Experiment No.

Object:- To Determine the total hardness in the given water Sample by Complexometric Titration
Method.

Things Required:- Glasswares : Burelte, pipette, conical Flask.

Solutions : Disodium Salt of EDTA,Standard Water Sample(Known), Unknown, Buffer(Ammonical ).
EBT (Eriochrome black-T) indicator.
Theory:
EDTA Forms remarkable stable complex compounds with transition metals particularly with Di &
Polyvalent Metals.
Hardness in water is generally due to dissolved salts of calcium &Magnesium. It is easily estimated by
titrating the water sample with standard EDTA solution using EBT as an indicator. EDTA has a very
limited solubility in water. Therefore in place of EDTAwe use its Disodium Salt which get easily ionized
in water &convets a ligand which form complex with Calcium &Magnesium ions.

HOOCCHA CH;CoOH
:N-CH,CHN:
HIC-CH/ CH,CO0
STRUCTURE OF EDTA
lonization of Disödium Salt of EDTA

HOOC-H,C, CH,-C0ONa

;N CH, CH,-N: H*

HOOC- H, CH,- COOH

(Disodium Salt of EDTA)

HOOC-H,C, CH,-CO0
H* \;N- CH, CH, -N: - H* 2Na*

cO0- H,C CH, -COOH

(Strong Ligand)
 verygroup
textile with & coluro
Its wine8-10.is (SHW)sample
Mgjlors. which azo)-6nitro2
Name)-Sodium1(1hydroxy-2naphthyl
(IUPAC fill
to of is azo the
turns it in then
PHused 8-10.Therefore
dye until
metal|Co, an Concordent
the
colour &
contains
a Solution water burette Reading
is
between as
buffaer generally
wththe EDTA Hard the
thenin alkaline of itbecause
complex range from
standard Volume
Burette(ml)
of
ionsonly used of indicator.
4-sulphonate
naphthol- solution
Ca,Mg
coloured 8-10 PH Dyealso
effective salt
Flnal
NH,OH.
particular disodiumknown an reading.
between azois point.
withis as EDTA solution.
indicator as it industries. Initial
torm of solution end
complex & &
NH,CIthiscalled
(N=N) given ml standard concordent
itas solution the unknown
at 10
titration withEDTA. EBT at Volume
ofPipette
formthis of onlyalso out blue
mixture of with get using
Bluethe stable
0s it of water.pipette
1drop sky
EBT rinse
thisit salt solution we
whenSkyof pH<945) Clear till by
in PH ais remains PH.The bydroxy-azo
tautomer waterDisodium flask. & procedure
indicator the It
to
OH
solution procedure
but to
sample Solution(SHW):
red buffer. with with conical red Observation
table:
blue maintaining and this at
wine ammonical t of buffer wine
an dark (i) burette pipette
solution given same same
formmaintain (predomin the
as is from
Usedis point Procedure: in of the the
complexes OH theit 3-5ml the changes
thestandard KnownS.No.
olour for transfer Titrate RepeatRepeat
is an
endTherefore to Wash Wash
EBT generally essential No, Add
.1ginal
red.Its For
The The 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6)
 Solution(SHW):
unknownFor
Determination
totalof Calculation:-
Result:-The Strength No. S
Known/SHW
Ng N;V2 EDTA
(in Ng N,* = N2 0.02 N,V,
PPM) *
total =
10Standardization
=
=*
= =
hardness Normality Volume
Pipetteof
N3 Hardness:
Unknown N,
* N,V2 EDTA
0.10
02 *
in * * N, N, 10
* NV3
* N,
* 10
the PPM. 50 10 10 of
equivalent
50*
1000
given,water EDTA
*
1000

weight Initial
Burette(ml)
Volume of
sample
of Flnal
is CaCO3

*
1000
PPM. Concordent
Reading