1

1 Which process releases water and energy?

A aerobic respiration
B osmosis
C photosynthesis
D protein synthesis
[1]

[Total: 1]

2 When a donkey is bred with a zebra, a zebronkey is produced. Zebronkeys are not fertile animals.

Which statement is correct?

A Donkeys and zebras belong to different species because their offspring are not fertile.
B Donkeys and zebras belong to different species because they do not look exactly the same.
C Donkeys and zebras belong to the same species because they look alike.
D Donkeys and zebras belong to the same species because they produce offspring.
[1]

[Total: 1]

3 The plant Mimosa pudica has leaves that fold in when touched.

This demonstrates movement and which other characteristic?

A excretion
B growth
C nutrition
D sensitivity
[1]

[Total: 1]
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4 The diagram shows the apparatus at the beginning of an investigation into temperature change
during the germination of seeds. The temperature at the start of the investigation was 25 °C in both
flasks.

After two days the temperature in flask 1 is 25 °C. The temperature in flask 2 is 28 °C.

vacuum
flask

dead and living seeds

disinfected
seeds

cotton wool

thermometer

flask 1 flask 2

Which characteristic of living organisms is shown in this experiment?

A excretion
B growth
C reproduction
D respiration
[1]

[Total: 1]
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5 Many living organisms can be classified as plants or animals.

The table shows some features of animals and plants.

Place ticks (✓) in the boxes to show the correct features of animals and plants.

feature animals plants

can respire

can grow

can make their own food

contain DNA

can respond to changes in their

environment

[5]

[Total: 5]
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6 The diagram shows six species of reptiles.

Use the key to identify each species. Write the letter of each species (A–F) in the correct empty
box beside the key.
 5

1 (a) organism has a shell (hard covering on its back) go to 2

(b) organism does not have a shell go to 3

2 (a) organism has flat limbs (flippers) Caretta caretta

(b) organism has legs and feet Chelonoidis nigra

3 (a) organism has limbs go to 4

(b) organism has a long body and no limbs Crotalus viridis

4 (a) organism has ridges on its back go to 5

(b) organism has no ridges on its back Varanus bengalensis

5 (a) organism has a coiled tail Chamaeleo calyptratus

(b) organism has a straight tail Alligator mississippiensis

[5]

[Total: 5]

7 The ant-mimic jumping spider, Myrmarachne formicaria, is shown in the diagram.

The common name of this species describes its behaviour. It is an arachnid that tricks its prey
because it looks like the insects that it eats.

State the genus of the spider shown in the diagram.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]
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[Total: 1]

8 The diagram shows a virus that causes measles.

State the name of the parts of the virus shown in the diagram labelled X and Y.

X .............................................................................................................................................

Y ............................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

9 Mammals are one of the five groups of vertebrates.

The list describes some of the features of fish, amphibians, reptiles, mammals and birds.

Some features belong to more than one group.

State the name of one vertebrate group which has the distinguishing feature of:

scales .......................................................................................................................................

feathers ....................................................................................................................................

gills ...........................................................................................................................................

smooth moist skin. ................................................................................................................... [4]

[Total: 4]
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10 The diagram below shows five different mammals.

not drawn to scale

 8

Use the key to identify the mammals shown in the diagram.

Write the letter of each species (A to E) in the correct box beside the key.

key

letter

1 (a) has webbed feet go to 2

(b) does not have webbed feet go to 3

2 (a) tail wide and flattened Castor canadensis

(b) tail rounded, ending in a point Lutra lutra

3 (a) body fur striped Panthera tigris

(b) body fur not striped go to 4

4 (a) tail has tuft of dark fur at the end Panthera leo

(b) no tuft of fur at end of tail Canis lupus

[4]

[Total: 4]

11 State the names of two different types of plant cell.

1 ...............................................................................................................................................

2 ............................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]

12 State the name of the cell structure where photosynthesis happens.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]
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13 The photomicrograph is of an animal cell.

..............................................

Identify the structure in the cell that contains the genetic material.

Label this structure on the photomicrograph by stating its name in the space provided and by
drawing a label line to show its location in the cell. [2]

[Total: 2]
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14 The photomicrograph is of an animal cell.

The actual size of the animal cell is much smaller than it appears in the image in the
photomicrograph.

State the piece of laboratory equipment that is used to view animal cells.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]
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15 The photomicrograph is of an animal cell.

Plants contain additional cell structures when compared to animal cells.

State two structures of plant cells that are not present in the cell shown in the photomicrograph.

1 ...............................................................................................................................................

2 ............................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]

16 State the name of the structure that contains chlorophyll in a plant cell.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]
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17 The shaded area of the diagram represents structures found in both plant and animal cells.

plant animal
cell cell
structures structures

Which cell structure is from the shaded area?

A cell membrane
B cell wall
C chloroplast
D large vacuole
[1]

[Total: 1]

18 The diagram below shows images of red blood cells from a human, A, and a bird, B.

nucleus

A B

There is a nucleus present in each of the red blood cells of the bird, as shown in the diagram.

State the function of a nucleus.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]
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[Total: 1]

19 A biologist made a slide of some epidermal cells from a scale leaf of an onion bulb.

The diagram below is a drawing that the biologist made of one of the cells.

D
A

Fig. 4.1

The table below shows the functions of the structures within a plant cell.

Complete the table by:

naming the part of the cell that carries out each function

using the letters from the diagram to identify the part of the cell named.

function letter from diagram name

resists the turgor pressure of the cell

controls the activities of the cell

site of the chemical reactions of the cell including

synthesis of proteins

[3]

[Total: 3]
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20 The cells in the diagram below form a tissue.

mucus
cilia

cell membrane

nucleus

goblet cell

Define the term tissue.

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

21 Organs, tissues and specialised cells are structures in the body that perform a particular function.

Write these parts of the body in order of size from smallest to largest.

cell DNA molecule organ organ system tissue

smallest .......................................
......................................
......................................
.......................................
largest .......................................

[2]

[Total: 2]
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22 A student made a drawing of one Escherichia coli bacterium.

The diagram shows the student’s drawing.

The actual length of the bacterial cell is 2 µm.

Convert the actual length of the cell to millimetres.

.................................................................. mm [1]

[Total: 1]

23 Egg cells and sperm cells are specialised cells.

State the name of the specialised cell that is responsible for each of these functions:

conduction and support in plants ...................................................................................

movement of mucus in the trachea ...................................................................................

photosynthesis ................................................................................................

transport of oxygen in mammals ...................................................................................... [4]

[Total: 4]
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24 Two pieces of an aquatic plant were placed into two different test-tubes, P and Q.

Each test-tube contained hydrogencarbonate indicator and was sealed and kept at 20 °C.

Test-tube P was kept in the light and test-tube Q was kept in the dark.

The table shows the effect of carbon dioxide on the colour of the hydrogencarbonate indicator.

less carbon more carbon

dioxide dioxide

dark red orange

What would the colour of the indicator be after 12 hours?

P Q

A dark red orange

B dark red dark red
C orange dark red
D orange orange

[1]

[Total: 1]
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25 When sunlight shines on a green water plant as shown, the plant gives off a gas which
collects at X.

sunlight sunlight

water
green water plant

What is this gas?

A air
B carbon dioxide
C nitrogen
D oxygen
[1]

[Total: 1]

26 Which two substances are the raw materials for photosynthesis?

A carbon dioxide and oxygen

B carbon dioxide and water
C starch and oxygen
D starch and water
[1]

[Total: 1]
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27 A student investigated the rate of photosynthesis in a plant at different temperatures.

The results are shown in the table.

rate of photosynthesis /
temperature / ° C
arbitrary units

20 42

25 61

30 77

35 92

40 45

State the temperature at which the rate of photosynthesis is highest.

......................................................° C [1]

[Total: 1]

28 Photosynthesis is a process that occurs in plant cells.

State the type of energy required for photosynthesis.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]
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29 The diagram below shows different plant cells A, B, C, D, and E.

waxy layer

A
B
C

E
D
not drawn to scale

Explain how the structures of cells A and E are related to their functions.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [4]

[Total: 4]
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30 The diagram below shows different plant cells A, B, C, D, and E.

waxy layer

A
B
C

E
D
not drawn to scale

The diagram below shows a plant.

Use the letters A, B, C, D, and E from the diagram above to show where these cells would be found
on the plant shown in the diagram below.

Write each of the letters in the appropriate box. One box will be left blank.

[5]

[Total: 5]
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31 A student investigated the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis of algae.

The diagram below shows the apparatus set up for the investigation.

glass tank with water

bottle containing algae

suspension and hydrogencarbonate
lamp stop-clock
indicator solution

ruler 0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Suggest why a glass tank with water was placed between the lamp and the bottle in the investigation.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]
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32 A student carried out an investigation to find the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate
of photosynthesis of an aquatic plant.

dilute sodium
hydrogencarbonate
solution
thermometer
movable lamp

stop watch

water-bath
pond plant
0 15
ruler cm

Fig. 2.1

The student counted the number of bubbles produced by the cut end of the stem of an aquatic
plant.

The results obtained by the student are shown in the graph below.

25

Y
20
rate of
photosynthesis 15
/ number of
bubbles X
10
per minute
5

0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50
carbon dioxide concentration / %

Describe the student’s results.

 23

You will gain credit if you use data from the graph in your answer.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [3]

[Total: 3]

33 What is a pathogen?

A a bacterium
B a disease-causing organism
C a disease that is transmissible
D a white blood cell that engulfs bacteria
[1]

[Total: 1]

34 Some components of blood defend the body against disease.

The table below contains the names of three of the components of blood.

It also states three defence mechanisms.

Complete the table by placing a tick (✓) in the box that matches each defence mechanism to the
correct component of blood.

component of blood
defence mechanism
platelets red blood cells white blood cells

antibody production

blood clotting

phagocytosis

[3]

[Total: 3]
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35 The body has defence mechanisms to protect it from infection.

Outline the body’s defence mechanisms.

..................................................................................................................................................

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.................................................................................................................................................. [5]

[Total: 5]