TLE - IA (Masonry NC II)

Activity Sheet - Quarter 1 – LAS 3

Properties of Masonry Materials

REGION VI - WESTERN VISAYAS

TLE 10 - IA (Masonry NC II)
Learning Activity Sheet (LAS) No. 3
First Edition, 2021

Published in the Philippines

by the Department of Education
Region 6 – Western Visayas

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in
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This Learning Activity Sheet is developed by DepEd Region 6 – Western

Visayas.

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this learning resource may be

reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical
without written permission from the DepEd Regional Office 6 – Western Visayas.

Development Team of TLE 10 – IA (Masonry NC II) Activity Sheet

Writer: Virginia A. Garsola

Editor: Elvie R. Verde
Layout Artist: Jewelyn Q. Cadigal
Division of Kabankalan City Quality Assurance Team:
Mary Helen M. Bocol Elvie R. Verde
Jewelyn Q. Cadigal
Division of Kabankalan City Management Team:
Portia M. Mallorca Nelly E. Garrote
Junry M. Esparar Mary Helen M. Bocol Elvie R. Verde
Jewelyn Q. Cadigal Emee Ann P. Valdez
Regional Management Team:
Ramir B. Uytico
Pedro T. Escobarte, Jr.
Elena P. Gonzaga
Donald T. Genine
April Calimoso-Velez
Ray G. Mercolino

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Introductory Message

Welcome to TLE 10 - IA (Masonry NC II)!

The Learning Activity Sheet is a product of the collaborative efforts of the

Schools Division of Kabankalan City and DepEd Regional Office VI - Western
Visayas through the Curriculum and Learning Management Division (CLMD). This is
developed to guide the learning facilitators (teachers, parents, and responsible
adults) in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Basic
Education Curriculum.

The Learning Activity Sheet is a self-directed instructional material aimed

to guide the learners in accomplishing activities at their own pace and time using
the contextualized resources in the community. This will also assist the learners in
acquiring the lifelong learning skills, knowledge and attitudes for productivity and
employment.

For learning facilitator:

The TLE 10 - IA (Masonry NC II) Activity Sheet will help you facilitate the
teaching-learning activities specified in each Most Essential Learning Competency
(MELC) with minimal or no face-to-face encounter between you and the learner.
This will be made available to the learners with the references/links to ease the
independent learning.

For the learner:

The TLE 10 - IA (Masonry NC II) Activity Sheet is developed to help you

continue learning even if you are not in school. This learning material provides you
with meaningful and engaging activities for independent learning. Being an active
learner, carefully read and understand the instructions then perform the activities
and answer the assessments. This will be returned to your facilitator on the agreed
schedule.

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 Quarter 1 – Week 3

Learning Activity Sheets (LAS) No. 3

Name of Learner: __________________________________________________

Grade and Section: ______________________Date: _____________________

TLE 10 - IA (MASONRY NC II) ACTIVITY SHEET

Properties of Masonry Materials

I. Learning Competency with Code

Determine quantity and quality of material to be hauled according to the job
requirement (TLE_IAMS9-12MM-Ia-h-1)

II. Background Information for Learners

The common materials of masonry construction are brick, building stone such

as marble, granite, and limestone, cast stone, concrete block, glass block, and
adobe. Masonry is generally a highly durable form of construction.
In construction, there should be an accurate determination of the materials
both the quality and quantity to have best result and the most is the safety. The
quality and the quantity of materials serve as great factor to have higher
endurance and resistance to both time and weather conditions, which provides you
with a higher assurance of safety. Through the proper construction of walls, the
entire design's integrity is increased.

Quality of Common Materials in Masonry

Bricks
If the scratch doesn't leave any mark or impression on the surface, then it
should be treated as a fine quality hard brick. Take two bricks, one in each hand,
and then struck them with each other lightly or one with mason's trowel. If it's
a quality brick, it will never break and produce a clear ringing sound.

Good Building Stone

A good building stone should have the following qualities.

Appearance: For face work it should have fine, compact texture; light-colored

stone is preferred as dark colors are likely to fade out in due course of time.
 

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Structure: A broken stone should not be dull in appearance and should have
uniform texture free from cavities, cracks, and patches of loose or soft material.
Stratifications should not be visible to naked eye. Strength: A stone should be
strong and durable to withstand the disintegrating action of weather. Compressive
strength of building stones in practice range between 60 to 200 N/mm 2.
 
Weight: It is an indication of the porosity and density. For stability of structures such
as dams. retaining walls, etc. heavier stones are required, whereas for arches,
vaults, domes, etc. light stones may be the choice.
 
Hardness: This property is important for floors, pavements, aprons of bridges, etc.
The hardness is determined by the Mohs scale
 
Toughness: The measure of impact that a stone can withstand is defined as
toughness. The stone used should be tough when vibratory or moving loads are
anticipated.
 
Porosity and Absorption: Porosity depends on the mineral constituents, cooling
time and structural formation. A porous stone disintegrates as the absorbed rain
water freezes, expands, and causes cracking. Permissible water absorption for
some of the stones is given in Table 1.

Table 1 24-Hours Water Absorption of Stones by Volume

S. No.  Types of Stone: Water absorption (% not greater than)
1.       Sandstone  : 10
2.       Limestone  : 10
3.       Granite       : 1
4.       Trap  : 6
5.       Shale : 10
6.       Gneiss  : 1
7.       Slate : 1
8.       Quartzite   : 3
 
Seasoning: The stone should be well seasoned.

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Weathering: The resistance of stone against the wear and tear due to natural
agencies should be high. Workability: Stone should be workable so that cutting,
dressing and bringing it out in the required shape and size may not be
uneconomical.
Fire Resistance: Stones should be free from calcium carbonate, oxides of iron, and
minerals having different coefficients of thermal expansion. Igneous rock show
marked disintegration principally because of quartz which disintegrates into small
particles at a temperature of about 575 o C. Limestone, however, can withstand a
little higher temperature; i.e. up to 800 o C after which they disintegrate.
Specific Gravity: The specific gravity of most of the stones lies between 2.3 to 2.5.
Thermal Movement: Thermal movements alone are usually not trouble-some.
However, joints in coping and parapets open-out in letting the rain water causing
trouble. Marble slabs show a distinct distortion when subjected to heat. An exposure
of one side of marble slab to heat may cause that side to expand and the slab warps.
On cooling, the slab does not go back to its original shape.

Quantity of Materials
Probably the most straightforward material to estimate for most masonry
construction projects is the units themselves. The most direct means of determining
the number of concrete masonry units needed for any project is to simply determine
the total square footage of each wall and divide by the surface area provided by a
single unit specified for the project.

As an example below on how to make hollow blocks, the quantity depends on

the job requirement.

Steps on how to make hollow blocks manually

Procedure:
1. Measure the materials using the measuring can.
2. Mix 4 parts sand with 4 parts cement thoroughly.
3. Form a mound and make a circular hole in the middle of the mixture.
4. Pour about ½ of a measure of water into the hole. ...
5. Place the mold in an upright position on a level surface.

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III. Accompanying DepEd Textbook and Educational Sites

TESDA Training Regulation for Masonry NC II, Civil Works (Construction Sector),
Technical Education and Skills Development Authority, Taguig City, Metro
Manila.

TESDA Competency Based Curriculum for Masonry NC II (Construction Sector),

Technical Education and Skills Development Authority, Taguig City, Metro
Manila.

Department of Education, K to 12 BEC Industrial Arts – Masonry (NC II) Curriculum

Guide, May 2016, Pasig City, Philippines.

Importance of Quality Materials in Construction, Heritage Builders Ltd., accessed

May 31, 2021. http://www.heritagebuilderslimited.co.uk/importance-of-quality-
materials-in-construction/#:~:text=Safety,entire%20design's%2 0integrity%20is
%20increased.

How to Check Brick Quality?, Amer Adnan, accessed May 31, 2021.
http://www.ameradnan.com/blog/how-to-check-brick-quality/.

Characteristics Of Good Building Stone, BrainKart.com, accessed May 31, 2021.

https://www.brainkart.com/article/Characteristics-Of-Good-Building-
Stone_3576/.

Estimating Concrete Masonry Materials, National NCMA Concrete Masonry

Association, accessed May 31, 2021. https://ncma.org/resource/estimating-
concrete-masonry-materials/.

IV. Activity Proper

Activity 1

Instruction: Read and understand each statement carefully. Write True if the
statement is correct and False if not then change the underlined word/s. Write the
answers on the space provided before the number.

_____ 1. Masonry is generally a highly durable form of construction.

_____ 2. If the scratch doesn't leave any mark or impression on the surface, then it
should be treated as a fine quantity hard brick.
_____ 3. Take two bricks, one in each hand, and then struck them with each other
lightly or one with mason's trowel. If it's a quality brick, it will never break
and produce a clear ringing effect.
_____ 4. A broken stone should not be dull in appearance and should have uniform
texture free from cavities, cracks, and patches of loose or soft material.

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_____ 5. Quality is probably the most straightforward material to estimate for most
masonry construction projects is the units themselves.

Activity 2

Instructions: Identify the correct word in the scrambled letter:

1. YTILAUQ

2. TONES

3. UANQTYTI

4. SONRYMA

5. RICKBS

Guide Questions:

1. Is good quality of materials in masonry important? Why?

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

2. How do you determine the good quality of building stones? Explain.

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

V. Reflection

1. Differentiate between quantity and quality materials.

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

VI. Answer Key

Activity 1
1. True
2. False- Quality
3. False- Sounding
4. True
5. False- Quantity

Activity 2
Students will be assessed based on their answer, performance or skills demonstrated in the activity.