10th Asia Pacific Conference on

Transportation and The Environment (APTE)

In Conjunction with
11th Malaysian Universities Transport Research
Forum (MUTRF)
8th-10th November, 2016
Armada Hotel, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia

THE POTENTIAL USE OF RECYCLING ASPHALT PAVEMENT

MIXING WITH CRUSHED ROCK IN ROAD CONSTRUCTION
Saravut Jaritngam, Opas Somchainuek and Pichai Taneerananon

Faculty of Engineering
Prince of Songkla University, Thailand

Department of Highways
Songkhla, Thailand
I. Background
• Recently, great concern is placed on sustainable
construction and infrastructure. While road
construction is lagging in this area as compared to
the building construction industry, the demand for
sustainable and environmentally sound roads will
increase in the future. One way to construct
environmentally sound roads is through the use of
recycled materials.

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I. Background
• RAP is one material that has been widely recycled.
RAP is created when existing AC surfacing is milled
or completely removed. Milling the existing
roadway surface and replacing it with a new HMA
is a rehabilitation method utilized throughout the
country. The quantity of unused RAP continually
increases, creating opportunities for using RAP in
other applications [1].

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 II. Objectives
• To estimate the RAP and aggregate demand to fulfill
the requirements of recycled mix, for a typical
highway project.
• To carry out mix design with recycled and virgin
materials and compare the mix properties.
• To investigation the influence of recycled materials
on the mechanical behavior, UCS and performance of
bituminous mixes through laboratory experiments.

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V. Laboratory Work
Eng. Properties

MDD (%w&mdd)

MDD
(CR 0-50%,C 1-6%)

UCS

Conclusion
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Collecting Samples for Testing

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Laboratory Tests

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 Table 1: Mixture proportions and descriptions

Mixture Mix Description

proportion
(%)
RAP CR
CR 0 100 crushed rock (CR)
CR25 75 25 25% RAP replaced by CR
CR50 50 50 50% RAP replaced by CR
RAP 100 0 Recycling asphalt pavement (RAP)

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 Table 2: Gradation of extracted sample
Sieve No. CR Mix CR25 Mix CR50 RAP
2" 100 100 100 100
1" 91.1 95.4 97.0 98.3
3/4" 82.2 89.2 93.6 90.9
3/8" 55.3 67.0 85.5 63.5
#4 37.0 41.7 63.2 42.5
#10 24.3 31.1 41.1 22.5
#40 11.9 15.1 19.8 8.5
#200 7.9 6.8 9.1 3.3

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 Table 3: Compaction test results for RAP-CR-C

Blended Materials OMC (%) MDD (t/m3)

name
CR 100%CR 6.2 2.293

CR25 75%RAP+25 6.6 2.065

%CR
CR50 50%RAP+50 6.5 2.181
%CR
RAP 100%RAP 8.3 2.056

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 Table 4: Test results of UCS (MPa) 7 d

Blended 1% C 2% C 3% C 4% C 5% C %6 C
name

CR 9.2 21.2 30.6 39.8 - -

CR25 - 16.7 21.9 25.7 30.5 -

CR50 - 17.8 25.0 30.6 36.2 -

RAP - - 18.6 22.6 27.0 31.8

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 V. Laboratory Results

According to the requirements of Specifications of the

DOH, Thailand,
the cement treated aggregates with 24.5 ksc of 7 days
UCS may be used for the base courses of roadway.
Therefore, according to the test results, when the CR
aggregate replacement of RAP with cement is higher
than 3%, the UCS of the mixture can meet the
requirements of DOH, Thailand.

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 Conclusions and Recommendations
• Three sets of recycling materials which contained 0,
25% and 50% CR, repectively, were mixed with cement.
The test results of compaction property indicated that
the cement treated RAP which contains CR had a higher
MDD and lower OMC.

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 Conclusions and Recommendations
• The laboratory consist of gradation, modified proctor
compaction and UCS. Variables influencing the UCS
such as cement content, CR content play important
roles to determine the performance of RAP mixed with
CR. Results indicated the cement stabilized mixed with
50% CR content and 3% cement could meet the DOH
requirements.
• The UCS increased with the increase of %CR in the
mixtures. 7 day UCS of mixture which contains 50% CR
can meet the base strength requirements of DOH. This
study showed that the use of RAP is suitable in
constructing stabilized road base.
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 Thank You

4th APTE 2005, Xi’an, China

7th APTE 2010, Indonesia
 Thank You

8th APTE 2012, Thailand

 Thank You
10th APTE 2016, Malaysia