Assemble Electronic ProductsLO2

LEARNING OUTCOME NO.
2 PREPARE / MAKE PCB MODULES
Contents
1. Designing/Preparing PCB
2. Printed Circuit Board Etching
3. Boring Of Etched PCB
Assessment Criteria
1. PCB layout is verified for conformity with the schematic diagram in

accordance with layout rules.
2. PCB layout is transferred to copper-cladded board following acceptable
methods and standards.
3. Visual inspection is performed based on standard procedures.
4. Thru-hole is drilled based on standard procedures.
5. PCB is cleaned based on the standard procedures.
Conditions
The trainees will have access to:
1. Workshop station
2. Working tables, chairs
3. Training Materials (CBLM)
4. Personal Protective Equipment
5. Materials
- Printed circuit board
- Sandpaper,
- pencil ,paper, ruler & permanent marker
- masking tape, ferric chloride
6. Tools and test instruments
- 12 V Mini drill
- Auxiliary tool ( Utility knife, paint brush/ cleaning brush)
Assessment Method:
1. Written
2. Performance/Demonstration
LEARNING EXPERIENCES
Document No.________
ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS DatePrepared: Issued by:
ASSEMBLY & SERVICING May 2016 SJSOF
Prepared by: Page 1 of 27
Assemble Electronic Products
ALEX C. ALLEN
Revision # : ____
LEARNING OUTCOME 2
Prepare /Make PCB Modules
Learning Activities Special Instructions

1. Read Information Sheet 1.2-1 on This Learning Outcome deals with
Designing the Printed Circuit the development of the Institutional
Board Competency Evaluation Tool which
2. Answer Self Check 1.2-1 on trainers use in evaluating their
Designing Printed Circuit Board trainees after finishing a
Compare answers with the competency of the qualification.
Answer Key 1.2-1
3. Perform Job sheet 1.2-1 on
Go through the learning activities
Designing and Preparing Printed
outlined for you on the left column
Circuit Board
to gain the necessary information
4. Evaluate performance using or knowledge before doing the tasks
performance criteria checklist 1.2- to practice on performing the
1 requirements of the evaluation tool.
5. Read Information Sheet 1.2-2 on
Printed Circuit Board Etching
The output of this LO is a
6. Answer Self-Check 1.2-2 on complete Institutional
Printed Circuit Board Etching Competency Evaluation
Compare answers with the Package for one Competency
Answer Key 1.2-2 of Electronic Products Assembly
and Servicing NC II. Your
7. Perform Job sheet 1.2-2 on
output shall serve as one of
Printed Circuit Board Etching.
your portfolio for your
8. Evaluate performance using Institutional Competency
performance criteria checklist Evaluation for Prepare /Make
1.2-2 PCB Modules.
9. Read Information Sheet 1.2-3 on
Boring Etched PCB.
10. Answer Self-Check 1.2-3 on Feel free to show your outputs to
Boring Etched PCB. your trainer as you accomplish
Compare answers with the them for guidance and evaluation.
Answer Key 1.2-3
11. Perform Job Sheet 1.2-3 on After completing all the activities of
ALEX C. ALLEN
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Learning Activities Special Instructions
Boring Etched PCB
this LO, you are ready to proceed to
12. Evaluate performance using the next LO on Mount and Solder
performance criteria checklist 1.2- Electronic components.
3
ALEX C. ALLEN
Revision # : ____
INFORMATION SHEET 1.2-1
Designing the Printed Circuit Board
Learning Objectives:
After reading this Information Sheet, You must be able to:
1. Identify a PCB and its parts.
2. Design a layout of a PCB.
3. Perform Designing and Preparing PCB of power Supply.
Printed Circuit Board
A printed circuit board (PCB) is a copper clad designed (derived from

components connections on schematic diagram), etched, and bored to which
components are inserted into the hole (substrate side) and soldered (copper
side) to form its circuit connection. Its main purpose is to reduce the space
and to troubleshoot easily when problem arises.
The copper clad has conductors that are strips of copper, usually bonded
to a baseboard called substrate. The substrate materials used in a PCB are
phenolic and epoxy plastic. The conductor part of the printed circuit board
where the components terminal leads are soldered is called copper foil.
Designing the Printed Circuit Board
In PCB designing, the focus should be on the types, kinds and

characteristics of the component rather than the size of the pathways.
Different types of circuit should be grouped according to its application
because this will enhance the circuit operation and will prevent it from
distortion generated by other circuits.
ALEX C. ALLEN
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Factors for Printed Circuit Board Designing
1. PCB size and shape

The PCB must be big enough for the entire component to be mounted
on a specific area.
2. Position of the terminal

Input, output and supply voltage should be placed near the boarder
to facilitate possible troubleshooting or minor repair.
3. Accessibility of components
Those components that are adjustable or variable should be placed
near the border to facilitate possible troubleshooting or minor
repair if needed.
4. Space for bolt and nut

A good space for mounting the PCB with bolt and nut in securing
the entire board to the chassis.
Characteristics of a Good Printed Circuit Board Design ( 4 C’s)
1. Clean. It should be clean so that the representation of the

of the schematic diagram is easy to mark and easy
to troubleshoot.
2. Compressed. Reducing the size for space saving in chassis.
3. Creative in Design. There is a pattern or image when it is created.
4. Consistency in Component. The component should be well-

arrange in group.
SELF-CHECK 1.2-1
ALEX C. ALLEN
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Directions. Answer the following correctly in a separate sheet of paper.
1. It is a baseboard to which electronic components is mounted and

soldered.
2. It is a thin copper layer which is firmly bonded to an insulating

base material where the component’s terminal leads are soldered.
3. It is the baseboard of the copper-clad where the thin strip of

copper are bonded.
4-5. Name the two types of substrate materials used in a printed

circuit board.
6. Name three factors that needs to be considered in Printed

Circuit Board designing.
ANSWER KEY 1.2-1

ALEX C. ALLEN
Revision # : ____
1. Printed Circuit Board
2. Copper clad
3. Substrate
4. Phenolic
5. Epoxy plastic
6. Clean
Compressed
Creative in Design
Consistency in Component
Job Sheet 1.2-1
ALEX C. ALLEN
Revision # : ____
Designing and Preparing Printed Circuit Board
Directions. Given the resources needed, the students will design and
prepare a PCB of AC-DC Power Supply individually by
following the procedures given. After the activity, the
students output will be graded through the given Performance
Checklist.
Supplies/Materials: Cleaning brush, Cleaning agent, PCB (copper-clad),

Sand paper, pencil and paper, Permanent marker,
ruler, masking tape.
Equipment/Tools: Utility Knife
Procedures:
1. Prepare the schematic diagram of the circuit to be assembled.
2. Prepare a first draft for the arrangement of components considering

the given size of the copper clad.
Note: Actual size of the component should be adapted for

component arrangement and mounting.
3. Interconnect each component based on the schematic diagram

given or provided.
ALEX C. ALLEN
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4. Finalize the arrangement/ orientation of components. Interconnect
the components for final design.
5. Trace the reverse side of the designed PCB by using a carbon

paper and marked it on the copper side of the clad board.
6. Use a high point permanent marker for marking. Do the marking

three times.
7. Using a masking tape, cover the entire copper side and transfer
the design on it. Cut the design and leave the transferred design.
Be careful not to shorten each line marking.
ALEX C. ALLEN
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Performance Criteria Checklist 1.2-1
Designing and Preparing Printed Circuit Board

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Directions: Read the criteria in the box. These boxes will be checked
according to your performance.
CRITERIA YES NO
1. A schematic diagram of the circuit is shown /prepared.
2 The electronic components are arranged accordingly.
3. Each component is interconnected based on the

schematic diagram of the circuit.
4. Traced/Transferred the design using a permanent

marker or a masking tape.
5. The PCB design is with the 4C’s (clean, compressed,

creative, consistent) component side was modified.

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1. Define what is etching.
2. Identify tools and material used in etching.
3. Perform PCB etching of the AC-DC power supply.
ETCHING
PCB etching is a process where unnecessary copper is removed to leave

individual tracks or connections of the circuit. It is the removal of
unnecessary portion or layer of conductive material (copper) bonded to an
insulating base called substrate.
Buckets, bubble tanks and spray machines are tools used for various ways
of etching. However most firms currently use high pressure conveyors spray
equipment. Spray equipment is fast.
Many different chemical solutions can be used to etch circuit boards ranging
from slow controlled speed etches used for surface preparation to the faster
etches used for etching the tracks. Some are best used in horizontal sprays
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process equipment while others are best used in tanks. Ferric Chloride
solution liquefies the uncovered surfaces of the designed copper clad board
that create a PCB through chemical reaction.
Almost all etching solutions liberate toxic corrosive fumes. Extraction is
highly recommended. All etchants are corrosive and toxic mainly due to high
metal content. Personal Protective Equipment (P.P.E.) must always be used.
Used solutions should always be disposed properly so that it won’t pollute
local sewage works and rivers.
Tools and Materials Needed in PCB Etching
1. Designed Copper Clad

(Printed Circuit Board)
2. Ferric Chloride
The quantity of ferric chloride solution will
depend upon the area of the PCB.
3. Plastic basin
-it where the ferric chloride is filled during
etching.
4. Popsicle sticks
- it is used for hauling the designed PCB
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during the etching process.
5. Old newspaper
- it is placed under the plastic basin for
prevention of accidental spill of
chemical over the table.
6. Apron
7. Piece of cloth
8. Plastic varnish
9. Lacquer thinner
10. Surgical gloves
11. Utility Knife
SELF-CHECK 1.2-2
Directions. Read each statement carefully and select the letter of the
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correct answer. Write it on a separate sheet of paper.
1. It is a chemical process of removing the unwanted part of the PCB.

a. etching c. designing
b. boring d. assembling
2. A solution that liquefies the uncovered surfaces of the designed
copper clad board.
a. solder c. varnish
b. plastic basin d. ferric chloride
3. It is the copper clad designed, etched and bored to which components
are inserted into the hole and soldered to form its circuit protection.
a. breadboard c. printed circuit board
b. strip board d. terminal
4. Which of the following is not a Personal Protective Equipment used
in etching?
a. mask c. apron
b. head dress d. goggles
5. It is where the ferric chloride is filled during etching process.
a. old newspaper c. popsicle sticks
b. apron d. plastic basin
ANSWER KEY 1.2-2
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1. A
2. D
3. C
4. B
5. D
JOB SHEET 1.2-2

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Directions. Given the resources needed, perform the procedure in
PCB Etching to produce a PCB of AC-DC power supply.
The students will perform individually and will be guided
by the procedures/steps given in PCB etching. Observe
safety at all times. Students will be rated through
Assessment Criteria Checklist 2.2.Each student will be
given 20 minutes. Etching should be done simultaneously.
Supplies/Materials: PCB, ferric chloride, newspaper, plastic basin,

Apron, mask, gloves, piece of cloth, goggles, soap,
Popsicle sticks, lacquer thinner, plastic varnish.
Equipments/tools: utility knife
Procedures: 1. Prepare the necessary tools and materials needed.
2. Wear your apron, surgical gloves, goggles and mask in order

to prevent accidental splash of the solution on your clothes,
eyes and on skin. Make sure the area is well-ventilated
because the chemicals will produce hazardous fumes.
3. Pour the ferric chloride into the plastic basin.
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4. Etched the PCB by immersing it in a basin with ferric chloride
until the uncovered part of the copper clad it totally etched.
5. After 10-15 minutes, check the PCB if all the parts needed to be
removed are totally etched (using two popsicle sticks). If there are
still unnecessary copper, return it to its plastic basin filled with
ferric chloride and check it again after 3-15 minutes.
6. Haul the PCB from the plastic basin and wash with running
water to remove the remaining etching solution and other
residues.
7. Dry the PCB with a clean piece of cloth.
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8. Pour a little amount of lacquer thinner on a dry piece of cloth.
9. Aided by bright light, inspect the PCB for possible hairline break
or short. If there is a hairline between the copper conductors,
cut it by a knife or cutter. If there is a break between the copper
solder it.
10. Apply plastic varnish to the newly etched PCB to prevent

Corrosion or rust and let it dry for a couple of minutes.

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Points
Criteria 5 4 3 2 1 Rating
Workmanship
(Design & Connections)
(Followed the steps accordingly)

Proper Use Of Tools
(Used tools and materials in

right task)
Use of Personal Protective
Equipment
(Used PPE during the whole

Activity)
Speed
(Finished within the time)

Proper Housekeeping
(Neat and presentable output)
Boring of Etched PCB
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1. Define Boring
2. Determine steps in Boring the PCB.
3. Perform Boring in the Etched PCB.
Boring
Boring is a process of making holes or drilling holes on a designed copper

clad or printed circuit board. The holes that were made or drilled using the
mini is where the components terminal leads are placed to make proper
connections. Most of the sizes of these holes are from 1/32” – 1/16”.
In boring or drilling holes in the printed circuit board for electronic

components, one must consider using a mini drill with a drill bit of size
1mm in diameter and makes sure to set up the mini drill first before using
by inserting a drill bit to the chuck of the unit and securing it by tightening
the jaw of the unit.
To use the mini drill, one must make sure to control the unit by holding the
mini drill at the lower part and should position the arm firmly. With the
mini drill held perpendicular to your work surface, lightly press down
forward to the holes to be drilled in the Printed circuit board. Always be sure
that the PCB has a piece of wood under it to avoid damaging to the table
and to wear Personal Protective Equipment for safety.
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SELF-CHECK 1.2-3
Directions. Answer the following correctly in a separate sheet of paper.
1. How will you control the mini drill while using it?
2. What is the proper size requirement for a drill bit if you task
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is to bore holes for components?
3. What should be the proper position of your mini drill with respect
to your working surface while drilling?
4. Why is it necessary to mark the holes before boring the PCB?
ANSWER KEY 1.2-3
1. To control the unit, hold the mini drill at the lower part.
2. The proper size is 1mm in diameter.
3. The mini drill should be in perpendicular to your working surface.
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4. To ensure proper location of holes for the components terminal.
Job Sheet 1.2-3

Title: Boring Etched PCB
Directions. Given the resources needed, you should be able to perform
the operation in boring the designed PCB. Follow the
procedure and observe safety precautions at all times .The
students will be graded according to the output(finished
product) using rubrics.
Supplies/Materials: PCB plastic basin, goggles, piece of wood.
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Equipments/tools: 12 V mini drill with power supply.
Procedures:
1. Mini Drill Set up

a. Loosen the chuck by using a precision screwdriver and change the
drill bit. This is done in a counter clockwise movement.
b. Insert the drill bit 1mm diameter in size and attach it to the chuck of
the unit.
c. Turn the precision screwdriver clockwise to tighten the jaw of the
unit. Be sure that the drill bit is well secured on the chuck.
d. Before inserting the 12 Volts adaptor, you should turn off the unit.
e. Test the rotation of the unit if it is well aligned. If not, align it
following steps a and b.
2. Boring Procedure
a. Mark where the holes are to be drilled. This is to ensure proper
location of holes for the components terminal. Carefully mark the
holes to be drilled with a pointed object.
b. Using the mini drill, bore hole perpendicularly to the surface of the
PCB with arrow marking.
c. Clean the surface of the PCB and look for an open line or short
circuit.
d. Apply varnish on the clad surface to prevent it from corrosion.
3. Check your output against the performance checklist.
4. Call the trainer to check your output.
Assessment Method:
Demonstration using performance criteria checklist
CRITERIA YES NO
1. Prepared/Made printed circuit board modules
2. Thru-hole is drilled based on standards procedures
3. PCB is cleaned based on standards procedures
4. Functionality of PCB is tested and visual inspection is
performed based on standards procedures
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References:
Technology and Livelihood Education

ELECTRONICS IV
Authors: Ramon S. Lacanilao

Orlino R. Balaoing
Practical Electronics
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Author: Marconi S. Pagarigan
Http://www.Electronics.com
www.bing.com/images
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LEARNING OUTCOME NO.

2 PREPARE / MAKE PCB MODULES

1. PCB layout is verified for conformity with the schematic diagram in

The trainees will have access to:

6. Tools and test instruments

Learning Activities Special Instructions

Designing the Printed Circuit Board

Printed Circuit Board

A printed circuit board (PCB) is a copper clad designed (derived from

Designing the Printed Circuit Board

In PCB designing, the focus should be on the types, kinds and

1. PCB size and shape

2. Position of the terminal

4. Space for bolt and nut

Characteristics of a Good Printed Circuit Board Design ( 4 C’s)

1. Clean. It should be clean so that the representation of the

2. Compressed. Reducing the size for space saving in chassis.

3. Creative in Design. There is a pattern or image when it is created.

4. Consistency in Component. The component should be well-

1. It is a baseboard to which electronic components is mounted and

2. It is a thin copper layer which is firmly bonded to an insulating

3. It is the baseboard of the copper-clad where the thin strip of

4-5. Name the two types of substrate materials used in a printed

6. Name three factors that needs to be considered in Printed

ANSWER KEY 1.2-1

Job Sheet 1.2-1

Supplies/Materials: Cleaning brush, Cleaning agent, PCB (copper-clad),

Equipment/Tools: Utility Knife

2. Prepare a first draft for the arrangement of components considering

Note: Actual size of the component should be adapted for

3. Interconnect each component based on the schematic diagram

5. Trace the reverse side of the designed PCB by using a carbon

6. Use a high point permanent marker for marking. Do the marking

Designing and Preparing Printed Circuit Board

1. A schematic diagram of the circuit is shown /prepared.

2 The electronic components are arranged accordingly.

3. Each component is interconnected based on the

4. Traced/Transferred the design using a permanent

5. The PCB design is with the 4C’s (clean, compressed,

INFORMATION SHEET 1.2-2

Printed Circuit Board Etching

PCB etching is a process where unnecessary copper is removed to leave

Tools and Materials Needed in PCB Etching

1. Designed Copper Clad

10. Surgical gloves

11. Utility Knife

1. It is a chemical process of removing the unwanted part of the PCB.

ANSWER KEY 1.2-2

JOB SHEET 1.2-2

Printed Circuit Board Etching

Supplies/Materials: PCB, ferric chloride, newspaper, plastic basin,

Equipments/tools: utility knife

Procedures: 1. Prepare the necessary tools and materials needed.

2. Wear your apron, surgical gloves, goggles and mask in order

3. Pour the ferric chloride into the plastic basin.

7. Dry the PCB with a clean piece of cloth.

10. Apply plastic varnish to the newly etched PCB to prevent

Performance Criteria Checklist 1.2-2

Printed Circuit Board Etching

(Followed the steps accordingly)

(Used tools and materials in

(Used PPE during the whole

(Finished within the time)