Music

Lesson 1

Philippine Music – Is a mixture of European, American, and indigenous sounds.

Vocal music – is music sung orally with or without musical accompaniment.
Vocal music can be categorized as:
A. Indigenous music
- Is either vocal or instrumental.
- It is diverse in nature and differs in form, structure, mode, style, and terminologies.
- Was replaced by liturgical and religious music.
Indigenous tradition
- Is practiced by our ethic brothers from Luzon, Visayas, Mindanao.

Vocal genres:
1. Epic stories about gods and heroes
2. Work Songs about planting, harvesting, fishing,
3. Courting songs
4. Children’s songs
5. Mourning songs
6. Ritual songs
7. Occasion songs
Indigenous music may be described as
1. Rhythmical, with expressive pauses
2. Free Flowing, improvised, and spontaneous
3. Recitative (in between singing and reciting)
4. Uses mostly simple two-note music
B. Spanish Colonial Regime
- Reshaped the Philippine culture in general, particularly its music.
Religion
- Played a significant role in the propagation of western music in the country.
Gregorian Chant or plainchant
- The very first sound of Christian church music that our ancestors heard.
- An austere, unaccompanied monophony
The following are examples of religious music:
These songs were performed during Christmas and Lent.
1. Ave Maria – commonly sung by a female voice or sung by a tenor or baritone with piano or
harmonium accompaniment.
2. Flores de Maria – arranged for three voices with organ or harmonium accompaniment.
3. O Salutaris Hostia – arranged for multiple voices with full orchestral accompaniment.
Other liturgical devotions widely practiced until today
I. Alay (flower offering)
II. The Marian Flores de Mayo During the month of may
III. Santacruzan
IV. The pabasa
V. Pasyon During the Lenten season
VI. The Easter Salubong
VII. Christmas panunuluyan

Ritual Music
- Mixed with the religious forms, many new forms of secular indigenous music.
the assimilation of European secular genres:
1. Berso Golpeado – a traditional greeting song of the ibanags
2. Kumintang - originally a war song but later developed into an ancient native dance and melody in
triple time.
3. Balitaw – a song and dance common among the Tagalogs.
 4. Kundiman – the most typical love song of the Filipinos.
C. American Colonial
- The American Regime was a period of cultural and musical growth in the Philippines.
- It introduced new forms of government and economy, established a system of education, politics, and industry and
developed a mass culture that promised various forms of social entertainment.
Japanese music
- Was heard over the radio, and Japanese folk songs were forced to be learned in schools.
Oriental Music
- Were held along with literary musical contests to keep their musical culture alive.
D. Contemporary
- This refers to the songs of the 21st century often called “OPM” or Pinoy Pop.
- They may be written in Tagalog, English, or Taglish.

Arts
Lesson 1
 Ilocos
- The Ilocos region is located in the northwest of Luzon, bordering the regions of the Cordillera Administrative Region,
Cagayan Valley, and Central Luzon.
- it is composed of four provinces, namely: Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, La Union, Pangasinan.
a. Inabel
Abel
- In Ilocano refers to the process of weaving
Inabel
- Is the final woven product made from cotton and other natural fibers.
The cotton balls or Binatbatan
- Using bamboo sticks to separate the seeds during the initial stage
Sagut
- These traditional threads are dyed from the sap of the black plum.
b. Burnay Pottery
- Another industrial craft practiced in the western part of Vigan is the craft of making earthenware’s of burnay
Jars/pottery.
The clay
- Is molded into the desired shape and placed inside high temperature ground kilns made from brick
and clay
The burnay
- Is dark in color because the clay is burnt first before it is molded.
The potter
- Has to manually pick out all the debris in the clay mixture.
Burnay Jars
- Were used for tea drinking and as containers for salt, brown sugar, local wine basi, and bagoong
(fermented fish).

Vigan
- is unique for having preserved much of its Hispanic colonial character, particularly its grid street pattern and
historic urban lay out.
 Pangasinan
- Is located on the western area of Luzon along the Lingayen Gulf and the West Philippine Sea.
- The name Pangasinan means “place for salt” or “place of salt-making”.
- another name for the region is “Caboloan”
Bolo
- refers to the bamboo species abundant in the interior areas of the province.
Bilao
- weave light baskets and winnowing plates.
Buri or raffia leaves
- This is where weaved Bolinao mats are made from.
Bolinao mats or banig
 - These are simple handwoven mats usually used in several southeast Asian countries the Philippines for sleeping.
San Carlos City
- is popular in the bamboo industry.
The Festival
- is held for three days to promote the city as a major trading center of bamboo furniture and “carabao” mangoes.
La Union
- is bordered by Ilocos sur to the north.
Dalikan or cooking stove
- It is well known for its well-crafted cooking stove, traditionally handmade by locals.

Physical Education
Lesson 1
These Complete a Healthy individual:
Diet, Exercise, Rest, Sleep.
Fitness
- has two components
A. Health-Related Components
1. Body Composition – refers to the relative amount of muscle, fat, bone, and other vital parts
of the body.
2. Flexibility – the range of motion in the body.
3. Muscular endurance – the ability of the muscle to continue to perform without fatigue.
4. Muscular strength – the ability of muscle to exert force during an activity.
5. Cardiovascular Endurance – the ability of the body’s circulatory and respiratory systems to
supply fuel during sustained physical activity.
B. Skill-Related Components
1. Agility – the ability to move quickly and change direction in different levels.
2. Balance – refers to the sense of equilibrium in the body.
3. Coordination – the body to use body parts and sense together.
4. Reaction time – how quickly your brain responds to a stimulus and initiate a response.
5. Power – performing a task quickly and forcibly
6. Speed – the ability to reach a distance in the shortest period of time.
 Weight bearing exercises
1. Walking
2. Jogging
3. Push-ups
4. Pull-ups
5. Curl-ups
6. Jumping jacks

Benefits of physical fitness

(based on my own understanding)

Health
Lesson 1
Health – is more than the mere absence of disease.
Definition of Holistic Health
Holistic Health – is the overall wellness approach that tackles the body, mind, and spirit or the physical, emotional/mental,
and spiritual aspects of an individual.
1. Emotional – Ability to understand ourselves and cope with challenges life can bring.
2. Social – Ability to establish and maintain positive
3. Physical – Ability to maintain a health quality of life that allows us to get through daily tasks without undue
fatigue or physical stress.
4. Intellectual – Ability to open our minds to new ideas and experience that can be applied to person decisions.
5. Occupational – Ability to get personal fulfillment from our jobs or our chosen career fields.
6. Spiritual – Ability to establish peace and harmony in our lives.
7. Environmental – Ability to understand responsibility for the quality of air, water, and land around us.