Jawaharlal Nehru
d. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Q.10. ______ was Viceroy of India when partition of Bengal was announced.
a. Lord Clive
b. Lord Curzon
c. Lord Minto
d. Lord Hastings
Very Short Answers

Q.1 On what basis was Awadh merged into the British Empire?
SPARQ 2023
Q.2 Give the reason why the powers of the East India Company transferred to the British Crown?
Q.3 Name the leaders of the Khilafat agitation?
Q.4 Name the any two members of the Radical group
Q.5. Mention any one reason why Rabindranath give up the title of knighthood.
SPARQ 2023
Q1 Mention the immediate cause of the Sepoy mutiny?
Q2. State the reason for sending Simon commission to India? Give reason why it was Indian boycotted by
Indians?
Q.3. State any one reason why Gandhiji choose to break the salt law?
Q.4. Explain the efforts were made by the British to win back the loyalty of the people.
Q.5 Mention the reforms introduced by the British?
Q.6. On what term were the congress leaders ready to support the British war effort at the time of Second World
War? Did British accept their demand?
SPARQ 2023
Q.1 Why did the League ask for an autonomous arrangement for the Muslims of the Indian sub-continent
Q.2 Explain why the Indian sepoys unhappy with the British rule.
Q.3 Give reason why chiefs and rulers support the Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar in the revolt?
Q.4 Explain the reaction of people on partition of Bengal?
Q.5 Describe people participation in non-cooperation movement during 1921-22.
Q.6. ‘Acceptance of Bahadur Shah Zafar to become the leader of the rebels in 1857 had great implications.’
Discuss
.
Q.7 Explain why Rowlatt Act was criticised as “devilish” and tyrannical.
Q.8 Describe Gandhi march to Dandi
ANSWER KEY
Q.1 c Awadh
Q.2 d. (ii), (iv),(i),(iii
Q.3 c. 1 and 2
Q.4 a. Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and R is the Correct Explanation of A
Q.5 a. Every new person who took up employment in the Company’s army had to agree to serve overseas if
required
Q.6 b. Chauri Chaura
Q.7 c. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Q.8 d. Vernacular Press Act
Q.9 c. Jawaharlal Nehru
Q.10 c. Lord Curzon
VERY SHORT ANSWERS:

Ans.1. General Dalhousie declared that the territory was being misgoverned and British rule was needed to ensure
proper administration
Ans.2 The powers of the East India Company were transferred to the British Crown in order to ensure a more
responsible management of Indian affairs
Ans.3 The leaders of the Khilafat agitation were Mohammad Ali and Shaukat Ali.
Ans.4 Bepin Chandra Pal, Balgangadhar Tilak and Lala Lajpat Rai.
Ans.5 Rabindranath Tagore had renounced the British knighthood in protest against the Jallianwala Bagh massacre of 1919
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:

Ans.1
• . Use of greased cartridges in the army was the immediate cause
SPARQ 2023
• They were coated with the fat of pig and cow and offended the religious sensibilities of the sepoys
Ans.2
• In 1927 the British government in England decided to send a commission headed by Lord Simon to decide
India’s political future.
• The Commission had no Indian representative. The decison created an outrage in India.
• All political groups decided to boycott the Commission. When the Commission arrived it was met with
demonstrations with banners saying “Simon Go Back”.
Ans.3
• According to salt law, the state had a monopoly on the manufacture and sale of salt.
• Mahatma Gandhi thought it was sinful to tax salt since it was such an essential item of our food.
Ans.4
• The British tried their best to win back the loyalty of the people.
• They announced rewards for the loyal landlords who would be allowed to continue to enjoy traditional
rights over their lands.
• Those who had rebelled were told that they submitted to the British, and if they had not killed any white
people, they would remain safe and their rights and claims to land would not be denied.
Ans.5
• Laws were passed to stop the practice of sati and to encourage the remarriage of widows.
• English-language education was actively promoted.
• After 1830, the Company allowed Christian missionaries to function freely in its domain and even own
land and property.
Ans. 6
• Congress leaders were ready to support the British war effort. But in return they wanted that India
be granted independence after the war.
• The British refused to concede the demand.
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS:

Ans 1
• The League began to think that Muslims were a minority and they would always have to pay second
fiddle in any democratic structure in post-British India.
• The League began to think that with independence they could have better relations with Turkey.
• The League began to think that Muslims were a majority and would play a dominant role in post-
British India.
• The League began to think that the descendants of Moghuls should rule post-British India.
Ans 2.
• They were unhappy about their pay, allowances and conditions of service.
• Some of the new rules violated their religious sensibilities and beliefs. Those were the days many people
in the country believed that if they crossed the sea they would lose their religion and caste. So when in
SPARQ 2023
1824 the sepoys were told to go to Burma by the sea route to fight for the Company, they refused to follow
the order, though they agreed to go by the land route.
• They were severely punished, and since the issue did not die down, in 1856 the Company passed a new law
which stated that every new person who took up employment in the Company’s army had to agree to serve
overseas if required
Ans 3
• The Mughal dynasty had ruled over a very large part of the country.
• Most smaller rulers and chieftains controlled different territories on behalf of the Mughal ruler.
• Threatened by the expansion of British rule, many of them felt that if the Mughal emperor could rule again,
they too would be able to rule their own territories once more, under Mughal authority.
Ans 4
• The partition of Bengal infuriated people all over India.
• All sections of the Congress – the Moderates and the Radicals, as they may be called – opposed it.
• Large public meetings and demonstrations were organised.
• Novel methods of mass protest developed. The struggle that unfolded came to be known as the Swadeshi
movement
• Vande Mataram movement
Q.5 Describe people participation in non-cooperation movement during 1921-22.

Ans 5
The Non-Cooperation Movement gained momentum through 1921-22.
• Thousands of students left government tcontrolled schools and colleges.
• Many lawyers such as Motilal Nehru, C.R. Das, C. Rajagopalachari and Asaf Ali gave up their practices.
• British titles were surrendered and legislatures boycotted. People lit public bonfires of foreign cloth.
• The imports of foreign cloth fell drastically between 1920 and 1922. But all this was merely the tip of the
iceberg.
• Large parts of the country were on the brink of a formidable revolt
Ans 6
• The Mughal dynasty had ruled over a very large part of the country. Most smaller rulers and chieftains
controlled different territories on behalf of the Mughal ruler.
• Threatened by the expansion of British rule, many of them felt that if the Mughal emperor could rule again,
they too would be able to rule their own territories once more, under Mughal authority.
• The British had not expected this to happen. They thought the disturbance caused by the issue of the
cartridges would die down.
• But Bahadur Shah Zafar’s decision to bless the rebellion changed the entire situation dramatically.
• It gave rebels the courage, hope and confidence to act
Ans 7
• The Act curbed fundamental rights such as the freedom of expression and strengthened police powers.
• Mahatma Gandhi, Mohammad Ali Jinnah and others felt that the government had no right to restrict people’s basic
freedoms.
• They criticised the Act as “devilish” and tyrannical
Ans 8
SPARQ 2023
• Gandhiji declared that he would lead a march to break the salt law.
• According to this law, the state had a monopoly on the manufacture and sale of salt.
• Gandhiji and his followers marched for over 240 miles from Sabarmati to the coastal town of Dandi
where they broke the government law by gathering natural salt found on the seashore, and boiling sea
water to produce salt.
• Peasants, tribals and women participated in large numbers. A business federation published a pamphlet
on the salt issue.
• The government tried to crush the movement through brutal action against peaceful satyagrahis.
Thousands were sent to jail.
SPARQ 2023
SPARQ 2023

Grade: VIII
Dear Students,
A Note to Students
Dear Students,
(SPARQ).
What is SPARQ?
success.
How to use SPARQ?
learning journey.
~ Principal
SPARQ 2023
SPARQ 2023
GRADES: 6 - 9 & 11

ly in doing a task)
Problem Solving
creatively)

SPARQ 2023
Topic: Public Facilities and Law and
Social Justice

MCQ Exemplar #01:Social Science
Assessment Objective: Students will be assessed on identifying the reasons as to why foreign
companies set up plants in countries like India
Read the following questions and choose your answer from the correct options.
Q1. Identify Why do foreign companies, including Union Carbide, set up plants in countries like India?
(a) To increase production costs
(b) To provide higher wages to workers
(c) To reduce working hours
(d) To take advantage of cheaper labor and save costs
MCQ Exemplar #02: Social Science

Assessment Objective: Students will be assessed on recalling the full form of U.C.
State the full form of U.C.
(a) Union Carbide
(b) Uniform Carbon
(c) Union Carbonade
(d) Universal Carbide
MCQ Exemplar #03:Social Science

Assessment Objective: Students will be assessed on the learning outcomes of listing the
public facilities provided by the Government.
Identify any one reason that attracts foreign companies to set up their factories in India.
(a) Costly labour
(b) Favourable climate
(c) Cheap Labour
(d) Huge production
SAQ Exemplars: Social Science

Assessment Objective- Students will be assessed on the learning outcomes of recalling meaning of the terms
producer and basic needs.
Q1. A person or organisation that produces goods for sale in the market is known as __________________.
Q2. A __________is a form of business set up by people or by the government.
Students will be assessed on the learning outcomes of stating the source from where Government get the
money to provide public facilities.
Q3. Mention the source from where Government gets the money to provide public facilities.
SPARQ 2023
Topic- Public Facilities and Law and Social Justice
Cognitive Domain: Skills and Competencies
Assessment Objective: Students will be assessed on the learning outcomes of understanding the reason behind
availability of water in Anna Nagar throughout the day.
Q1. There are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Mark correct answer as per the options provided
below.
Assertion: Bungalows in Anna Nagar have tap water for a major part of the day.
Reason: On days when the water supply is adequate, Mr. Ramagopal speaks to a senior official in the municipal water
board, and a water tanker is easily arranged for his house.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

(b) A is true but R is false.
(c) Both A and R are true, and R is not the correct explanation of A
(d) A is false but R is true.

Assessment Objective: Students will be assessed on the learning outcomes of recalling the act passed in 1984
that was a landmark in the labour history of India.
Q2. Identify the act passed in 1984 that was a landmark in the labour history of India.
(a) Fair Labor Standards Act
(b) National Minimum Wage Act
(c) Minimum Wages Act
(d) Employment Standards Act

Assessment Objective: Students will be assessed on understanding the vulnerable relations of workers with their
employers
Q3. There are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Mark correct answer as per the options provided
below.
Assertion: The fear of losing future earnings or facing reprisals does not force poor or powerless workers to accept low
wages.
Reason: When workers are poor or powerless, employers often exploit their vulnerability by paying them less than the fair
wage, knowing that the fear of repercussions may force workers to accept these lower wages.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
(b)A is true but R is false.
(c)Both A and R are true, and R is not the correct explanation of A
(d)A is false but R is true.
SPARQ 2023
Topic: Public Facilities and Law and Social Justice
SAQ Exemplar #01: Social Science
Assessment Objective: Students will be assessed on the learning outcomes of describing the
importance of water
Q1. Describe the importance of access to water in our lives.
Water is essential for life and for good health. Not only is it necessary for us to be able to meet our daily needs but
safe drinking water can prevent many water related diseases.
The constitution of India recognizes the right to water as being a part of the right to life under Article 21.
This means that it is the right to every person, whether rich or poor, to have sufficient amounts of water to fulfill
his/her daily needs at a price that he/she can afford.
Both the High court and the Supreme Court have held that the right to safe drinking water is a fundamental right.

Assessment Objective: Students will be assessed on the analyzation of discrimination of people on
the ground of providing water to people.
Q2. ‘The burden of shortfalls in water supply falls mostly on the poor’. Comment
Assessment Objective: Students will be assessed on interpreting the features of Fundamental

Rights
Q3. Interpret any one feature of the fundamental right- Right to Life
Assessment Objective: Students will be assessed on analyzing the importance of enforcing law in
society.
Q4. Identify reason why laws are required to be made regarding workplace and environment.
.
Assessment Objective: Students will be assessed on analyzing the importance of enforcing law in
society
Q5. ‘Laws are necessary in many situations, whether this be the market, office, or factory to protect people from unfair
practices’. Comment
SPARQ 2023
Topic: Public Facilities and Law and Social Justice
LAQ Exemplar #01: Social Science
Assessment Objective: : Students will be assessed on understanding of the financing mechanism used
by Sulabh for the maintenance costs of sanitation facilities.
Q1. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow.
Besides safe drinking water, sanitation is a must in prevention of water-borne diseases.
However, the sanitation coverage in India is even lower than that of water. Official figures
for 2011 show that 87 percent of the households in India have access to drinking water
and about 53 percent have access to sanitation (toilet facilities within the premises of
residence). Once again, it is the poor both in the rural and urban areas who lack access to
sanitation. Sulabh, a non-government organization, has been working for nearly five decades to address the problems of
sanitation facing low-caste, low-income people in India. It has constructed more than 8,500 community toilet blocks and 1.5
million household toilets, giving access to sanitation to 20 million people. The majority of the users of Sulabh facilities are
from the poor working class. Sulabh enters into contracts with municipalities or other local authorities to construct toilet
blocks with government funds. Local authorities provide land and funds for setting up the services, whereas maintenance
costs are sometimes financed through user charges.
Identify the percentage of households in India had access to sanitation, according to official figures in 2011?
A. 53%
B. 87%
C. 20 million people
D. 8,500 community toilet blocks
Name the organization that has been working for nearly five decades to address sanitation problems in India, especially for
low-caste and low-income people?
A. WHO (World Health Organization)
B. UNICEF (United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund)
C. Sulabh
D. Greenpeace
State how does Sulabh, the non-government organization, typically finance the maintenance costs of the sanitation facilities
it constructs?
A. Through government funds
B. Through user charges
C. Through international donations
D. Through corporate sponsorships
Explain the role of Sulabh in addressing sanitation issues in India, and how it collaborates with municipalities or local
authorities. (Two marks)
Assessment Objective: Students will be assessed on explaining the significance of public facilities in relation to
basic needs.
Q2. Explain the significance of public facilities in relation to basic needs and how the Indian Constitution recognizes them
as part of the Right to Life..
Public facilities, including access to water, health, and education, are integral to fulfilling basic human needs. The Indian
Constitution recognizes these facilities as fundamental rights under the Right to Life, acknowledging that citizens have the
right to a dignified and healthy life. These facilities contribute to the overall well-being and development of individuals,
ensuring a standard of living that is essential for human dignity.
SPARQ 2023
Assessment Objective: Students will be assessed on evaluating the role of technology in improving water
availability, efficiency, and sustainability.
Q3. Do you think the government should be the only one responsible for public facilities? Explain why or why not in simple
terms.
Assessment Objective: Students will be assessed on explaining the role of Government in making laws.
Q4. Explain what the government does when it comes to making laws.
Answer Key
MCQ Exemplar
1. To take advantage of cheaper labor and save costs
2. Union Carbide
3. Cheap Labour
Short Answer Questions
1. Producer
2. Company
3. Taxes collected from the people.
MCQ Exemplar
1. (b) A is true but R is false.
2. (c) Minimum Wages Act
3. (d)A is false but R is true.
Short Answer Questions
1. Water is essential for life and for good health. Not only is it necessary for us to be able to meet our daily needs but
safe drinking water can prevent many water related diseases.
o The constitution of India recognizes the right to water as being a part of the right to life under Article 21.
o This means that it is the right to every person, whether rich or poor, to have enough water to fulfill his/her daily
needs at a price that he/she can afford.
o Both the High court and the Supreme Court have held that the right to safe drinking water is a fundamental right.
2. The middle class, when faced with water shortages, can cope through a variety of private means such as digging
borewells, buying water from tankers and using bottled water for drinking.
3. The constitution of India recognizes the right to water as being a part of the right to life under Article 21.
• This means that it is the right of every person whether rich or poor to have sufficient amount of water to fulfil his/her
daily needs at a price that he/she can afford.
• Water is essential for life and for good health. That is why there should be universal access to water.
4. To ensure that every worker gets fair wages.

• So that the rights of any worker are not violated.
• So that the poor and powerless are not forced to accept unfair demands of the employee.
• So that the interests of the weak are protected from the strong
5. Laws are necessary in many situations, whether this be the market, office, or factory to protect people from unfair
practices. Private companies, contractors, businesspersons, to make higher profits, resort to unfair practices such as
paying workers low wages, employing children for work, ignoring the conditions of work, ignoring the damage.
Long Answer Questions

1. Case based Study Question
a) 87%
SPARQ 2023
b) Sulabh
c) Through government funds
d) Sulabh, a non-government organization, has been working for nearly five decades to address the problems of
sanitation facing low-caste, low-income people in India. It has constructed more than 8,500 community toilet blocks and 1.5
million household toilets, giving access to sanitation to 20 million people. The majority of the users of Sulabh facilities are
from the poor working class. Sulabh enters into contracts with municipalities or other local authorities to construct toilet
blocks with government funds. Local authorities provide land and funds for setting up the services, whereas maintenance
costs are sometimes financed through user charges.
2. Public facilities, including access to water, health, and education, are integral to fulfilling basic human needs. The
Indian Constitution recognizes these facilities as fundamental rights under the Right to Life, acknowledging that citizens
have the right to a dignified and healthy life. These facilities contribute to the overall well-being and development of
individuals, ensuring a standard of living that is essential for human dignity.
3. One of the most important functions of the government is to ensure that these public facilities are made available to
everyone.
• The government needs to play an active role in providing adequate access to proper health facilities for the entire
population. This includes the eradication of preventable diseases like polio.
• Public facilities relate to people’s basic needs. Any modern society requires that these facilities are provided so that
people’s basic needs are met.
• The Right to Life that the constitution guarantees is for all person’s living in this country. The responsibility is to provide
public facilities, therefore, must be that of the government.
4. To ensure that every worker gets fair wages, the government has to regularly inspect work sites and punish
those who violate the law.
Through making, enforcing and upholding these laws, the government can control the activities of individuals or
private companies so as to ensure social justice.
Many of these laws have their basis in the fundamental rights guaranteed by the Indian constitution.
SPARQ 2023

Grade: 8
A Note to Students
Dear Students,
(SPARQ).
What is SPARQ?
How to use SPARQ?
journey.
~ Principal
SPARQ 2023
SPARQ 2023
GRADES: 6 - 9 & 11

ly in doing a task)
Problem Solving
creatively)

SPARQ 2023
Learning Outcome to be Assessed: You will be able to explain the different types and
importance of industries.
Q1. ____ is an example of a primary industry.
(a) Mining
(b) Manufacturing
(c) Agriculture
(d) Trade
Q2. ______ is an example of a tertiary industry.

(a) Mining
(b) Manufacturing
(c) Agriculture
(d) Trade
Q3. _________ is the main characteristic of a secondary industry.

(a) It deals with the extraction of raw materials from the natural environment.
(b) It deals with the processing of raw materials into finished goods.
(c) It deals with the distribution of goods and services.
(d) It deals with the consumption of goods and services.
Q4. ______ is an example of a large-scale industry.

(a) A small workshop that produces handmade furniture
(b) A large factory that produces cars
(c) A large farm that produces wheat
(d) A small shop that sells groceries
Q5. _______ is the main characteristic of a tertiary industry.

Q5. Argo-based industry can be described as _____ .

(a) Industries depending on ores like Cement, iron and steel etc.
(b) Industries that depend upon the primary products from forests for their raw materials
(c) Industries depending on agricultural products ie plant and animal products
(d) Industries that use products from the sea and oceans as raw materials
Q6. Major ______ regions tend to be in the temperate areas, near seaports and especially near coal fields.
Industrial
SPARQ 2023
Q7. ______ is an example of a cottage industry.

(a) A large factory that produces cars
(b) A small workshop that produces handmade furniture
(c) A large farm that produces wheat
(d) A small shop that sells groceries
Q8. The main characteristic of a primary industry:

Q9. Correct the word written in bold and rewrite the statement.
Rivers Kharkai and Subarnarekha ensured sufficient water supply in the areas of Ghaziabad.
Sakchi
Q10. Changes of raw materials into products of more value to people is called ______ .
(a) Manufacturing
(b) Resources
(c) Population
(d) Tertiary
Q11. State whether the statement is true or false.

(a) Leather industry is an agro-based industry. True
(b) Small scale industries use lesser amount of capital and technology as compared to large
scale industries. True
(c) Maruti Udyog Limited is an example of co-operative sector industry. False
(d) Alloys give steel, unusual hardness, toughness, or ability to resist rust. True
SPARQ 2023
Assessment Objective: You will be assessed on the learning outcomes of Industries.
SAQ Exemplar: Social Science
Q1. Define Secondary industries. Give examples.

Answer: Secondary industries are those that use raw materials to make products. Examples include
manufacturing, construction, and processing.
.
Q2. An Indian city is known as the Manchester of India. Which is that and why?
Ahemdabad. It became the largest textile industry of India.
Q3. Assertion: Steel is often called the backbone of modern industry.

Reason: Almost everything we use is either made of iron or steel or has been made with tools and
machinery of these metals.
(a) Both assertion and reason are true, and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) Both assertion and reason are true, but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) Assertion is true, but reason is false.
(d) Both assertion and reason are false.
LAQ Exemplar: So. Sc.
Assessment Objective: You will be assessed on their critical thinking skill about Industries.
1. Describe the process of manufacturing paper.

• Paper starts its life as part of a tree.
• It is cut down and transported to the pulp mill.
• The wood of the tree is processed and converted into wood pulp.
• The wood pulp is mixed with chemicals and finally changed into paper by machines.
2. Analyze the factors affecting the location of the industry.
SPARQ 2023
3. Classify industries based on ownership.

• Private sector industries are owned and operated by individuals or a group of individuals. For
example, ABC Pvt. Ltd.
• Public sector industries are owned and operated by the government, such as Hindustan
Aeronautics Limited.
• Joint sector industries are owned and operated by the state and individuals or a group of
individuals. Maruti Udyog Limited is an example of Joint sector industry.
• Co-operative sector industries are owned and operated by the producers or suppliers of raw
materials, workers, or both. Anand Milk Union Limited and Sudha Dairy is an example of a Co-
operative venture.
SPARQ 2023

8 SocialScience SPARQ

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First Edition: December, 2023

STUDENT PRACTICE AND REVISION QUESTIONS

DSPGS Faculty & Team CAD

Subject: Social Science…………………………….

How SPARQ will benefit you?

How to use SPARQ?

Wish you happy practising!

Blueprint of Questions Types

Skills & Competencies MCQs upto 5 - 6 questions

Cognitive Domains (CD 2020) Weightages (CD 2020)

Q.2- Name the last Viceroy of India?

Q.4 The National Archives of India came up in the ______

Q.8 Complete the statement. Non-renewable resources are

Q.9 Which one of the following is considered as the ultimate resource?

Q.10 Complete the statement:

Very Short Answers

Short answer questions:

Q.3. As human beings, how can we ensure sustainable development?

Q.7 Mention the cause and consequences of the Battle of Plassey.

Q.4 Describe the ways to classify the resources.

(source -NCERT page 48)

(a) When does the population increase?

VERY SHORT ANSWERS:

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:

Ans.3 As humans, it is our duty to practice sustainable development.

We can do this by ensuring that:

(a) The usage of renewable resources is sustainable.

(b) The diversity of life on earth is maintained.

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS:

• all uses of renewable resources are sustainable.

Subject: Social Science

How SPARQ will benefit you?

How to use SPARQ?

Wish you happy practising!

Skills & Competencies MCQs upto 5 - 6 questions

Cognitive Domains (CD 2020) Weightages (CD 2020)

MCQ Exemplars: The Indian Constitution

Q17. _____ soil used for Cotton cultivation.

Q1. Define Common Property Resources.

Q2. State the meaning of Weathering.

Q3. Distinguish between Biosphere and Ecosystem.

Q4. Discuss the process of Rain Water Harvesting.

Q6. List out the five important uses of land.

Q8. State one of the main causes of Landslides.

Q9. Define land use.

1. List the three organs of the state.

Q1. Explain four important factors of soil formation.

Q5. “forests useful to man”. Justify the statement

Q6. Mention the factors responsible for depletion of forests.

Q8. Define landslides? State the causes of landslides.

Q9. Describe four ways of conserving soil.

Q13. Land is an important gift of nature. Justify this statement.

Q14. Explain some mitigation strategies to protect ourselves from landslides

LAQ Exemplars: The Indian Constitution

1. List the two fold objectives of Fundamental Rights.

2. Describe the features of the Indian Constitution.

3. List the Fundamental Rights in Indian Constitution.

4. Describe how the Constitution provides safeguards against misuse of power.

5. Explain Right to Equality.

MCQ Exemplars: The Indian Constitution

This life supporting system is known as the ecosystem.

hours is enough to save 8,000 litres of water.