What is A/B testing?

a.A type of testing where the product is tested with different user groups
b.A type of testing where the product is tested in different environments
c.A type of user testing where users are randomly assigned to different versions of a product
d.A type of testing where the product is compared to a competitor's product
c. A/B testing (also known as split testing or bucket testing) is a type of user testing where users
are randomly assigned to different versions of a product. This technique is commonly used in
marketing and web development to compare the performance of two different versions of a
product or webpage. By splitting users into two groups and showing each group a different
version of the product, developers can measure which version performs better in terms of user
engagement, conversion rates, or other desired metrics. A/B testing can help optimize and
improve a product or webpage by providing data-driven insights on which version is more
effective.

Prototype ______ refers to the levels of detail and functionality of the prototype.
a.Medium-fidelity
b.Fidelity
c.Low-fidelity
d.High-fidelity
b. Fidelity refers to the levels of detail and functionality of the prototype. Prototype fidelity can be
high or low, depending on the level of detail and functionality required to communicate the
intended design solution. High-fidelity prototypes are often interactive and closely resemble the
final product, whereas low-fidelity prototypes are rough sketches or simple mockups that are
quick and easy to create. Medium-fidelity prototypes are somewhere in between, offering
enough detail and functionality to test specific aspects of the design without being fully polished
or refined.

What is the outcome of the define stage?

a.A list of potential design opportunities
b.A detailed plan for how to implement the solution
c.All of the above
d.A clear definition of the problem to be solved
d. A clear definition of the problem to be solved is the primary outcome of the Define stage in
the Design Thinking process. During this stage, the design team conducts research, gathers
information, and synthesizes insights to define the problem statement that the design solution
will address. This involves identifying the needs, goals, and pain points of the target audience and
stakeholders, as well as any constraints or requirements that may impact the design solution.
Once the problem has been clearly defined, the design team can move on to the Ideate stage,
where they generate ideas and potential solutions to the problem.

What is the goal of the Ideate step of the design thinking process?
a.To test prototypes
b.To generate ideas and insights
c.To develop potential solutions
d.To identify user needs
b. The goal of the Ideate step of the design thinking process is to generate ideas and insights.
During this stage, the design team uses brainstorming, mind mapping, and other ideation
techniques to generate a wide range of creative and innovative ideas that have the potential to
solve the problem identified in the Define stage. The ideation process is focused on quantity
rather than quality, encouraging the team to come up with as many ideas as possible without
judging or evaluating them at this stage. The ideation stage is critical to the design process
because it provides a diverse range of potential solutions from which the team can later choose
and develop into prototypes.

What is an example of an Ideate step activity?

a.Developing solutions
b.Identifying user needs
c.Interviewing users
d.Brainstorming ideas
d. Brainstorming ideas is an example of an Ideate step activity. Brainstorming is a common
ideation technique used in the design thinking process to generate a large number of ideas in a
short amount of time. During a brainstorming session, the design team members gather together
to freely and creatively suggest as many ideas as possible, without evaluating or judging them.
The goal of brainstorming is to encourage and inspire the team to think outside the box and
generate a diverse range of potential solutions to the problem identified in the Define stage.
Other ideation techniques that can be used in the Ideate stage include mind mapping, sketching,
and reverse brainstorming, among others.

In the small community of Ongwediva, located in northern Namibian, a group of women

gathered every morning to collect water from the nearby river. The task was challenging, as the
river was far away, and the water had to be carried back to the village on foot. Despite this, the
women took on the job with determination, as they knew that water was essential for their
families and the community. One day, a group of designers visited the village to prototype a new
water collection system. They worked closely with the women, taking into account their needs,
desires, and limitations. After several iterations, they came up with a design that was easy to use,
durable, and efficient. The new system used a gravity-fed pipeline that collected water from the
river and delivered it directly to the village. The women were delighted with the new system, as it
freed up their time and energy, and allowed them to focus on other tasks. The designers were
pleased as well, as they had successfully applied the first stage of the design thinking process:
empathy. What was the designer's prototype for the community?
a.A new hospital
b.A new school
c.A new road
d.A new water collection system
d. A new water collection system was the designer's prototype for the community. The designers
worked closely with the women in the community to understand their needs, desires, and
limitations, and then used this empathy to create a prototype that addressed their challenges.
The new water collection system was designed to be easy to use, durable, and efficient, and it
used a gravity-fed pipeline to collect water from the river and deliver it directly to the village. This
prototype demonstrated the power of design thinking in solving real-world problems by putting
the needs of the user at the center of the design process.

What is a problem statement in design thinking?

a.A statement that outlines the user's needs
b.A statement that describes the user's pain points
c.A statement that defines the solution
d.A statement that defines the problem to be solved
d. A problem statement in design thinking is a statement that defines the problem to be solved.
The problem statement is a clear and concise statement that outlines the challenge or
opportunity that the design team will address through the design process. It provides a focus for
the team and helps to ensure that everyone involved in the project is aligned on the problem
that needs to be solved. The problem statement should be based on user needs and insights
gathered during the empathy stage, and it should be specific, measurable, and actionable to
guide the ideation and prototyping stages of the design process.

What is the primary goal of the define stage in design thinking? a.To prototype and test potential
solutions b.To understand the needs and experiences of the target audience c.To generate a wide
range of potential solutions to the problem d.To narrow down and define the problem to be
solved
The primary goal of the define stage in design thinking is to narrow down and define the
problem to be solved. In this stage, the design thinking team works to gain a deep understanding
of the problem they are trying to solve, by gathering information and insights about the needs
and experiences of the target audience, stakeholders, and other key players. The team then uses
this information to create a clear and concise problem statement, which will guide the rest of the
design thinking process. This stage is critical because a well-defined problem statement sets the
foundation for successful ideation, prototyping, and testing of potential solutions.

From the following example: During the testing stage of the design thinking process, a team has
developed a prototype of a new mobile app. Which of the following is the most appropriate
method for testing the app's usability? a.Running a survey to collect opinions from the team
b.Conducting a heuristic evaluation to identify usability issues c.Asking a single user to test the
app and provide feedback d.Conducting a focus group with potential users to gather feedback
The most appropriate method for testing the usability of a prototype mobile app in the testing
stage of the design thinking process would be to ask a single user to test the app and provide
feedback (option c). This is known as user testing, where a real user is observed while they
interact with the app to perform specific tasks. User testing is a valuable technique for uncovering
usability issues and identifying areas for improvement. It provides insights into how users
navigate the app, what features they find useful, and what areas are confusing or frustrating. By
testing with real users, designers can ensure that the app meets user needs and expectations.
Surveys (option a) and focus groups (option d) are better suited for gathering feedback on
overall user satisfaction or understanding user preferences. Heuristic evaluations (option b) are
useful for identifying usability issues but don't provide the level of insight that user testing can
provide.

From the following example: A team has developed a new app for a client. During the testing
stage of the design thinking process, which of the following methods would be best suited to
test the app's technical performance? a.Conducting a focus group with potential users to gather
feedback b.Asking a single user to test the app and provide feedback c.Conducting a
performance test with the app d.Running a survey to collect opinions from the team
The most appropriate method for testing the technical performance of a new app in the testing
stage of the design thinking process would be to conduct a performance test with the app
(option c). Technical performance testing is focused on evaluating how well the app performs
under various conditions, such as load testing to assess how well the app handles heavy usage, or
stress testing to evaluate how well it performs when subjected to high levels of traffic. This type
of testing requires specialized tools and expertise to ensure accurate results.

Asking a single user to test the app (option b) or conducting a focus group with potential users
(option a) would not provide sufficient information on the app's technical performance.

Running a survey to collect opinions from the team (option d) would also not be an appropriate
method for testing the app's technical performance. Surveys are better suited for collecting
feedback on overall user satisfaction or understanding user preferences, rather than assessing the
technical performance of the app.

During which stage would you gather information about people’s needs and motivation? a.Ideate
b.Prototype c.Empathy d.Test
The stage in which you would gather information about people's needs and motivations is the
Empathy stage of the Design Thinking process (option c). The Empathy stage is the first stage in
the design thinking process, and it involves understanding and empathizing with the target
audience, to develop a deep understanding of their needs, motivations, and pain points. This
stage involves gathering insights and observations through various techniques such as user
research, ethnographic studies, and contextual inquiry. By gaining empathy and insights into the
users, designers can gain a better understanding of their needs, motivations, and behaviors,
which can then inform the subsequent stages of the design thinking process, including ideation,
prototyping, and testing.

From the article titled Empathize with Whom? Adopting a Design Thinking Mind‐Set to Stimulate
Sustainability Initiatives in Chinese SMEs by John Storm and Adam Smith, why is gaining
embeddedness into the lives of stakeholders important during the Inspiration stage? a.To
generate insights into how to impact the stakeholder group b.To ensure the commissioning body
is satisfied with the project c.To gain a better understanding of the project background d.To
avoid contracting non-traditional design projects
According to the article titled "Empathize with Whom? Adopting a Design Thinking Mind‐Set to
Stimulate Sustainability Initiatives in Chinese SMEs" by John Storm and Adam Smith, gaining
embeddedness into the lives of stakeholders is important during the Inspiration stage of the
design thinking process because it allows designers to generate insights into how to impact the
stakeholder group (option a).

Gaining embeddedness means developing a deep understanding of the stakeholders and their
needs, values, and perspectives, which helps designers to identify opportunities and challenges
that may not be immediately apparent. By gaining this understanding, designers can generate
insights that can inform the subsequent stages of the design thinking process, such as ideation,
prototyping, and testing, and develop solutions that meet the needs and desires of the
stakeholder group.

The other options (b, c, and d) are not relevant to the importance of gaining embeddedness into
the lives of stakeholders during the Inspiration stage.

What is the purpose of the testing stage in the design thinking process? a.To brainstorm new
ideas b.To create a final product c.To empathize with the end-user d.To test and refine ideas
The purpose of the testing stage in the design thinking process is to test and refine ideas (option
d). The testing stage is the final stage in the design thinking process, and it involves testing and
evaluating the prototypes or solutions that have been developed in the previous stages. The
testing stage aims to validate the solutions and gather feedback from users and stakeholders to
identify areas for improvement.

During the testing stage, designers observe how users interact with the prototypes, identify pain
points, and gather feedback on the usefulness and effectiveness of the solutions. Based on this
feedback, designers can refine and iterate the solutions, making improvements and modifications
until they are satisfied with the final product. The testing stage helps designers to ensure that the
solutions meet the needs and expectations of the users and stakeholders and that the final
product is ready for implementation.

Which stage of design thinking follows the prototype stage? a.Ideate b.Empathy c.Test d.Define
The stage that follows the prototype stage in the Design Thinking process is the Test stage
(option c).

Once the prototype has been created in the previous stage, it is important to test it to ensure
that it meets the users' needs and expectations. The Test stage involves evaluating the prototype
and gathering feedback from users and stakeholders to identify areas for improvement. Based on
this feedback, designers can refine and iterate the solutions, making improvements and
modifications until they are satisfied with the final product.

After testing and refining the prototype, the design thinking process may loop back to earlier
stages such as Empathy or Ideate, to generate additional insights or ideas based on the testing
results. However, the next stage in the linear progression of the design thinking process is
typically the implementation or execution phase, which involves launching the final product or
solution.

What is the define stage in design thinking, and why is it important? a.It is the stage where
designers generate a wide range of potential solutions b.It is the stage where designers develop
a deep understanding of the users and their needs c.It is the stage where designers create a
prototype of the solution d.It is the stage where designers identify and define the problem they
are trying to solve
The define stage in design thinking is the stage where designers identify and define the problem
they are trying to solve (option d). In this stage, designers gather insights from the Empathize
stage and use them to identify the core problem that needs to be addressed. They analyze and
synthesize the information they have gathered and articulate a clear problem statement that
defines the problem they are trying to solve.

The define stage is important because it sets the foundation for the rest of the design thinking
process. Without a clearly defined problem statement, designers may end up solving the wrong
problem or developing solutions that do not meet the users' needs. The define stage helps
designers to focus their efforts and ensure that the solutions they develop are relevant and
effective. By clearly defining the problem, designers can generate better insights, ideate more
effectively, and create more impactful prototypes and solutions.

What is the primary goal of the Ideate stage in design thinking? a.To prototype and test potential
solutions b.To refine and improve upon existing ideas c.To develop a deep understanding of the
user's needs and pain points d.To brainstorm and generate a wide range of ideas
The primary goal of the Ideate stage in design thinking is to brainstorm and generate a wide
range of ideas (

To identify potential flaws and gather feedback is done in the: a. Prototype b. Test c. Ideate d.
Define
To identify potential flaws and gather feedback is done in the Test stage of the design thinking
process (option b). In this

To identify potential flaws and gather feedback is done in the: a.Prototype b.Test c.Ideate
d.Define
To identify potential flaws and gather feedback is done in the Test stage of the design thinking
process (option b). In this stage, the solutions or prototypes that have been developed are tested
and evaluated to identify potential issues, flaws, and opportunities for improvement. Feedback is
gathered from users, stakeholders, and other sources to inform further iterations and refinements
of the solution. By testing and gathering feedback, designers can ensure that their solution is
viable, desirable, and effective in meeting the users' needs.

At which stage do you define a Problem statement? a.Define b.Test c.Ideate d.Empathy
The stage at which you define a Problem statement is the Define stage of the Design Thinking
process (option a). In this stage, the focus is on defining the core problem that needs to be
solved, based on insights gained from the Empathy stage. The team analyzes and synthesizes the
information gathered during the Empathy stage and use it to create a Problem Statement that
defines the problem they are trying to solve. This Problem Statement guides the team through
the Ideation, Prototyping, and Testing stages of the Design Thinking process to ensure that the
final solution is relevant and effective in addressing the problem at hand.

At which stage of Design thinking, can you interview your target users? a.Ideate b.Empathy
c.Define d.Prototype
The stage of Design Thinking at which you can interview your target users is the Empathy stage
(option b). This stage involves gaining a deep understanding of the users' needs, wants, and pain
points by observing, engaging, and empathizing with them. One way to do this is through
conducting user interviews, which can provide valuable insights into users' motivations,
behaviors, and experiences. By conducting interviews, designers can gather rich qualitative data
that can inform the design process and help them to develop solutions that meet the needs of
their target users.

Which one is not a technique used in the ideate stage? a.Co-Creation Workshop b.Brainstorming
c.Braindrawing d.Bodystorming
All of the techniques listed are commonly used in the Ideate stage of the Design Thinking
process, except for "Braindrawing" (option c). While "Brainstorming" (option b), "Co-Creation
Workshops" (option a), and "Bodystorming" (option d) are all techniques used to generate a
large number of ideas and potential solutions during the Ideate stage, "Braindrawing" is not a
commonly used technique in Design Thinking. However, some teams may use variations of these
techniques or other ideation methods to generate innovative ideas and solutions.

From the article titled Empathize with Whom? Adopting a Design Thinking Mind‐Set to Stimulate
Sustainability Initiatives in Chinese SMEs by John Storm and Adam Smith, what are the three
stages of IDEO's design model? a.Ideation, Implementation, Introduction b.Implementation,
Inspiration, Ideation c.Introduction, Inspiration, Implementation d.Inspiration, Ideation,
Implementation
The three stages of IDEO's design model mentioned in the article titled Empathize with Whom?
Adopting a Design Thinking Mind‐Set to Stimulate Sustainability Initiatives in Chinese SMEs by
John Storm and Adam Smith are: "Inspiration," "Ideation," and "Implementation."

Looking at the eco-system map, interview practice, and break up letter activities done in your
practical class what is the primary goal of the empathize stage in design thinking? a.To generate
a wide range of potential solutions to the problem b.To analyze data and draw conclusions c.To
prototype and test potential solutions d.To understand the needs and experiences of the target
audience
The primary goal of the empathize stage in design thinking, based on the activities you
mentioned, is to understand the needs and experiences of the target audience. The ecosystem
map and interview practice activities aim to gain insights into the target audience's context,
behaviors, and pain points, while the break-up letter activity is meant to encourage empathy and
help designers see things from the user's perspective. All these activities are geared towards
gaining a deep understanding of the target audience, which is crucial for developing effective
solutions.

What is the main difference between empathy and sympathy in the context of design thinking?
a.Empathy involves feeling sorry for someone, while sympathy involves understanding their
perspective b.Empathy involves defining the problem, while sympathy involves developing a
solution c.Empathy involves understanding someone's perspective, while sympathy involves
feeling their emotions d.Empathy involves developing a prototype of a solution, while sympathy
involves testing the solution with users
The main difference between empathy and sympathy in the context of design thinking is that
empathy involves understanding someone's perspective, feelings, and experiences by putting
oneself in their shoes, while sympathy involves feeling sorry for someone or sharing their feelings
without necessarily understanding their perspective or experiences. In design thinking, empathy
is an important step in the process of developing solutions that truly meet the needs and desires
of the end-users, as it allows designers to gain a deep understanding of the users' needs,
motivations, and pain points, and to develop solutions that address those needs in a meaningful
way.

What are the steps of the design thinking process in sequential order? a.Understand -> Define ->
Ideate -> Produce -> Try b.Empathise -> Define -> Ideate -> Prototype -> Test c.Understand ->
Draw -> Ideate -> Create -> Test d.Empathise -> Design -> Implement -> Produce -> Test
The correct answer is b. Empathize -> Define -> Ideate -> Prototype -> Test.

Gaining feedback from others on how the solution meets the needs of the problems or concerns
they shared with you in interviews is done at which stage? a.Ideate b.Define c.Prototype d.Test
The stage in which gaining feedback from others on how the solution meets the needs of the
problems or concerns they shared with you in interviews is done is the Test stage.

Your team has just completed the ideation stage of the design thinking process and is now in the
prototype stage. What is the goal of this stage? a.To evaluate and refine the ideas generated in
the previous stage b.To create a tangible representation of the ideas generated in the previous
stage c.To create a fully functional product d.To generate as many ideas as possible
The goal of the prototype stage in the design thinking process is to create a tangible
representation of the ideas generated in the ideation stage. The purpose of this stage is to create
a rough, scaled-down version of the product or service that can be tested and evaluated for its
usability and effectiveness. The prototype can be in the form of sketches, diagrams, or models,
and can be tested to identify potential flaws and gather feedback to refine the solution.

Design Thinking is: a.Thinking about Design b.Solving problems from users’ perspectives c.Just
for designers d.Designing ways in which people think.
Design Thinking is:

b.Solving problems from users’ perspectives

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of creating a prototype? a.Reduced costs b.Faster
time to market c.Improved product quality d.Slows down the product development process
d. Slows down the product development process is not an advantage of creating a prototype,
rather it is a disadvantage. Prototyping can actually help to speed up the product development
process by allowing designers to quickly identify and address any issues or flaws in the product
before it goes to market.

During the prototype stage, your team creates a prototype that is too expensive to produce.
What should you do? a.Ignore the production costs and move on to the next stage of the design
thinking process b.Modify the prototype to reduce production costs c.Scrap the prototype and
start over d.Conduct additional user research to determine if the target user is willing to pay the
higher production costs
b.Modify the prototype to reduce production costs. During the prototype stage, it is important to
create a prototype that is not only functional but also feasible and economically viable. If the
prototype is too expensive to produce, the team should modify it to reduce production costs
while still maintaining the core features and functions that meet the user's needs. This may
involve making changes to the design or using different materials to reduce costs. Ignoring the
production costs and moving on to the next stage of the design thinking process could lead to a
product that is not economically viable or does not meet the needs of the user.