PE

STREET DANCE
 A street dance is a dance style (regardless of country of origin) that evolved outside dance studios in
any available open space such as streets dance parties, block parties, parks, school yards, and
nightclubs.

History of Street Dance:

 Street dance evolved out of the hip-hop scene in the early eighties, when rival groups of New York
youth choreographed their own break-dance and body-popping routines and performed them in the
streets.
 It evolved in the streets, factories, and dance parties during the eighteenth century in UK, Western
Europe, and Appalachian urban countercultures at the time.

MOVEMENTS IN STREET DANCE

1). Breaking- it is a style that is for the young, talented, and extremely fit. If you practice this style of dance,
you are called a "B-boy" or "B-girl,"

2). Locking- it is a type of street dance that involves acrobatic moves and could be seen as comical. It
requires fast and exaggerated hand and arm movements, but the hips and legs are more relaxed.

3). Krumping- This style of dance requires a lot of energy and is entirely freestyle. This became a major
part of the hip-hop in the 1990s. It involves four primary moves-wobbles, stomps, arm swings, chest pops.

4). Popping- This technique is usually done standing up and quickly contracting and relaxing your muscles,
causing your body to do a jerk called a hit or a pop. If you perform this type of dance, you are known as a
"popper." The moves are performed continuously with the music and are concentrated on specific parts of
the body-chest, leg, or arm.

5). Waving- it is a dance style that is basically a combined set of moves that makes it look as though a
wave is traveling through the body of the performer.

6). Robotics dance style- it indicates dancing like a robot. The moves themselves are called dime stops,
which mean moving a part of your body and bringing it to an abrupt stop like that of a robot. If this style is
danced or performed without music, it is known as mime.

7). House dance

- The house dance's main styles include lofting, footwork, and jacking. The footwork is fast while the body
movements are very fluid and are synchronized with the speed of the music.

8). Street jazz

- Inspired by traditional dance, street jazz is a mixture of hip-hop and jazz. The footwork can be fast and
complex and the floor moves are acrobatic.

HIP-HOP DANCES:
 Hip-hop dances are street dance styles performed with hip-hop music that evolved from the hip-hop
culture.
 These were created in the 1970s and made popular by dance crews in the United States. These
dances are practiced in dance studios and outdoor spaces often in freestyle or improvisational.

Hip-Hop Dance Styles:

1). Breaking or B-boying

- This was created in the Bronx in the early 1970s and was considered as the first hip-hop dance style.
Typically, breakers dance within a cypher or circular-shaped dance space.
2). Locking
- This was originally called campbellooking and was created in Los Angeles in 1969.
- Locking looks similar to popping, however, dancers in locking hold their positions longer. - Lock is the
primary move used and is similar to a "freeze" or a "sudden pause." A locker's dancing is characterized by
frequently locking in place and after a brief freeze, moving again.

3. Popping
- This style was created in Fresno, California in the 1970s. One of its significant techniques is quickly
contracting and relaxing muscles, causing a jerk in a dancer's body.
- This is referred to as a pop or a hit, with each hit synchronized to the rhythm and beat of the music.
- It is also used as an umbrella term to refer to a wide range of closely related illusionary dance styles such
as "strobin" or "ticking."

DERIVATIVE STREET STYLES

1). Memphis Jookin

 This was created in the 1980s in Memphis, Tennessee and was characterized by dancers as gliding
footwork, popping and waving, and using the tips of their sneakers to balance on point. The most
fundamental point to jookin' is gliding on tiptoes.

2). Turfing
 Turfing, the acronym for "Taking Up Room on the Floor," was created by Jeriel Bey in 2002 in
Oakland, California. This is a fusion of miming and gliding that places heavy emphasis on
storytelling and illusion.

3). Jerkin
 The jerkin' dance style was created in Los Angeles, popularized in 2009 by the New Boyz rap song
"You're a Jerk." Dancers typically style their hair in mohawk and often wear bright-colored clothing,
skinny jeans, and Vans sneakers.

4). Krumping
 This style was created by Cesare Willis and Jo Artis Ratti in the early 2000s in South Central, Los
Angeles.
 This style focuses on highly energetic battles and movements that are described as intense, fast-paced,
and sharp. Journalist Taisha Paggett from Dance Magazine stated that, "If movement were words,
[krumping] would be a poetry slam."

HEALTH
GLOBAL HEALTH INITIATIVES
A. Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
 In 2000, the UN General Assembly adopted the Millennium Declaration, establishing a global partnership of
countries and development partners committed to achieve the eight (8) Millennium Development Goals
(MDGs).
 The MDGs have 21 targets and a series of measurable health indicators and economic indicators.
 It is a global initiative that has post-2015 goals that focused on eliminating multiple dimensions of extreme
property and emerging global realities.
 The Global Fund is a twenty-first century partnership organization designed to accelerate the end of
HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria as epidemic. Over 20 million lives have already been saved by Global
Fund-supported programs.

B. World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC)

 This represents a paradigm shift in developing a regulatory strategy to address addictive substances.
  It developed in response to globalization of the tobacco epidemic. These are pieces of evidences that show
higher tobacco taxes and prices that lead to significant reductions in tobacco use.
 In 1987, the Philippines started tobacco control efforts. Despite the strong lobbying of the tobacco industry,
the country successfully passed the RA 9211 (Tobacco Regulation Act of 2003).

C. Global Mental Health Action Plan

 This action plan recognizes the essential role of mental health of all people. It is based on a life-course
approach, which aims to achieve equity through universal health coverage and stresses the importance of
prevention.
 This is a global initiative that focuses on mental hospitals in the predominant means for delivering
treatment and care for mental health.

D. Global Strategy to Reduce the Harmful Use of Alcohol

 The harmful use of alcohol is a serious health burden as it affects all individuals.
 It is a global initiative that concerted to global efforts to support member states and all relevant parties at all
levels to reduce harmful use of alcohol worldwide.
 WHO has paved the way for international work on tackling alcohol problems on the global, regional, and
national levels so that a measurable reduction of the impact of alcohol consumption on global health can be
achieved in a foreseeable future.

E. GAVI, The Vaccine Alliance

 The Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) is an international coalition of partners.
 It is a global initiative that integrates the adoption of new vaccines in developing countries critical to
reducing child mortality and meeting MDG 4: Reduce child mortality.
 It is created to continue and build upon the work of the earlier Children’s Vaccine Initiative, which was
launched in 1990.

How do global health initiatives contribute to disease prevention and control on a global scale?
 Global health initiatives help stop diseases from spreading all over the world. They do this by doing a few
important things. They make sure lots of people get vaccines to prevent diseases like measles and polio.
They also teach people through health seminars about how to stay healthy, like washing hands and eating
good food. They support scientists who are looking for new ways to treat and prevent diseases. And they
also talk to governments and other groups to make sure everyone works together to keep people healthy.
So, global health initiatives are like big teams that work hard to keep everyone safe and healthy all around
the world.