Similarities and Differences between direct method and audio lingual method in teaching

English.

The Direct Method and the Audio-Lingual Method are both historical language teaching
methods, each with its own set of principles and techniques. Here are the similarities and
differences between these two approaches:

Similarities:

1. Oral Emphasis:

Both methods place a strong emphasis on oral skills. They prioritize spoken language over
written language.

2. Everyday Vocabulary:

Both approaches focus on teaching practical and everyday vocabulary that is useful for
communication.

3. Inductive Learning:

Both methods lean towards inductive learning, where students are encouraged to figure out
grammar rules and patterns through exposure to examples rather than explicit instruction.

Differences:

1.Teaching Grammar:

Direct Method: Grammar is taught inductively, with a focus on presenting structures in

context. Grammar rules are discovered through examples and practice.

Audio-Lingual Method: Grammar is taught deductively, with explicit instruction of rules

before practice. Drills and repetitive exercises are used to reinforce grammatical patterns.

2. Role of Translation:

Direct Method: Translation is avoided. Teachers using the Direct Method believe in teaching
directly in the target language, without reliance on the native language.

Audio-Lingual Method: Translation is strictly discouraged. The focus is on creating habits of

correct usage through repetition and practice in the target language.

3. Use of Native Language:

Direct Method: The native language is generally avoided in the classroom. Teachers and students
are encouraged to communicate in the target language.

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Audio-Lingual Method: The native language is not forbidden, but its use is minimized. The
emphasis is on creating an environment where students think and respond in the target language.

4. Vocabulary Teaching:

Direct Method: Vocabulary is taught contextually, with an emphasis on real-life situations.

Students learn words in phrases and sentences.

Audio-Lingual Method: Vocabulary is often taught through pattern drills and repetitive
exercises. Memorization and habit formation are crucial.

5. Listening Skills:

Direct Method: Listening skills are developed through exposure to authentic spoken language.
Teachers provide models for correct pronunciation and intonation.

Audio-Lingual Method: Listening skills are honed through repetitive listening exercises.
Students listen to and repeat model sentences and dialogues.

6. Authentic Materials:

Direct Method: Authentic materials such as newspapers, magazines, and real-life texts are used
to expose students to natural language use.

Audio-Lingual Method: Textbooks and scripted dialogues are commonly used. Authentic
materials may be introduced gradually.

7. Teacher's Role:

Direct Method: The teacher is a facilitator who guides students in the discovery of language
rules. The focus is on interactive and communicative activities.

Audio-Lingual Method: The teacher is a model and director of activities. The emphasis is on
structured drills and exercises.

In summary, while both the Direct Method and the Audio-Lingual Method share an emphasis on
oral skills and practical vocabulary, they differ in their approaches to grammar instruction, the
role of translation, the use of the native language, and the methods employed for vocabulary and
listening skill development.