Republic of the Philippines

NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
ISO 9001:2015 CERTIFIED
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE

AR 143
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1
(BUILDING MATERIALS)

CHAPTER 2:
BUILDING MATERIALS (WOOD)

CHARLENE FAYE R. CRISTOBAL

ANNA PAULA MENDOZA
GIANNAVI PAULA PARAS
MAE ANNE I. SALMAZAN
JOHN WARREN VERANO
JULIUS CAESAR A. VIZCARRA
Group 1
BS ARCHI 1-A

AR. AURA BELLE T. RAZON, RMP.

Instructor

NEUST-AAF-F001
Rev.01 (10.15.2019) Transforming Communities through Science and
Technology
 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
ISO 9001:2015 CERTIFIED
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE

CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION OF MATERIALS
PROPERTIES
Stone is a natural material of construction and is obtained from quarries.
Since prehistoric days it has been used for constructing different components
of buildings like foundations, walls, lintels, floors, roof etc.

APPLICATION (USES)
 As stones ballast (broken stone) for railway track; for road construction ;
for preparing cement concrete required for foundations, flooring,
hollow and solid blocks, artificial stones and reinforced cement
concrete.
 As crushed stone (stone dust) is used as a substitute for sand.
 As blocks in the construction of buildings; lintels; arches; walls; columns;
abutments and piers of bridges; in weirs and in dams etc., etc.
 As blocks and slabs for face work of buildings requiring architectural
treatment.
 As thin slabs for roofing and for flooring buildings and pavements.
 As lime stone, it is used in the manufacture of lime, cement and in
various other chemical processes.
 Thin slabs of impervious stones are used for laying Damp proof Courses
in buildings.

ADVANTAGES/ DISADVANTAGES
Advantages of Building Stones
Here are the following advantages of building stones:

 Stone is natural construction material, it does not require any other

sources to make it. Very sustainable material that is easily available
and itself environment friendly and more frequently used.
 Stone is a natural material so it can resist water, fire, wind, pressure
which made itself more durable than any other material.
 It is very sustainable and durable for the long term so it required less
maintenance in long run.
 As it can resist the natural component like water, wind, etc. if it is
constructed properly it can help to regulate certain temperatures also
and gives you a comfortable feeling in all weather.
 It also resists fire so in areas where this kind of construction is best such
as a border or nearer to that this will be a more durable material for
construction and safety purposes.

NEUST-AAF-F001
Rev.01 (10.15.2019) Transforming Communities through Science and
Technology
 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
ISO 9001:2015 CERTIFIED
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE

 It is available in a drastically wide range and also you can work on it as

you want to display it so that is more convenient for aesthetical view
and also look more beautiful after the finishing is done properly

Disadvantages of Building Stones

Here are the following advantages of building stones:

 As we know more durable and sustainable things can not be available

at cheap rates, the stone is expensive as a construction material.

 Stone construction needs very skilled labor and contractors because of

its characteristics, everyone can not do this kind of construction. Skilled
contractors and laborers are also coming with more expense in the
case of others.
 Process of stone construction is also very long because it needs more
precise selection as per the construction, handling, and care is also
required at the time of its settlement. And very heavier in weight also.
 Stones are frequently available but you need to transport them to your
construction site which also increases your transportation cost and time
in construction.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

Difference between Natural Stone and Manufactured Stone

Natural Stone is not manufactured, it is a product of nature while
manufactured stones are derived of unnatural mixtures such as resin or
cement with the addictive of stone chips.

Natural Stone Manufactured Stone

-Granite -Terrazo
-Marble -Agglomerate or Conglomerate
-Limestone -Cultured or faux marble
-Travertine
-Slate
-Basalt
-Quartize
-Sandstone

NEUST-AAF-F001
Rev.01 (10.15.2019) Transforming Communities through Science and
Technology
 COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija, Philippines

ISO 9001:2015 CERTIFIED

Cost

Natural Stone
Cost: Natural Thin Stone is in most cases more expensive. The price has
dropped in the last few years, but still more than the alternative.

Manufactured Stone
Cost: Usually always the more economical choice

Value Engineering
It’s important to factor in your budget and time constraints when deciding
between natural stone and manufactured stone. Manufactured stone is
usually more cost-effective and easier to install. Those who favour quality and
durability will not be disappointed with natural stone. Before making your final
decision, order samples of each style to get a more detailed look at both
surfaces’ visual and material aesthetic.

Strength
In usual constructions the stones used are generally quite strong to withstand
the forces likely to be encountered yet in case of construction where
unusually bigger forces are likely to come the stone to be used should be
tested for its strength. Stones of igneous class are generally stronger than
those of the sedimentary class. Stones with compact fine crystalline texture
are stronger.

Maintenance
 To maintain natural stone in pristine condition, clean it with mild soap,
then rinse it with clean water before drying it immediately.
 Manufactured stone needs little maintenance after installation; you only
have to clean it with a soft bristle brush to remove dust and debris.
Applying a protective treatment to safeguard the manufactured stone

NEUST-AAF-F001
Rev.01 (10.15.2019) Transforming Communities through Science and Technology
 COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija, Philippines

ISO 9001:2015 CERTIFIED

from moisture is also better. Avoid tight sealing products as they do not
allow trapped water to come out. To maintain natural stone in pristine
condition, clean it with mild soap, then rinse it with clean water before
drying it immediately. Manufactured stone needs little maintenance
after installation; you only have to clean it with a soft bristle brush to
remove dust and debris. Applying a protective treatment to safeguard
the manufactured stone from moisture is also better. Avoid tight sealing
products as they do not allow trapped water to come out.

Natural Stone
Lower maintenance costs since it can be pressure washed

Manufactured Stone
Hard to clean because of it’s inability to withstand pressure washing or
manual scrubbing

Durability
Natural Stone
More durable than manufactured stone because its less porous.

Manufactured Stone
Deterioration over time, poor durability to natural elements such as wind,
water and sunlight.

Performance
Natural stone is heavier in weight, making it difficult to transport.
Manufactured stone requires less installation time while also being cost-
effective. Manufactured stone creates less waste than natural stone.

Availability
Both manufactured and natural stone are readily available

NEUST-AAF-F001
Rev.01 (10.15.2019) Transforming Communities through Science and Technology
 COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija, Philippines

ISO 9001:2015 CERTIFIED

Aesthetic Appeal
Manufactured stone helps you achieve the desired look if you have a
specific colour theme for your house. Natural stone only comes in distinct
colours depending on its base mineral. Yet, you can find any colour in
manufactured stone.

REFERENCES (APA FORMAT)

Sharma, S. (2017a, November 20). Building stones. civilengineering.blog.

https://civilengineering.blog/2017/11/06/building-stones/

Sharma, S. (2017a, November 7). characteristics of good building stone.

civilengineering.blog.

https://civilengineering.blog/2017/11/07/characteristics-of-good-building-stone/

(2020, September 30). What’s Important When Shopping for Stone Veneer (Part 1

Granville Stone & Hearth. https://www.granvillestone.com/blog/stoneveneer1/

(2017, March 28). Differences Between Natural and Manufactured Stone. K2 Stone.

https://www.k2stone.com/differences-between-natural-manufactured-stone/

S, R. (n.d.). Natural & Artificial stones & its uses in designing.

NEUST-AAF-F001
Rev.01 (10.15.2019) Transforming Communities through Science and Technology
 COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija, Philippines

ISO 9001:2015 CERTIFIED

S, R. (n.d.). Natural & Artificial stones & its uses in designing.

https://www.slideshare.net/RamyaS51/stones-presentation-ramya-2-65306367

NEUST-AAF-F001
Rev.01 (10.15.2019) Transforming Communities through Science and Technology