PETAL Structure 1 – One Paragraph

Combines multiple ideas and analysis into longer sentences and cohesive
paragraphs.

Focuses on presenting a holistic view of Napoleon's tactics and their effects.

Connects different elements, such as the use of repetition, exclamatory assertion,

blame deflection, fear instillation, and unity building, in a single section.

Provides a broader context and analysis of how these tactics work together to
establish Napoleon's authority and control over the animals.

Point: The pigs in Animal Farm abused their power by scapegoating

Snowball by using him as a convenient target for their failures and
consolidating their control over the other animals.
Evidence When the windmill collapsed, Napoleon, the lead pig, asked the
animals on the farm, "Comrades, … do you know who is responsible
for this? Do you know the enemy who has come in the night and
overthrown our windmill?” [before declaring that it was]
“SNOWBALL!” (Orwell 70).
Technique Here, Orwell’s use of repetition in ‘do you know’ cements Napoleon
and Analysis as the authority figure on the farm, showing that he controls the
knowledge amongst animals and decides what information is shared.
This, combined with his exclamatory assertion that ‘Snowball!’ is at
fault, deflects the blame from the pigs, and conveys Napoleon’s
mock outrage at Snowball’s alleged behaviour. This not only
absolved the pigs of responsibility for their failures but also instilled
fear and a sense of external threat among the animals by creating a
shared enemy in the form of Snowball. This effectively unified the
other animals under the pigs’ control, ensuring unquestioning loyalty
and obedience. Napoleon’s use of the term ‘comrades’, has
connotations of friendship through times of adversity, unifying the
animals in a perceived collective struggle against the fabricated
enemy, Snowball.

Link This abusive tactic of scapegoating Snowball demonstrates how the

pigs exploited their power and manipulated the other animals' trust
for their own gain. It reveals the pigs' willingness to sacrifice the truth
and manipulate their comrades to maintain their authority and control
over Animal Farm.
 PETAL Structure 2 – One Paragraph
Separates ideas into shorter sentences and individual sections within the paragraph.

Emphasizes each specific element and its impact individually.

Presents a more segmented analysis, focusing on explaining each aspect of

Napoleon's tactics in separate paragraphs.

Provides a clearer and more explicit explanation of each element, such as the use of
repetition, exclamatory tone, blame deflection, fear instillation, and unity building.
Point The pigs in Animal Farm abused their power by scapegoating Snowball
by using him as a convenient target for their failures and consolidating
their control over the other animals.

Evidence When the windmill collapsed, Napoleon, the lead pig, asked the
animals on the farm, "Comrades, … do you know who is responsible
for this? Do you know the enemy who has come in the night and
overthrown our windmill?” [before declaring that it was] “SNOWBALL!”
(Orwell 70).
Technique Here, Orwell’s use of repetition of ‘do you know’ cements Napoleon as
the authority figure on the farm.
Analysis This reveals that Napoleon controls the knowledge amongst animals
and decides what information is shared. In doing so, he can scapegoat
Snowball at any moment, without the animal’s challenging his
assertions.
Technique Napoleon uses an exclamatory tone when asserting that ‘Snowball!’ is
at fault.
Analysis This conveys Napoleon’s mock outrage at Snowball’s alleged behavior
and deflects the blame away from the pigs. In doing so, Napoleon
absolves the pigs of responsibility for their failures and instils a sense
of fear among the animals by creating a shared external enemy in the
form of Snowball.
Technique Napoleon’s use of the term ‘comrades’, has connotations of friendship
through times of adversity.
Analysis This effectively unified the other animals under the pigs’ control,
ensuring unquestioning loyalty and obedience in a perceived collective
struggle against the fabricated enemy, Snowball.
Link This abusive tactic of scapegoating Snowball demonstrates how the
pigs exploited their power and manipulated the other animals' trust for
their own gain. It reveals the pigs' willingness to sacrifice the truth and
manipulate their comrades to maintain their authority and control over
Animal Farm.