Jharkhand

SFP 2020-21: Jharkhand
Index
Sl. No. Particulars Page No.
1 Appendix A - Broad Sector-wise Projection: 2020-21
2 Appendix B - Sub Sector-wise Projection: 2020-21
3 Executive Summary i-vii
4 Chapter 1 - State Profile 1-5
5 Chapter 2 - Banking Profile 6-17
Chapter 3 - NABARD’s perception on the development

6 18-26
perspective of the State
7 Chapter 4 - Potential Credit Outlay 27-81
8 Chapter 5 - Infrastructure Support 82-90
9 Chapter 6 - High-Tech Agriculture Practices 91-94
ANNEXURES
10 Annexure I - District-wise, Sector-wise PLP projections 95-96
Annexure II - Agency-wise, Broad sector-wise flow of Ground

11 97
Level Credit
12 Annexure III - Critical Infrastructure support to be provided 98-107
Annexure IV - Critical Interventions required in various

13 108-114
sectors/sub-sectors
14 List of Abbreviations 115-118

List of Tables
Table 1.1 Agro-climatic Sub Zones of Jharkhand 2
Table 1.2 Details of working population in Jharkhand vs all India 3

Area and production of major crops of Jharkhand (2015-16 to
Table 1.3 4
2017-18)
Productivity (kg/ha) of major crops of Jharkhand (2015-16 to
Table 1.4 4
2017-18) vis-à-vis all India
Table 2.1 Performance of Banking Sector in Jharkhand 7
Broad sector wise GLC flow under Priority Sector in Jharkhand
Table 2.2 10
during last three years
Agency wise credit flow for Agriculture sector during 2016-17 to
Table 2.3 10
2018-19 in Jharkhand
Agency wise credit flow under MSME during last three years in
Table 2.4 11
Jharkhand
Recovery of agriculture credit in Jharkhand during last three
Table 2.5 13
years
Table 2.6 CD Ratio of banks in Jharkhand during last 3 years 14
Details of candidates trained in RSETIs and credit linked in
Table 2.7 14
Jharkhand during last 3 years
Details of Financial and Digital Literacy programmes conducted
Table 2.8 15
in Jharkhand (as on 31 March 2019)
Coverage of Sub Service Area (SSA) by BCs (Bank Mitras) under
Table 2.9 16
PMJDY
Status of enrolment under PMJJBY, PMSBY and APY in
Table 2.10 16
Jharkhand
Table 2.11 Status of implementation of PMMY in Jharkhand 17
Progress of SHG-Bank linkage Programme- Jharkhand and All
Table 3.1 21
India
Table 3.2 SHG Loan Disbursement during 2018-19 and Target for 2019-20 21
Table 4.1 Major Vegetables Producing Districts of Jharkhand 37

Details of FPO promoted under PRODUCE Fund by NABARD in
Table 4.2 62
Jharkhand
Details of FPO promoted under PODF-ID by NABARD in
Table 4.3 62
Jharkhand
Table 4.4 Distribution of Principal Characteristics of MSME sector 64
Table 5.1 Infrastructure Index of Jharkhand 82

Cumulative Financial Assistance under RIDF Tranche III-XXIV as
Table 5.2 88
on 31 December 2019
List of Graphs
Fig. 2.1 Bank branch network in Jharkhand 8

Fig. 2.2 ATM network in Jharkhand-Agency wise 8
GLC flow for priority sector in Jharkhand during last 3
Fig. 2.3 9
years
GLC flow for Non-Priority Sector in Jharkhand during
Fig. 2.4 9
last three years
Agency wise GLC flow for crop loan in Jharkhand during
Fig. 2.5 12
last three years
List of Boxes
Box 1 Jharkhand at a Glance 1

NABARD’s Policy for Development of Bee-keeping Value
Box 4.1 40
Chain
National Adaptation Fund for Climate Change (NAFCC)
Box 4.2 41
and Green Climate Fund
Box 4.3 Policy for Value Chain Development of Bamboo Sector 43
Box 4.4 Details of Livestock Population in Jharkhand 44
Box 4.5 Infrastructure for Dairy development in Jharkhand 44
Box 4.6 NABFPO Portal 63
Box 4.7 Joint Liability Groups 80
Appendix A
Broad Sector wise projections 2020-21

Projection
Sl. No. Sector (₹ in crore)
Crop Loan (Crop Production, Maintenance 7044.57
a
and Marketing)
b Term Loan for Agriculture and Allied Activities 3227.55
1 Total Farm Credit 10272.12
2 Agriculture Infrastructure 524.66
3 Agriculture Ancillary Activities 355.58
Total Agriculture Credit 11152.36
4 Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises 11304.16
5 Export Credit 80.64
6 Education 1154.75
7 Housing 2253.73
8 Renewable Energy 90.64
9 Loan to SHGs/JLGs and others 770.70
10 Social Infrastructure involving Bank Credit 213.82
Total Priority Sector 27020.81
Renewable Energy Loan to SHGs/JLGs Social Infrastructure

0.34% 2.85%
Housing 0.79%
8.34%
Education Crop Loan
4.27% 26.07%
Export Credit
0.30%
Term Loan for Agri

Micro, Small and and Allied Activities
Medium Enterprises 11.94%
41.84% Agri Ancillary
Agri Infrastructure
Activities
1.94%
1.32%
Appendix B
Sub-sector wise Projections 2020-21

(₹ in crore)
Sl. Particulars Projections

No. 2020-21
I Credit Potential for Agriculture
A Farm Credit
i Crop Production, Maintenance and Marketing 7044.57
ii Water Resources 546.63
iii Farm Mechanisation 679.73
iv Plantation and Horticulture including Sericulture 315.40
v Forestry and Waste Land Development 72.41
vi Animal Husbandry - Dairy 797.15
vii Animal Husbandry - Poultry 308.58
viii Animal Husbandry - Sheep, Goat, Piggery, etc. 257.13
ix Fisheries 208.01
x Farm Credit-Others (Bullocks, Carts, Two Wheelers, etc.) 42.52
Sub Total 10272.12
B Agriculture Infrastructure
i Construction of storage facilities (Warehouses, Market yards, 300.81
Godowns, Silos, Cold storage units/Cold chains)
ii Land Development, Soil Conservation and Watershed Development 135.15
iii Agri Infrastructure- Others (Tissue culture, Agri bio-technology, Seed 88.70
production, Bio pesticides/fertilizers, Vermi composting)
Sub Total 524.66
C Agriculture -Ancillary activities
i Food and Agro Processing 273.35
ii Agri Ancillary Activities - Others (Agri Clinic & Agri Business Centres, 82.23
Loans to PACS /FSS/LAMPS, Loans to MFIs for on lending)
Sub Total 355.58

Total Agriculture 11152.36
II Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
i MSME - Working capital 4254.68
ii MSME - Investment credit 7049.49
Total MSME 11304.17
III Export Credit 80.64
IV Education 1154.75
V Housing 2253.73
VI Renewable Energy 90.64
VII Others (Informal Credit delivery System) 770.70
VIII Social Infrastructure involving bank credit 213.82
Total Priority Sector 27020.81
Map of Jharkhand
Executive Summary
1. Introduction
NABARD has been preparing district wise Potential-linked Credit Plans (PLPs) with an
objective to assess the credit potential keeping in view the sector specific physical
potential, infrastructure support, forward & backward linkages, and credit absorption
capacity of the district. The document guides the banks to prepare Annual Credit Plan and
the State Government to frame suitable policy guidelines and infrastructure plan to realize
the potential envisaged. The PLPs of all districts are aggregated to form State Focus Paper.
The State Focus Paper (SFP) presents the credit potential in the priority sector of the rural
economy of the State for the year 2020-21.
2. Theme of the SFP 2020-21
The Govt. of India has set the target of doubling farmers’ income by 2022. For increasing
farmers income, seven sources of income growth have been identified i.e. improvement in
crop and livestock production, increase in cropping intensity, diversification towards high
value crops, improvement in real prices received by farmers and shift from farm to non-
farm occupation. In this context, hi-tech agriculture contributes directly to the first five
identified sources of income. Considering its importance, the theme of this year State
Focus Paper is “Hi-Tech Agriculture Practices”. The hi-tech agriculture is
characterized by attributes like innovative, mechanised, minimum labour involvement,
high efficiency, imported technology, export potential, etc. Some of the hi-tech agriculture
practices relevant to the State and having potential for productivity enhancement and
investment are protected cultivation under green house, hydroponics, aeroponics, vertical
farming, etc.
3. State Profile
With a geographical area of 79.714 lakh ha, which is 2.42% of total geographical area of
country, Jharkhand is the 15th largest State in the country. As per 2011 Census of India,
Jharkhand is the 14th largest State in terms of population having total population of
329.88 lakh (2.7% of India’s total population) with a decadal growth of 22.34%. The State
consists of 24 districts and is divided into 5 administrative divisions. Jharkhand is rich in
natural resources like minerals and forests. Jharkhand is known for its mineral wealth
(40% of India) ranging from iron and copper ore, asbestos, uranium, mica to coal,
thorium, bauxite, gold, graphite and manganese, limestone, china clay, fire clay, silver,
etc. The major industries located in the State are Iron & Steel, Automobile, Fertilizers,
Chemicals and Cement. Jharkhand has a significant chunk of its land mass covered with
forests comprising 29.20% (23.28 lakh hectare) of the total geographical area.
The real Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) of Jharkhand is estimated to be ₹2,21,587
crore in the financial year 2018-19. The real and nominal per capita GSDP are estimated
to be ₹59,384.00 and ₹76,806.00, respectively, in the year 2018-19. The real GSDP of
Jharkhand is estimated to grow by 6.8 per cent and the nominal GSDP by 10.4 per cent in
the year 2018-19.
The total cultivable land in the State is 38 lakh ha i.e. 48% of the Total Geographical Area
(TGA). The net sown area is only 28.36 lakh ha i.e. 36% of TGA. The major crops of the
State are paddy, maize and pulses. Oilseeds, wheat & millets are grown in a few pockets.
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The production of vegetables is high and surplus in the State but there is lack of post-
harvest management facilities including shortage of cold storage facilities, sorting, grading
& processing units, etc. The average land holding of the State is 1.17 ha. The share of land
holdings of small and marginal farms to the total holdings is 83% covering 37% of the
operational area. The State is a potential hub for horticulture, medicinal & aromatic plants
and organic farming.
4. Banking Profile
The credit delivery system in the State operates through a network of Commercial Banks,
Regional Rural Banks, Cooperative Banks and Small Finance Banks. There are 3156 bank
branches of 21 Public Sector Banks, 13 Private Sector Commercial Banks, RRB, Coop.
Banks and 4 Small Finance Banks in the State having 48% rural, 25% semi-urban and 27%
urban branches operating as on 31 March 2019. Besides, there are 4394 PACS and LAMPS
serving at the grass root level in rural areas. Bank of India is the convenor of the State
Level Bankers’ Committee (SLBC). Total deposit in the Scheduled Commercial Banks of
the State is ₹218100.64 crore and total credit is ₹125027.57 crore as on 31.03.2019. The
CD ratio of the State is 57.33% as on 31.03.2019. Gross Non-Performing Assets (GNPA) is
5.98%. 3223 ATMs are installed in the State.
5. Sectoral Trends in Credit Flow

Total advances disbursed in the State during the year 2018-19 was ₹27027.28 crore.
Credit flow to priority sectors was ₹15282.44 crore (56.54% of total advances). Total
advances to agriculture sector was ₹3824.82 crore (14.15% of total advances), advances to
MSME sector was ₹9285.95 crore (34.35% of total advances) and advances to Other
Priority Sector was ₹2171.67 crore (8% of total advances).
The credit flow to agriculture sector has witnessed an increase from ₹3757.56 crore in
2017-18 to ₹3824.82 in 2018-19 i.e. increment of 1.79%., the credit flow under MSME has
declined from ₹10337.95 crore to ₹9285.95 crore during the same period. The overall
achievement under priority sector has witnessed a decline 0f 5.82 % from ₹16227.98 crore
in 2017-18 to ₹15282.44 crore in 2018-19. The total disbursement in KCC accounts during
2018-19 stands at ₹2396.22 crore whereas the total outstanding is at ₹6895.17 crore as on
31 March 2019. CD ratio of the State has declined from 60.31% as on 31 March 2018 to
57.33% as on 31 March 2019.
6. Projected Credit Potential for the year 2020-21

The credit potential for the priority sector in the State has been projected at ₹27020.80
crore for the year 2020-21, with an increase of 13.78% from the year 2019-20. Out of the
total credit potential for priority sector, an amount of ₹11152.36 crore (41.27 % of total
priority sector credit potential) has been assessed for agriculture sector, an increase of
7.10% over the projection for 2019-20. Out of total agricultural credit projection of
₹11152.36 crore, the potential for crop loans comprise of ₹7044.57 crore (63.16% of total
agricultural credit) and agri term loans for allied activities comprise of ₹3227.55 crore
(29% of total agricultural credit). The agriculture infrastructure and ancillary activities
credit potential is projected at ₹880.24 crore (8% of total agricultural credit). The credit
potential for MSME is estimated at ₹11304.16 crore (41.83 % of total priority sector credit
potential), an increase of 27.20% over the projection for 2019-20. Other priority sector
comprising of housing, education, export credit, renewable energy, loans to SHGs/JLGs
ii
and social infrastructure is projected at ₹4564.28 crore (16.90% of the total priority sector
credit potential), an increase of 2.60% over the projection for 2019-20.
7. Sector wise Issues & Suggestions

7.1 Agriculture
As per NABARD All India Financial Inclusion Survey (NAFIS) 2016-17, the income levels
of farmers for Jharkhand are far below the national average and the lowest among 29
States covered in the survey. The farmers in the State reported an average income and
surplus of ₹5,854/- and ₹310/-, respectively, per household per month. Low level of the
absolute income of farm households is inadequate for supporting them throughout the
year. Thus, special measures and State specific action plans are required to double their
income within a specified time span. Capital formation in agriculture is required to enable
farmers to use their resources more productively and realize the long term sustainable
growth. PACS may be strengthened to act as Multi Service Centres for meeting the credit
and non-credit inputs and marketing needs of farmers.
About 90% of the cultivated area in the State is used for production of food grains and
only 4 to 6% of the land is used for growing cash crops. About 80% of the cultivated area is
used for single crop of paddy (kharif) in a year and rest 20% of the area is used for more
than one crop i.e. mostly vegetables. Systematic diversification towards pulses, oilseeds
and other higher value crops requiring low input and integrated farming system of crop,
livestock and fisheries may be planned for increasing farmers’ income. For increasing
agriculture production and productivity, the State Govt. has taken major initiatives like
seed production, Vishesh Fasal Yojana, Single Window Centre, Watershed Development,
conversion of fallow land to crop area, etc.
7.2 Irrigation
Water for irrigation is one of the most critical farm inputs to improve agricultural
production/productivity. There is an imminent need for financing of new irrigation
structures (dug wells, bore wells, etc.), pumping systems (conventional and solar power
based), water conservation technologies, etc. The State has total agricultural land of 29.74
lakh ha. While the State has so far created irrigation potential of 10.00 lakh ha, the net
irrigated area in the State is only 5.74 lakh ha, the gap between Irrigation Potential
Created and Irrigation Potential Utilized needs to be bridged. The Head works, Canal
works, Distribution system and CAD works of irrigation project need to be expedited on a
mission mode. NABARD is implementing Integrated Water Management Scheme
covering 3600 ha area in 35 villages of 5 aspirational districts of the State, besides 34
watershed development projects under WDF.
7.3 Farm Mechanisation
Farm mechanisation helps in enhancing cropping intensity, efficient use of inputs,
timeliness of farm operations and reduction of crop losses in different stages of farm
production and post-harvest operations. Custom Hiring Centre (Farm Machinery Bank
and Small Tool Bank) could be established in every Gram Panchayat.
7.4 Plantation & Horticulture including Sericulture
The agro-climatic conditions of the State are conducive for commercial cultivation of
fruits, vegetables, flowers and medicinal & aromatic plants. NABARD is supporting for
iii
development of agri-horticulture based sustainable livelihood model (wadi) in the State.

Total 43 projects have been sanctioned for wadi development in approx. 11000 ha area in
all 24 districts of the State. Encouraging setting up of processing units in collaboration
with private sector under PPP mode would help to strengthen forward linkages for the
growers and reduce post-harvest losses. Aggregation of farmers to FPOs will help farmers
to source inputs at lower cost and take part in the forward linkages through supply/value
chains effectively. Jharkhand ranks first in the production of Tasar silk and produces
about 70% of the tasar silk in the country. To develop post-cocoon activities, Common
Facility Centers (CFCs) may be established, where facility of reeling machines and other
necessary equipment are provided for Tasar silk reeling. Apiculture is yet another activity
which can provide supplementary income to farmers especially those area which are in the
fringes of forest land/ tribal areas. NABARD has prepared a comprehensive policy for
development of Bee-Keeping value chain for sustainable development and increasing the
income of farmers.
7.5 Forestry & Wasteland Development
Total wastelands in the State is 11.67 lakh ha (14.64% of the total geographical area).
Planned efforts are needed for their rehabilitation. Afforestation activities like
agroforestry, silviculture and social forestry should be adopted to protect agricultural
lands from further deterioration arising out of degradation processes. Afforestation on
degraded and wastelands should be given priority.
Bamboo cultivation and its value chain is another avenue which needs to be harnessed by
the State through dedicated efforts. NABARD has prepared a policy for value chain
development of Bamboo sector, for which there is immense potential in the State. The
NAFCC project on “Enhancing climate resilience of forests and its dependent
communities” covering two landscapes in Patratu block of Ramgarh district and
Narayanpur block of Jamtara district is being implemented with total financial assistance
of ₹24.73 crore, benefitting more than 8000 households in 48 villages. NABARD is the
implementing agency for the project.
7.6 Animal Husbandry
Animal Husbandry and Dairying are important sources of livelihood and income
generation activities especially for small and marginal farmers, women and landless
people in Jharkhand. There is abundant potential for dairy development in the State,
considering the demand and supply gap and increased population of cattle and buffalo as
per the latest livestock census. The milk production in the State has increased to 21.83
lakh tones. The milk production in the State has been targeted to be increased
progressively to 23.95 lakh MT and also the per capita milk availability to 251 gram per
day by 2020-21 from the current level of 177 gram/day. The climatic conditions of the
State are suitable for commercial poultry farming as also backyard poultry. There is
urgent need to promote poultry layer farming in a large scale to improve egg production
and per capita availability. Sheep, Goat and pig rearing are important subsidiary
occupation in the State in providing additional income to small and marginal farmers and
landless people.
7.7 Fisheries
The fish production in the State has increased significantly in last four years, from 1.45
lakh metric tonnes in 2015-16 to 2.08 lakh metric tonnes in 2018-19. There is strong
iv
domestic demand for fresh water fish in the State and annually more than 40000 tonnes
of freshwater fish are brought from other States to meet the demand and supply gap. The
fish production in the State can be increased by adoption of scientific fish culture in cages,
adoption of new technologies and strengthening of fisheries extension services.
7.8 Agriculture Infrastructure
The State has total storage capacity of 3.68 lakh metric tonnes. Due to absence of value
chain at the various level viz.:- farmers, transporters, wholesalers and retailers, resulting
in wastage which needs to be minimized by improving storage practices and facilities at
each stage including transportation stage to enable farmers to get remunerative prices.
Modernization of Gramin mandis’ with pre-cooling facilities, cleaning, grading and cold
chains of variable temperature levels may be set up in potential horticulture areas.
7.9 Food and Agro Processing
Jharkhand is a vegetable-surplus State and produces around 45 lakh metric tonnes of
vegetables annually against the requirement of 30 lakh metric tonnes. Given the abundant
production in the State, there is a good scope for vegetable and fruit processing units in
the State. Setting up of new cold chain/cold storage or upgradation of existing facilities
may be aggressively promoted. For ensuring focused attention on development of food
processing sector of the State, a comprehensive Food Processing Industries Policy has
been prepared by the State Govt.
7.10 Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
Considering the role of MSMEs in creation of employment opportunities, the government
intends to offer a conducive eco-system and competitive fiscal incentives to MSMEs’
through Jharkhand Industrial and Investment Promotion Policy 2016. More efforts are
needed by agencies like DIC to create awareness amongst the prospective entrepreneurs
about the opportunities in the MSME sector and support/incentives from Govt. for
promoting this activity. Besides implementing Code of Bank’s Commitment to SME as
specified by the Banking Codes and Standards Board of India, public sector banks have
been advised to open at least one specialized branch in each district. Lack of sufficient
collateral is seen as a major roadblock for the micro/small enterprise units (MSEs) in
obtaining credit from the banking system. Keeping this in view, the Government of India
and SIDBI had set up “Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises”
(CGTMSE). On the basis of CGTMSE guidelines, MSE loans up to ₹2 crore are eligible for
a credit guarantee cover, which is extended to those entrepreneurs who have viable
projects/proposals but lack adequate collateral security to offer. There is need for
identifying labour intensive low skill-based modern sectors for massive employment
generation. Industry-led skilling under various schemes such as “Skill India”,
“DDUGKY”, Craftsman Training Schemes (CTS), etc. needs to be upscaled by
establishment of skill development and management centres.
7.11 Education
Through a multipronged approach, the government of Jharkhand has improved the
quality and reach of education in the State at all levels. It has facilitated industry academia
interaction to improve the employability of youth and also taken rapid strides to mitigate
the gender gap in Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER). Banks may tie up with educational and
professional institutions to enable students to avail education loans without any hassle.
Government may study the gaps in its educational infrastructure and bridge the gaps for
v
allowing students to pursue professional courses in the State.

7.12 Housing
Pradhan Mantri Aawas Yojana (PMAY) scheme was launched in 2015 with an aim to build
houses for all by 2022. The financing structure and institutions for rural housing are not
only inadequate but also incredulous in providing loans. Moreover, the collateral and
documentation required to seek loans from the formal financing institutions are difficult
to furnish. Under these circumstances, the rural population end up taking loans from
informal sources such as money lenders at exorbitantly high rates of interest. Specific
issues of rural housing like provision of homestead land, availability of housing amenities,
access to the cheap institutional credits, access to local and cheap raw materials and
technology adequacy, affordability, strengthening of rural housing institutions, skill
development and livelihood promotion, require convergence policy direction for meeting
the ever increasing need of rural households
7.13 Renewable Energy
The major sources of renewable energy in Jharkhand are solar, biomass, wind power and
small hydro. The total installed capacity of solar and wind energy in the State of
Jharkhand is 29.72 MW. Off-grid renewable energy has made progress but the absence of
scalable business model and non-availability of institutional finance have stalled the pace
of progress.
There is a need for relaxing the cap on total and site-based project capacity and providing
a generation-based incentive similar to that provided for grid-connected systems. This
would make the off-grid solar projects bankable
7.14 Micro Credit
As on 31 March 2019, 2.38 lakh SHGs have been savings linked in Jharkhand with a total
deposit of ₹297.19 crore. The total bank loan outstanding is ₹474.74 crore in respect of
90,000 SHGs as on 31 March 2019. During 2018-19, 33000 SHGs were credit linked by
banks in the State with total loan disbursement of ₹276.09 crore. For the year 2019-20,
total loan disbursement of ₹1000 crore is targeted (fresh and repeat finance) covering
75000 SHGs.
8. Rural Infrastructure
Infrastructure is quintessential for economic growth. Physical infrastructure covering
transportation, power and communication through its backward and forward linkages
facilitates growth and credit absorption potential. Whereas, social infrastructure e.g.
drinking water supply, sanitation, sewerage disposal, education, health etc. has a direct
impact on the quality of life.
The Rural Infrastructure Development Fund (RIDF) was set up by the GoI in 1995-96 for
financing ongoing rural Infrastructure projects. The Fund is maintained by NABARD. In
Jharkhand, the State Government has been provided total financial assistance to the tune
of ₹12673.51 crore as on 31 March 2019 under RIDF for various rural Infrastructure
projects e.g. major/medium/minor irrigation, rural roads & bridges, forest development,
animal husbandry, rural drinking water supply and upgrading primary/middle schools,
etc. Out of the 4867 projects sanctioned so far, 4252 projects have been completed as on
date. Out of total projects sanctioned, 1601 are agri related projects including irrigation
with total loan assistance of ₹2501.02 crore (19.73%). The rural connectivity sector
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projects sanctioned are for ₹8914.03 crore (70%) of total sanction in respect of 2017 road
and 114 bridge projects.
In preparation of district wise PLP, emphasis is laid on assessment of critical gaps in

infrastructure development required and prioritization by the State Govt. In the PLPs for
the year 2020-21, NABARD has estimated total investment requirement of ₹320.42 crore
for various infrastructure development in agri and allied activities by the State Govt. The
details are given in Annexure-3.
9. Financial Inclusion
Financial Inclusion is the process of ensuring access to appropriate financial products and
services needed by vulnerable groups such as weaker sections and low-income groups at
an affordable cost in a fair and transparent manner by mainstream financial players.
There are 54 Financial Literacy Centres (FLCs) in the State for creating financial literacy
among the people. As on 31 March 2019, a total of 16788 sensitization programmes have
been conducted for promoting financial literacy. Three mobile vans are provided to JStCB,
Dhanbad DCCB and JRGB (erstwhile VGB) under Financial Inclusion Fund by NABARD
for promotion of financial literacy. EShakti is a flagship programme for digitization of
SHGs being implemented in 100 districts of the country. In the State of Jharkhand, the
programme is being implemented in 7 districts i.e. Ramgarh, Hazaribagh, Bokaro, Chatra,
Giridih, Saraikela-Kharsawan and Ranchi and digitization of 20949 SHGs have been done
so far in 3 phases. In Phase IV of E-Shakti, the programme is being rolled out in 6
additional districts i.e. Garhwa, Palamau, Deoghar, Dumka, Lohardaga and West
Singhbhum. The digitization of 8000 SHGs is planned.
10. Farmer Producers’ Organisation (FPO)
FPOs are legal entities of small and marginal farmers, registered under Companies Act,
2013/Societies Act. For better price realization of produce through economies of scale,
GoI, NABARD and State Govt. are giving huge thrust for promotion of FPOs. Under
PRODUCE fund of GoI and PODF of NABARD, 190 FPOs have been formed in
Jharkhand. These FPOs are being continuously guided by NABARD for scaling up,
business plan development, credit linkage and thus increasing benefit to producer
members.
11. Off- farm Sector
In order to create marketing opportunities for the rural artisans, SHGs, NABARD has
been supporting them to participate in various State and National level melas and
exhibitions both inside and outside the State by way of sponsoring stalls. NABARD is also
supporting for skill development and development of Off farm Producers’ Organisations
(OFPO). In Jharkhand, two OFPOs have been promoted in Lohardaga and Seraikela-
Kharsawan district for systematic skill development, technology upgradation and
marketing support to poor tribal artisans.
*****
vii
STATE PROFILE
STATE - JHARKHAND
1. PHYSICAL & ADMINISTRATIVE FEATURES 2. SOIL & CLIMATE
Total Geographical Area (Sq.km) 79714
No. of Divisions 5 Agro-climatic Zone Eastern Plateau & Hills (Zone 7)
No. of Sub Divisions 38
No. of Districts 24
Climate Moist sub-humid to dry sub -humid
No. of Blocks 263
No. of Villages 368273
Soil Type Red laterite & clay loom, red sandy, red & Yellow
No. of Panchayats 4398
3. LAND UTILISATION [lakh ha] 4. RAINFALL & GROUND WATER
Total Geographical Area 79.71 Normal 2017 2018 2019
Actual
Total Cultivable Area 38.00 Rainfall [in mm] 1296 1165 960 907
Net Sown Area 28.36 Variation from Normal -10% -26% -30%
Current Fallow Land 8.87 Ground Water Resources Net Annual Availability Net Annual Water Draft Balance
Othe Fallow Land 6.75 [BCM] (2009) 5.41 1.06 4.35
Forest Area 23.28 5. DISTRIBUTION OF LAND HOLDING (Agri Census 2015-16)
Barren Land 5.74 Holding Area
Classification of Holding
Area Under Non Agricultural Use 6.86 Nos. % to Total ha % to Total
Pasture and Other Grazing Land 1.97 <= 1 Ha 1962000 70.00 754000.00 24.39
Cultivable Waste Land 2.74 >1 to <=2 Ha 419000 14.95 569000.00 18.41
Irrigated Land 4.48 >2 Ha 422000 15.06 1768000.00 57.20
Cropping Intensity 126.00 Total 2803000 3091000.00
6. WORKERS PROFILE [in lakh] (as per Census 2011) 7. DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE [in lakh] (as per Census 2011)
No. of Workers (Main + Marginal) 68.18+62.79 Category Total Male Female Rural Urban
No. of Cultivators (Main + Marginal) 20.01+18.13 Population 329.88 169.30 160.58 250.55 79.33
No. of Agricultural Labourers (Main + Marginal) 12.38+31.97 Scheduled Caste 39.85 20.43 19.42 31.52 8.32
Workers in Household Industries (Main + Marginal) 02.49+02.06 Scheduled Tribe 86.45 43.15 43.30 78.68 7.76
Other Workers (Main + Marginal) 33.29+10.62 Literacy % 66.41 76.84 55.42 61.11 82.26
Of total workers, no. of female workers (Main + 15.84+30.89
BPL (2011-12 estimates) 120.44 (36.51%) 10.40 (40.84%) 2.02 (24.83%)
Marginal)
8. HOUSEHOLDS [in '000] (as per Census 2011) 9. HOUSEHOLD AMENITIES [for Households] (as per Census 2011)
Total Households 6254 Having brick/stone/concrete houses(Nos. in 10.77 Having electricity supply (%) 32.50
Rural Households 4729 Having source of drinking water(in %) 44.40 Having independent toilets(%) 22.00
Having access to banking services(Nos. in Having radio/tv sets(Nos. in
BPL Households 2283 14.65 21.20
'000) '000)
10. VILLAGE-LEVEL INFRASTRUCTURE [Nos] 11. INFRASTRUCTURE RELATING TO HEALTH & SANITATION [Nos]
Villages Electrified 27462 Anganwadis 38432 Dispensaries 188
Villages having Agriculture Power Supply - Primary Health Centres 327 FRU/Dist./Sub-Div Hospitals 52 / 24 / 12
Total Number of Post Offices (Urban & Rural both) 3096 Primary Health Sub-Centres / MMU 3953/ 95 Medical Colleges 6
Villages having Banking Facilities (incl. BCAs/USBs/PACS/LAM PS) 25698 12. INFRASTRUCTURE & SUPPORT SERVICES FOR AGRICULTURE
Villages having Primary Schools 25812 Fertiliser/Seed/Pesticide Outlets [Nos] - Agriculture Pumpsets[Nos]
Soil Map available (no. of
Villages having Primary Health Centres 327 Fertiliser Consumption [Kg/ha] 2015-16 92 24
districts)
Total Habitations covered with drinking water mission 77338 (64%) Certified Seeds Supplied [kg] 2013-14 160000 Agro Service Centres [Nos]
Villages connected with Paved Approach Roads 11741 Seed Testing Labs 2 Soil Testing Centres [Nos] 8
13. IRRIGATION COVERAGE [Lakh ha] Agriculture Tractors [Nos] 48766 ATMA [Nos] 24
Power Tillers [Nos] 114909 Farmers' Clubs [Nos] 6000
Irrigation Potential Created*** 9.43
Threshers/Cutters [Nos] 19820 KVKs [Nos] 24
Net Irrigated Area (Total area irrigated at least once) 4.48 14. INFRASTRUCTURE FOR STORAGE, TRANSPORT & MARKETING
Area irrigated by Canals / Channels 1.45 Rural/Urban Mandi/Haat [Nos] 608 Regulated Market [Nos] 28
Area irrigated by Tube wells 0.25 Length of Pucca Road [Km] 33024 Godown [Nos] 474
Area irrigated by Tanks 1.03 Length of Railway Line [Km] 1984 Godown Capacity[MT] 240750
Public Transport Vehicle [Nos] (upto July
Area irrigated by wells/Other Sources 1.75 457746 Cold Storage [Nos] 45
2012)
Goods Transport Vehicle [Nos] (upto July
Irrigation Potential Utilized (Gross Irrigated Area) 7.00 147685 Cold Store Capacity[MT] 170148
2012)
15. STATE ECONOMIC PARAMETERS 16. AREA, PRODUCTION & YIELD OF MAJOR CROPS
Amount(Rs. %age of All-India
2016-17 2017-18
In lakh) Status Avg. Yield for 02
Crop
Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) at 22107948 yrs [kg/ha]
1.58 Area (ha) Prod. (MT) Area (ha) Prod. (MT)
current price for 2018-19
Share of Primary Sector in GSDP 5831531 2.61 Paddy 1707000 4848000 1735000 5109000 2923
Share of Secondary Sector in GSDP 6876561 2.02 Maize 286000 573000 284000 567000 2000
Share of Tertiary Sector in GSDP 9399856 1.96 Wheat 221000 470000 221000 470000 2126
Per capita income at current price (2018- 0.76 67.38 Pulses 805000 844000 793000 884000 1069
Oilseeds 361000 264000 411000 299000 736
Total 3380000 6999000 3444000 7329000 2117
17. ANIMAL POPULATION AS PER CENSUS 2012 [in '000] 18. INFRASTRUCTURE FOR DEVELOPMENT OF ALLIED ACTIVITIES
Category of animal Total Male Female Veterinary Hospitals/Dispensaries [Nos] 451**
Cattle - Cross bred 306.98 50.81 256.17 Disease Diagnostic Centres [Nos] 1 Govt. Fish Farms 80
Fishermen Coop Societies
Cattle - Indigenous 13215.61 4485.53 8730.08 Artificial Insemination Centers [Nos]
[Nos]
1193* 401
Buffaloes 1757.51 571.57 1185.94 Animal Breeding Farms [Nos] 4# Fish Seed hatcheries [Nos] 111
Sheep - Cross bred 8.38 3.74 4.64 Animal Husbandry Tng Centres [Nos] 1 Fish Markets [Nos] 1
Sheep - Indigenous 574.54 220.60 353.94 Dairy Cooperative Societies [Nos] 1601 Poultry hatcheries [Nos] 4
Fish Training / Research
Goat 6581.44 2212.00 4369.44 Milk Chilling Centre 18 2
Centres
State Milk Producers Coop
Pig - Cross bred 41.74 22.43 19.31 Milk Processing Plants 10 1
Federation (MILKFED)
Pig - Indigenous 920.62 427.59 493.03 Improved Fodder Farms [Area in ha] 220 Slaughter houses [Nos] 1
Horse/Donkey/Camel 6.09 3.96 2.13 19. MILK, FISH, EGG PRODUCTION & THEIR PER CAPITA AVAILABILITY
Poultry - Cross bred /
13559.53 NA NA Fish Production [lakh MT] 2014-15 Per cap avail. [gm/day]
Indigenous 1.16 19.42
Total Livestock 18052.75 NA NA Egg Production [lakh No.] 2015-16 4833 Per cap avail. [nos/p.a.] 16
Milk Production [Lakh MT] 2015-16 18.12 Per cap avail. [gm/day] 171
Meat Production [Lakh MT] 2015-16 0.50 Per cap avail. [gm/day] 5
***Minor Irrigation Potential Created 5.41 and Major and Medium Irrigation Potential Created 2.34 lakh ha; ** Including 4 Mobile Vet Hospitals; * including 760 DCDC run by BAIF; # Including 01 Bull Rearing Farm
Sources : Item Nos. 1, 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10 – Census 2011, Planning Commission Poverty Estimates 2011-12, GoJ/SLBC; Item Nos. 2, 3, 12, 13, 14 & 16 - Dept. of Agr/Dir. of Eco. & Stat/Draft Annual Plan, GoJ, Jhar State
Agri Mktg Board; Item No. 4 - Dept. of Agr./Water Resources; Item No. 11-DoH&FW, GoJ; Item No. 15 - Draft Annual Plan 2012-13, GoJ.; Item No. 16 - DA&SD, GoJ; Item No. 17, 18, 19 - Jhar AH Census 2007/Annual
Plan 2011-12/2012-13/2014-15, Dir. of Animal Hus., GoJ/Dir. of Eco. & Stat., GoJ, Railway year book 2011; DoSW, GoJ; Item Nos. 1, 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10 - Census 2011; india.water.gov.in; Item no. 5 – Agri Census 2010-11; 3
– SAMETI Jharkhand website.
Chapter 1
State Profile
With a geographical area of 79.714 lakh ha, which is 2.42% of total geographical area of
country, Jharkhand is the 15th largest State in the country. Jharkhand “The land of Forest”
shares its border with the States of Bihar to the north, Uttar Pradesh to the northwest,
Chhattisgarh to the west, Odisha to the south and West Bengal to the east. The State was
carved out of Bihar on 15th November 2000. The city of Ranchi is its capital whereas other
major cities in the State are Jamshedpur, Bokaro, Dhanbad and Hazaribagh. The State falls
between 22°00'N to 24°37'N latitude and 83°15'E to 87°01'E longitude. Mighty rivers like
Damodar, Sone and Subarnarekha originate from the State. By 2020-21, Jharkhand aims to
be the among the top 10 States in the country in HDI ranking, moving from its current position
in the bottom 10 (Source: Jharkhand Vision and Action Plan 2021). The State has 19 districts
identified under transformation of aspirational
districts programme.
The State consists of 24 districts and is divided
into 5 administrative divisions as given below.
Box 1: Jharkhand at a Glance
➢ South Chhotanagpur comprising 5 • Districts -24

districts - Ranchi, Khunti, Simdega,
• Sub-divisions - 38
Gumla and Lohardaga.
• Developmental Blocks -263
➢ North Chhotanagpur comprising 7
• Panchayats - 4398
districts - Hazaribagh, Ramgarh,
Chatra, Koderma, Giridih, Bokaro and • Villages - 36827
Dhanbad. • Urban local bodies - 50
➢ Kolhan comprising 3 districts - East Municipal Corporation- 9
Singhbhum, West Singhbhum and Nagar Parishad -21
Saraikela-Kharsawan. Nagar Panchayat -19
➢ Palamau comprising 3 districts - Notified Area - 1
Palamau, Garhwa and Latehar.
➢ Santhal Parganas comprising 6
districts - Sahebganj, Pakur, Jamtara,
Deoghar, Dumka and Godda.
Demographic Profile
As per 2011 Census of India, Jharkhand is the 14th largest State in terms of population having
total population of 329.88 lakh (2.7% of India’s total population) with a decadal growth of
22.34%. Of the total population, rural population is 250.55 lakh (75.95%). The population
density per sq. km is at 414. The STs and SCs constitute 26.19% and 12% of total State
population, respectively. The literacy rate of the State stood at 66.41% (national literacy rate
of 74.04%) with 76.84% for males and 55.42% for females leaving a huge gender gap of around
20%.
Natural Resources
Jharkhand is rich in natural resources like minerals and forests. Jharkhand is known for its
mineral wealth (40% of India) ranging from iron and copper ore, asbestos, uranium, mica &
1
kainite (all 1st) to chromite (2nd) to coal, thorium, bauxite (all 3rd) to gold (6th) to graphite (8th)
and manganese, limestone, china clay, fire clay, silver, etc. There are 370 mines of major
minerals and 3519 mines of minerals in the State. Thus, it provides immense potential for
industrialization as well as growth of MSME sector. The major industries located in the State
are Iron & Steel, Automobile, Fertilizers, Chemicals and Cement.
Jharkhand has a significant chunk of its land mass covered with forests comprising 29.20%
(23.28 lakh hectare) of the total geographical area, which provide a variety of Non-Timber
Forest Products (NTFP) like Lac, Sal seeds, Mahua flower, tasar, etc. The NTFPs are source of
livelihood to the vast tribal population. Major part of the State lies on the Chhotanagpur
Plateau, which is source of Koel, Damodar, Brahmani, Kharkai and Subarnarekha rivers,
whose upper watersheds lie within Jharkhand. The State has a rich variety of flora and fauna.
The State has one national park & eleven wildlife sanctuaries providing opportunities for
tourism sector, especially eco-tourism. It is also the ‘Lac State of India’ which alone contributes
about 59% of the national production of lac.
Rainfall and Agro-Climatic Zones
Agriculture in the State is mostly dependent on rainfall. The actual rainfall in 2018 (Jan-
December) was 896 mm as against the normal rainfall of 1291 mm, deficit of 31%. The South
West monsoon covers most of the annual rainfall. Nearly half of the annual precipitation falls
in the months of July and August. The State comes under Agro-Climatic Zone VII i.e. Eastern
Plateau and Hills Region. The State is further divided into three Agro-Climatic Sub-Zones as
per details furnished below.
Table 1.1: Agro-climatic Sub Zones of Jharkhand
Sl. Agro- Districts Characteristics
No. Climatic covered
Sub-Zones
1 Central and Hazaribagh, • Late arrival and early cessation of monsoon.
North- Giridih, Santhal • Erratic and uneven distribution of rainfall
Eastern Parganas,
• Low water retention capacity of soil
Plateau zone Dhanbad and
about 1/3 or • Lack of soil and water conservation
Ranchi (North practices
Eastern portion of
Ranchi district).
2 Central and Whole of • Low water retention capacity of the soil
Western Palamau, Gumla, • Late arrival and early cessation of monsoon
Plateau zone Lohardaga,
• Erratic and uneven distribution of rainfall
Chatra, sub-
division of • Lack of a safe disposal of runoff water
Hazaribag, during monsoon and water storage &
moisture conservation practices for raising
rabi crops
3 South- Singhbhum. • Uneven distribution of rainfall
Eastern • Low water holding capacity
Plateau zone
• Eroded soils
• Poor soil fertility
•
2
Agriculture
The agricultural economy of the Jharkhand is characterized by heavy dependence on
monsoon, low investments, low productivity, mono-cropping with paddy (covering 80% of
total cropped area). The major crops of the State are paddy, maize and pulses. Oilseeds, wheat
& millets are grown in pockets. The production of vegetables is high and surplus in the State
but there is lack of post-harvest management facilities including shortage of cold storage
facilities, processing units, etc. The average land holding of the State is 1.17 ha (marginal
farmers - 0.41 ha, small farmers -1.38 ha). The share of land holdings of small and marginal
farms to the total holdings is 83% covering 37% of the operational area and only 0.69% of
operational holdings are above 10 ha covering about 9% of operational area.
The details of working population in the State as against the all India position is given in the
Table 1.2 below.
Table 1.2: Details of working population in Jharkhand vs all India
Particulars Jharkhand India

(in lakhs) % %
No. of Workers 130.98 39.73 39.79
Male 84.24 64.31 68.88
Female 46.73 35.68 31.11
Main Workers 68.19 52.10 75.20
Marginal Workers 62.80 47.90 24.80
Cultivators 38.15 29.10 24.60
Agricultural Labourers 44.36 33.90 30.00
Workers in Household Industries 4.55 3.50 3.80
Other Workers 43.92 33.50 41.60
(Source: Census - 2011)
Status of Poverty in the State (As per Tendulkar Committee Methodology)
The percentage of total BPL population of the State stood at 37% as against all India level of
21.90%. Further, the rural and urban poverty stood at 40.84% and 24.83% as against the all-
India level of 25.70% and 13.70% respectively. The ST and SC poverty stood at 54% and 58%
as against the all-India level of 45% and 37% respectively.
Macro-economic Scenario
The real Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) of Jharkhand is estimated to grow by 6.8 per
cent and the nominal GSDP by 10.4 per cent in the year 2018-19. In the last three years (2016-
17 to 2018-19) the real and nominal GSDP has grown at an average annual rate of 8.2 per cent
and 11.5 per cent, respectively. The per capita income at constant prices in these three years
(2016-17, 2017-18 and 2018-19) has grown at 9.4, 5.0 and 5.1 per cent, respectively. The
average growth rate between the years 2011-12 and 2018-19 seems to be a modest at 5.8 per
cent per annum. This is because of low growth rates experienced in the years 2013-14 and
2015-16. If these two years, which were not normal years, are ignored, then the average annual
growth rate of GSDP, GSVA and per capita income at constant prices between the years 2011-
12 and 2018-19 would have been 9.1, 8.6 and 7.8 per cent, respectively.
The real GSDP of Jharkhand is estimated to be ₹2,21,587 crore and the real GSVA is estimated
to be ₹1,82,893 crore in the financial year 2018-19. The nominal GSVA and GSDP in the year
3
2018-19 are estimated to be ₹2,53,183 crore and ₹2,86,598 crore, respectively. The real and
nominal per capita GSDP are estimated to be ₹59,384.00 and ₹76,806.00, respectively, in the
year 2018-19. The GSDP and GSVA of Jharkhand were ₹1,50,918 crore and ₹1,39,130 crore,
respectively and the per capita income was ₹45,318 in the year 2011-12, which was the base
year for the new series of data for income and the related aggregates. The GSDP and GSVA,
thus, are estimated to have grown by about 47 per cent and 40 per cent respectively and the
per capita income by about 32 percent in the last seven years.
Soil Type and Land use pattern
Soil of Jharkhand is low in available phosphorus and sulphur, medium in available nitrogen
& potassium and deficient in available boron. About 39 lakh ha of land (49% of total
geographical area) are acidic. The State is facing problem of slight (52% area) to moderate
(36% area) soil erosion as about 43% of the area are located on very gentle slopes (1 to 3%)
and 31% area on gentle slopes (3 to 8%). Further, poor irrigation and other constraints, a
significant part of the land remains fallow.
The total cultivable land in the State is 38 lakh ha i.e. 48% of the Total Geographical Area
(TGA). The net sown area is only 28.36 lakh ha i.e. 36% of TGA. The current fallow and other
fallow are 21% of TGA. The State has got a sizeable forest coverage of about 29.20%.
Scenario of crop production in the State
Paddy is the major crop (60%) in kharif season followed by maize. The major pulses which are
grown in kharif season are arhar, urad and moong. Groundnut is the major oilseed crop grown
in kharif. Main crops of the State in rabi season are wheat, bengal gram, masoor, peas and
linseed. The area and production of principal crops in Jharkhand during last 3 years is given
in the Table 1.3 below. The productivity of major crops vis-à-vis all-India position along with
productivity analysis of major horticulture crops is given in the Table 1.4 below.
Table 1.3: Area and production of major crops of Jharkhand (2015-16 to 2017-18)
Crops 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18
Area Production Area Production Area Production
(lakh ha) (lakh MT) (lakh ha) (lakh MT) (lakh ha) (lakh MT)
Paddy 15.88 25.69 17.14 48.69 17.35 51.32
Pulses 5.53 4.95 8.04 8.44 7.92 8.71
Maize 2.89 3.85 2.96 5.68 2.95 5.97
Wheat 1.57 2.87 2.11 4.25 2.21 4.69
Oilseeds 2.83 1.88 3.60 2.64 4.17 2.97
(Source: Directorate of Agriculture, GoJ)
Table 1.4: Productivity (kg/ha) of major crops of Jharkhand (2015-16 to 2017-18)

vis-à-vis all India
Crops 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18
Jharkhand India Jharkhand India Jharkhand India
Paddy 1617 2400 2841 2550 2957 2578
Wheat 1835 3034 2011 3216 2121 3371
Maize 1559 2560 1916 2710 2025 3032
Pulses 895 656 1049 779 1101 841
Oilseeds 665 968 732 1225 713 1270
(Source: Annual Report 2018-19, Ministry of Agriculture, GoI)
4
The State is a potential hub for horticulture, medicinal & aromatic plants and organic farming.
According to the final estimates, the area under different varieties of fruit crops in Jharkhand
has increased from 97 thousand hectares in 2015-16 to 104 thousand hectares in 2017-18.
During this period, an increase of 8.04% has been noticed. In terms of production, the
different varieties of fruit crops have also witnessed increase. In 2015-16, production increased
from 961 thousand metric tonnes to 1082 thousand metric tonnes in 2017-18. During this
period, the production of different varieties of fruit crops in Jharkhand has seen a 13%
increase. The State is a major producer of vegetables. There has also been a phenomenal
growth in sericulture sector. The State is the largest producer of tasar silk (a non-mulberry
silk) in the country, with 70% share in the total output. In 2017-18, production of tasar was
estimated at 2,211 MT.
In Jharkhand’s rural economy, agriculture is one of the significant sectors, which leads to food
security, income, price stability and livelihood for the majority. As per the Planning-cum-
finance Department, Government of Jharkhand, more than 76 per cent of the people live in
rural areas and 66.85 per cent of the total labour force is dependent on agriculture. According
to the Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Jharkhand, the share of this sector (agriculture,
forestry and fishing sector) in the GSVA of the State is about 14 per cent and it makes a
contribution of about 8 per cent to the growth of the economy. Therefore, it is vital to give
priority to this sector, which continues to be the largest employment generating sector in the
rural economy of Jharkhand.
Infrastructure
There are 25 National Highways in the State having total length of 2649 km. The total length
of roads in the State 12200.60 km and the road density in terms of area is 153.05 road km per
sq. km. The rail density (route km per 1ooo km area) of the State is 30. There is one commercial
airport at Ranchi. Another airport at Deoghar is being constructed.
****
5
BANKING PROFILE
State - Jharkhand SLBC Convenor – Bank of India
1. NETWORK & OUTREACH (As on 31/03/2019)
No. of Branches No. of non-formal agencies associated Per Branch Outreach
No. of
Agency SHGs SB
Banks/Soc. Total Rural Semi-urban Urban mFIs/mFOs BCs/BFs Villages Households
Linkage
Commercial Banks 34 2536 1030 701 805 - -
Regional Rural Bank 2 443 390 41 12 - -
Small Finance Bank 4 60 17 16 27 -
Coop. Banks 2 117 66 34 17 - -
PACS/LAMPS 4394 4394 4394 - - - -
All Agencies 4436 7550 5897 792 861 - 255615 6202
2. DEPOSITS OUTSTANDING
No. of accounts Amount of Deposit [Rs.lakh]
Agency
31-Mar-17 31-Mar-18 31-Mar-19 Growth(%) Share(%) 31-Mar-17 31-Mar-18 31-Mar-19 Growth(%) Share(%)
Commercial Banks - - - - - 17811905.00 18957256.70 20912000.34 17.40% 95.88%
Regional Rural Bank - - - - - 641948.00 684175.41 706872.26 10.11% 3.24%
Small Finance Bank - - 21044.25 - 0.10%
Cooperative Banks - - - - - 163926.00 169994.13 170147.42 3.80% 0.78%
All Agencies - - - - - 18617779.00 19811426.24 21810064.27 17.15% 100.00%
3. LOANS & ADVANCES OUTSTANDING
No. of accounts Amount of Loan [Rs.lakh]
Agency
31-Mar-17 31-Mar-18 31-Mar-19 Growth(%) Share(%) 31-Mar-17 31-Mar-18 31-Mar-19 Growth(%) Share(%)
Commercial Banks - - - - - 7845750.60 8271267.10 9196238.6 11.18% 96.23%
Regional Rural Bank - - - - - 234012.00 255783.00 274511.97 7.32% 2.87%
Small Finance Bank - - 57931.21 - 0.61%
Cooperative Banks - - - - - 24230.79 24812.67 27532.28 10.96% 0.29%
All Agencies - - - - - 8103993.39 8551862.77 9556214.06 11.74% 100.00%
4. CD-RATIO (%) w ithout RIDF 5. PERFORMANCE UNDER FINANCIAL INCLUSION (No. of PMJDY A/Cs)
CD Ratio of which, of which,

Cumulative as of which,
Agency Agency No. of zeo balance
on 31.03.2019 Aadhar seeded
31-Mar-17 31-Mar-18 31-Mar-19 Rupay Cards a/c
Commercial Banks 44.05 43.63 43.98 Commercial Banks 11025688 9908581 9371654 1340904
Regional Rural Bank 36.45 37.39 38.83 Regional Rural Bank 1325423 1189959 945382 316294
Small Finance Bank - - 275.28 Small Finance Bank - - - -
Cooperative Banks 14.78 14.6 16.18 Cooperative Banks - - - -
All Agencies 43.53 43.17 43.82 All Agencies 12351111 11098540 10317036 1657198
6. PERFORMANCE TO FULFILL NATIONAL GOALS (As on 30/09/2019)
Priority Sector Loans Loans to Agr. Sector Loans to Weaker Sections Loans under DRI Scheme Loans to Women
Agency Amount % of Total Amount % of Total Amount % of Total Amount % of Total Amount % of Total
[Rs.Lakh] Loans [Rs.Lakh] Loans [Rs.Lakh] Loans [Rs.Lakh] Loans [Rs.Lakh] Loans
Commercial Banks 5753061.63 62.71 1299561.60 14.17 1705729.60 18.59 3639.87 0.04 1215246.23 13.25
Regional Rural Bank 232572.00 84.49 164314.00 59.69 178367.00 64.79 - - 39783.00 14.45
Small Finance Bank 64178.21 94.79 18532.72 27.37 64178.21 94.79 - - 3529.06 5.21
Cooperative Banks 12587.43 45.94 11548.57 42.15 - - - - 221.50 0.81
All Agencies 6062399.27 63.52 1493956.89 15.65 1948274.81 20.41 3639.87 0.04 1258779.79 13.19
7. AGENCY-WISE PERFORMANCE UNDER ANNUAL CREDIT PLANS
2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 Average
Agency Target Ach'ment Ach'ment Target Ach'ment Target Ach'ment Ach'ment Ach[%] in
Ach'ment [%]
[Rs.Lakh] [Rs.Lakh] [%] [Rs.Lakh] [Rs.Lakh] [Rs.lakh] [Rs.lakh] [%] last 3 years
Commercial Banks 2434803.2 2088124.1 85.76% 2392370.46 2379007.59 99.44% 2564659.83 1429363 55.73% 79.77%
Regional Rural Bank 269875.68 72081 26.71% 293983.6 94092.69 32.01% 341371 96268 28.20% 28.99%
Small Finance Bank - - - - - - - - -
Cooperative Banks 55999.82 30533.07 54.52% 55190.94 10199.92 18.48% 61059 2613 4.28% 25.16%
All Agencies 2760678.7 2190738.17 79.36% 2741545 2483300.2 90.58% 2967089.83 1528244 51.51% 73.23%
8. SECTOR-WISE PERFORMANCE UNDER ANNUAL CREDIT PLANS
2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 Average Ach
Broad Sector Target Ach'ment Ach'ment Target Ach'ment Target Ach'ment [Rs. Ach'ment [%] in last 3
Ach'ment [%]
[Rs.Lakh] [Rs. Lakh] [%] [Rs.Lakh] [Rs. Lakh] [Rs.Lakh] Lakh] [%] years
Crop Loan 418253.38 180591.00 43.18% 460856.00 238064.00 51.66% 493703.53 218688 44.30% 46.43%
Term Loan (Agr) 317388.56 122668.00 38.65% 307381.00 137692.00 44.80% 339956.24 163794.62 48.18% 43.97%
Total Agri. Credit 735641.94 303259.00 41.22% 768237.50 375756.46 48.91% 833659.77 382482.36 45.88% 45.41%
MSME 652697 742013.10 113.68% 732952.00 1033795.20 141.05% 856035.39 928595.47 108.48% 120.64%
Other Priority Sector 336171.96 192923.06 57.39% 382140.39 213245.94 55.80% 1277394.67 217167.00 17.00% 31.23%
Total Priority Sector 1724510.9 1238195.16 71.80% 1883329.89 1622797.60 86.17% 2967089.83 1528244.83 51.51% 66.76%
9. RECOVERY POSITION UNDER PRIORITY SECTOR
2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 Avg.
Recovery
Agency Demand Recovery Recovery Demand Recovery Demand Recovery [Rs. Recovery
Recovery [%] [%] in last 3
[Rs.Lakh] [Rs. Lakh] [%] [Rs.Lakh] [Rs. Lakh] [Rs.Lakh] Lakh] [%]
years
Commercial Banks 1138864.9 495304 43.49% 1138864.9 495304 43.49% 1090796.30 614560.37 56.34% 47.65%
Regional Rural Bank 94245.8 83334.59 88.42% 94245.8 83334.59 88.42% 201991.70 136792.96 67.72% 77.71%
Small Finance Bank - - - - - - - - - -
Cooperative Banks - - - - - - - - - -
All Agencies 1233110.7 556907.59 45.16% 1233110.7 556907.59 45.16% 1292788 751353.33 58.12% 49.62%
Source : SLBC
6
Chapter 2
Banking Profile
2.1 Introduction
There are 3156 bank branches of 21 Public Sector Banks (69%), 13 Private Sector Commercial
Banks (11%), RRBs (14%), State Coop. Bank (4%) and 4 Small Finance Banks (2%) in the State
having 48% rural, 25% semi-urban and 27% urban branches as on 31 March 2019. The branch
network of private sector banks is largely confined to urban and semi-urban areas (90%).
Besides, there are 4394 PACS and LAMPCS serving at the grass root level in rural areas.
2.2 Banking Profile in Jharkhand

The performance of the banking sector under other key parameters during last 2 years (2017-
18 and 2018-19) vis-à-vis the national bench mark is presented in the Table 2.1 below.
Table 2.1: Performance of Banking Sector in Jharkhand
Sl. Key Business Parameter Position Position National

No. as on as on Benchmark
31.03.18 31.03.19
1 CD With RIDF & place of 60.31 57.33

Ratio utilisation
(%) Without RIDF 43.17 43.16 60.00
Rural CD Ratio 30.15 32.65
Semi-urban CD Ratio 35.22 39.86
2 Share of Priority Sector Advances 54.41 55.38 40.00
(PSA) in total advances (%)
3 Share of agriculture advances in total 15.77 15.56 18.00
advances (%)
4 Share of MSMEs in total advances (%) 27.56 34.35
5 Share of advances to micro enterprises 49.73 49.66 60.00
in total MSME advances
6 Share of advances to weaker section in 17.37 17.09 10.00
total advances (%)
7 Share of DRI advances in total 0.04 0.04 1.00
advances (%)
8 Share of advances to women in total 13.18 13.63 5.00
advances (%)
9 Share of advances to minorities out of 6.57 11.55 15.00
PSA (%)
(Source: SLBC, Jharkhand)
It is observed from above Table that banking sector had overachieved the prescribed targets
in the State under priority sector advances and advances to weaker sections and women,
whereas it fell short of achieving minimum levels in respect of CD ratio, advances for
agriculture, micro enterprises in total MSME advances, DRI advances and advances to
minorities.
7
2.3 Outreach of Banking Sector - Banking Network
The agency wise rural, semi-urban and urban branches in the State as on 31 March 2019 is
presented in the Fig. 2.1 below.
1503
997
861
792
619
573
390
186
128
33 66 41 34 16
17 12 17 27
Rural Semi-Urban Urban
PSBs Private Banks RRBs Coop. Banks SFBs All Banks
(Fig.2.1: Bank branch network in Jharkhand)
The agency wise details of ATMs in the State as on 31 March 2019 is presented in Fig.2.2
below.
PSBs
2711
Private Com.
Banks
609 Coop. Banks
27
RRBs SFBs
20 35
(Fig2.2: ATM network in Jharkhand-Agency wise)
The number of branches and ATMs per lakh population is 8 and 9, respectively indicating
wider coverage branches and ATMs in Jharkhand. Mainly PSBs and RRBs are catering to the
rural population through their branches. Overall, PSBs have the largest share of branches and
ATMs. There are large no. of PACS but these are not having lending business and having
inadequate infrastructure (manpower, technology and physical resources) to meet the credit
needs of the people in rural areas.
8
2.4 Ground Level Credit (GLC) flow
21110.54
18833.29
17245.1
16227.97
15282.44
12381.95
2016-17 2017-18 2018-19

PS Target PS Ach
(Fig.2.3: GLC flow (₹ in crore) for Priority Sector in Jharkhand during last 3 years
11744.84
10361.68 9525.43
8605.03
8582.15 8773.34
2016-17 2017-18 2018-19

NPS Target Ach NPS
Fig.2.4: GLC flow (₹ in crore) for Non-Priority Sector in Jharkhand during last three years
The achievement under Non-Priority Sector (NPS) has shown spectacular performance in the
year 2018-19. In contrast, the credit flow under Priority Sector has shown decline of 5.82% in
the year 2018-19. Overall, the achievement level of banks under NPS during last three years is
either par target or overachieved, the same has remained relatively lower for priority sector
target. The achievement for priority sector has been 72.39% during the year 2018-19.
2.5 Broad sector-wise GLC flow under Priority Sector
The broad sector wise target and achievement by all agencies for the priority sector during last
three years is presented in the Table 2.2 below.
9
Table 2.2: Broad sector wise GLC flow under Priority Sector in Jharkhand during
last three years
(₹ in crore)
Broad 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19
Sector Target Ach. Target Ach. Target Ach.
Agriculture 7356.41 3032.59 7682.37 3757.56 8336.59 3824.82

(41.22%) (48.91%) (45.88%)
MSME 6526.97 7420.13 7329.52 10337.95 8560.35 9285.95
(113.68%) (141.05%) (108.47%)
OPS 3361.72 1929.23 3821.40 2132.45 4213.57 2171.65
(57.38%) (55.80%) (51.54%)
Total 17245.10 12381.95 18833.29 16227.97 21110.51 15282.42
(71.80% (86.16%) (72.39%)
Analysis of sectoral trend in credit flow to the priority sector for last three years indicates that
credit flow to agriculture sector has witnessed an increase from ₹3757.56 crore in 2017-18 to
₹3824.82 in 2018-19 i.e. only increment of 1.79%. The credit flow to the agricultural sector
was less than 50% of the target for the last three years. However, the credit flow under MSME
was more than 100 per cent of the target. The overall achievement under priority sector has
witnessed decline 0f 5.82 % during the year 2018-19 in comparison to the year 2017-18.
2.6 Agency-wise credit flow to Agriculture
The agency wise credit flow to the agriculture sector during last three years in Jharkhand is
presented in the Table 2.3 below.
Table 2.3: Agency wise credit flow (₹ in crore) for Agriculture sector during 2016-
17 to 2018-19 in Jharkhand
Agency 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19

Target Ach. Target Ach. Target Ach.
CBs 5789.11 2506.19 6004.66 3248.01 6081.53 3294.69

(43.29%) (54.09%) (54.17%)
of 362.53 379.81 416.42 337.45 502.37 754.46
which, (104.76%) (81.03%) (150.18%)
Private
CBs
RRBs 1308.88 415.25 1401.71
506.91 1467.63 522.43
(31.72%) (36.16%) (35.60%)
Coop. 258.42 111.14
276.00 2.64 285.06 7.70
Banks (0.09%) (2.70%)
Total 7356.41 3032.59 7682.37 3757.56 8336.59 3824.82
(41.22%) (48.91%) (45.88%)
10
Analysis of the above data reveals that the commercial banks share was 66.72% of the total
credit flow to agriculture during the year 2018-19 while the rest was accounted for by RRBs
with Cooperative Banks playing only a marginal role. None of the agencies were able to achieve
their respective targets in last three years.
2.7 Off-Farm Sector (OFS)/Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME)
MSME is one of the important priority sectors and an integral part of the State’s economy. The
sector contributes to the economic and social development of the State by way of creating
entrepreneurship and generating employment opportunities at low cost next to agriculture.
There are 15.88 lakh MSMEs in the State providing employment to 24.91 lakh persons as per
73rd round NSS. The credit flow to MSME sector in the State accounted for 60.76% of total
priority sector credit flow during 2018-19. The agency wise details of credit flow in the State
during last 3 years is presented in the Table below.
Table 2.4: Agency wise credit flow (₹ in crore) under MSME during last three
years in Jharkhand
Agency 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19

Target Ach. Target Ach. Target Ach.
CBs 5752.21 7292.42 6463.72 10167.41 7644.07 9039.59

(126,77%) (157.29%) (118.25%)
RRBs 671.15 127.30 732.72 170.54 782.23 232.83
(18.96%) (23.27%) (29.76%)
Coop. 103.61 0.40 133.08 0.00 134.05 13.53
Banks (0.38%) (10.09%)
Total 6526.97 7420.13 7329.52 10337.95 8560.35 9285.95
(113.68%) (141.04%) (108.74%)
The commercial banks have over-achieved the target at 118.25% for the year 2018-19. There
has been successive growth in credit flow to the sector registering a growth of 14.85% during
the year 2016-17 and 39.32% during the year 2017-18. RRBs have only achieved 29.76% of the
target in the year 2018-19. The cooperative banks are yet to make any meaningful contribution
to the sector.
2.8 Analysis of credit flow to Agriculture sector
2.8.1 Crop Loan
The agency wise crop loan disbursed (₹ in crore) during last three years is presented in the
Fig.2.5 below.
11
1878.83
1663.29
1401.95
All CBs
Pvt. Sector CBs
RRBs
499.17 517.29 Cooperative Banks
403.96
19.19 0 31.62 2.64 22.8 6.29
2016-17 2017-18 2018-19
Fig.2.5: Agency wise GLC flow (₹ in crore) for crop loan in Jharkhand during last three years
It is observed that crop loan disbursement of commercial banks declined by 8.14% during the
year 2018-19.
2.8.2 Kisan Credit Card (KCC)
It is estimated that there are 39.08 lakh farmers in the State and around 17.85 lakh KCC have
been issued so far in the State. As per the instructions of GoI /RBI/NABARD, all KCC were
required to be upgraded by banks as RuPay KCC to enable KCC holders make operations from
anywhere through ATMs, micro-ATM/PoS, etc. Of the 17.85 lakh KCC issued around 13.48
lakh are converted to RuPay KCC. Out of the total RuPay KCC issued, 75% was from
commercial banks and rest were from RRBs with Cooperative Banks share of only less than
1%. Banks are required to ensure expeditious compliance to the instructions of RBI/GoI.
RuPay KCC use would be more useful at present juncture as GoI is promoting cashless
transactions. The amount outstanding in 17.35 lakh KCC accounts is at ₹6895.18 crore as on
31 March 2019. As directed by GoI for KCC saturation coverage, banks are required to cover
all farmers under KCC.
2.9 Issues critical to Banking Sector
2.9.1 Disbursement under KCC scheme
The revised KCC scheme provides for comprehensive assessment of all requirements of
farmers and fixation of credit based on latest Scale of Finance (SoF) plus other components
such as insurance premium, post-harvest/household/consumption requirements,
maintenance expenses of farm assets, etc. For issue of separate KCC to farmers for Fisheries
and Animal Husbandry activities, separate SoF is to be fixed. With adoption of latest
instructions by banks, it was expected that a substantial hike would take place in per KCC
disbursement to farmers. Availability of adequate credit from financial institutions has been
recognized as one of the critical inputs for increasing production and productivity leading to
doubling of farmers income by 2022. Banks should ensure that farmers are provided adequate
credit in accordance with the activity pursued and as per revised norms by RBI/NABARD. The
District Level Technical Committee (DLTC) are also expected to fix the SoF for fisheries and
12
animal husbandry related activities in all districts so that the limits of KCC can be fixed
accordingly.
2.9.2 Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)
PMFBY provides comprehensive insurance cover against failure of the crop thus helping in
stabilising the income of farmers and encourage them for adoption of innovative practices.
The scheme is compulsory for loanee farmers obtaining crop loan/KCC account for notified
crops. However, it is voluntary for other/non-loanee farmers, who have insurable interest in
the insured crops. The maximum premium payable by the farmers is 2% for all kharif food and
oilseed crops,1.5% for rabi food and oilseed crops and 5% for commercial and horticultural
crops.
The crops notified in the State are Aghani paddy and Bhadai maize for kharif 2019 and wheat,
rapeseed, mustard, gram and potato for rabi 2019-20. Government of Jharkhand has
identified Royal Sundaram GIC Ltd. and HDFC Ergo GIC Ltd. as implementing agencies for
kharif and rabi 2019-20. As reported by SLBC (30.09.2019), 8.43 lakh farmers are covered
under kharif 2019, of which only 1.79 lakh farmers are loanee. The details of 5.52 lakh farmers
have been uploaded in GoI PMFBY portal. There is a wide gap in coverage of loanee farmers.
Banks may take necessary steps to mandatorily cover all loanee farmers.
2.9.3 Recovery Position of Agriculture Sector
Recovery position under Agri. Sector for the State is also a matter of concern, position is
presented in the Table 2.5 below.
Table 2.5: Recovery of agriculture credit in Jharkhand during last three years
Year Percentage of Recovery to Demand

2016-17 45.00
2017-18 56.89
2018-19 57.31
2.9.4 Non-Performing Assets (NPAs)
As on 31st March 2019, total NPAs (including PS and NPS) of the banks increased to ₹5711.86
crore (5.98% of gross credit) from ₹5223.27 crore (6.10% of gross credit) during the previous
year. NPAs have always remained a matter of concern for the banks and need support from
State Govt. for toning up and creation of conducive conditions in sensitive areas, appointment
of Certificate Officers at district level, etc. for containing their NPAs. Wide publicity and
promotion of GoI interest subvention scheme for prompt repayment by farmers under KCC,
WSHG and other schemes by all stakeholders could prove to be a useful strategy for improving
overall recovery climate in the State.
2.9.5 CD Ratio
The credit to deposit ratio is an important parameter in the banking parlance for how much of
a bank’s fund is being used for lending. The CD ratio of banks during last three years in the
State is presented in the Table 2.6 below.
13
Table 2.6: CD Ratio of banks in Jharkhand during last 3 years

Year CBs Of which Pvt. RRBs Cooperative Total
Sector CBs Banks
2016-17 44.05 81.15 43.63 14.78 43.53
2017-18 36.45 85.32 37.39 14.60 43.17
2018-19 43.98 85.58 38.83 16.18 43.82
2.10 Financial Inclusion Plan and Performance
services needed by vulnerable groups such as weaker sections and low-income groups at an
affordable cost in a fair and transparent manner by mainstream financial players. There are
twin aspects of financial inclusion:
Demand Side
1. Financial Literacy Counselling Customer
2. Improve credit absorption capacity
through training and skill development.
3. Knowledge of financial products.
4. Need for providing entire product and Supply Side
services under one agency.
1. Financial services by banks.
2. Appropriate design of product
and services.
RBI had issued guidelines that before 31 March 2017, banks had to mandatorily open brick
and mortar branches in villages with population more than 5000. Accordingly, as on
27.01.2020, 374 villages in Jharkhand are not covered by the banking outlets. There are 54
Financial Literacy Centres (FLCs) in the State for creating financial literacy among the people.
As on 31 March 2019, a total of 16788 sensitization programmes have been conducted for
promoting financial literacy. Three mobile vans are provided to JStCB, Dhanbad DCCB and
JRGB (erstwhile VGB) under Financial Inclusion Fund by NABARD for promotion of financial
literacy.
2.10.1 RSETI/RUDSETI
There are 24 RSETI and 1 RUDSETI functioning in the State. Independent Directors have been
posted in all these institutions. The status of credit linkage of RSETI trainees through banks
during last three years are presented in the Table 2.7 below.
Table 2.7: Details of candidates trained in RSETIs and credit linked in Jharkhand
during last 3 years.
2016-17 2017-18 2018-19

Total Credit Total Credit Total
Credit linked
Trainees linked Trainees linked Trainees
2855 2461 1525
19605 17660 17970
(14.56%) (13.93%) (8.48%)
14
Three is need for increasing credit linkage of trained candidates.
2.10.2 Financial and Digital Literacy programmes

In order to give more thrust to backward districts that are constrained by various physical,
economic and sociological characteristics the districts have been bifurcated into Special Focus
District (SFD) and others. The SFD comprise all aspirational districts and LWE districts. The
grant support for projects implemented in the SFD has been enhanced to 90% of the eligible
expenditure. The grant support for one FDLC programme is ₹6000/- in SFD districts and
₹5000/- in other districts. The details of the programmes conducted/sanctioned is given in
the Table 2.8 below.
Table 2.8: Details of Financial and Digital Literacy programmes conducted in

Jharkhand (as on 31 March 2019)
Sl. Name of the Programme Number of programmes/ Amount

N0. units as on 31.03.2019 (₹ crore)
1 Financial Literacy
Campaigns, Nukkad Natak
16157 4.38
shows and Sensitization
programmes
2 Going Digital and dFLAP 2846 3.10
2.10.3 Financial support for deployment of PoS terminals in one lakh villages -
Pilot project to incentivise Aadhaar Based Biometric Transaction through
Financial Inclusion Fund (FIF) of NABARD
There is thrust on digital transactions and a need to provide an impetus to digital

transactions. Accordingly, NABARD is providing support under FIF for deployment of PoS
terminals (2 PoS machines per village with population of less than 10,000) in one lakh
villages. Aadhaar enabled payment system (AEPS) is one of the modes by which people can
transact without having debit card and PIN numbers. Aadhaar based transactions in micro-
ATMs through AEPS route is well established. The PoS terminals may also be utilized for
financial transactions by using Aadhaar card and biometric authentication.
In order to provide impetus to Aadhaar based biometric transactions through the PoS
terminals, it has been decided to extend support to banks for a pilot project to incentivise
Aadhaar based transaction through FIF. NABARD has provided grant assistance to JRGB
(erstwhile VGB) for 1400 PoS devices amounting ₹84.00 lakh.
2.10.4 Village Level Programme
Under Village Level Programmes (VLPs), bank branches can organize credit camps/meets,
where activities like collection of loan application from SHGs, sanction, release, recovery
campaign, awareness about different banking products, benefits of maintaining credit
discipline etc. can be undertaken. The grant support provided by NABARD for one VLP is
₹2000/-. As against 4000 VLPs sanctioned by NABARD, 1500 VLPs were conducted.
15
2.10.5 Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY)

Under PMJDY, banks have opened 123.51 lakh accounts (Rural - 90.03 lakh & Urban - 33.48
lakh) as on 31 March 2019. Out of which, 103.17 lakh accounts were issued with RuPay cards
and 110.98 lakh were Aadhaar seeded. However, out of all RuPay cards issued, only 87.96
lakh cards were handed over and 72.73 lakh cards were activated. It has been resolved to
issue balance RuPay card and activate them (Source: SLBC). The coverage of Sub Service
Area by BCs is given in the Table 2.9 below.
Table 2.9: Coverage of Sub Service Area (SSA) by BCs (Bank Mitras) under
PMJDY
Total No. of SSAs SSA coverage by SSA coverage Uncovered No of Micro

BCs by bank ATMs enabled
(Fixed location) branches & allotted to BCs
4178 3724 454 Nil 3203
2.10.6 Progress of PMSBY, PMJJBY and APY
In terms of GoI instructions, the social security schemes were launched in the State on
09.05.2015. The achievement of banks as on 31.03.2019 under these schemes is given in
the Table 2.10 below.
Table 2.10: Status of enrolment under PMJJBY, PMSBY and APY in

Jharkhand
PMJJBY PMSBY APY

Total enrolments Premium Total Premium Total Premium
received enrolments received enrolments received
(₹ lakh) (₹ lakh) (₹ lakh)
764555 NA 3312250 NA 343762 NA
2.10.7 Stand Up India Scheme
As on 31.03.2019, a total number of 264 beneficiaries comprising of 38 SC/ST and 237 women
entrepreneurs were sanctioned loan amounting to ₹65.30 crore.
2.10.8 Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY)
Hon’ble Prime Minister launched PMMY on 08 April 2015 to meet the financial needs of
noncorporate small business units of the country, which employ majority of the Indian
working population. Micro Units Development and Refinance Agency Limited (MUDRA)was
given the responsibility by GoI to provide refinance support, monitor the PMMY data by
managing the web portal, facilitate offering guarantees for loans granted under PMMY and
take up other activities assigned to it from time to time. Accordingly, MUDRA has been
carrying out these functions. Under PMMY, a 3-tier loan structure targeted towards different
businesses depending on the size and stage of business have been provided, which are Shishu
(up to ₹50,000/-), Kishor (between ₹50,000/- and ₹5.00 lakh) and Tarun (between ₹5.00
16
lakh and ₹10.00 lakh. The status of implementation of PMMY in the State during 2018-19 is
given in the Table2.11 below.
Table 2.11: Status of implementation of PMMY in Jharkhand
(₹ in crore)
Shishu Kishor Tarun Total
No. of Amt. No. of Amt. No. of Amt. No. of Amt.
beneficiaries beneficiaries beneficiaries beneficiaries
1298677 3411.03 112600 1911.70 18445 1376.43 1429722 6699.17
EShakti is a flagship programme for digitization of SHGs being implemented in 100 districts
of the country. The programme is being rolled out in additional 150 districts. The programme
was launched as pilot project in the year 2015 in 2 districts i.e. Ramgarh (Jharkhand) and
Dhule (Maharashtra). The successful implementation of the pilot project made it to be one of
its kind programme for women empowerment by bringing them into digital platform. The USP
of the programme is ‘One stop portal for all information about SHGs and free
access of bankers for credit linkage’
In the State of Jharkhand, the programme is being implemented in 7 districts i.e. Ramgarh,
Hazaribagh, Bokaro, Chatra, Giridih, Saraikela-Kharsawan and Ranchi and digitization of
20949 SHGs have been done so far in 3 phases. In Phase IV of E-Shakti, the programme is
rolled out in 6 additional districts i.e. Garhwa, Palamau, Deoghar, Dumka, Lohardaga and
West Singhbhum during 2019-20. The digitization of 8000 more SHGs is planned under
phase IV.
***
17
Chapter 3
NABARD’s perception on the development perspectives of the
State
3.1 Introduction
Jharkhand is endowed with verdant greens, temperate plateaus, vibrant valleys and rich
reserves of minerals. Agriculture and allied sectors form an important component of
Jharkhand’s economy as a large proportion of population depends on it for their livelihood.
The challenge with Jharkhand lies in the inclusive development of the Scheduled Tribes,
Scheduled Castes and other underprivileged sections of the society. In a State with more than
3 crore of population, the Scheduled Tribes and Schedule Caste constitute 26.21% and 12.08%,
respectively of the total population of the State (Census 2011). NABARD has played a
supportive role in development process of the State through its refinance, development,
supervisory and funding mechanism. A synopsis of NABARD’s perception on the development
status of the State and future trends is presented in the chapter for taking stock of the situation
and laying down roadmap towards realisation of its potential.
3.2 Boundless opportunities in Jharkhand
The State boasts about 40% and 29% of India’s mineral and coal reserves, respectively. There
is immense potential in areas like plantation and horticulture, minor forest produce, dairy,
fishery and animal husbandry. The soil and climatic conditions of the State support cultivation
of ornamental plants, mushrooms, spices and tea. Jharkhand is emerging as one of the
prominent tourist destinations in the country. Certainly, the tourism activity would help
integrate the region further into the overall Indian as well as the global economy. The
promotion of eco-tourism, religious tourism and heritage tourism by the State in the coming
times would not only help generate employment opportunities but would also help enhance
the external orientation of its regional economy. The key industrial areas of the State include
Jamshedpur, Dhanbad and Bokaro. The State offers tremendous investment opportunities in
mineral and natural resource based industries, MSMEs, food processing, sericulture, khadi
and village industries, handicraft and handloom, engineering and auto components,
chemicals, electronic goods, iron and steel, heavy and light engineering, metallurgy and power
generating.
3.3 Capital formation in agriculture and increase in production and

productivity
In Jharkhand’s rural economy, agriculture is one of the significant sectors, which leads to food
security, income, price stability and livelihood for the majority. Therefore, it is vital to give
priority to this sector, which continues to be the largest employment generating sector in the
rural economy of the State. With most of the agriculture and allied activities concentrated in
the rural hinterland, there is a pressing need to develop irrigation, transportation, storage,
marketing and communication infrastructure. This requires sustained capital expenditure by
both Central and State Governments. A mission approach to promote capital formation
through investments need to be taken up in a planned way by effective convergence and
coordination. Implementation of all important GoI Missions and State Plan Schemes must
attempt to promote flow of institutional credit so as to increase private participation alongside
public spending. To boost up capital formation in agriculture investment credit under
agriculture & allied activities has to be augmented.
18
Certain constraints identified in financing of agricultural term loans viz:- low contribution of
Private Sector Commercial Banks, delay in facility of online charge creation by banks, certain
restrictive provisions of Chotanagpur Tenancy (CNT) Act and Santhal Pargana Tenancy (SPT)
Act etc. need to be adequately addressed in order to ensure that project financing under
agriculture sector picks upto desired levels.
To augment the term lending, each bank branch should disburse at least 30% of their total
agri-loans towards agri-term loans. Banks to focus on Dairy, Goatery, Piggery, Poultry, Fishery
and other allied activities like bee keeping and lac processing on the basis of Area Development
Scheme and banking plans prepared by NABARD and also take benefit of various State and
Central Govt subsidy schemes to increase agri term loan financing. Banks may also increase
credit flow to non-farm activities, rural housing, education, etc.
Further, for increasing the per hectare credit to at least ₹25,000/- on an average, banks
should take necessary action for increasing the credit flow.
3.3.1 Crop wise Production - major crops including horticultural crops
The details of production, productivity of major crops of the State are given in Chapter 1.
3.3.2 Major initiatives of the State and NABARD to increase production &
productivity.
• Exchange, Distribution and Seed Production: The scheme provides seeds to the
farmers for kharif and rabi seasons.
• Vishesh Fasal Yojana: The scheme is being implemented in the State since 2017-
18. The objective of the scheme is to increase the production of special crops like
Rajma, Till, Groundnut and Soyabean. The scheme has covered 18510 ha.
• Single Window Centre: The scheme aims to provide all the benefits related to
agricultural schemes and to provide technical support to the farming community at
their door step. Under the scheme, 200 centres have been established during 2016-17
and 2017-18.
• Conversion of Fallow land into Cropped Area: The State Govt. is encouraging
conversion of fallow land for crop cultivation.
• Double cropping of Rice Fallow Scheme: Govt. of Jharkhand is encouraging
cultivation of pulses and oilseeds in rice fallow areas.
• Interest subvention for Crop Loan: Under the scheme, additional interest
subvention benefit of 3% is given to farmers, who repay their short-term crop loans
promptly before the due date.
• Pond Reconstruction Scheme: It is envisaged to renovate 2000 Govt./private
tanks upto 5 acres under the scheme so as to provide additional irrigation potential
and stop the run-off loss of rain water. The State Govt. provides 90% subsidy and the
rest is beneficiary contribution. Under the scheme, 1121 Government/private ponds
have been renovated.
• Jalnidhi Scheme: The scheme aims construction of 1353 water harvesting structures
(percolation tank) and 1354 deep boring tube wells, where 90% subsidy is provided to
the beneficiaries.
• Mechanization of Agriculture: The scheme aims to establish farm machinery
banks by the Cooperative Societies of farmers, FPOs, etc. in selected villages of the
State for purchase of different farm machinery with 80% subsidy.
19
• NABARD has sanctioned 7 Integrated Water Management Schemes in the year 2018-
19 for implementation of interventions/measures in 3600 ha area to enhance the
water availability and water use efficiency covering 35 villages in aspirational districts
of the State (East Singhbhum, West Singhbhum, Garhwa, Godda, Dumka, Palamu and
Gumla).
• For increasing production and productivity, NABARD is implementing watershed and
wadi development programmes across the State.
3.3.3 Major areas identified for focused attention and preparation of roadmaps
for next five years by State Govt to increase production & productivity in
agriculture.
• Reducing the cost of agriculture through technology transfer/adaptation in the

agriculture activities.
• Adoption of Package of Practices - 100 villages will be developed as Climate Smart
Agriculture Villages in each agro-climatic zone on the line of NICRA (National
Innovation in Climate Resilient Agriculture)
• Expanding irrigation base with focus on location specific rain water harvesting and
water productivity through pressurized irrigation system and solar pump sets
• Other Critical Infrastructure supporting agriculture and farmers’ welfare – promotion
of an inclusive farm mechanization, land development in a mission mode, conversion
of fallow land into cropped area mainly for pulses, bringing in second crops in rice
fallows.
3.4 Financing Small & Marginal Farmers, Oral lessees/ Tenant farmers/ Share
croppers, etc.
Provision of institutional finance to the cultivators not having land in their names has always
remained a challenge. Regulatory restrictions have encouraged unrecorded tenancies mostly
affecting small and marginal farmers who depend on leasing-in small plots on insecure terms
for short periods and without institutional support such as credit or subsidies. Government
may enact Land Leasing Policy as per Collective farming and community managed CPR-
oriented sustainable agriculture model in tribal pockets for pooling of land, joint investment
in fencing, creation of water resources, farm machinery banks, storage etc.
3.5 Land Records - Digitization and creation of charge
Department of Revenue and Land Reforms, Jharkhand has developed the MIS portal
http://jharbhoomi.nic.in in association with National Informatics Center (NIC) to digitize
land records system in Jharkhand. One of the major objectives of this portal is to provide
Jharkhand Land Record (Khesra, Khata) details online to the citizens. The Department of
Revenue and land Reforms, Jharkhand has claimed that land digitisation exercise continuing
across the State is nearing completion.
3.6 Micro credit
NABARD continues to play a major role of game changer in pursuit of universal coverage of
poor households for creating livelihoods through Self Help Groups. The Self Help Group Bank
Linkage Programme piloted by NABARD is the largest microfinance programme in the world.
The objective of NABARD has been to facilitate sustained access to financial services for the
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unreached segments of the population viz. the poor in the rural hinterlands through several
interventions and innovations by leveraging technology of various products and delivery
channels in a cost effective manner. The cumulative progress of SHG bank linkage programme
at all India level vis-à-vis Jharkhand is given in the Table 3.1 & 3.2 below.
Table 3.1: Progress of SHG Bank Linkage Programme-Jharkhand and All India
Sl. Particulars All India * Jharkhand *

No. Number of ₹ crore Number of ₹crore
SHGs SHGs
(Lakh) (Lakh)
1 SHGs savings linked 100.14 23324.48 2.38 297.19
2 SHGs credit linked 26.98 58317.63 0.33 276.09
during 2018-19
3 Bank loan 50.77 87098.15 0.90 474.74
outstanding
(*Source: Status of Micro Finance in India 2018-19, NABARD)
Table 3.2: SHG loan disbursement during 2018-19 and target for 2019-20
Sl. Particulars Credit disbursed during Credit disbursement target

No. 2018-19 (₹crore) for 2019-20 in Jharkhand
All India Jharkhand Number of Amount
SHGs (₹crore)
1 Commercial Banks 34492.47 190.00 54660 728.00
2 Regional Rural 19552.64 84.18 20100 269.00
Banks
3 Cooperative Banks 4272.52 1.91 240 3.00
Total 58317.63 276.09 75000 1000.00
(Source: Status of Micro Finance in India 2018-19, NABARD & SLBC, Jharkhand)
NABARD has been extending comprehensive financial support for promotion, nurturing and
linkage of SHGs, capacity building of stakeholders, viz: - Self Help Promoting Institutions
(SHPIs) like NGOs, Banks, support for livelihood creation and expansion and 100% refinance
to banks towards their lending to SHGs. The other initiatives taken up by NABARD are
assistance for Livelihood & Enterprise Development Programme (LEDP) and Micro
Enterprise Development Programme (MEDP) for promoting entrepreneurial talents of
members, GRLTPs for SHG members, Village Level Programmes to be conducted by banks,
sponsoring of successful entrepreneurs by providing free marketing platform for SHG
members for participation in different exhibitions, melas, etc.
3.6.1 EShakti: Digitization of SHG Accounts
Digital empowerment will help in bringing SHGs on a common web based e-platform by
making book-keeping easier and quicker sanction of loans to SHGs instead of manual book
keeping and physical visits of bankers to the SHGs for appraisal and monitoring. Reliable
transactional SHG data is extremely important for the bankers to extend credit and credit plus
services to the groups. The EShakti project aims at digitisation of all SHG accounts to bring
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SHG members under the fold of Financial Inclusion thereby helping them access wide range
of financial services together with increasing the bankers comfort in credit appraisal and
linkage. This will help banks to have access to data of SHG-BLP. It will be useful in promoting
the national agenda of Financial Inclusion and pave the way for digital/ cashless transactions,
credibility of SHG data, monitoring and recording of each transaction and communication of
the same to all members through SMS.
3.7 Rural Infrastructure and Linkage Support
Agricultural infrastructure in the form of irrigation, warehouse, cold chain and transportation
are well identified as an active cause for institutional support to the agrarian economy. In this
context, the Rural Infrastructure Development Fund (RIDF) and NABARD Infrastructure
Development Assistance (NIDA) have demonstrated significant relevance and utilisation over
the years. Infrastructure in the form of roads, bridges, electricity, telecommunication and
broadband, housing, healthcare, drinking water and sanitation are equally important to
ensure basic facilities to farmers and enhancing agro-processing and non-farm activities,
which could consequently boost rural GDP. Access to rural infrastructure has a strong impact
on rural economic development and reduction in incidence of poverty. It is necessary to
accelerate investment in rural infrastructure in order to generate additional employment,
create new economic opportunities, ensure delivery of related services and enhance credit
absorption. Conventionally, public investment is considered as a major provider of rural
infrastructure. It has enabling and encouraging effect on the private investment in agriculture.
To address this concern, GoI, instituted Rural Infrastructure Development Fund (RIDF) in
1995-96 in NABARD, entrusting it with the responsibility of channelizing financial resources
to the State Governments for rural infrastructure development. The RIDF now covers 37
activities related to rural infrastructure development. With allocations in every Union Budget
since inception, RIDF evolved as a major and popular source of finance to State Governments
for creation of rural infrastructure. In order to encourage the private sector to join hands with
the State machinery to provide and maintain infrastructure in rural areas, innovative funding
methods including Public Private Partnership (PPP mode), annuity payments, viability gap
funding, etc., need to be developed and implemented. To widen the scope of NIDA, NABARD
during 2014-15 introduced two new lines of credit for registered Infrastructure Finance
Companies (IFCs) and public financial institutions/companies for financing rural
infrastructure through the PPP mode. NABARD is the leading provider of affordable credit to
create and augment decentralised, modern and scientific storage and food processing in the
country, through Warehousing Infrastructure Fund (WIF). In line with GoI guidelines,
NABARD is providing assistance under the Food Processing Fund to the State Governments,
entities promoted by the State or Central governments, joint ventures, co-operatives,
federation of co-operative, SPVs, Farmers Producer Organisations (FPOs), companies,
entrepreneurs, etc.
3.8 Financial Inclusion
services needed by all sections of the society in general and vulnerable groups such as weaker
sections and low income groups in particular at an affordable cost in a fair and transparent
manner by mainstream institutional players. A large part of Indian population still does not
have access to basic banking services and other financial services like insurance, remittance
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and pension. As per 2011 census, in Jharkhand, 14.65 lakh households (30.10 % of the total
households) are availing banking facility. In rural and urban areas, about 21.2% and 62.20%
of the households, respectively, avail banking services. In order to provide cent percent
financial inclusion, all banks have migrated to Core Banking Systems, to facilitate services
such as remittances through National Electronic Fund Transfer (NEFT), Real Time Gross
Settlement(RTGS), National Electronic Clearing Services (NECS), Immediate Payment
Services (IMPS), UPI , Mobile banking, usage of e-wallet and Aadhar Enabled Payment System
(AEPS), etc.
3.8.1 Policy Initiatives on Financial Inclusion
The Committee on Financial Inclusion headed by Dr. C Rangarajan suggested providing access
to comprehensive financial services to all the households by 2015. As Gram Panchayats are at
the centre of the various developmental and welfare schemes and would play an important
role in electronic benefit transfer, it has been advised by Government of India that the service
area approach may be adopted for the coverage of entire country for financial inclusion. Ultra
Small Branches (USBs) are being set up at all places where opening of a brick and mortar
branches is presently not viable and in all FI villages covered or to be covered through BC
agents. Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) and Universal Social Security Schemes -
Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY), Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana
(PMSBY) and Atal Pension Yojana (APY) have been envisaged to benefit the poor and the
under privileged. To meet various risk related to farmers, Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana
(PMFBY) has also been rolled out by the Govt. of India.
3.8.2 Policy Initiative of NABARD
NABARD has been supporting banks in their efforts for creating financial awareness and also
delivery of financial services with assistance from Finance Inclusion Fund (FIF) in the past
decade. Concerted efforts of all stakeholders have brought notable progress on both the
counts. There are still certain regions which are financially excluded and banks where
technology adoption is inadequate, thus preventing equitable spread of financial services. To
address these disparities, a differentiated strategy is put in place for support from the FIF from
2019-20. Accordingly, more thrust is being given on backward districts (LWE affected and
Aspirational Districts), called Special Focus Districts (SFDs) and weak banks. Accordingly, the
grant support from FIF for all projects implemented in SFDs has been enhanced to 90% of the
eligible expenditure incurred by the implementing banks subject to maximum ceiling
prescribed for the scheme. The grant support for projects in other districts is restricted to 60%,
80% and 90% of eligible expenditure incurred by Scheduled Commercial Banks (SCBs)
including Small Finance Banks and Payment Banks, RRBs and RCBs respectively. In the
approach to FI under the differentiated strategy, which is circulated to banks vide HO Circular
No.105 / DFIBT-04 / 2019 dated 23 April 2019, banks have been advised to ensure that their
Financial Inclusion and Infrastructure Plans, both physical and financial terms, are in sync
with Gram Panchayat Development Plan and State’s preference for backward districts as well
as blocks.
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3.8.3 Support from NABARD under Financial Inclusion Fund (FIF)
The support provided by NABARD in financial inclusion initiatives is given below.

• Financial literacy awareness programmes including digital literacy through banks,
Financial Literacy Centres (FLCs), Centres for Financial Literacy (CFL), knowledge
dissemination through various means like mobile demo vans, street plays and
electronic media.
• Support to livelihood creation by
providing training infrastructure
at RSETI and RUDSETI of banks.
• Support to livelihoods training,
digitisation of SHGs and linking
them to banks online for
transparent accounting practices,
rating of SHGs to enable them to
get adequate credit from banks.
• Support to strengthening last
mile customer interface network
of banks through Business
Correspondents (BCs) and
Business Facilitators. Support to
the SHG members as Business Correspondents (BCs) under Bank Sakhi programme.
• Support for increasing banking touchpoints to banks adopting ICT solutions to extend
their outreach micro ATMs, POs/mPOs, BHIM Aadhar Pay Devices and interface
thereof with CBS.
• Support for PACS data migration to link them to CBS of RCBs, EMV chip based RuPay
Kisan Cards, ATM integration with CBS of bank and adoption of BHIM UPI App as
mobile banking initiative, as well as dual authentication in micro ATMs.
• Support for customer identity infrastructure to onboard technologies that enable
banks to adhere to regulatory requirements for financial inclusion like C-KYC Registry,
Authentication/e-KYC User Agency (AUA/KUA) membership of UIADI and Public
Financial Management System (PFMS) for Direct Benefit Transfer, Aadhar Enrolment
Centres, etc.
• NABARD has been evolving innovative models for linking the unbankable with formal
credit sources. During 2018-19, NABARD had extended financial assistance of ₹3.20
crore for creating awareness on financial inclusion. Under financial inclusion
programme, NABARD has undertaken many initiatives on both supply and demand
sides.
3.9 Past Trends in credit flow
During the year 2018-19, banks in the State disbursed ₹3824.82 lakh crore as ground level
credit to agriculture (agriculture and allied activities, agri-infrastructure and ancillary
activities), which was 45.88% of the yearly target under agriculture. Agricultural credit
disbursement continues to be dominated by Commercial Banks (86%). The share of Regional
Rural Banks (RRBs) has remained constant at 13%, while Cooperative Banks have gradually
lost out to Commercial Banks and their share in credit flow has declined over the years to reach
0.2% in 2018–19.
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Over the past decade (2008–09 to 2018–19), agricultural credit flow in the State grew at CAGR
of 12.40%, from ₹941.09 crore to ₹3824.82 crore. The share of term loan in total agricultural
credit disbursed, declined from 57% in 2015-16, to 42% in 2018-19. The total achievement
under agriculture has gradually declined from 71% in 2011-12 to 45% in 2018-19. The
achievement under MSME sector has remained more than 100% from 2015-16 onwards,
maximum achievement observed in 2017-18 (141%).
3.10 Doubling Farmers’ income by 2022
As per NABARD All India Financial Inclusion Survey (NAFIS) 2016–17, agricultural
households, which accounted for 48% of rural households, earned ₹1,07,172/- during 2015-16
from cultivation, livestock, non-farm sector activities and wages/salaries. However, the
income levels for Jharkhand are well below the national average and among the lowest in 29
States covered in the survey. The farmers in the State reported average income and surplus of
₹5,854/- and ₹310/-, respectively, per household per month. Low level of the absolute income
of the farm households is inadequate for supporting them through the year. Thus, special
measures and State specific action plans are required to double the incomes in a specified time
span.
3.11 Suggested Action points for the stakeholders
i. Enhancing farm based livelihood by providing better market access for farm
produce (through JOHAR, FPO and other programmes), improving land quality and
access to technical services, increasing the irrigation potential of the State.
ii. Cropping intensity: Jharkhand has a cropping intensity of 126% against the
national average of about 140%. Measures such as promotion of use of mulching
practices wherever feasible to grow more than one crop in a year, introduction of multi
cropping with one catch crop/ relay crop between two main crops and selection of short
duration crop variety for kharif as well as rabi season to accommodate double crop, can
help increase the crop intensity.
iii. Crop diversification:
▪ Credit facility for establishment of commercial floriculture, apiary and nurseries
▪ Promotion of low-cost nursery models for horticultural crops in villages to ensure
quality planting material available at affordable prices to the farmers
iv. Lac Cultivation: There is need to promote and strengthen the organized lac market
in the lac producing areas. To streamline the procurement activities at local level, the
lac growers may be encouraged to form Self Help Groups (SHGs) or Joint Liability
Groups (JLGs) for financial inclusion of weaker sections and resource poor farmers.
41 different blocks in the seven major lac-growing districts have been identified by
NABARD for scientific cultivation of lac through JLG.
v. Animal Husbandry
a. Poultry and Goatery:
▪ Promotion of backyard and commercial egg production units through various
schemes.
▪ Duck farming along with fish rearing to supplement the egg production.
▪ Strengthen State Poultry Farms and capacity of Layer and Backyard Parent stock.
▪ Improve animal health service by strengthening of existing veterinary hospitals
mobile polyclinic and referral veterinary hospitals.
▪ Promotion of goatery and poultry farming in the State through existing SHGs and
JLGs.
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b. Dairy:
▪ Implementation of programmes for fodder and feed development under National
Livestock Mission as fodder is a vital ingredient to increase productivity of milch
animals.
▪ Increasing substantially organized milk procurement and area of operations of
Jharkhand Milk Federation. Potential villages should be covered under institutional
milk procurement network.
▪ Establish Data Processing Milk Collection Unit (DPMCU) at all potential locations in
the State within the next three years. Bulk Milk Coolers may be established at strategic
locations in all the milk producing clusters of the State
▪ Training and capacity building of milk producers and rural unemployed educated
youths, Gokul Mitra and Dudh Mitra, as regards improved technologies of dairy
farming.
vi. Food Processing: About half of Jharkhand’s population is engaged in the agricultural
and primary sector, which has huge untapped potential in agriculture, horticulture,
fishery and animal husbandry. Jharkhand offers favourable climatic environment for
these products. This potential could be utilized for the development of a vibrant food
processing industry in Jharkhand to meet its own needs and provide it to the other States
and countries. Jharkhand is well positioned to become the hub for agro and food
processing. There is a huge scope of cashew processing, medicinal plants processing,
honey production and meat products. Demand of corn flakes in India is increasing at 10%
per annum. At tertiary level corn grits turn into cornflakes. Tertiary level processing is
still low in Jharkhand for maize, which implies low barriers to entry for new entrants
3.12 Skill India Scheme related to agriculture and non-agriculture
Jharkhand Skill Development Mission Society (JSDMS) was registered under the Societies
Registration Act, 1860 to function as an autonomous organization under the Department of
Planning and Development, Government of Jharkhand. However, JSDMS was made an
autonomous institution under the Department of Labour, Employment, Training & Skill
Development, Government of Jharkhand, through the State Government notification dated 18
June 2015. In order to augment the skill development process, JSDMS enhances the
employability of the youth and empower them to take part in the economic growth of
Jharkhand as well as India. The aim is to offer professional and skill training in modern and
market driven professions at reasonable cost and monitor its delivery. JSDMS is also focused
on delivering quality programs through its partners and has put emphasis on the development
of a competent curriculum, which should be based on the National Occupational Standards
(NOS) and Qualification Packs (QPs) developed by the Sector Skill Councils established under
the National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC). The focus of the training is on the ‘high
impact’ sectors of Jharkhand, which include Agriculture, Food Processing, Domestic Workers,
Security, Handicrafts, Construction, Mining, Power & Utilities, Tourism & Hospitality, Retail,
Telecom, Apparel, Beauty & Wellness, Transportation & Logistics, Automotive, IT/ITES, etc.
The training curriculum have mandatory modules on soft skills, computer literacy, financial
literacy and entrepreneurship and adequate practical and on- job training/internship
opportunities. NABARD has launched Skill Training Policy 2017 to provide grant assistance
to NGOs, Govt Deptt, NSDC approved Training Institutes, RETI / RUDSETI etc to supplement
the effort of GOI on Skill Training Mission.
****
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Chapter 4
Potential Credit Outlay
4.1 Credit Potential for Agriculture
Agriculture is one of the important focus sectors for economic development of Jharkhand. It
is a major source of employment, income generation and food security in the State. The sector
including livestock and fisheries contributes about 11% of GSVA of the State and about 66.85%
of total workforce in the State depend on it. The crop production alone constituted 7.91% of
GSVA of the State in 2018-19 (Economic Survey, Jharkhand 2018-19). The small and marginal
farmers having less than 2 ha of land and accounting for 37% of the cultivable land of the State
contribute to the major share of agricultural economy. The geographical area of the State is
79.71 lakh hectare and the cultivable land area is 38 lakh hectares i.e. 48% of total geographical
area. The State is classified into three distinct agro-climatic zones i.e. the central and western
plateau zone, the central and north eastern plateau zone and the south eastern plateau zone.
Kharif is the main cropping season. The net sown area of the State is 28.36 lakh ha i.e. 36 %
of the total geographical area and 75% of the total cultivable land. The kharif crops are grown
in around 28 lakh hectares and rabi crops are grown in about 11 lakh hectares of land.
Agriculture in the State is mainly rain-fed and dependent on the South West monsoon. The
average rainfall in the State is 1200 to 1300mm but its distribution is erratic.
According to revised Priority Sector Lending (PSL) guidelines issued to banks, agriculture
sector has been regrouped and broadly segmented into three sub-sectors viz., (i) Farm Credit
(short term crop loans and medium/long term investment credit to farmers), (ii) Agriculture
Infrastructure and (iii) Ancillary Activities. Within the 18% target for agriculture, a sub-target
of 8% is fixed for credit flow to small and marginal farmers. The domestic banks are directed
to ensure that the overall lending to non-corporate farmers does not fall below the system-
wide average of the last 3 years’ achievement. All efforts should be maintained to reach the
level of 13.5 percent direct lending to the beneficiaries, which earlier constituted direct
agriculture sector. For the year 2019-20, the applicable system wide average figure is 12.11%.
4.1.1 Farm Credit

4.1.1.1 Crop Production, Maintenance and Marketing
The diversified agro-climatic conditions of Jharkhand are suitable for raising of cereals
including coarse cereals, pulses and oilseeds. There are 38.14 lakh cultivators (Main and
marginal) in the State (Source: Agricultural Statistics at a Glance 2018, GoI). Considering the
importance of this sector in development of rural economy, it has been identified as one of the
five major focus areas by the State Government and emphasis is laid for improving production,
productivity and profitability of crop husbandry in the State. About 90% of the cultivated area
in the State is used for production of food grains and only 4 to 6% of the land is used for
growing cash crops. About 80% of the cultivated area is used for single crop of paddy (kharif)
in a year and rest 20% of the area is used for more than one crop i.e. mostly vegetables. The
irrigation coverage is less in the State since only 20% of the net sown area have assured
irrigation facility as against the potential of 30% of the net sown area. The fallow lands in the
State are about 16.5 lakh ha (i.e. about 21% of total area). The cultivable waste lands are about
2.74 lakh ha. The cropping intensity is lower at 120%. The seed replacement rate of the State
is also lower at 15%. The State Govt. is giving focus for crop diversification so as to cover more
area under multiple crops and shifting of area under paddy to vegetables, oilseeds and pulses.
27
The use of chemical fertilisers (N, P & K) is lower in the State at 50.58 kg per ha (2017-18) as
against all India average of 128.02 kg/ha.
More than 60% of the area under crops in kharif is paddy, followed by pulses (14%) and maize
(10%). There has been increase in area, yield and production of paddy during last three years
(2015-16 to 2017-18). The total food grain production in the State has been 75.74 lakh MT and
79.55 lakh MT for the year 2016-17 and 2017-18, respectively.
With continued policy support to double cropping in rice fallows and conversion of other
fallows into cropped areas and of course with higher technology support, the State has the
potential occupying a prominent place in the pulses map of India along with Maharashtra,
Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka and Gujarat thereby improving the economic conditions of its
small and marginal farmers. The government is taking concerted efforts through various
schemes and policy support for development of agriculture and allied activities viz., interest
subvention, double cropping rice fallow scheme, conversion of fallow land to cropped area,
Vishesh Fasal Yojana, Single Window Centre, mechanisation of agriculture, etc.
As per the Jharkhand Vision and Action Plan 2018-2021, the Govt. of Jharkhand will focus on
following areas for overall improvement and growth of the sector.
• Increasing farm productivity and efficiency to increase farmers earnings.
• Enhancing storage and processing capacity for agriculture produce.
• Improving access to markets and market linkage for farmers to enhance price
realisation.
• Shifting to sustaianble agriculture practices.
a. Crop-wise performance and prospects
The total area under paddy in the State during 2017-18 was 17.35 lakh ha with production of
51.32 lakh MT and 15.27 lakh ha with production of 40.47 lakh MT during 2018-19 (first
advanced estimate). The productivity of paddy was at 2350 kg/ha in 2017-18 as against all
India average of 2578 kg/ha. Jharkhand ranks 14th and 1oth position in terms of area and
productivity, respectively for paddy in the country. The second most important crop in
Jharkhand is maize with coverage of 2.94 lakh ha and production of 5.97 lakh tonnes in 2017-
18. The productivity level of maize was 1996 kg/ha against all India average of 3032 kg/ha.
The State occupies 9th position and 12th position, respectively in terms of area and productivity
of maize. The wheat is grown in 2.21 lakh ha with yield of 2126 kg/ha as against the all India
average of 3371 kg/ha. The State occupies second rank after Madhya Pradesh in terms of
productivity of pulses at 1065 kg/ha as against the national average of 841 kg/ha (Source:
Agriculture Statistics at a Glance 2018, GoI). Gram, Arhar and Masur are the major pulses
grown in the State. Rapeseed and mustard are the major oilseed crops grown in the State.
There is potential for increasing area and productivity for food grains and oilseeds in the State.
b. Policy prescriptions
The State has seen many improvements on agriculture production and productivity despite
the shortfall in irrigation. The State received Krishi Karman Award in 2011-12, 2012-13 for
pulses production and in 2013-14 for coarse cereals. The State has also bagged Krishi Karman
Award under rice category in the year 2018. The production of kharif and rabi crops has
increased significantly over the years. However, further improvement is required on many
fronts viz., improvement of soil by using manure, use of high quality seeds, adoption of
technology by small and marginal farmers to enhance productivity, storage and marketing
channels and agriculture research, etc.
28
The efforts of the State Govt. in creation of almost 2 lakh farm ponds locally termed as dobha
has been recognized at the national level for its effectiveness in mitigating distress level of
farmers, who have not only benefitted from increased irrigation facility for crop production
but also have expanded farming options involving fisheries. With continued policy support to
double cropping in rice fallows and conversion of other fallows into cropped areas and higher
technology support, the State has the potential to occupy a prominent place in the pulses map
of India.
Need for Crop Diversification
Jharkhand is known for mono-cropped paddy cultivation under rain-fed conditions. The
diversification towards pulses, oilseeds and other higher value crops requiring low input and
integrated farming system of crop, livestock and fisheries may be planned for increasing
farmers’ income. With development of high yielding/hybrid varieties of pulses & oilseeds and
adoption of package of practices by most of the growers, the cultivation of these diversified
crops have almost become sustainable due to least risk with minimum investment.
Rain Water harvesting and conservation
The State receives average annual rainfall of 1200-1300 mm, which gives opportunity for
efficient water use through water conservation and water use efficiency technologies viz.,
construction of small to medium check dams, tanks, ponds and small ditches with farmers’
participation to develop additional irrigation facilities in 50000 ha annually, soil conditioning
to increase soil water holding capacity, adopting water conserving irrigation methods i.e. drip
irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, etc.
Agriculture Research
Technology is an important enabler in all the sectors be it primary, secondary or tertiary.

Investment in agriculture research is important in view of the target to double farmers’ income
by 2022 and to increase the food grain production. Higher investment is required to develop
proper infrastructural facilities to contribute significantly in technology development,
management, HRD and dissemination of sustainable technologies to accelerate agricultural
production. The laboratories and farms of SAU (State Agriculture Universities) should be
modernized and upgraded by creating state of the art facilities with the financial support of
State Government.
d. Ground Level Credit (GLC) flow
There has been increase in ground level credit disbursement by banks for crop loan in the State
during last three years. The GLC flow for crop loan for the years 2016-17, 2017-18 and 2018-
19 was ₹1805.00 crore, ₹2380.00 crore and ₹2186.87 crore, respectively. The GLC flow to the
sector is not commensurate to the potential available with reference to number of cultivators,
potential for increasing production and productivity of major crops.
e. Projection of Credit Potential
The potential of credit support for crop production, maintenance and marketing for the year
2020-21 has been projected at ₹7044.57 crore, an increase of 8.15% over the projections made
for the year 2019-20. The district wise projections are given in Annexure I.
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f. Strategy for doubling farmers’ income

(i) Reducing cost of cultivation and increasing productivity
There has been marginal increase in productivity of crops over the years. The productivity of
the most of the crops is below the national average except pulses. Despite copious rainfall, the
low productivity of crops in the State is due to various factors like low seed replacement rate,
low net irrigated area, poor soil health, low farm mechanisation, low adoption of technologies,
etc. Both short-term and long-term strategy should be laid down for cutting the cost i.e.
organised procurement of seeds, fertilisers, pesticides and other inputs through farmer’s
collectives viz., farmers clubs, producers’ organisations, JLGs and other community level
organisations for wholesale procurement and distribution amongst the members. As regards
seeds, State Govt. is encouraging seed village programme through KVKs as a long term
measure and has plans to encourage its processing locally by establishment of processing
plants. Other approaches of crop management such as Integrated Nutrient Management,
Integrated Pest Management with emphasis on non-pesticide mechanism and increasing use
of green manuring, vermi-compost, farm-yard manure, bio-fertilisers will reduce cost,
improve sustainability, quality and profitability. Increased use of solar pump sets for providing
irrigation and development of micro-irrigation systems viz: - drip irrigation, sprinkler
irrigation, etc. are to be emphasized.
(ii) Market Reforms
Jharkhand is a pioneering State in completing pre-requisite reforms in its APMC Act. Out of
28 APMCs in the State, 19 APMC mandis are linked to E-NAM and trading is taking place in 4
APMCs. However, to leverage the potential trading through E-NAM and realising the benefits,
the agriculture markets need to be modernised. Besides this, as envisaged under the amended
APMC Act, the new institutional arrangements for production, aggregation and procurement
of produce from farmers including contract farming may be piloted.
(iii) Link to Industry- Food Processing
There has been a major missing link between agriculture and industry due to poor
development of secondary agriculture consisting of post-harvest activities, food value chain,
forward linkages, supply chain, etc. Creation of supply chain infrastructure should be
encouraged and incentivised to be established as joint ventures between private sector and
FPOs with proper representation of farmer producers in their management
(iv) Credit availability
The key problem of farmers especially the poorer ones is access to capital at reasonable rate of
interest. The present credit structure and policies tend to view small and marginal farmers as
unviable clients to avail credit. Adequate and timely credit flow to farmers through KCC or
other modes such as JLG (for landless farmers, oral lessees and share croppers) is important.
(v) Crop Insurance - PMFBY
Under the ambitious programme, 8.42 lakh farmers were covered in the kharif crop in the year
2019 and 41180 farmers were covered in the rabi. The coverage of loanee farmers has not been
adequate. A universal coverage will protect the income of farmers in view of rising rain fall
30
variability adversely impacting crop production. The total area insured was around 3 lakh ha
i.e. about 19% of the cropped area in 2017-18.
(vi) Soil Health Management
Soils of Jharkhand are medium in nitrogen and potassium availability, low to very low in
availability of Phosphorous and Sulphur and deficient in Boron. Further, most of its soils are
acidic. Against this backdrop and as per the call given by Hon’ble PM, Agriculture Department
has started issuing soil health cards to farmers. 637507 Soil Health Cards (SHC) have been
distributed as on 30 June 2018 (Cycle-I) and 193185 SHC in Cycle II of the programme as on
13.11.2018. However, this process needs to be expedited as there is considerable gap.
(vii) Farm management and region specific farm plans
On the basis of regional strengths, a combination of different enterprise may be recommended

for increasing the productivity per unit of resources and made available to farmers especially
to be oriented towards complete enterprise management of small farms for impacting farmer’s
income. Considering the bio-diversity, sustainable management of land which should combine
market oriented crops, economical multipurpose tree crops-timber and fuel wood, green leaf
manure crops, animals simultaneously or sequentially will be appropriate for the State to
impact farmer’s income. Considering the topography, hill agriculture and sloping agriculture
land technology based agro-forestry is recommended.
(viii) Integrated Farming
The income and profitability of farmers can be enhanced by integrating agriculture practices
with livestock farming (poultry, goatery, piggery, dairy and fisheries). The integrated farming
practices are ideal for small and marginal farmers to de-risk the effects of climate change,
market fluctuations etc.
(ix) Post-harvest technology for reducing post-harvest losses and value addition
at farmers’ end
Threshing, cleaning and drying is associated with about 15% losses. Provision of post-harvest
equipment viz., cleaners, graders, driers, metal bins and improved milling equipment can
minimize the losses upto 6%. Further, for primary processing of produce within the farmers’
household itself for value addition and better price realisation. Improved post-harvest
technology developed by agencies like CFTRI Mysore, IITs, NRRI, etc. for processing of paddy,
pulses and oilseeds may be made available.
(x) Prevalence of Dry land and Rain fed Farming-Promoting sustainable
agriculture under NMSA
The crop production is largely rain fed. The dry land classified technologies, which have been
developed by ICAR led research needs to be transferred to farmers’ fields with a view to
managing natural resources and promoting sustainable/conservation agriculture.
(xi) Strengthening Agriculture Extension
The research institutions like BAU, ICAR-RCER, ICAR-CRURRS and KVKs needs to play a
larger role in technology dissemination and planning integrated agriculture development.
FPOs and FCs promoted by NABARD need to be associated in a regular and meaningful way
for implementation of policies and programmes. The ARYA scheme of the State Government
31
for building agriculture entrepreneurial ability and capacity of rural youth needs to be up-
scaled.
g. Suggested Action Points
State Govt.
• Soil health cards may be provided to all farmers and the farmers may be advised
accordingly for application of fertilizers for ensuring sustainable soil health.
• Mobile soil testing labs may be established and the existing soil testing labs may be
strengthened to provide Soil Health Cards to all farmers. Soil testing labs may be
established in each gram panchayat.
• PACS may be strengthened to act as Multi Service Centres for meeting the credit and
non-credit inputs and marketing needs of farmers.
• The rice fallows may be utilized for growing crops like pulses and oilseeds to increase
the cropping intensity.
• Availability of certified seed to farmers is required to be ensured for increasing
productivity of major crops except pulses by promoting more seed village programmes.
• FPOs may be formed in cluster for certified seed production and the seed certification
facilities may be streamlined. The seed testing facilities may be set up in each KVK.
• Crop rotation and diversification into pulses, oil seeds and vegetables may be
popularized.
• Agriculture Dept. may facilitate generating KCC applications. All farmers may be
covered under KCC and the Govt. may help the banks in recovery of KCC loan through
Krishak Mitras.
• Focus on creating awareness among farmers about zero tillage farming, integrated
farming system, organic farming, high tech agriculture, post-harvest management.
• Farmers Service Centres may be established in each block/gram panchayat to provide
a range of services like supply of seeds, fertilizers, soil testing facility, seed treatment,
etc.
• Increasing capacity of scientific storage infrastructure. Village level small dry and cold
storage infrastructure (100 to 1000 MT) may be set up.
• Primary processing infrastructure may be set up at panchayat/village level to reduce
post-harvest losses.
• Agricultural marketing infrastructure of APMCs may be strengthened with respect to
storage, grading, quality certification, etc. to facilitate trading in e-NAM platform.
• The ACABC scheme may be popularized to strengthen agri -extension services and self-
employment educated unemployed youth.
• Extension of irrigation facilities to cover 50% of the net sown area. Focus may be given
on completion of ongoing irrigation projects and development of minor irrigation
including lift and micro irrigation projects.
• Development of marketing infrastructure in rural haats and bringing all APMCs under
e-NAM.
• Increased awareness on water conservation and water management may be created
including drip and sprinkler irrigation.
• Focus on off season and high value vegetable cultivation in poly houses and low cost
protected structures.
• Minor irrigation facilities may be developed through MGNREGS.
• The interest subvention schemes of the State and Central Govt. may be popularized.
32
• Fixing/reviewing of adequate scale of finance for agriculture and allied activities like
Animal Husbandry and Fisheries should be attempted regularly.
Banks
• Timely and adequate production credit requirement of farmers needs to be addressed.
There is wide gap in issue of KCC to farmers. KCC may be issued to all eligible farmers
including beneficiaries of PM-KISAN.
• The credit limit under KCC may be fixed as per the guidelines of NABARD/RBI. Special
emphasis may be given by the banks for increasing crop loan through KCC.
• The financing of small and marginal, land less farmers may be taken up through JLG
mode.
• All loanee farmers should be compulsorily covered under PMFBY.
• Banks may finance vermi composting, vegetable waste composting and bio-pesticide
units for promotion of organic farming.
• Banks may finance agricultural marketing infrastructure projects under the GoI
scheme having subsidy assistance routed through NABARD.
• KCC RuPay cards may be issued to all eligible farmers.
• Banks to educate and encourage farmers to use RuPay cards issued to promote digital
transaction.
4.1.1.2 Water Resources
Water for irrigation is one of the most critical inputs to improve agricultural
production/productivity. The State has total agricultural land of 29.74 lakh ha. There is need
to create irrigation facilities for 24.25 lakh ha of land. There is 30169 MCM of water available
in the State, out of which surface water is 25877 MCM (86%) and ground water is 4292 MCM.
A total of 3813 MCM water is required for irrigation in the State. The utilization of surface
water for irrigation is to the tune of 41%. The net annual ground water availability in the State
is 5.99 bcm. Out of 260 blocks, 4 have been categorized as “over exploited”, 2 as “critical”, 10
as “semi-critical” and 244 as “safe”. The minor irrigation potential in the State is estimated at
98.78 thousand hectares in different river basins of the State. The availability of ground water
and surface water is decreasing and there is need for water conservation and management.
Under AIBP, the total potential created in the State is 121.61 thousand ha. upto March 2018 as
against the ultimate potential of 299.30 ha. The total area covered under micro irrigation in
the State as on 31 March 2018 is 32412 ha (drip irrigation -18011 ha & 14401 ha).
To boost irrigated area and crop yield, “Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana” has been
launched by the Union Govt. in July 2015. All the districts of Jharkhand have submitted
District Irrigation Plans (DIPs) under which a five-year action plan is given for
implementation of various components of PMKSY with an integrated approach. The four
major components of PMKSY are (i) Assured Irrigation Benefit Programme; (ii) Har Khet ko
Pani; (iii) Per Drop More Crop and (iv) Watershed Development.
a. Infrastructure & Support Services
• Apart from office of SGWIO and CGWB at Ranchi, GoJ has set up Jharkhand Hill Area
Lift Irrigation Corporation (JHALCO) to take care of the responsibility of Lift
Irrigation schemes.
33
• Various Departments of State Government like Minor Irrigation, Rural Development,

Agriculture, Soil Conservation are involved in creation of infrastructure, watershed
development and related support for irrigation.
b. Projection of Credit Potential
There is need for financing of new irrigation structures (dug wells, bore wells, etc), pumping
system (conventional and solar power based), water conservation technologies, etc. The total
credit potential for development of minor irrigation is projected at ₹546.63 crore for the year
2020-21, an increase of 8.10% over the projections made for the year 2019-20. The district
wise projections are given in Annexure I.
c. Infrastructure Gap and Interventions required

• Farmers face difficulty in getting diesel in few interior pockets on account of uneven
spread of supply network.
• Land ownership/restrictive provisions of the CNT & SPT Acts are impediments to
financing of minor irrigation activity on large scale by the banking system.
• Reliable and quality electric power supply (duration and quality of power) need to be
ensured.
• Availability of energy efficient pump sets (star rating by BEE) need to be ensured.
d. Suggested Action Points

• Enhancement in investment credit and Public Investments:
Capital formation in agriculture is required to enables farmers to use their resources
more productively and realize the long term growth. However, small land holdings, low
productivity, predominantly grain-oriented subsistence farming and consequential
lack of adequate surplus do not provide enough incentives for individual farmers to
make capital investments in their farm. Thus, it is imperative in the current context to
step up public investments under the sector leading to substantially higher capital
formation in agriculture with increased allocations for land development and water
resources sector in State Annual Plans for next 5-10 years, alongside incentivizing
diversified farming and encouraging private investments through institutional credit.
• State Govt. & banks need to establish functional coordination by linking demonstration
with credit off-take i.e. funding part of the beneficiaries’ contribution by banks and also
make efforts for replication of BGREI technology demonstrations/pilots on a larger
scale by other farmers with bank credit so as to promote land development, farm
mechanization, seed development and water resources development activities.
• In view of significant area of fallow land and huge run-off of surface water at about
80%, promotion of water harvesting structures like construction of check dams need
to be taken up on a large-scale.
• Water Resources Department may plan for capital investment schemes e.g. micro-lift
system, etc. and the management of these may be entrusted to the community
organizations/ WUAs to bring a sense of owning the structures among the people.
• Introduction of smart card enabled Payment System for rational use of water and usage
transparency
• Distribution network of irrigation water needs to be improved to prevent water loss
due to seepage, etc. by construction of lined field channels/covered drains/distribution
through pipes.
34
• Solar pumps and manual treadle pumps may be promoted for smaller holdings.
• Funding for completing Irrigation Schemes can be done by NABARD under RIDF,
LTIF and NIDA.
4.1.1.3 Farm Mechanization
Farm mechanisation helps in enhancing cropping intensity, efficient use of inputs, timeliness
of farm operations and reduction of crop losses in different stages of farm production and
post-harvest operations. The farm machineries like hand tools, animal drawn equipment,
power tillers, tractors, power threshers, weeders, harrower, combine harvester, sprayers &
duster, electric and oil motors, processing and hauling equipment and helps in efficient
utilisation of inputs viz. seed, fertiliser and water and also crucial for reducing cost of
cultivation and enhancing quality of produce. Therefore, to increase production and
productivity using latest agriculture technologies with intensive agriculture and increase in
cropping intensity within a time frame, there is need to increase the farm power availability
across the State.
a. Prospects/Potential of the Sector
Farm Mechanization is critical as it facilitates timely agricultural operations. It has the

potential to expand production; adoption of multiple cropping pattern; improve timeliness of
operations; widen the application of power to crop processing; optimum utilization of
irrigation and infrastructure; compensate for labour shortages and alleviate drudgery. As per
scientific estimation, it has a potential to increase the productivity by 10 to 20% and 20-25%
reduction in cost through land preparation, deep ploughing, seed bed preparation, raised bed
preparation; 25-45% increase in productivity in paddy through mechanized rice transplanting;
10-15% extra income from better crop residue management. Tractor is one of the universally
used farm machines however, mere tractorization cannot be described as farm mechanization.
Technological improvements in the field of agriculture have motivated farmers to adopt
intensive agricultural practices which necessitates the use of mechanised devices for timely
completion of farm operations however, lack of other resources such as irrigation facility etc.
are major constraint. The total no. of tractors sold in Jharkhand was 14718 during 2017-18.
Thus, the potential of farm mechanisation remains largely underutilised.
The average farm power availability in the State before implementation of SMAM was 0.998
kW/ha (2014) and it increased to 1.205 kW/ha by the end of 2016-17, thus registering a 20.7
% increase in farm power availability in three years. The farm power availability in State is
40% less than the national average i.e. 2.025 kW/ha at the end of 2016-17. Also, there is wide
variation in farm power availability among districts, which ranges from 0.545 kW/ha in Gumla
district to 5.525 kW/ha in Bokaro district. (Source: WAPCOS limited final report on
monitoring, concurrent evaluation and impact assessment of sub-mission on agricultural
mechanization).
b. Projection of credit potential
Keeping in view the mission of doubling production of food grain and the commitment of
Central and State Government for better infrastructure facilities and support services, the total
credit potential for the sector has been projected at ₹679.73 crore for the year 2020-21, an
increase of 8.26 % over the credit potential assessed for the year 2019-20. The district wise
details of projections are given in Annexure -I.
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c. Critical interventions required
One of the major constraints of increasing agricultural production and productivity is the
inadequacy of farm power and machinery with the farmers. The average farm power
availability needs to be increased to assure timeliness and quality in field operations,
undertake heavy field operations like sub soiling, chiselling, deep ploughing, summer
ploughing, handling agricultural produce and by-products efficiently, process them for value
addition, income and employment generation. All these works in agricultural operations are
possible only with adequate agricultural mechanization support infrastructure viz., (a) Repair-
service centre at block level, (b) Farm Machinery Bank at Gram Panchayat level and (c) Small
farm Tool Bank at village level.
d. Strategy
The concept of agricultural mechanization is dynamic and situation specific. Availability of

adequate farm power for mobile and stationary farm operations should be increased from the
present level of about 1.21 kW/ ha to about 1.54 and 2.65 kW/ha by 2020 and 2030,
respectively. The strategies needed for the mechanization across the State are as under-
• Introduction of package of animal drawn equipment and small hand tools for different
crops in rain-fed regions of State. Units for manufacturing of small hand tools and
animal drawn implements to meet the demand of the farmers should be promoted by
involving Research Institutes and agricultural implements manufacturers at
District/Block/Gram Panchayat level.
• Mechanization of paddy cultivation through promotion of puddler, drum seeder,
paddy transplanter and paddy thresher (pedal and power operated).
• Equipment for mechanization of orchard crops - pit making, transplanting of saplings,
pruning, spraying in tall crops, harvesting of fruits etc. need to be
identified/imported/designed, introduced and popularized.
• Vegetable crop production has to be mechanized for which equipment for seed bed
preparation, planting, transplanting of seedlings, inter culture, irrigation, spraying
harvesting, picking/digging has to be identified/designed and introduced.
• Promoting processing of agricultural produce for employment generation through
value addition of raw material.
e. Suggested Action Points

State Government
• Smaller holdings are becoming uneconomic units to support mechanization.
Therefore, large scale mechanization with big machinery is difficult unless government
takes up land consolidation and promotes cooperative farming. Custom Hiring Centres
(Farm Machinery Bank and Small Tool Bank) could be considered as a viable option.
But these centers need a minimum scale for efficient operation as the activity is capital
intensive. PACS/farmer Groups say ‘Farmers Clubs’ or Farmer Producer
Organization/Self Help Groups may be encouraged for the same. State Government
may provide subsidy or interest subvention to promote cooperative farming.
• Agriculture Department, ATMA and KVK should take the initiative to encourage skill
development of farmers for proper use of farm machinery.
36
• RSETI may conduct skill development programme for unemployed youth in agro
service sector especially for repair and maintenance of the farm machinery and
implements.
Banks:
• Banks may take a positive and flexible attitude towards the financing of farm
machinery. Bank, while sanctioning loan to farmer for the purpose of purchase of
tractor may take income from custom hiring into consideration. Banks may finance
through alternative approaches viz. providing credit to Joint Liability Groups,
Farmers’ Clubs, Farmers Producer Organization, Self Help Groups, etc. for financing
tractors, power tillers and small tools.
• Banks may extend credit facilities to the technically qualified unemployed trained
youth for setting up of Farmers' Service Centres, Agri Clinic and Agri Business centers
considering the need for increasing number of farm machineries in the district.
4.1.1.4 Plantation and Horticulture including Sericulture
a. Plantation and Horticulture
The agro-climatic conditions of the State are conducive for commercial cultivation of fruits,
vegetables, flowers and medicinal & aromatic plants. The total area under various horticulture
crops in the State was 406.16 thousand ha with total production of 4568.59 thousand MT
during 2017-18 (Source: Agriculture Statistics at a Glance 2018, GoI). The total area and
production of fruit crops in the State was 102.58 thousand ha and 1075.97 thousand MT,
respectively. The total area and production of vegetables was 287.79 thousand ha and 3476.35
thousand MT. The major fruit crops of the State in terms of area coverage are Mango (52%),
Jackfruit (14%), and Banana (8.79%) and Guava (8%). In terms of production, the major fruit
crops are Mango, Jackfruit and Papaya. Jharkhand occupies third position with respect to
productivity of Papaya. Among the vegetables grown in the State, the area coverage is more
for brinjal, followed by potato. In terms of productivity, the State ranks first in the country for
peas at 22.27 quintal/ha. The major districts for growing vegetables are given in the Table 4.1
below.
Table 4.1: Major vegetable producing districts of Jharkhand
Sl. No. Name of vegetable Major districts

1 Beans Ranchi, Khunti and Lohardaga
2 Cabbage Giridih and Ranchi
3 Capsicum Pakur, Bokaro and Dumka
4 Peas Lohardaga, Simdega and Ranchi
The State in recent times has emerged as new cashew growing belt with varieties of cashew
being produced in different parts of the State. Districts like Saraikela, East Singhbhum and
West Singhbhum have the major chunk of the Cashew Plantation. The total area under cashew
was 14.83 thousand ha with production 5.83 thousand MT.
37
GoJ is implementing GoI’s rechristened scheme of “MIDH” which envisages integrated

promotion of horticulture. Further, GoJ is also running State Plan schemes like
“Establishment and Development of Nursery for Input Subsidy” and “Development of
Nutritional Fruit Plants and Vegetables”, etc. to provide assistance for various activities and
“Special Crop specific schemes - Floriculture & Banana” in order to promote floriculture and
banana cultivation. Pack houses (1018) and integrated Pack house (one) have been created
under MIDH, as on 31.03.2017. There are 58 cold storages developed in the State with storage
capacity of 236680 MT (Agricultural Statistics at a Glance 2018, GoI).
b. Sericulture
Jharkhand ranks first in the production of Tasar silk and produces about 70% of the tasar silk
in the country. During 2018-19, total 2981 MT of tasar was produced. Jharkhand is the only
State in the country to have achieved an integrated silk production chain. The major silk worm
rearing districts are Singhbum, Dumka, Giridih, Hazaribagh, Ranchi, Palamu and Dhanbad.
However, the reeling and weaving is primarily done only in Saraikela Kharsawan and West
Singhbhum. The State has an immense potential for growth in this sector.
Sericulture is a household activity and the involvement of family members and contributions
of women in carrying out sericulture is widely accepted. As a cottage industry, Sericulture
provides ample work for women in rural areas, particularly in silkworm rearing and reeling,
spinning, weaving, while men largely work in the field. The involvement of women in different
activities of sericulture is about 53% and their contribution in the on-farm activities
understandably is lower than that in post-cocoon activities. Establishment of one acre
mulberry garden for rearing 300 DFLs (Disease Free Layings) of silk worms in two months
generates 96.36 person days of employment. Sericulture can generate employment for up to
11 persons for every kg of raw silk produced. Silk products from the State are famous for their
quality and have a good demand within the country as well as in the international market.
Major market for tasar is mostly in the form of finished fabric, both locally and in Bhagalpur,
Kolkata, Bengaluru, Delhi, exports and Jharcraft outlets.
c. Existing schemes/ programmes for promotion of the sector

(i) JHIMDI
The Jharkhand Horticulture Irrigation & Micro Drip Irrigation (JHIMDI) aims to provide
strong and sustainable agriculture-based livelihood through drip-irrigation. It will cover 9
districts and 30 blocks of Jharkhand. The farmers supported by the project are members of
Self Help Group (SHG) formed by Jharkhand State Livelihood Promotion Society (JSLPS) and
own or lease small farmlands.
(ii) Birsa Munda Bagwani Yojana (BMBY)
The ‘Birsa Munda Horticulture Scheme’ implemented under MNREGA is an effort to

financially empower the tribals, small and marginal farmers. Through this scheme, long-term
income generating assets such as mango plantations are being utilized using the MNREGA
resources. The scheme was carried out in the FY 2016-17 in nine blocks of Khunti, Gumla,
Latehar and Pakur districts in the State under which 595 families of 32 village panchayats
planted in about 400 acres of their own private land. The scheme was implemented in 2902.63
acres of the total 200 blocks in the financial year 2018-19.
38
(iii) Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana-Watershed Development Component

(PMKSY-WDC/IWMP)
At present, 102 Watershed projects are being implemented under the scheme. Under the land
development activity, i.e. Afforestation, Horticulture, Agriculture, Vegetable cultivation etc.,
4186 ha area of the State has been covered.
(iv) NABARD supported Tribal Development Projects
NABARD supports development of agri-horticulture based sustainable livelihood model

(wadi) for tribal farmers that makes farming profitable even on small farms. Total 43 projects
have been sanctioned and horticulture plantation has been carried in approx. 11000 ha area.
(v) JHARCRAFT
Jharkhand Silk, Textile and Handicraft Development Corporation (JHARCRAFT) is

supporting more than 2.0 lakh rearers, reelers, spinners, weavers, artisans, etc. It also
maintains cocoon banks using the existing infrastructure besides creating new infrastructure
with the financial support of the State Government and has 08 marketing outlets in the cities
including Ranchi, Delhi, Kolkata, Bangalore, Ahmedabad and Mumbai. Marketing is also
being extended through franchisee mode.
d. Projection of credit potential

Keeping in view various initiatives and achievement in this area, credit potential of ₹315.40
crore is projected for the year 2020-21, an increase of 7.72 % over the credit potential for the
year 2019-20. The district wise details of projections are given in Annexure-I.
e. Infrastructure & Support Services There is a separate Directorate of Horticulture
within the Dept. of Agriculture, GoJ for development of horticulture sector in the State.
• Jharkhand State Silk Development Institute, Regional Sericulture Research Centre at
Hehal and Central Tasar Silk Research and Training Institute, Nagri are located in
Ranchi, which are offering its services for popularizing Mulberry and Tasar cultivation,
respectively. Besides these R&D institutions viz. ICAR-RCER, BAU, CHES-ICAR etc.
are playing important role in R&D, training and extension requirements of Plantation
and Horticulture sector.
• For coordinating the marketing, procurement, value addition activities of lac and
vegetable producers at State level, GoJ provide support to State level cooperative
federations like JHASCOLAMF and VEGFED, respectively.
• Planting materials are, however, not available adequately in Govt. farms and have to
be procured from private nurseries or neighboring States. Extension services requires
to be strengthened to provide awareness and motivate farmers to take up cultivation
of plantation & horticultural crops in their barren/waste land with appropriate
technologies.
39
e. Suggested Action Points

State Govt.
• Rejuvenation of progeny orchards, block nurseries, development of mass propagation
villages and romotion/certification of private nurseries are required to overcome the
inadequacy of quality seeds & planting materials needed for proper development
through new plantations.
• Encouraging setting up of fruit
and vegetable processing units Box 4.1: NABARD’s policy for
in collaboration with private Development of Beekeeping Value Chain
sector under PPP mode would NABARD has prepared a comprehensive policy
help to strengthen forward for the holistic development of bee keeping value
linkages for the growers. chain in potential areas with the following
objectives.
• A properly coordinated
approach to provide credit • Promoting bee keeping for enhancing/
support for infrastructure supplementing incomes of farmers
especially small/ marginal farmers.
projects under “MIDH” such as
• Developing technical support, value chain,
nurseries, rehabilitation of and market linkages for bee keeping by
existing tissue culture units, big engaging stakeholders/user industries.
processing units, pack houses, • Facilitating institutional credit support for
pre cooling units, etc. would bee keeping value chain covering bee colony
significantly help development rearing, paid pollination services and
extraction and sale of honey and other hive
of the sector.
–products.
• In order to provide extension • Converging NABARD’s initiatives with that
services to the farmers of the Govt. of India and State Governments
regarding package of practices, under the Honey Mission and Mission for
Integrated Development of Horticulture.
availability of inputs and
• Offering bee keeping as an important
marketing, Horticulture component of NABARD supported
Chaupals may be setup in the initiatives such as Watershed Development
district. Programme, Wadi project, Krishak
Samriddhi, Umbrella Programme on
• Department of Horticulture Natural Resources Management, etc.
may use Farmers Producer
Organizations and Farmers' The details of policy including action plan,
support for developing value chain and
Clubs for promoting various
marketing, promotional interventions is
schemes under horticulture available at www.nabard.org
sector.
• High value crops like flowers (gerbera, rose and marigold), fruits (cashew, papaya,
aonla), vegetables (colored capsicum, broccoli, red cabbage, lettuce, etc.) by supporting
farmers under National Horticulture Mission and other State Plan schemes may be
promoted.
• There is a huge gap in the supply of basic seed and the same can be addressed by setting
up seed production units, operated/managed by indigenous communities.
• Technologies developed by Jharcraft and CSTRI, Bangalore for post cocoon activities
may be used to set up value addition units (reeling and spinning).
40
• Round the year availability of reelable cocoon for post cocoon activities is a problem,
which can be addressed by setting up cocoon banks that would require sufficient
working capital at low rates of interests. Potential of setting up these banks by State
Government / in collaboration with corporates may be explored.
• For the development of sericulture, the availability of tasar seed is the most important
factor. To fulfil the requirement of the tasar seed, the seed sector may be strengthened
by allocation of adequate funds, providing trainings for creation of skilled manpower.
• Rearers, spinners, reelers, and weavers may be organized into SHG, JLG, clusters, etc.
• The tasar farmers may be brought under the fold of crop insurance/PMFBY.
• To develop post-cocoon activities, Common Facility Centers (CFCs) may be established
where facility of reeling machines and other necessary equipment are provided for
Tasar silk reeling.
• Funds may be earmarked for research and innovations in this area.
• Better arrangements may be made for sale of cocoons through local haats.
4.1.1.5 Forestry and Box 4.2 National Adaptation Fund for Climate Change
Wasteland Development (NAFCC) and Green Climate Fund
As per “India State of Forest National Adaptation Fund for Climate Change (NAFCC) has
been set up by the Govt. of India with an initial budget of ₹350
Report 2019”, The forest cover
crore in the year 2015-16 to help in scaling of climate change
of the State is 23611 sq. km, which
adaptation intervention in accordance with the National
is 29.62% of State's total Action Plan for Climate Change (NAPCC) and State Action
geographical area as against Plan for Climate Change (SAPCC). NABARD has been assigned
national average of 21.67%. In the role of National Implementing Entity (NIE). A project has
terms of classification according been sanctioned covering two landscapes in Jharkhand
to the density of forest canopy, (Jamtara and Ramgarh) on Enhancing Climate Resilience of
the State has 2,603 sq. km of area Forests and its dependent communities to Dept. of Forests and
under very dense forest, 9687 sq. Climate Change, Govt. of Jharkhand under NAFCC for a period
km under moderately dense of 4 years with a financial assistance of ₹24.73 Crore. The
project has been grounded and first instalment of ₹2.73 Crore
forest and 11,321 sq. km under
has been disbursed. More than 8000 households of 48 villages
open forest.
of Patratu block of Ramgarh district and Narayanpur block of
Jamtara district will be benefitted under this project.
Wasteland includes area affected Green Climate Fund
by water logging, ravine, sheet
and gully erosion, riverine lands, The Green Climate Fund has been designated as an operating
shifting cultivation, salinity, wind entity of the financial mechanism of the United Nations
Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC) and aims
erosion, extreme moisture
to support the developing countries to limit or reduce their
deficiency etc. Due to complete
green house gas emissions and to adapt to impacts of climate
loss of top soil these degraded change. NABARD has been accredited as Direct Access Entity
lands are ecologically unstable of Green Climate Fund for channelizing resources under this
and are unsuitable for fund in India. However, no project has been sanctioned in the
cultivation. Total wasteland in State under GCF so far.
the State is 11.67 lakh ha (14.64%
of the total geographical area).
Planned efforts are needed for its
rehabilitation. Reclamation
depends on the type of wasteland. Reclamation of acidic, saline and sodic soils should get
41
priority than other types of wasteland as these are chemical land degradation processes and
materials needed for their amelioration and reclamation are easily available. Some kinds of
wastelands can be made fit for the development of agriculture. Others within a reasonable cost
can only be made suitable for growing grasses, shrubs or trees and not crops. Afforestation
activities like agroforestry, silviculture and social forestry should be adopted to protect
agricultural lands from further deterioration arising out of degradational processes.
Afforestation on degraded and wastelands should be given priority. This can be undertaken
with choice of suitable species and their role in different land use system which leads to
influence both the rate and trajectory of rehabilitation process.
a. Projection of credit potential

Keeping in view various initiatives and achievement in this area, the total credit potential is
projected at ₹72.41 crore for the year 2020-21, an increase of 5.32 % over the credit potential
projected for the year 2019-20. The district wise details of projections are given in Annexure-
I.
b. Infrastructure & Support Services
Jharkhand Forest Department is entrusted with all matters pertaining to forests and forestry
including protecting and conserving forest & wildlife resources of the State. The department
also takes care of livelihood needs of rural population in general and forest dependent
communities in particular. However, poor extension services & lack of awareness about
economic potential of farm forestry is hampering forestry and waste land development
activities. Inadequate supply of quality planting materials due to shortage of nurseries persists
in the State.
• The State Govt. has launched Mukhya Mantri Jan Van Yojana to provide livelihood
security to the people through forestry.
NABARD has been providing assistance for implementation of natural resources based
projects under its schemes such as Tribal Development Fund (Wadi) Watershed, UPNRM,
RIF, etc. The success of such projects is likely to have substantial demonstrative effects and
trigger its reliability by others.
c. Suggested Action Points

• Institutional support may be provided to farmers/entrepreneurs/cooperatives/FPO/
SHGs/JLGs for plantation activities on waste and degraded land, agroforestry, farm
plantation with buyback arrangement from Oil Marketing Companies (OMCs) to
promote wasteland development as per the requirements of the National Biofuel
Policy.
• Suitable area/region specific model bankable projects on Forestry (including
agroforestry, wasteland development, nursery development) may be prepared.
42
• National Bamboo Mission has envisaged credit opportunities for plantation of bamboo
in private land and development of nurseries. The same may be explored.
• Thrust may be given for
extending financial Box. 4.3: Policy for Value Chain Development of
support for Agroforestry Bamboo Sector
through policy guidelines
Keeping in view the potential economic value of
to banks for financing bamboo for improving farmers’ income, promotion of
agroforestry projects in rural livelihood and employment, NABARD has
the light of National formulated the policy guidelines for holistic
Agroforestry Policy 2014. development of bamboo value chain in potential States
with following objectives.
• Forest Dept. /State Minor
Forest Produce • Promoting cultivation of bamboo in marginal and
Corporation may wastelands for increasing/supplementing farmers’
strengthen the forward income.
and backward linkages. • Promoting bamboo cultivation under various
natural resource management/climate change
• Expeditious
adaptation/mitigation projects funded by
rehabilitation (soil and NABARD under Watershed Development Fund
moisture conservation (WDF), Tribal Development Fund (TDF), Umbrella
measures and aided Programme on Natural Resource Management
natural regeneration) of (UPNRM), various Climate Funds (GCF, AF,
forests as well as NAFCC), etc.
restocking by planting of • Development of value chain and market linkages
for bamboo cultivated by farmers in a project mode.
useful/valuable species
• Promoting use of bamboo in high potential
are needed for arresting sectors/industries/uses such as, housing and
degradation of forests due construction, paper mills, Agarbatti industries,
to multiple biotic handicrafts, biofuel, etc.
pressures. • Facilitating institutional credit support for bamboo
• Govt. and private value chain development including its cultivation
by the farmers.
wastelands are required
• Facilitating convergence of NABARD’s support
to be brought under green with the initiatives of Govt. of India and State
cover for enhanced Governments.
carbon sequestration
through social/extension The details of policy including action plan, support for
forestry schemes with developing value chain and marketing, promotional
interventions are available at www.nabard.org
emphasis on short-
rotation crops of local
choice for meeting local need for timber/ small wood/ firewood, edible fruit/ medicinal
plants, lac and tasar host tree species.
• A close coordination may be established with banks, farmers and user industries on a
large scale by the Soil Conservation and Forest Departments for the same.
• Fodder production may be encouraged on non-forest wasteland.
43
4.1.1.6 Animal Husbandry - Dairy, Poultry, Sheep, Goat and Piggery
Animal Husbandry and Dairying are important sources of livelihood and income generation
activities especially for small and marginal farmers, women and landless people in Jharkhand.
The activities not only contribute to food basket and drought animal power requirement of the
State but also contributes in maintaining
ecological balance. There is huge demand
and supply gap for milk and egg in the Box.4.4: Details of Livestock (Million
State. As per the 20th Livestock Census Nos.) population in Jharkhand
2019, the State has about 4.39% of the
1. Total livestock population - 23.61
total livestock population. The details of
2. Cattle - 11.22
livestock population of Jharkhand are
a. Indigenous cattle - 10.59
given in Box 4.1. The State has abundant b. Exotic/Crossbred - 0.63
potential for development of dairy, 3. Buffalo - 1.35
goatery, poultry and piggery. Animal 4. Sheep - 0.58
Husbandry and Dairy are the most 5. Goat - 9.12
popular economic activities for the 6. Pig - 1.28
members of Self Help Groups (SHGs) Source: 20th Livestock Census,
in the State. 2019
4.1.1.6.1. Dairy Development
Dairy is an important sector providing

livelihood and gainful employment Box 4.5: Infrastructure for Dairy
opportunities to the people in the State. Development in Jharkhand
There is abundant potential for dairy 1. Dispensaries - 424, Hospitals- 35
development in the State, considering 2. AI centres - 430
the demand and supply gap and 3. Gokul Gram Vikas Kendra - 268
population of cattle and buffalo. The 4. Functional Milk routes - 54
milk production in the State has 5. Dairy Cattle Development Centres - 1010
increased to 21.83 lakh tonnes (Source: 6. District Milk Union -12
Basic Animal Husbandry Statistics 7. Primary Milk Coop. Societies - 1601
5. Bulk Milk Coolers - 22
2019, GoI) as against the estimated
6. Milk Processing Plants – 4
annual requirement of 28.82 lakh
7. Cattle feed plant -1
tonnes. The per capita availability of
milk in the State is lower at 177 grams
Source: Dairy Development Dept. GoJ
per day as against the national average
of 394 grams. The indigenous/non-
descript cattle is almost 95% of the
total cattle population. The average yield of milk per cow is 7.23 kg per day for crossbred/exotic
cows as against the national average of 7.95 kg per day. Similarly, the average yield of milk per
cow for non-descript/indigenous cows is lower at 1.56 kg per day against the national average
of 3.01 kg/day. The total breedable bovine population is 29.58 lakh nos. (cattle and buffalo
25.69 lakh and 3.89 lakh respectively). The infrastructure available for dairy development in
the State is given in Box 4.2. The milk production in the State has been targeted to be increased
progressively to 23.95 lakh MT and also the per capita milk availability to 251 g per day by
2020-21. Jharkhand State Co-operative Milk Producers' Federation Ltd. (JMF) managed by
NDDB is looking after various activities for development of dairy and providing infrastructure
for procurement and processing facilities and strengthening of existing dairy chilling and
44
processing facilities in the State. At present, JMF is already operating in 14 districts of the
State covering 11500 members through 420 milk pooling points (MPP).
a. Programmes of State and Central Govt.
‘For development of dairy sector, following major ongoing programmes of State Govt. and GoI
are being implemented.
State Govt.
• Milch cow distribution on 90% subsidy to BPL women
• Technical Input Programme
• Breed Improvement, Heifer Rearing & Productivity Enhancement Programme
• Training & Extension
• Milk Procurement, Processing & Marketing
• Gokul Gram Vikas Yojana
• Commercial Fodder Farming & Green Fodder Production in Upland
• Establishment of Heifer Rearing Centres
• Cattle Hostel, Bio Mass Bunker & Vermi-compost Unit
• Assistance to Progressive Dairy Farmers
Centrally Sponsored Schemes

Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY)
• Milch Cattle Induction Programme (5,20,50 dairy units with subsidy)
• Breed Improvement & Productivity Enhancement Programme
• Strengthening of Milk Procurement System
National Livestock Mission (NLM)
• Sub-Mission: Fodder and Feed Development
• Sub-Mission: Skill Development, Technology Transfer & Extension
National Programme for Bovine Breeding and Dairy Development (NPBBDD)
• National Programme for Dairy Development (NPDD)
• National Programme for Bovine Breeding (NPBB): Rashtriya Gokul Mission
Dairy Entrepreneurship Development Scheme (Credit Linked Capital Subsidy
Scheme) - Activities linked to both forward and backward linkages of value chain and eligible
for bank financing purpose for which NABARD is acting as subsidy channelizing agency
National Dairy Plan
• Village Based Milk Procurement System
• Ration Balancing programme
b. Projection of credit potential
Keeping in view various initiatives and achievement in this area the total credit potential of
₹797.15 crore is projected for the year 2020-21. The district wise details of projections are
given in Annexure -I.
45
c. Infrastructure required for development of the sector
• Revival of dormant milk cooperative societies

• Availability of good milch animals in district and block headquarters
• Optimal utilisation of capacity in existing processing plants
• Green fodder cultivation
• Lack of organised cattle markets
• Strengthening of veterinary infrastructure like AI centres, breeding farms, heifer
rearing centres, etc.
• Lack of breeding centre and training facilities in district headquarters

Banks
• Dairy activities viz: - milch animals (2 cross bred cows, mini dairy of 5/10 cross bred
cows), milk transport vehicles, bulk milk coolers, heifer rearing, etc. may be financed
in cluster to the entrepreneurs under DEDS and under Area Development Scheme.
• Financing of green fodder production, Azolla production, vermi-composting units,
bulk milk coolers, milk vans etc. to individual farmers/groups/FPOs.
• Financing veterinary graduates under ACABC scheme for setting up of veterinary
clinics.
• The existing dairy farmers may be provided working capital loan under KCC.
State Government
• The dormant milk cooperative societies may be revived. New milk cooperative societies
are to be formed in potential areas.
• For marketing of milk, State Govt. may facilitate tie up arrangement with JMF.
• All KVKs under BAU may have Dairy/Animal Husbandry scientists for providing
training and demonstration of new technologies.
• Cattle markets may be set up in district headquarters or important marketing centres.
• For modernization of cooperative dairy processing infrastructure like milk chilling and
processing plants, State Govt. may avail required funding support under Dairy
processing and Infrastructure Development Fund (DIDF).
• Insurance claims for dairy animals to be made easier and friendly to farmers.
• Training to farmers on Azolla cultivation,
• Strengthening of infrastructure of dispensaries and AI centres by availing assistance
under RIDF and posting of adequate technical manpower.
• Fodder cultivation in barren lands under GoI/State Govt. schemes and popularization
of fodder blocks,
• Identification of new milk routes
• Setting up more mobile veterinary clinics and disease diagnostic centres.
46
4.1.1.6.2 Poultry Development

The climatic conditions of the State are suitable for commercial poultry farming including
backyard poultry. The backyard poultry plays key role in supplementary income generation
and providing nutrition to the poorest of the poor. About 96.75% population in the State is
nonvegetarian (Source: Sample Registration System, Base Line Survey 2014, GoI). With
growing urbanisation, there is good demand for poultry meat and egg in the State. The total
poultry population in the State as per 20th Livestock Census 2019 is 248.33 lakh including
183.81 lakh fowls and 16.56 lakh ducks in backyard poultry. The present production of poultry
meat and egg is far less than the demand. The total production of eggs in the State was 5531.08
lakh nos. during 2017-18. The per capita availability of eggs in the State is only 17 eggs per
annum in 2017-18 as against the national average of 79 eggs. There was 8.4% growth rate in
egg production in the State during 2017-18 as against the all India growth rate of 8%. The State
Govt. is running “Poultry Development Programme” to provide subsidy to start poultry farm
of 1000 broiler capacities and establish hatcheries of different capacities. Poultry
Development Scheme under RKVY is being implemented to encourage “Backyard Poultry
Farming".
National Livestock Mission (NLM): - Under Entrepreneurship Development and
Employment Generation (EDEG) component of the NLM, credit linked capital subsidy is
available for poultry activities starting from setting up of breeding farm, grower unit,
commercial layer & broiler farm (upto 20000 capacity), other poultry birds rearing unit like
duckery and also various components of transportation and cold storage for egg and meat
along with establishment of marketing unit.
Keeping in view various initiatives and achievement in this area, the total credit potential of
₹308.58 crore is projected for the year 2020-21, an increase of 5.88% over the credit potential
assessed for the year 2019-20. The district wise details of projections are given in Annexure-I.
• The Directorate of Animal Husbandry has established two Government farms in Bokaro
and Hotwar, Ranchi with the objective increasing availability of day-old chicks.
• Under Poultry Development 400 broiler rearing units have been established in
Jamshedpur, Deoghar, Saraikela, Jamtara & Khunti districts by the GoJ.
• The Directorate of Animal Husbandry, GoJ is taking care of the veterinary and training
requirement for development of this sector through 424 veterinary hospitals and 02 State
level training centres.
c. Suggested Action points
State Govt.
• Department may identify place for setting up poultry broiler parent farm, modern
hatchery, feed mixing plant, high quality disease investigation lab cum improved
vaccine production unit, more number of veterinary hospitals, training cum
demonstration unit for farmers.
• Infrastructure required to provide adequate inputs like day-old chicks, feed, vaccine,
etc. for the poultry industry has to be strengthened both through Govt. and private
investments.
47
• Training of poultry farmers on biosecurity measures may be imparted by Animal

Husbandry Department to reduce mortality rate.
• Supply of inputs like maize, soyabean for feed may be arranged in sufficient quantity
at reasonable rates.
• Availability of insurance service would facilitate growth and better credit linkage of the
sector.
• Strengthening of livestock extension services through digitization and e-connectivity
to reach farthest corner of the State.
Banks
• Banks may finance more number of layer units to improve the egg production and per
capita egg availability leading to better nutrition availability in the State.
• Bank may actively finance feed production units, hatcheries to prospective
entrepreneurs.
• Bank may finance various important components of poultry value chain to progressive
entrepreneurs under NLM.
4.1.1.6.3 Sheep, Goat and Pig Development

Sheep, Goat and Pig rearing are important subsidiary occupation in the State in providing
additional income to small and marginal farmers and landless people. The population of
Sheep, Goat and Pig as per 2oth Livestock Census 2019 is given in Box 4.4. The meat
production in the State is 58 thousand MT as against all India production of 7656 thousand
MT in 2017-18. The total wool production was 187 thousand kg. The per capita availability of
meat in the State is 4 gram per day as against 17 gram per day at national level.
The State Govt. is running programmes like “Bakra Vikash (Widhwa Sammann)" "Bakra
Vikash (Model Goat Breeding Unit) and Model Pig Breeding Unit Schemes” for providing
small units of goat, sheep and pig units on subsidy.
Keeping in view various initiatives and achievement in this area the credit potential of ₹257.13
crore is projected for the year 2020-21. The district wise details of projections are given in
Annexure -I.
There are six pig farms, one goat farm in the State and five diagnostic units in the State. Under
the EDEG component of centrally sponsored scheme “National Livestock Mission (NLM)”
subsidy is available for breeding and rearing of small ruminants for which NABARD is the
subsidy channelizing agency. BAIF Institute for Sustainable Livelihoods and Development
(BISLD) is implementing goat breed improvement programme through establishment of 20
cluster goat project in six districts namely Ranchi, Gumla, Simdega, West Singhbhum,
Hazaribag and Giridih. Besides this with support from Sir Dorabji Tata Trust, BISLD is also
implementing two goat cluster projects in Godda and Deoghar districts.
48
State Govt.
• Directorate of Animal Husbandry, GoJ may identify location for setting up of new goat
& pig breeding farm, expansion of existing farms, feed plant, sufficient number of
veterinary hospitals, modern hygienic abattoirs/slaughter houses with HACCP
guidelines in order to promote clean meat production.
• As there is dearth of good quality animals, there is not only need for establishment of
more breeding farms but also for strengthening of the existing livestock farms of State
Government.
• Availability of insurance service would facilitate growth and better credit linkage of the
sector.
• Strengthening of livestock extension services through digitization and e-connectivity
to reach farthest corner of the State.
Banks
• Banks may finance sheep, goat and pig rearing units on a large scale due to its low
gestation period and high commercial/financial viability particularly through SHG/
JLG mode.
• Subsidy schemes of GoI (EDEG component of NLM being implemented through
NABARD) and GoJ relating to the sector need to be given larger publicity with active
involvement of banks.
• Urban local bodies and State Marketing Board may extend necessary help in
development of meat markets with improvement in hygienic and cleanliness
conditions.
4.1.1.7 Fisheries
The fisheries and aquaculture are one of the sun rise sectors of the State economy. It is an
important source for livelihood, employment generation and cheap protein food. Fish is
considered as a health food being rich in proteins, vitamins, minerals and omega-3 fatty acids.
The fisheries sector is providing direct/indirect employment to about 2.0 lakh persons in the
State. The fisheries sector in the State registered growth of 5 per cent and its contribution to
the growth rate of the economy was only 0.41 per cent. The State has abundant and varied
inland water resources for development of fisheries and aquaculture viz:- 50586 ha of
privately owned tanks, 15762 ha of Govt. tanks, 1.21 lakh ha of reservoirs (401 nos.), 4570 ha
of impounded water in 1184 check dams, 9880 ha of coal pits and mines, 1800 km of rivers,
1.5 lakh Dobha, 700 RFF and 2800 cages installed in reservoirs.
The fish production in the State has increased significantly in last four years, from 1.45 lakh
metric tonnes in 2015-16 to 2.08 lakh metric tonnes in 2018-19. There is strong domestic
demand for fresh water fish in the State and annually more than 40000 tonnes of freshwater
fish are brought from other States to meet the demand and supply gap.
There has been significant increase in fish seed production in the State from 108 crores in 2014
to 1036 crores in 2018-19 due to increased focus of the State Govt. for seed production. The
State has made significant progress in cage culture of fish in reservoirs and fish production of
3-4 tonnes per cage is achieved. The State has also developed Riverine Fish Farming (RFF)
concept for increasing fish production and providing livelihood to the fishermen.
49
There is scope for increasing fish production from inland water bodies, particularly reservoirs
and tanks. The important reservoirs of the State for cage culture are Chandil (Saraikela
Kharsawan district), Tenughat (Bokaro district), Tilaiya (Hazaribag and Koderma districts),
Maithan (Dhanbad district), Masanjor (Dumka district) and also in small reservoirs like Konar
and Kobang. The progress made in cage culture of fishes in reservoirs of the State has been
recognized and captured the attention of other States for replication. With the creation of more
water bodies under various programmes of the State Govt. additional water resources are
expected to be created. There is potential for increasing inland fish production through
horizontal and vertical expansion. The average fish production from tanks and ponds in the
State is lower at 2500 kg per ha per annum as against the national average of 3000 kg per ha.
There is also potential for fish seed (fingerlings) production in existing seasonal waterbodies.
Fishery being one of the promising sectors of agriculture and allied activities, Govt of India
has come out with a Scheme on Blue Revolution to focus on tapping the full production
potential to 15 million tonnes by 2020 and enhance productivity substantially from
aquaculture and fisheries resources with an anticipated growth rate of 6 to 8% per annum.
a. Untapped potential, new and emerging areas/activities/growth centres
• The average fish production from existing ponds and tanks is less, which can be increased
to more than 3000 kg per ha by stocking good quality fingerlings/yearlings and adopting
scientific fish culture practices.
• There is potential for horizontal expansion by way of development of new fish ponds in
clusters in low lying areas for intensive aquaculture.
• There is potential for doubling of productivity and also income of the fish farmers through
culture of fast growing and popular varieties of fish like Jayanti Rohu, Amur carp,
Pangasius, all male GIFT Tilapia, etc. in inland water bodies including reservoirs.
• There is potential for increasing fish production through Bio-floc and RSA systems.
• Fish farming in integration with horticulture and animal husbandry activities (i.e.
Dairy/Poultry/Duckery/Piggery) has potential for development considering the scope for
maximum returns per unit of land, risk mitigation and thus enabling more income to fish
farmers especially to small and marginal farmers. The integrated fish farming system is
sustainable and eco-friendly, ideal for higher income to small and marginal farmers and
works on the principle of output of one system as input for another system.
• There is potential to increase fish production from reservoirs by adopting cage culture, pen
culture, stocking of advanced fingerlings of fast growing varieties and adoption of scientific
conservation and management measures.
• There is potential for upscaling fish seed production by setting up new hatcheries in private
sector and strengthening the capacity of the existing hatcheries in Govt. and private sector.
• NABARD has prepared Area Development Scheme for fisheries activities in selected blocks
of five districts of the State namely Hazaribagh, Koderma, Pakur, Sahibganj and Ranchi
with total outlay of ₹1859.65 lakh for implementation during the period of 2018-19 to
2021-22.
• The quality fish seed (fingerling/yearling) is sine qua non for increasing fish production
and productivity. There are 107 circular carp hatcheries and 123 portable carp hatcheries
under private sector in the State. There are also 17 carp hatcheries operated by the
50
Fisheries Dept. of the State Govt. The total fish seed requirement of the State is 450 crores.
There is demand and scope for higher seed production in small water bodies, which are
seasonal in water retention and also through pen culture in the periphery of large
waterbodies like reservoirs.
• There is one fish feed mill with Fisheries Dept. at Ranchi and one fish feed mill at Chandil
with capacity to produce 2 tonnes of floating pelleted feed per day. There are also small
fish feed mills under private sector at Bokaro, Dhanbad producing formulated pelleted
feeds. The fish feed mills established at Ramgarh and Koderma are non-functional.
Formulated pelleted feed use in commercial aquaculture is required for increased
production and productivity.
• For popularization of commercial fish culture on the pattern of practices being followed in
Andhra Pradesh, there is need to promote the concept of multiple stocking of advanced
fingerlings or stunted yearlings of 200 to 250 g size for culture ponds and use of good
quality feed.
• There is one fisheries College at Gumla. There are two training centres of the Fisheries
Dept. at Shalimar and Doranda in Ranchi district for providing short term training to
farmers on fish farming and fish seed production.
• The soil and water testing facilities are available with Fisheries Dept. in all district
headquarters.
• For providing extension services, fisheries dept. has engaged 7500 Matsya Mitras.
• There are 401 fishermen cooperative societies in the State having 29312 fishermen as
members. There are also 237 reservoir fishermen cooperative societies with membership
of 12452. The State Govt. has established Jharkhand State Co-Operative Fisheries
Federation Ltd. (JHASCOFISH) for development of fisheries by the members of the
cooperative societies.
• To increase the production and make the State self-sufficient in fish production, the State
Govt. has initiated initiatives like encouragement for seed production by developing
rearing ponds in private sector, creation of awareness among the fishermen at panchayat
level, development of cage culture in reservoirs by installation of additional cages, riverine
fish farming technology, ornamental fish farming by women, air breathing fish culture in
Dobhas, training of fish farmers in large scale, promotion supplementary feed based
production system, stocking of fingerlings in reservoirs and development of retail markets.
• The NFDB is also providing assistance for training, stocking of fish seed in reservoirs,
renovation of hatcheries, installation of cages in reservoirs, development of new
hatcheries, whole sale and retail fish markets development.
• The unit costs for various fisheries activities are updated by NABARD and circulated to
banks. Model schemes for fisheries activities including integrated fish farming are
uploaded in the website of NABARD (www.nabard.org).
• Three FPOs have also been promoted by NABARD in Hazaribagh, Sahibganj, and Garhwa
districts for fisheries and other activities
• GoI has set up Fisheries and Aquaculture Infrastructure Development Fund (FIDF) with
outlay of ₹7522.00 crore for creation of fisheries infrastructure like cold storages, ice plant,
hatcheries, etc. NABARD, NCDC and all scheduled banks will be nodal loaning entities.
• The KCC facility is extended to fisheries sector and the fish farmers availing KCC limit are
eligible for interest subvention.
51
c. Projection of credit potential
With the need for higher capital formation in the sector and goal of doubling of farmers’
income by 2022, the credit potential (both long term and short term) of ₹208.01 crore has
been projected for fisheries sector in the State during the year 2020-21 (a growth of 15.27 per
cent over the PLP estimates for the year 2019-20). The credit potentials are estimated for a
gamut of fisheries activities including integrated fish farming, marketing infrastructure,
ornamental fish farming, etc. The district wise details of projections are given in Annexure -I.

State Govt.
• The Scale of Finance may be fixed for fisheries activities in all districts by the DLTC.
• The hatcheries and fish seed farms under Fisheries Dept. may be modernised and capacity
augmented, for which the required financial assistance may be availed under
RIDF/NIDA/FIDF from NABARD.
• Fish seed certification and accreditation of hatcheries/seed production centres may be
taken up to ensure supply of quality seed to farmers.
• Fisheries Department may conduct workshops and awareness camps to sensitize the
farmers, bankers and NGOs on KCC for fisheries and various state and centrally sponsored
schemes for fisheries and credit facilities available from banks.
• The concept of multiple stocking of advanced fingerlings or stunted yearlings for culture
ponds and use of good quality feed may be popularised among farmers through various
training and capacity building up programmes.
• Awareness for Integrated fish farming with horticulture and animal husbandry activities
(Dairy, Poultry, Piggery and Duckery) may be created and beneficiaries are selected for
financing by banks.
• For availability of yearlings, fish seed banks may be promoted in potential districts under
private sector.
• The extension services to farmers may be strengthened by posting adequately trained staff
at district and block level. The capacity building of existing staff may be taken up for
fisheries development.
• Ornamental fish farming may be promoted as income generating activity among SHGs and
JLGs.
• The farmers/fishermen may be encouraged to undertake fisheries activity as a group
activity through JLGs / SHGs by providing Govt. tanks and reservoirs on lease basis for a
period of ten years for fisheries development.
• Dobhas created may be utilised for fish seed production and wherever required and the
Dobhas may be renovated/modified by availing assistance under RIDF.
Banks
• Availability of credit to fish farmers, fishermen and fishermen cooperative societies from
banks is very low. For increased fish production and productivity and higher returns to the
farmers, banks should provide investment credit for fish farming in ponds, cage culture of
fishes in reservoirs, hatchery and fish seed rearing.
• The integrated fish farming with animal husbandry and horticulture may be financed by
banks.
52
• The working capital required for sustaining cage culture in reservoirs may be provided by
banks through JLG.
• The FPOs for fisheries activities formed with the support of NABARD may be financed by
banks for business development.
• The credit requirement assessed under Area Development Scheme launched by NABARD
may be prioritised by the banks for financing.
• The financing banks may follow the timeliness for financing fisheries activities especially
for construction/renovation of ponds.
• The existing fish farmers/fishermen may be provided credit under separate KCC for
fisheries as per guidelines of RBI/NABARD.
4.1.1.7 Others
There are large no. of small and large farmers in the State having small, fragmented and
undulated land holding. Most of the small and marginal farmers depend on traditional
bullocks for ploughing the field and other farm operations. Bullock driven carts are
inseparable part of rural transport system and are used for transportation of farm yard manure
to the field, transporting agricultural produce to the market, transport of construction
materials etc.
The agricultural operations carried out by the farmers using bullock power includes
harrowing, levelling, sowing, seed drilling, application of manure, threshing, winnowing and
lifting of farm inputs and produces. The use of bullocks for farm works has inherent
advantages like protection of environment from negative impacts of use of fossil fuels. It is
also cost effective, sustainable and eco-friendly agricultural practices. The tillage operations
in the field continuously using machines reduce/damage the physical properties of the soil,
thereby reducing the porosity of the soil, essential for growth of plant. Since usage of bullocks
is cost effective, there is potential for increased investment in bullocks in rural areas. Bullock
driven carts are useful not only for transportation of farm inputs and farm produces, but also
for providing a source of additional income to farmers during lean agricultural seasons, being
used for transportation of goods on hiring basis. Locally available material and craftsmanship
are generally used for manufacturing of carts. Modern carts with pneumatic tyres and higher
payload, operational efficiency and minimum pressure on animals have come up also.
Financing of these carts is therefore, considered as a viable option for increasing priority sector
lending by banks. Two wheelers are also used in rural areas by the farmers for marketing of
the produce.

The credit potential of ₹42.52 crore is projected for the year 2020-21. The district wise details
of projections are given in Annexure -I.
b. Suggested Action Points
• Good quality bullocks should be made available by organising cattle fairs.
• Pneumatic tyre bullock carts may be financed by banks.
53
4.1.2 Agriculture Infrastructure

As per the revised PSL guidelines, financing for agriculture infrastructure with an aggregate
limit of ₹100 crore per borrower has been included under priority sector. The following
activities are covered under agriculture infrastructure.
• Loans for construction of storage facilities (warehouses, market yards, godowns and silos)
including cold storage units/cold chains designed to store agriculture produce/products,
irrespective of their location.
• Land development, soil conservation and watershed development
• Plant tissue culture and agri-biotechnology, seed production, production of bio-pesticides,
bio-fertilizer and vermi composting.
4.1.2.1 Construction of Storage Facilities-Warehouses, Market Yards including

Cold Storage units/Cold Chains
Jharkhand has established itself as a leading vegetable producing State and has approximately
18 lakh MT of surplus quality vegetables such as peas, tomato, which is around 6% of national
production. Almost 26000 ha of area under horticulture has been registered under organic
adoption & certification process leading to production of organically grown exotic vegetables,
spices and medicinal plants. The State has also made strides in floriculture and main varieties
grown are cut flowers. Dairy sector is an emerging sector, which aims to produce 24 lakh MT
of milk by the year 2020-21 through a joint management venture with NDDB. The project
envisages creation of village level infrastructure, establishment of BMCs. The lush, verdant
and flourishing forests of the State are storehouse of wide range of non-timber forest produce,
honey and rare herbs. Tasar silk and lac production is natural to the State. The State produces
2 lakh MT of tamarind, 2.00 lakh MT of mahua, 1 lakh MT of sal seeds, 2000 MT of chironji,
5000 MT of karanj and 10000 MT of kusum annually. The Jharkhand State Minor Forest
Produce Cooperative Development and Marketing Federation Ltd. (JHAMCOFED) has taken
an innovative step for processing of minor forest produce in association with private players
with proper marketing access. These treasures of the State have opened up opportunities in
setting up rural markets in addition to 28 APMCs and 192 secondary markets of APMCs, food
parks, silk parks, agro-processing units, vegetable preservation and processing, milk and milk
products development, processing of meat and chicken with targeted increase in meat &
poultry production.
Jharkhand Mega Food Park set up over 56 acres of land at Getalsud, Ranchi has dry warehouse
of 6490 MT capacity, Cold storage of 4500 MT capacity at CPC and 500 MT at 2 PPCs. It has
individual quick freezing facility of 2 MT/day. It has dehydration line of (2 MT/day). It has
also grading & sorting facilities for fruits at PPCs. As a mother unit, the multi-dimensional
storage facilities have enabled the Food Park to sublease land to other food processing
industries. Its reefer vehicles collect sorted produce from PPCs.
The State has total dry storage capacity of 3.68 lakh metric tonnes. Storing food grains for PDS
is managed mainly by FCI, CWC, SWC, etc. and storage space available with the State Civil
Supplies Corporation. Similarly, storage of food grains is also assigned to Cooperatives and
Private Sectors. The key concern is post-harvest wastages and losses. The cumulative wastages
are even increasing in case of milk, fisheries and poultry requiring development of integrated
value-chain facilities. Against this backdrop, the stock holding and processing capacities need
expansion requiring policies to promote private investment in scientific storage facilities. Due
54
to absence of value chain at the levels of farmers, transporters, wholesalers and retailers,
wastage occurs at all levels and this is to be minimized by improving storage practices and
facilities at each stage including transportation stage to enable farmers to get remunerative
prices
Keeping in view various initiatives and achievement in this area the total credit potential has
been projected at ₹300.81 crore for the year 2020-21, an increase of 4.32% over the credit
potential assessed for the year 2019-20. The district wise details of projections are given in
Annexure -I.
• There are only 474 godowns in the State with total capacity of 240750 MT for storage.
About 158 godowns are under construction to meet the demand for 117500 MT. Under
credit linked Agricultural Marketing Infrastructure scheme of GoI, 26 godowns have been
sanctioned with storage capacity of 142316 MT.
• Jharkhand State Agricultural Marketing Board has paid special attention for the integrated
development of all haats of the State under Samekit Vikas Yojana, which includes the
construction of 4-6 covered and open platforms, internal road in sufficient length, a
community hall, a unit of toilets and at least one tube-well in each such haat. In the first
phase of the programme, 80 such schemes in 65 haats have been taken up for
implementation. APMC Act has been amended paving way for establishment of private
markets, direct procurement from growers and contract farming.
• With a progressive “Jharkhand Food Processing Policy 2015” and organization of Food
Processing Investors Summit styled as “Advantage Jharkhand” in April 2015, besides
creation of cold chain facilities by Jharkhand Mega Food Park Pvt. Ltd, the State is
experiencing private investments in cold chain, IQF facilities. State Government is also
expanding cold storage capacity. State Government has approved construction of cold
storages in Deoghar, Gumla, Giridih and Ranchi with project cost of ₹28 crore. 16 numbers
of cold chains have been constructed. Construction of pack houses, collection centers and
primary processing units under Apni Mandi under the RKVY Scheme is underway.
Godown of 100 MT capacity is being planned in 320 LAMPS/PACS in all 24 districts of the
State.

State Government
• Warehousing is highly capital intensive as it is location specific requiring large tracts
of land at mandis, close to mandis, along highways and railway sidings. Land related
issues such as non-availability, high costs and difficulties in conversion to non-
agricultural use make warehouses expensive. Suitable policy intervention is required
for addressing the issue.
• Under food processing sector investments, land transfers may be expedited.
• Private investments for setting up of primary processing centres and collection centres
in tribal areas may be encouraged.
55
• In addition to capital costs, cold storage has high operational costs, mainly due to its
use of power generator back up to overcome unreliable power supply for avoiding
chilling injuries. Financial returns are unattractive as the value of basic food stuff is
low compared to the cost of storing it. A separate energization programme may be put
in place.
• Modernization of gramin mandis with pre-cooling units, cleaning, grading and cold
chains of variable temperature capacities may be undertaken in potential horticulture
areas.
• Large operators in the absence of appropriate PPP models are increasing monopoly
over the market. State needs to put in place appropriate and plausible PPP structures
and model contracts to ensure better risk sharing and better leveraging private sector
financial, operational and managerial efficiency as well as protection to small operators
for wider private participation in the value chain.
4.1.2.2 Land Development, Soil Conservation and Watershed Development
Around 7% of the area accounts for barren land, 9% of the land comes under non-agricultural
use, 2% of the land is under permanent pastures and other grazing lands and 3% of the land is
under cultivable wasteland in the State. About 21 percent of the total area is fallow about 11
per cent is current fallow and 10 per cent is other fallow (Source: Jharkhand Economic Survey
2018-19). Soil and water are a vital natural resource for agriculture. Protecting and nurturing
soils, which are the cornerstone of food production has to be the central feature of
sustainability. Scientific management of soil determine the economic development of an
agrarian society as production and productivity of food, fodder and fuel on sustained basis
depends upon the health of land resources. For ensuring self-sufficiency in food and
agriculture products, the agricultural production must grow at sustainable rate. This can be
achieved by either extensive agriculture (bringing more area under cultivation) or intensive
agriculture (growing more crops in the same field). Extensive agriculture is practiced by
reclamation of fallow/virgin/waste land, soil conservation measure while Intensive
agriculture is practiced through multiple cropping and mixed cropping.
The State faces slight to moderate soil erosion as 43% area has slope of 1 to 3% and 31 % area
has slope of 3 to 8%. Erosion, moderate to severe taken together affect about 30 lakh ha which
is about 40% of the geographical area. The average rainfall in the State is high, between 1200
to 1300 mm, but it is confined to four months of rainy season and is erratic in terms of timing
and precipitation intensity. About 20% of the net sown area has assured irrigation while the
potential is to irrigate about 30% of the net sown area. The irrigation coverage is low and the
state still has to realise its full irrigation potential.
Keeping in view the land use status, soil erosion and rainfed agriculture in the State, the
watershed approach can address the soil and water conservation problem and the undernoted
activities can be undertaken through bank credit in watershed plus approach.
• Reclamation of saline and alkaline soil: Around 10 lakh ha of land is afflicted

with the problem of salinity and alkalinity in the State, which needs to be reclaimed.
While saline soils can be reclaimed by drainage, alkali soils require drainage and
application of suitable soil amendment materials such as gypsum, dolomite etc. Post
reclamation, the reclaimed land should not be left fallow for a long time. Crop rotation
56
of paddy-wheat-green manure crop (in summer) may be followed. Various on farm

development measures, taken up in the reclaimed soils, have credit potential.
• On Farm Development: On farm development activities such as land leveling,
bunding, terracing, construction of irrigation/drainage channels under the command
area of major/medium/ minor irrigation projects, with the objective of bridging the
gap between irrigation potential created and utilized, micro irrigation etc. have credit
potential.
• Water Harvesting Tank, Farm Ponds: This activity will be more suitable in areas
which have highly undulating terrain, high surface & sub surface runoff and where
ground water exploitation is costly. The districts having hilly/undulating terrain may
be covered under this activity. The State Government initiative to construct 5 lakh
Dobhas in the State has brought about land mark change in the water profile of the
State and is likely to have a long term impact on availability of surface and subsurface
water.
• Post watershed activities: Potential bankable activities such as post watershed
activities in treated areas like dry land farming, micro irrigation, horticulture,
livelihood activities by FPOs, JLGs, SHGs etc. could be encouraged to improve the
production and productivity of the land in developed watersheds.
Keeping in view the available natural resources, optimum use of assets created in watershed
development and watershed plus activity approach, the total credit potential has been
projected at ₹135.15 crore for the year 2020-21 an increase of 5% over the credit potential
assessed for the year 2019-20. The district wise details of projections are given in Annexure-I.
b. Critical Interventions required
One of the critical interventions required is implementation of watershed development
programme through watershed plus approach. The cultivable waste and other fallow lands,
which are not suitable for arable farming could be developed for cultivation of tree crops
through package of treatment which includes soil erosion control measures, improvement in
water availability and best suitable cropping systems. The emerging important species under
wasteland development are Jatropha and Pongamia (source of bio-diesel or fuel additive)
plantation and Bamboo (for protection of soil erosion and supply of raw material to user
industries.
Agro horticulture and agro forestry are highly needed to empower tribal families and also
small and marginal farmers in the hinterland of forests. Apart from fruit tree (mango, litchi,
guava etc.) plantation of Arjun and Semialata may be taken for promotion of tasar silk and lac
cultivation activity.
State Government
• Government should implement watershed development programme with a watershed
plus approach. More number of farm ponds may be constructed under MGNREGA to
harvest the rain water, so as meet the critical irrigation requirement and stabilize
farmer’s income.
• Soil Conservation Department of the State Government should gear up their extension
wing to generate awareness and technical inputs among farmers about the economic
57
benefits that would accrue through various land development activities, water
conservation and also motivating them to take up rain water harvesting, management
of drainage lines activities though community approach. The exposure visits of the
farmers should be taken to developed watershed with in State or outside the State.
• Considering the large arable area and problematic soil and land characteristics, there
is necessity for providing soil testing facilities in each block/panchayat headquarters.
Agriculture Department may promote entrepreneurs to establish soil health labs at
village level for issue of Soil Health Card.
• Agriculture Department and KVK take initiative to encourage farmers for adopting the
organic farming and cultivation of green manuring crops like Dhanicha to improve soil
fertility and nutrient management.
• Popularization of organic cultivation of crops, which have market potential and
thereby taking emerging market opportunities in the areas where the State has a
competitive advantage.
Banks
• Large potential has been created under the irrigation projects funded by RIDF,
MGNREGA, IWMP, BGREI and other schemes. On farm development needs of such
projects will require institutional finance. Banks may finance through alternative
approaches viz:- providing credit to Joint Liability Groups, Farmers’ Producer
Organization, Self Help Group etc.
• Banks may extend credit facilities to the technically qualified unemployed trained
youth for setting up of Soil Testing Center, Agribusiness and Agri Service Centres.
4.1.2.3 Others-Tissue culture, Agri-Biotech, Seed Production, Vermicomposting,

Bio-pesticides/Fertilizers, etc.
As an emerging technology, the plant tissue culture has a great impact on both agriculture and
industry, through providing plants needed to meet the ever increasing demand. It has emerged
as an important commercially viable tool to multiply elite varieties of high quality, disease free
and high yielding plants rapidly in the laboratory irrespective of the season. Agriculture is
adversely affected by numerous pests like bacteria, fungi, weeds and insects, leading to
reduced yield and poor quality of produce. Indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers has also
affected the soil quality and crop productivity. Bio pesticides and bio fertilizers, the naturally
occurring formulations made from the substances that control pests by nontoxic mechanism
and in an eco-friendly manner, is gaining interest because of its advantages associated with
the health benefits, environmental safety, target-specificity, efficacy, biodegradability and
sustainability in the “Integrated Pest Management (IPM)” programme. Application of bio-
fertilizers (Rhizobium, PSB culture) and bio-pesticides have shown increase in productivity
while preserving the soil quality and at the same time provides safe food fit for human
consumption. Application of good quality organic manure such as vermi-compost, NADEP
compost, Green manure, Neem oil, Trichoderma, Pseudomonas, etc. are gaining popularity
among farmers. Application of bio-fertilizers, bio-pesticides, organic manure, green manure
etc. has gained interest in view of the growing demand for organically produced agri produce.
Quality seed is the most critical for enhancing agriculture production. The seed replacement
rate is 15% in the State. Farm saved seed is commonly used to raise the next crop,
predominantly in the State. Though the seed is critical, its cost in farmers’ total price in input
58
is low as compared to other inputs such as fertiliser, pesticides, etc. With a small increase in
seed expenses, the yield enhancement could be increased significantly.
The total credit potential of ₹88.70 crore for the year 2020-21 is projected. The district wise
details of projections are given in Annexure -I.
b. Suggested Action Points
State Government
• The availability of credit at subsidised rate and/or availability of subsidy will attract
entrepreneurs for commercial production of organic inputs viz: - biofertilizer, vermi
compost/vermi hatcheries & compost from vegetables, fruits, etc.
• Agriculture Department, ATMA and KVK should take the initiative to popularise
organic farming through application of bio-fertilizer, bio-pesticides, organic manure
etc.
• Agriculture Department, KVK, ATMA may promote seed villages for production of
quality seed and availability of seed to farmers at right time.
Banks:
• Banks may proactively finance projects for NADEP and Vermicomposting/Organic
farming/Natueco farming and Seed development.
4.1.3 Ancillary Activities
As per the revised PSL guidelines, the following are covered under the sub head “Ancillary
activities”.
• Loans up to ₹5.00 crore to Co-operative Societies of farmers for disposing of the produce
of members.
• Loans for setting up of Agri-clinic and Agri-business Centres.
• Loans for Food and Agro-processing up to an aggregate sanctioned limit of ₹100.00 crore
per borrower from the banking system.
• Bank loans to Primary Agricultural Credit Societies (PACS), Farmers’ Service Societies
(FSS) and Large-sized Adivasi Multi-Purpose Societies (LAMPS) for on-lending to
agriculture.
• Loans sanctioned by banks to MFIs for on-lending to agriculture sector
4.1.3.1. Food & Agro Processing
Preventing post-harvest losses has been marked as one of the thrust areas identified by
Hon’ble Prime Minister for achieving the goal of Doubling of Farmers’ Income by the
Diamond Jubilee Year of Independent India i.e. 2022. Around 30% of the country’s food
produce gets wasted mainly due to the lack of adequate post-harvest infrastructural facilities
and insufficient supply chain management. GoI has therefore identified food and agro
processing sector as one of the thrust areas and taken several steps viz., establishment of
AEZs, Food Parks, etc. for promoting agro/food processing sector, which contributes 14% of
manufacturing sector in India. GoI has also taken several other measures to promote the
59
sector, viz., National Policy on Food Processing aiming to increase the level of food processing
to 25% by 2025; exemption from/reduction in excise/custom duty on a variety of processed
food items/related machineries; relief in income tax in case of new agro-processing industries
and provision of financial support for establishment/expansion/modernization of food
processing industries; Mega Food Park Scheme; establishment of integrated cold chain,
establishment of modern and scientific packaging centres, modernization of existing abattoirs
and establishment of new abattoirs under “Scheme Based Assistance”.
Food processing industry in the State is at a nascent stage. Various reports suggest that there
are around 1500 food processing units operational in the State, most of which being micro &
small units in production of tomato sauce, juices and concentrates, jams & jellies, papad,
pickles, grain milling, vadi, spices grinding, etc. Jharkhand is a vegetable-surplus State. The
State supplies around one million tonne vegetables to other States mainly Bihar, Odisha and
West Bengal every year. Given the abundant production in the State, there is a good scope for
establishment of vegetable and fruit processing units. A few of the possible interventions in
food processing could be in the following items: Tomatoes, Green Peas, Spices, Aonla, Mango,
Guava, Litchi, Jackfruit and Custard Apple.
a. Infrastructure & Support Services
GoI is implementing a Mega Food Park named Jharkhand Mega Food Park at Getalsud village
in Ranchi district on an area of 56 acre where 22 food processing units were established. The
park was set up to cater the needs of farmers of Ranchi, Lohardaga, Gumla, Khunti, Hazaribag
and Ramgarh districts. The establishment of this Mega Food Park is spread over an area of
51.50 acres of land at an estimated cost of ₹114.73 crore. The project is aimed at creating a
modern infrastructure for arresting post-harvest losses of horticultural and non-horticultural
produce and provide impetus to the growth of food processing sector in State. The Food Park
was set up with public private partnership (PPP) project, to facilitate multi chamber cold
storage, dry warehouse, vegetable dehydration line, modern quality control and testing
laboratory and other processing facilities for fruits and vegetables.
b. Food Processing Industries Policy -2015
With a view to ensuring focused attention to development of food processing sector of the
State, policy has been formulated by the GoJ, which envisage to facilitate creation of a
conducive atmosphere for development of the sector. The State organized an ambitious
campaign “Momentum Jharkhand, as well as, a Road show on “World Food India Summit-
2017” for inviting investment in Food & Agro-Processing sector including post-harvest
management & value chain creation considering its advantageous position in the matter of
strategic location and production of wide varieties of field crops, fruits & vegetable,
sericulture, minor forest produce, honey, medicinal herbs, dairy, fishery, animal products
mostly in organic manner. Jharkhand has also set up single window facility for farmers to
guide them on various government schemes including initiatives for development of agro-
processing and development of linkages with agro-processing and collection centres. The
Ministry of Food Processing Industries has accorded “in-principle approval” for setting up a
mega food park Rangamatia of Chandankyari block, Bokaro.
The State Govt has identified agro industries as a major thrust area. The single window policy
aims to spur investments in agro processing, agro infrastructure and hi-tech agriculture. State
Govt. is also preparing a vision document for food processing with the help of JINFRA-IL&FS.
60

Keeping in view the available natural resources, the total credit potential has been projected
at ₹273.35 crore for the year 2020-21. The district wise details of projections are given in
Annexure -I.
State Govt.
• Creation of quality value chain eventually linking with the high end markets/retail
chains like Big Bazaar/Big Basket/Reliance Smart/Reliance Fresh/Easy Day etc. may
be a focal point of the promotional activities
• MSME clusters including those of SFs/MFs being promoted by NABARD as FPOs may
be promoted under identified specific crop e.g. cashew, mango, jackfruit, vegetables,
etc.
• State Govt. may create support mechanism to help private investors along with FPOs
in developing end-to-end integrated project in agro industry/food processing value
chain.
• Setting up of new cold chain/cold storage or upgradation of existing facilities may be
aggressively promoted. Banks may finance such good and viable projects under it.
• SHG-linked small food & agro-processing units can be promoted in State by banks,
who may be eventually turned into the Producer Companies in later phases having
good commercial linkages.
• Special efforts needed to be made in certain high production pockets of select
commodities to encourage production of processing varieties or raw materials for the
user industries. Facilitation of a mutual arrangement between the industries and
producers through co-ordinated efforts of DIC and the Horticulture Department would
act as a catalyst in promoting the sector.
• Lack of an effective engagement of banks in various skill/entrepreneurship
development programmes has led to an unsatisfactory success rate of such
interventions as reflected in lower settlement rates. Thus, a better coordination would
significantly improve the efficacy of such efforts.
• Producer organizations may be promoted to take up value addition activities in farm
and non-farm sector.
4.1.3.2 Others - Agri-Clinic/Agri Business Centres (ACABC), Loans to
PACS/FSS/LAMPS, Loans to MFIs for on lending to agriculture
PACS, MFIs, Producer Cooperative Societies, Producers Organisations, etc. can play an
important role in promoting access to higher technology, value addition, providing market
linkages, dispensing affordable credit to farmers in order to enhance viability and profitability
of agricultural activities. Provision of extension services from Govt., KVKs, ACABC units, etc.
can be aptly complemented by such entities so as to facilitate quicker transfer of technologies
and capacity building of Small/Marginal farmers. Govt of India and NABARD are giving a
huge thrust to promotion of FPOs especially of Small and Marginal farmers and capacity
building of FPOs in the country with a view to help small/marginal producers to enhance their
social and financial capital and also to participate more effectively in value chain of their
respective economic activities.
61
a. FPOs promoted by NABARD
Under PRODUCE fund of GoI, 65 FPOs have been promoted in the State, of which 61 FPOs
have already been registered under relevant laws and around 45 FPOs have initiated their
business activities while others are making good progress in this regard. 125 new FPOs have
also been promoted by NABARD under its own und i.e. PODF-ID. Out of 125, 49 FPOs have
already been registered in different districts. A brief profile of such FPOs is presented below.
Table 4.2 Details of FPOs promoted under PRODUCE Fund by NABARD in

Jharkhand
Total Total no. of Districts where FPOs have Involved Registered under
no. of FPOs been registered in
POPIs* promoted activities Company Societies
Act Act
32 65 Bokaro -1, Chatra -2, Seed, 47 14

Deoghar-2 , Dhanbad 3, Vegetables
Dumka- 4, E. Singhbhum-1, / fruits,
Garhwa - 1, Gumla - 5, allied
Hazaribagh - 6, Jamtara - 2, activities,
Khunti - 3, Koderma - 2, Fisheries,
Latehar - 2, Lohardaga - 2, Lac, etc.
Pakur - 4, Palamau - 3,
Ramgarh - 6, Ranchi - 8,
Sahibganj - 2, S. Kharsawan
- 2,
Table 4.3 Details of FPOs promoted under PODF-ID by NABARD in Jharkhand

Total Total No. Districts where FPOs have Involved in Registered under
No. of of FPOs been registered activities
POPIs* Promoted Company Societies
Act Act
20 125 Godda- 9, Dumka -15, Agri Inputs, 42 7

Deoghar-2, Giridih -3, vegetables,
Chatra-5, Gumla -5, fruits, allied
Lohardaga -5, Ranchi -5 activities,
fisheries, lac,
etc.
* POPI- Producers’ Organisation Promoting Institutions
NABARD has also sanctioned two Off Farm Producer Organisations (OFPOs) in Lohardaga
and Sarakela-Kharsawan districts of Jharkhand for development and marketing of handicrafts
of tribal people.
State Govt. has also evinced keen interest in providing facilitation services to the FPOs being
promoted under PRODUCE Fund through convergence with efforts of NABARD in the
following manner.
• Online registration for obtaining license for dealing in agri-inputs, etc.
• To explore possibilities of promoting fishery activity in high potential areas of Chandil
dam, Saraikela-Kharsawan and Tenughat Dam in Bokaro.
62
• GoJ to form/identify a nodal agency to act as a single-window source for technical

support, training, research & knowledge management for FPOs & entities engaged in
promotion & development of FPOs.
• GoJ to consider introducing interest
subvention scheme for FPOs on the lines of Box 4.6: NABFPO Portal
KCC Scheme.
NABARD has taken an initiative to
• State Government to consider procurement digitize FPOs under which basic
through FPOs at MSP plus bonus. details, member details are being
• Credit Guarantee Fund for FPOs on the pattern updated. Till date, data of 110
of other States like Odisha to provide easier FPOs have been digitized.
credit from the banking system.
• GoJ to set up a trade facilitation centre
exclusively for FPOs in districts with potential for such centres in Ranchi, Bokaro,
Jamshedpur, and Hazaribag.
• The State Govt. to prepare a policy for FPOs on the pattern of neighboring State of
Odisha for providing financial and technical support.
•
b. Status and Issues of Cooperatives at ground level
There are 4394 PACS/LAMPs in the State with farmer member of 20.55 lakhs. These
PACS/LAMPS would need substantial financial accommodation from banks in order to meet
the financial requirements of their operations. The issues which need to be addressed in
relation with functioning and operations of the PACS/ LAMPS are:
• Borrowing members of PACS/LAMPS are less than 1%. In order to attain effective
viability, PACS/LAMPS would have to improve the borrowing membership
substantially.
• PACS to regain their leadership position in agriculture credit by enhancing their
market share including under investment activities under agriculture and allied
activities and by graduating themselves into One-Stop Shop for farmers i.e. Multi-
Service Centres.
• State Govt. to take necessary steps to ensure computerization of PACS/LAMPS as also
their integration with CBS of the StCB for achieving compatibility with DBT and
PMFBY schemes.
• Audit of PACS/LAMPS is in arrears for an average period of 2-3 years and needs to be
regularized.
c. Agri Clinic and Agri Business Centres (ACABC)

The ACABC scheme is an ongoing credit linked subsidy scheme of GoI being implemented
through NABARD under which assistance is available to graduate/diploma holders in
agriculture & allied disciplines for establishment of units for a wide range of activities relating
to all the sectors of agriculture and allied activities like Horticulture, Dairy, Animal
Husbandry, Fisheries, etc.
d. Projection of credit potential
Keeping in view the potential and infrastructure available, the total credit potential has been
projected at ₹82.23 crore for the year 2020-21. The district wise details of projections are given
in Annexure -I.
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e. Suggested Action points

• Bank may finance ACABC units for which subsidy is available from GoI.
• Banks may finance good PACS, Producer Coop Societies and FPOs for agriculture & allied
activities.
• More awareness programmes under ACABC scheme may be made to attract agriculture
graduates.
• Cooperation Dept. may strengthen PACS by capacity building measures, use of IT and
facilitating graduation of some good working PACS into Multi-Service Centres.
4.2 MSME- Working Capital and Investment Credit
Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector has emerged as a highly vibrant and
dynamic sector of the Indian economy. It contributes significantly to the socio-economic
development of the country by fostering entrepreneurship and generating employment
opportunities at comparatively lower capital cost, next only to agriculture. MSMEs also help
in industrialization of rural & backward areas, thereby, reducing regional imbalances, assuring
more equitable distribution of national income and wealth. MSMEs are complementary to
large industries as ancillary units and this sector contributes significantly in the inclusive
industrial development of the country. The sector through more than 6,000 products
contributes about 28.90% to GDP. The MSME sector has the potential to spread industrial
growth across the country and can be a major partner in the process of inclusive growth.
4.2.1 Status of MSME in Jharkhand
As per MSME Annual Report 2018-19, 2.50 percent of estimated numbers of enterprises in
India are present in Jharkhand and it accounts for 2.24 percent of the employment of the
country. Since June 2016 total MSME accounts of banks in Jharkhand has shown a massive
growth from 519000 to 590000 in June 2018. The credit-outstanding in these accounts has
increased from ₹18921.55 crores to ₹22208.72 crores showing a growth of 15.62%.
Table 4.4: Distribution of Principal characteristics of MSME Sector
Particulars Enterprises (Lakh no.) Employment (Lakh no.)
Jharkhand 15.88 24.91
All-India 633.88 1109.89
% of Jharkhand’s share 2.50 2.24
4.2.2 Scope for modern, ancillary and downstream industries

The outer fringe of the State covering north-eastern and south-eastern region is the premier
site of industrial establishments. Singhbhum industrial area is a hub of automotive, chemicals,
electrical equipment and electronic goods. The State is hub of mining and mineral extraction
industries. Availability of iron, steel, aluminium, copper, other metals and non-metals, water,
industrial labour has led to growth of engineering industries in Jamshedpur, Ranchi and
Bokaro. Under “Momentum Jharkhand” and “Make in Jharkhand” drives, Jharkhand is
leading and is wooing investors in mineral exploration, plastics and rubber, chemicals,
electrical, cement, metallurgy and automobile components, equipment’s for heavy
engineering companies etc.
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4.2.3 Scope for traditional industries
Khadi, Handloom, Handicrafts, Silk, Lac and Shellac, Tobacco, Stone and Wooden industries
are prominent MSMEs of the State. Jharkhand is the largest producer of tasar silk. The State
accounts for 7% share in India’s silk production and 40% share in tasar silk production.
Government of India has sanctioned a mega handloom cluster development scheme in favour
of JHARCRAFT. This will help in developing infrastructure, design and marketing
development of the product made by the weavers of Godda, Dumka, Sahibganj, Deoghar and
Jamtara districts. An integrated handicraft development scheme has been sanctioned and is
being implemented by JHARCRAFT. Construction of a Silk Park at Irwa has already been
started and the construction of Silk Park at Amda is to be started soon. Computer Design
training will be imparted to weavers at Ranchi, Saraikela, Deoghar and Hazaribag.
Infrastructure has already been created. Weavers' training has been started. JICD (Jharkhand
Institute of Craft and design) will be started during this year with the help of National Institute
of Design (NID). This will help in providing degree courses to students on craft, design,
entrepreneurship and animation.
4.2.4 Policy thrust
Considering the role of MSMEs in creation of employment opportunities, Jharkhand

Industrial & Investment Promotion Policy - 2016, inter alia, seeks to establish linkage between
large industries and MSME/ancillaries, promote textiles, auto components, IT besides
ancillary and downstream industries. As MSME sector is an integral part of the state’s
economy, the government intend to offer a conducive eco-system and competitive fiscal
incentives to MSMEs’ through Jharkhand Industrial and Investment Promotion Policy 2016.
Some of the strategies that would be undertaken are price preference, safeguarding the interest
of the local Micro and Small Enterprises (MSE), providing platforms for interaction between
enterprises of Jharkhand and potential domestic and global markets through trade fairs, road
shows, encouraging the MSEs to participate in national and overseas business fairs and
exhibitions and international delegations, setting up a permanent exhibition-cum-convention
centre for exclusive display of MSME products, special emphasis on providing Common
Facility Centres (CFC) mainly through Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) initiatives to MSME
projects in clusters and initiatives of the four Industrial Area Development Authorities as land
banks for provision of international standard infrastructure and facilities. Major initiative
taken by GoJ are as under:
• Launching of Jharkhand Industrial & Investment promotion Policy-2016 having single
window clearance mechanism to boost ease of doing business in Jharkhand.
• An Incubation cell has been set up in collaboration with IIM Ahmedabad at Ranchi to
guide budding entrepreneurs. It will act as a forum to generate new business ideas.
Special Credit Linked Capital Subsidy Scheme-Under this scheme, 25% capital
subsidy is given to SC/ST MSMEs for technology upgradation (limited to maximum of ₹1.00
crore).
4.2.5 Ground Level Credit Flow
Lack of sufficient collateral is seen as a major road block for the micro/small enterprise units
(MSEs) in obtaining credit from the banking system. Keeping this in view, the government of
India and SIDBI had set up “Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises”
(CGTMSE). On the basis of CGTMSE guidelines, MSE loans up to ₹2 crores are eligible for a
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credit guarantee cover which is extended to those entrepreneurs who have viable
projects/proposals but lack adequate collateral security to offer.
4.2.6 Projection of credit potential
The potential credit (term loan and working capital) for the year 2020-21 is projected at
₹11304.17 crore for the year 2020-21. The district wise details of projections are given in
Annexure -I.
4.2.7 Infrastructure & Support Services
The Department of Industries’ organizations like Industrial Area Development Authorities,

Jharkhand State Khadi & Village industries Board, Jharkhand Industrial Infrastructure
Development Corporation (JIIDCO), Single Window Society and JHARCRAFT are making
significant contributions in industrialization of the State. Government is also committed to
provide international standard infrastructure and facilities in the industrial areas and estates
managed by the Industrial Area Development Authorities. There are four Industrial Area
Development Authorities in Jharkhand State located at Ranchi, Bokaro, Dumka and
Adityapur. These authorities are assigned to create infrastructure for development of Industry
in selected areas by providing developed plots, sheds and infrastructure facilities to industrial
units. It is also aimed to extend advisory services to MSME industries and helping in
marketing.
4.2.8 Suggested Action Points
Government Departments
• More efforts are needed by agencies like DIC to create awareness amongst the
prospective entrepreneurs about the opportunities in the MSME sector and
support/incentives from Govt. for promoting this activity.
• The marketing agencies, viz:- JHARCRAFT, JHASCOLAMPF, JHAMCOFED, etc. need
to expand their geographical coverage and number of outlets to provide effective
marketing facilities for various products of rural artisans including those based on
natural resource.
• Identifying labour intensive low skill-based modern sectors including new sectors for
employment generation. Under Human Capital formation, Industry-led skilling under
various mission such as “Skill India”, “Deen Dayal Upadhyay Grameen Kaushal Visas
Yojana”, Craftsman Training Schemes (CTS), needs to be upscaled by establishment of
skill councils, skill development and management centres.
• Manufacturing to be accelerated keeping in view low level of production and low level
of exports.
• Setting up of ITIs/Polytechnics in all the districts of the State including development
of Women ITIs with quality infrastructure under private and PPP mode.
• Planning for growth of region specific MSMEs in clusters or MSME zones under MSE-
CDP for infrastructure development, investment and manufacturing.
• Promotion of Off-farm producers’ organizations.
• Promotion of e-platforms on the lines of “Stand up India” portal for instant accessing
information and online application.
• Full capacity utilization of production facilities and reducing cost of production,
working capital management, marketing avenues and credit guarantee.
• Setting up of exclusive marketing organizations.
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• Mapping technology gaps and improving Government-Industry-Academia

collaboration for technology upgradation and giving access to critical technologies
available with research agencies or popularize through Transfer of Technology
arrangements.
• Encouraging adoption of green technology, energy efficiency and sustainability of
environment.
• Facilitating quality control certification of MSMEs.
Banks
• Adequate credit including working capital financing to MSMEs.
• Setting up of dedicated branches near clusters.
• Access to finance needs to be enlarged through alternative sources of capital.
• Besides implementing Code of Bank’s Commitment to SME as specified by the Banking
Codes and Standards Board of India, public sector banks have been advised to open at
least one specialized branch in each district.
• Banks to put in place system-driven comprehensive performance management
information system at every tier, introduction of e-tracking of MSME loan applications
and timely rehabilitation of sick units.
• Banks need to adhere to fair practice code while deciding margin, inspection charges,
penal interest etc. including covering loans up to ₹1 crore by Commercial banks, ₹50
lakh for eligible RRBs.
• Capacity building of bank officials in appraisal and monitoring of MSME projects.
4.3 Export Credit
Jharkhand State recorded more than 1 billion USD worth exports in 2017-18 registering a
growth of over 56%. Textile & apparels, food & agro processing, mining, automobile and auto
parts offer good scope for exports from the State. The State’s proximity to major ports at
Kolkata, Haldia and Paradeep and its strategic location shadowing East Asian nations makes
it attractive destination for export oriented units.
It is a leading State in vegetable cultivation and produces nearly two million tonnes of high
quality vegetables like cabbage, cauliflower, etc. Dairy sector also offers scope for production
and export of milk and milk products. Jharkhand produces nearly 2200 MT of raw silk
annually and accounts for nearly 65% of tasar silk production in the country. The State is rich
in forest resources having scope for exporting a variety of items from these sectors.
Major export items are iron & steel, cement, automobile & components, engineering goods,
wire ropes, glass sheets, copper, mica and uranium. The value of exports from the State stands
at around USD 1117 million during 2017-18. Around 48% share in State’s exports is
contributed by iron & steel in 2017-18. The volume of exports from the State is estimated to
reach about USD 2000 million by 2021-22 on the basis of speedy reforms including ease of
doing business being taken to spur industrial growth and promotion of export oriented units
in the coming times.
a. Infrastructure and linkage support
Jharkhand State produces 25% of the steel in India and offers scope for manufacture and
export of exploration equipment, mining exploration vehicles, processing and refining
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equipment and transportation vehicles. There are eight industrial areas in the State of which
Ranchi, Dhanbad-Bokaro and Singbhum Industrial areas have major export oriented
industrial units. The State has mega steel units of SAIL, Tata, Jindal Steel & Power, Bokaro
Steel Plant, Bharat Ispat Udyog, Pig-iron and Cast-iron units, Fireclay/Firebricks and Silica
works at various places, Usha Beltron wire ropes unit and large cement plants of ACC Ltd.,
Lafarge India and Jaypee Group.
More than 600 auto ancillary industries including auto component units are running in
Adityapur, which is one of the largest auto clusters in the country. A number of heavy-
engineering companies produce equipment and provide turn-key and consulting services. The
export potential emanates from Jamshedpur and Bokaro engineering clusters. Singbhum
Industrial area is dominated by TATA group having companies like TISCO, TELCO, Tata
Pigment, Timken India and Tata Yadogawa which are export oriented.
In order to give special thrust to silk, Jharkhand Silk, Textile and Handicrafts Development
Corporation (JHARCRAFT) has been established in 2006. JHARCRAFT has emerged as a
brand not only in India but also abroad. It is estimated that there are around 2.0 lakh rearers,
reelers and spinners in the State. There are 17 clusters of tasar Silk in the State. Jharkhand is
the only State in the country to have achieved an integrated silk production chain. It exports
tasar silk to US, UK, Germany, France, Turkey, Japan, Australia, Sweden and Switzerland. In
order to promote integrated development of the sector, the State is coming up with two silk
parks at Ranchi and Kharsawan.
Lac cultivation has been an important source of livelihoods of small and marginal farmers and
forest dwellers. India is a major producer and exporter of lac and contributes 60% of the
world’s requirements. Jharkhand alone contributes about 42% of the total lac production in
the country. The industrial activities having export potential are to produce value added
products from lac viz. shellac, bleached lac, aleuritic acid and lac dye. These are used in food
items, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, paints and varnishes.
Under agri-sector, Jharkhand has 2 million tonnes of high quality surplus vegetables, suitable
for processing and export. Other NTFP items like chironjee and honey offer scope for exports
from Jharkhand. Despite the State’s climatic advantages in growing high-value vegetables,
fruits and spices, Jharkhand loses out on export potential due to lack of post-harvest
infrastructure. Jharkhand is the second largest producer of litchi in the country after Bihar,
but again due to lack of post-harvest facilities, it is not able to exploit the export potential.
Jharkhand produces organic cauliflower, okra and peas almost round the year, but lack of
post-harvest infrastructure, it is not connected to outside market. Jharkhand has the potential
to become an organic powerhouse.
b. Policy support
Jharkhand Export Policy 2015 has been formulated to facilitate and provide incentives for
boosting exports from the State and envisages contributing to enhancement of share of India’s
export in the world. The policy includes infrastructure support and fiscal incentives. Efforts
have been made to have MoU/strategic partnership/task force engagement with various
export agencies for promotion of exports on value added products. Despite having a
progressive export policy, absence of an export action plan, the export sector is fragmented.
Refinance for long term is available from EXIM Bank, which provides 100% of term credits
for export contract up to ₹3.00 crore. Export of all types of goods and services have been
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exempted from the levy of service tax. Export credit is covered under ECGC Ltd. ECGC also
provides direct insurance to exporters for covering commercial and political risks.
The limits specified for domestic banks, which are major export finance sources will have to
provide incremental export credit over corresponding date of the preceding year, up to 2 per
cent of ANBC or credit equivalent amount of off-balance sheet exposure, whichever is higher
from April 1, 2015 subject to a sanctioned limit up to ₹250 million per borrower to units having
turn over up to ₹1 billion. Considering the emerging trends in export promotion, the potential
is projected at ₹80.64 crore for the year 2020-21. The district wise details of projections are
given in Annexure -I.
Banks
• With a view to ensuring timely delivery of credit to exporters and removing procedural
hassles, simplification guidelines including fast track clearance of export credit by
specialised branches, publicity & customer education and training for both rupee export
credit as well as export credit in foreign currency should be followed by banks scrupulously
State Government
• Faster movement of goods through Inland Container Depot (ICD) facility should be
operationalized as most of its minerals and industrial goods are transported to
neighbouring States and ports for exports.
• Government may look into the development of post-harvest and processing infrastructure
in the State to enhance food and agro processing export sector.
• Export promotion policy should be reviewed as per strength and world demand.
• Establishment of AEZ, SEZ, Software Technology Parks, Electronic Hardware Technology
Parks through PPP mode.
e. Other related matters
Consequent upon the winding up of the State Level Export Promotion Committee (SLEPC),
issues relating to export finance and other bank related issues at the State level is taken up by
a sub-committee of the State Level Bankers’ Committee consisting local exporters association,
SBI, two/three leading banks handling sizeable export finance, Director General of Foreign
Trade, Customs, State Government (Department of Commerce and Industry and Department
of Finance), Export-Import Bank, Export Credit and Guarantee Corporation, Foreign
Exchange Dealers Association of India besides RBI (Foreign Exchange Department and
Department of Banking Supervision) as members.
4.4 Education
The State of Jharkhand has given top priority to higher educational requirements of its people
for building up a responsive human capital base for its faster development. However,
education imparted by acclaimed and influential private educational institutions both in India
and abroad is decidedly costly. Thus, education loans are vitally important.
As per the norms of RBI under priority Sector Lending “Loans to individuals for educational
purposes including vocational courses up to ₹10 lakh irrespective of the sanctioned amount
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will be considered as eligible for priority sector”. Banks, in their individual capacity, will be
offering a whole suit of exclusive features and benefits under education loans.
As per the recently published Sustainable Development Goal Index for India 2019 (Jan 2020),
under the Goal of Quality Education-SGD 4 the State of Jharkhand has scored 42, way behind
Himachal Pradesh which scored the highest point of 81.
The literacy rate of the State is 66.41% with significant improvement in female literacy rate at
55.42% (Census 2011). The State is aiming at 100% literacy and reduce the gender difference
in the coming years. These excessively fragmented schooling units have proved to be a big
challenge in ensuring quality education and adequate learning outcomes.
Many of these schools do not have adequate land for the construction of quality infrastructure
such as the required number of classrooms, playgrounds, laboratories etc. Merger and
consolidation exercise for the sub-scale schools was undertaken during the last three years in
the State.
The objective of the school reorganization exercise was to identify and merge the sub-scale
schools, where alternative government schools were available for all the students affected by
this reorganization within the RTE norms of walking distance. As a result of the reorganization
of schools the number of schools has decreased by 10.9 per cent in the year 2017-18. School-
reorganization has a significant impact on the availability of teachers in the schools. It will be
helpful in improving the ‘delta’ ranking for the aspirational districts.
The condition of classrooms in schools in the State is better than the national average and only
3-5 per cent of the classrooms in primary/higher secondary schools require major repair.
Financial assistance to improve the school as well as college infrastructure across Jharkhand
is needed.
According to All India Survey on Higher Education (AISHE) 2017-18, Jharkhand has 18
universities and constitute 2.33% of universities in the country. The State has achieved
universal elementary education with around 60 lakh enrolment in the elementary education.
However, the GER in the State for higher education is 18% which is significantly lower than
the national average of 25.8%. The State Government aims to notch the GER up to 32 percent
by the end of 2022. Pushed by the government’s efforts, several colleges have begun offering
evening classes to accommodate more students. This system is expected to be replicated in
polytechnics of the State as well. The pupil teacher ratio in higher education institutes in the
State is 59, when compared to the national average of 29 which again needs improvement.
Jharkhand has 309 colleges, which account for less than 1% of the colleges in the country.
There are 8 colleges per lakh of population in the State when compared to 28 colleges per lakh
population in the country. Average enrolment of youth between the age 18-23 years is 1875
when compared to all India figure of 693. There are 59 Government run ITIs with training
capacity of 17200 and 100 private ITIs. Percentage of youth taking vocational training in
Jharkhand is 6.7%, when compared to a national average of 5.3%. The premier educational
institutions of Jharkhand are as under:
Ranchi University, presently comprising 35 constituent colleges and 29 affiliated colleges, was
established in 1960. The other institutes of repute in the State are Birla Institute of
Technology at Mesra, Birsa Agricultural University at Ranchi, IIM Ranchi, National Law
University, Ranchi - the fourteenth national law University of India, Xavier Institute of Social
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Service (XISS), Institute of Science & Management (ISM), National Institute of Foundry &
Forge Technology (NIFFT) , Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS. The Central
University of Jharkhand (CUJ) established by an act of Indian Parliament in 2009 offers 50+
courses which includes a wide range of five year "Integrated Masters Programs" in more than
20 disciplines, 16 postgraduate programs and Ph.D. in almost 20 disciplines.
b. GLC flow and projection of credit potential
The GLC for the year ended 31.03.2019 was ₹399.07 crore. The projection of the credit flow to
this sector for the year 2019-20 has been estimated at ₹1130.61 crore. The credit potential for
the sector is projected at ₹1154.75 crore for the year 2020-21. The district wise details of
projections are given in Annexure -I.
Through a multipronged approach, the government of Jharkhand has improved the quality
and reach of education in the State at all levels. It has facilitated industry academia interaction
to improve the employability of youth and also taken rapid strides to mitigate the gender gap
in Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER).
Govt. of Jharkhand is moving in a phased manner for increasing the infrastructure in
polytechnics and technical colleges. There are plans to open at least one degree-college in each
assembly constituency. For bachelor’s and master’s degrees, there are only 62 affiliated
colleges in Jharkhand. If the number of students passing out from schools are considered, the
State requires at least 300 such degree colleges. There is a need to establish such institutions
with private partners also.
To improve the quality of education and bring in investment in the education sector, five
private university acts have been passed by the assembly. These five private universities are
planning to invest in a big way in the next five years. The Government is planning on demand
and choice-based education which will focus on a student’s employment prospects. The
number of professional colleges and related infrastructure also needs to be improved.
Banks
• Banks may promote education loan scheme among the students, parents by holding
awareness meets in schools, colleges, professional educational institutes.
• Banks may tie up with educational and professional institutions to enable students &
entrepreneurs to avail education loans without any hassle.
• Banks should properly appraise the education loan applications and not reject
application on flimsy grounds and rejection if any is to be done only with concurrence
of higher authority.
• Bank should sanction loan within time norm stipulated for priority sector advance.
State Govt. (Department of Higher/ Technical Education)
• Repair of class rooms and upgradation of facilities like laboratories, hostels especially in
technical and higher education levels.
• Educational Depts., Schools, Colleges may facilitate educational loans to needy students by
working in close coordination with banks.
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• Government may study the gaps in its educational infrastructure and bridge the gaps for
allowing students to pursue professional courses inside the State.
• Model loan scheme devised by IBA under national initiatives for skill development for
vocational education and training may be implemented in the State.
4.5 Housing
Housing is an important sector as it has a direct impact on employment generation, GDP

growth and consumption pattern in the economy. Housing related activities in the country like
construction, renovation, maintenance and those related to trading, financing, mortgage
banks, real estate agents, appraisers, movers and notaries are estimated to account between
5-10 per cent of GDP.
Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana scheme was launched in 2015 with an aim to build houses for
all by 2022. The execution in the first phase in the urban areas has been fairly promising and
in 2016 in the second phase the scheme was extended to rural areas as PMAY-Grameen under
which Government is planning to build 1.95 crore houses for the eligible beneficiaries.
The scheme not only aims at improving infrastructure in rural areas but also focuses on
improving their lifestyles by providing basic facilities such as toilets, electricity and LPG
connections to the masses. The development of houses/housing complexes would bring
demand boost for the entire segment of building materials and labour. Companies operating
across various sectors such as cement, tiles and sanitary ware, pipes, paints and construction
chemicals also stand to benefit through this move.
There is a major hike in the financial assistance provided to its beneficiaries, which is ₹1.2 lakh
per housing unit for the plains and ₹1.3 lakh for the hilly areas and the assistance is directly
transferred into the account of the beneficiary through electronic transfer. A National
Technical Support Agency (NTSA) has also been created under this scheme in order to ensure
the quality of the houses.
For the purpose of providing basic amenities and sustainable living conditions to the rural
poor, the houses constructed under PMAY-G are to be integrated with the various existing
schemes introduced by the government. The construction of toilets and facilities for the
treatment of domestic wastes in the rural households will be financed through Swachh Bharat
Mission. The convergence of National Rural Drinking Water Program with PMAY-G will
ensure that the beneficiaries have access to safe and clean drinking water. The houses built
under PMAY-G will be provided with electricity connections by Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gram
Jyoti Yojana rural electrification programme. Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana launched in
2016 will aim to provide LPG connections without security deposits to 5 crore BPL women
across all the rural areas in the country.
Birsa Munda Awas Yojana of the State is a scheme launched to provide rural housing to the
primitive tribal groups of Jharkhand. The unit cost of a Birsa Munda Rural Housing is
₹134000 per house, which is constructed by the beneficiaries themselves under the
supervision of Officers of Welfare Department.
As per the population census 2011, 24% of the population in Jharkhand live in urban areas
when compared to 31% at the All India level. Jharkhand is urbanising at a faster rate of 37%
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than any other parts of the country which is @31%. The decadal growth in urban population
in the State is much higher in class I cities @59% than the other five type urban centres @15%
in class VI.
As per the Census 2011, there are 6,181,607 houses in the State of which 4,685,965 are in the
rural areas and 1,495,642 are in the urban areas. It is estimated that 2,75430 houses are in
dilapidated condition of which 2,19,631 are in rural areas. Only 1.06% of people live in slums
in Jharkhand. 88% of the urban households have access to improved drinking water source
and 59% have improved sanitation facilities.
b. GLC flow and projection of credit potential
The GLC for the year ended 31.03.2019 was ₹1476.72 crore. The projection of the credit flow
to this sector for the year 2019-20 has been estimated at ₹2354.86 crore. The same for the year
2020-21 is projected at ₹2253.73 crore considering low GLC prevailing in the sector.
The financing structure and institutions for rural housing are not only inadequate but also
incredulous in providing loans. Moreover, the collateral and documentation required to seek
loans from the formal financing institutions are difficult to furnish. Under these
circumstances, the rural population end up taking loans from informal sources such as money
lenders at exorbitantly high rates of interest, which further forces them into poverty and
exploitation.
Specific issues of rural housing like provision of homestead land, availability of housing
amenities, access to the cheap institutional credits, access to local and cheap raw materials
and technology adequacy, affordability, strengthening of rural housing institutions, skill
development and livelihood promotion, require convergence policy direction for meeting the
ever increasing need of rural households, who do not have adequate and sustainable houses
to live. For a planned rural habitat development with civic amenities and livelihood
infrastructure, a separate housing policy is desirable.

• For proper implementation and monitoring of various schemes, the Panchayati Raj
institutions need to be strengthened and involved in formulating policies. It can play a
significant role in land mobilization, selection of beneficiaries and ensuring the
sustainable housing construction.
• Considering the increase in the cost of construction materials, the unit cost of dwelling
needs to be rationally decided.
• Adequate investments are also required in R&D for sustainable and environment
friendly housing.
• Rural local youths may be trained in low cost construction activities so that cheap
houses can be made available besides providing repairing and maintenance services.
• Real estate sector may be regulated effectively to build confidence among potential
buyers.
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4.6 Infrastructure-Public Investment/Social Infrastructure involving bank

credit/Renewable Energy
4.6.1 Social Infrastructure involving bank credit
Social infrastructure viz., schools, health care facilities, drinking water and sanitation
contribute immensely towards socio economic development. Considering the demand, there
is a need for financing such social infrastructure activities in Tier II to Tier VI centres, which
is included under Priority Sector Lending.
4.6.1.1 Education
The literacy rate of Jharkhand is 66.41%, which is nearly 7% below the national literacy rate
i.e.74.04%. With male and female literacy rates at 76.84% and 55.42%, there is wide gender
disparity. Sahibganj, Pakur, Godda, Chatra, West Singbhum and Latehar districts are laggard
in literacy rates. There are a total of 2879 secondary schools and 376 senior secondary schools
for 1.5 million and 1.18 million boys/girls respectively. The Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) is
62.41% at secondary level and 32.89% at senior secondary level. Despite having 09
Universities with 120 constituent as well as affiliated colleges, the GER for higher education is
just 13.7% which is lower than the national level i.e. 19.7%. The status of technical education
also needs improvement considering lower student coverage. Thus, there is a need for stepping
up private investment including CSR participation in improving coverage as well as quality of
education in the State.
The schools in Jharkhand have been rationalized and consolidated using the guidelines issued
by Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India.
MHRD has published detailed steps and guiding principles for rationalization of small schools
after detailed consultations with multiple stakeholders.
a) The guidelines emphasize on the need to ensure access of every child to a fully
functional school in terms of availability of teachers, infrastructure, and other
resources as mandated under RTE act.
b) Integrated schools for better learning outcomes and to achieve this, it has provided for
giving out school grants as per number of enrolments with additional grants for
ICT/vocational trainings to schools with grades from I to XII. There is a provision for
transport grant as well to children in order to promote integration of schools.
4.6.1.2 Health
The key health indicators of Jharkhand show that during last five years, it has been able to
improve IMR to 36, under five mortality to 51, pre-natal mortality to 23 and MMR to 245.
Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all ages” is one of the key ‘Sustainable
Development Goals (SDG-3) and the State is committed to achieve it. In order to achieve it,
the State is working towards achieving universal health coverage including financial risk
protection, access to quality essential health-care services and access to safe, effective, quality
and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all (SDG-3.8). The State, over the years,
has succeeded in expanding its health facilities, increasing the number of health personnel
and reducing the malnutrition, morbidity and mortality in the State. A host of health schemes
viz. Janani Suraksha, Janani Shishu Suraksha, Mukhya Mantri Janani Swasthya Suraksha,
Mamata Vahini and Sahiya Schemes have been responsible for improving key health
indicators. However, most of the programmes are directed towards child and mother care.
There are innumerable challenges to the delivery of efficient and holistic health services in the
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State, given the paucity of resources and the plethora of requirements in the health sector. As
regards non-hospitalised care, either NSSO survey (71st round) points out that as compared
to the 60th round where 22% sought health care from the public system, there was a small but
significant shift in rural areas, with 28.3% of care being provided by the public sector. Towards
this end, private sector investment in health care facilities such as pathological lab, nursing
homes in rural areas assumes importance in the State.
At present Jharkhand has three medical colleges and hospital- RIMS, Ranchi; MGMMCH,
Jamshedpur and PMCH, Dhanbad. There are 23 district hospitals (DH), 13 sub-divisional
hospitals (SDH), 188 community health centres (CHC), 330 primary health centres (PHC),
3958 health sub-centres (HSC). There are 55 Urban PHC and 5 Urban CHC. Besides these
health centres 99 Mobile Medical Units (MMU) are also providing medical facilities to the
uncovered people and those living in hinterland. In comparison to March 2017, the number
of HSC and PHCs has increased by 2.9 per cent and 11.1 per cent, respectively by October
2018. Most importantly many of these rural health centers lack essential amenities e.g.
regular water supply, all-weather approachable road, electricity supply and tele-connectivity.
A significant gap exists in the availability of health facilities at different levels. The total
required sub-centres in the rural areas is 6060 out of which 3958 are in position, resulting
into a shortfall of 34.7 per cent. A total number of required PHCs is 966 out of which 330 is
in position, therefore, having a 65.8 per cent shortfall. Out of a total 241 CHCs required 188
is in position, resulting in a shortfall of 22 per cent. The State is making a consistent effort to
narrow down the gap in the required number of health facilities in the rural areas and thus
improve the availability by adding new PHCs and CHCs every year. This calls for huge
investments under this sector.
4.6.1.3 Drinking Water
Safe drinking water and its regular supply is a big challenge in the State due to its geo-climatic
position. The proportion of households having access to safe drinking water is around 78%.
However, there is wide variation within districts. Only 30% of rural habitations have partial
access to drinking water.
In order to improve availability of drinking water in rural areas, the National Drinking Water
Programme initiated a new project supported by the World Bank styled as “Rural Water
Supply and Sanitation Project- Low Income States” with total cost of ₹6000 crore. The project
aims to provide safe 24 x 7 piped drinking water supply in four low income States- Jharkhand,
Assam, Bihar and UP that have lowest piped drinking water supply and sanitation facilities.
More than 98% of the rural habitations now have access to drinking water in the State. The
coverage of habitation through rural pipe-water supply has also increased from 12.9% in 2017-
18 to 14.46% in 2018-19.
NABARD has sanctioned financial assistance of ₹373.27 crores to the Government of
Jharkhand in 2018 under its Rural Infrastructure Development Fund (RIDF) for the
construction of 12 Rural Piped Drinking Water Supply Projects across 09 districts of the State.
The major items of capital investment include the construction of intake wells, pumping
machinery/electrical works, raw water pipe lines, water treatment plant, clear water pipe lines,
grounded and/or elevated service reservoir, distribution network, etc.
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4.6.1.4 Sanitation
As per census 2011, 22% of households of the State had latrine facility within premises against
all-India position of 46.9%. However, poor quality hampered usage. Several sanitation
programmes implemented earlier has had limited success. The campaign of “Swachh Bharat”
launched by the Government of India is aimed to accomplish various goals and fulfil the vision
and mission of “Clean India”. The progress in sanitation has witnessed a spurt in the State
since launching of SBM on 02 October 2014 and 4 lakh sanitary toilets have been constructed
against a target of 20 lakh.
Jharkhand is the first in the ranking of the States of “Swachh Sarvekshan- 2018” for the efforts
undertaken by it in Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. The rural areas of Jharkhand are now 100% ODF
and the 11 major cities are also ODF cities, certified from the Quality Council of India (QCI).
In the financial year 2014-15, the number of households having toilet facilities was around 68
thousand only which has now increased to more than 33 lakh. Jharkhand has accomplished
the task of the construction of 213378 individual toilets and 7325 community and public
toilets. 41 cities are now ODF and 892 wards are covered by 100% door- to- door waste
collection. More than 39 hundred MT of compost is also produced from the waste. As per the
Swachha Bharat Mission (Gramin) approx. 73.31% of Rural India’s households have toilets
(IHHL), while the figure is 64.26% for rural Jharkhand.
4.6.1.5 Projection of credit potential
The credit potential for the sector is projected at ₹213.82 crore for the year 2020-21. The
district wise details of projections are given in Annexure -I.
4.6.1.7 Suggested Action points
• Banks to encourage financing health care, educational, technical, vocational, housing

with amenities in rural areas. They may also finance construction material industries,
sanitary-ware enterprises.
• Skill upgradation in construction, health care, plumbing may be encouraged.
• Decentralized delivery mechanism may be strengthened. Capacity building of the
Village Water and Sanitation Committees may be given more attention.
• CSR activities may be converged.
• Convergence under MNERGA and other schemes like NRLM may be ensured.
4.6.1.6 Renewable Energy
One of India’s major advantage is that its vast renewable energy (RE) potential is largely
untapped. Recent estimates show that India’s solar potential is greater than 750 GW and its
announced wind potential is 302 GW (actual could be higher than 1000 GW). India Energy
Security Scenarios 2047 show a possibility of achieving a high of 410 GW of wind and 479
GW of solar PV by 2047. The potential of biomass and small hydro is also significant. Thus,
renewable energy has the potential to anchor the development of India’s energy sector.
From a pure macro-economic perspective, reaching 175 GW RE by 2022 could dramatically
reduce the coal import bill in 2022. Then there are environmental benefits (less pollution),
social benefits (local employment opportunities) and investment inflows, which may need to
be monetized for comprehensive assessment of accrued benefits.
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The following source wise targets are to be achieved by 2022:

• Solar (Utility -scale, distributed, off-grid/mini grid -100 GW)
• Wind (Utility -scale -60GW)
• Small Hydro (5 GW)
• Bioenergy (10 GW)
a. Energy Sector issues in Jharkhand
The per capita power consumption in the State is 552 units per annum, which is very low in
comparison to national average of 720 units. Power consumption by high tension (HT)
consumers is about 46.65% of the total consumption, whereas agriculture consumption is
about 1.50%. Although power demand of the State is low, still it faces power deficit situation.
The demand supply gap has been widening every year. The current deficit of power is to the
extent of 200-400 MW. Clearly the State is struggling to meet the electricity demand.
The major cause of power deficit in the State is transmission and distribution (T&D) losses.
The national level T&D losses range between 22-27% during 2007-2012 whereas for the same
period Jharkhand’s T&D losses ranged between 41.99-30.89%. The State is investing in
reducing the T&D losses. To achieve the national average per capita consumption, the State
would require over 2400 MW of new capacity with an investment requirement of over ₹12000
crores. To match supply and demand, the State has planned many initiatives to increase the
energy generation and to reduce the Transmission and Distribution losses.
b. Renewable energy in Jharkhand
The major sources of renewable energy in Jharkhand are solar, biomass, wind power and small
hydro. Significant progress is made in power generation from renewable energy sources
because of efforts put by Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Government of India
(MNRE) and Jharkhand Renewable Energy Development Agency Ltd (JREDA). Jharkhand
has an installed capacity of about 17 MW of Solar power, about 1.2 MW of biomass power and
it has been proposed to install nearly 300 MW of solar energy in the State in the next two
years. The State has high solar insolation around 300 days of clear sun and offers good sites
having potential of more than 4.5 to 5.5 kWh/m2/day, which the State intends to harness to
support the energy requirements of the State. Due to the decline in the upfront capital cost,
the cost of generation of solar power generation plant has become competitive with many
conventional power generation technologies.
The total installed capacity of solar and wind energy in the State of Jharkhand is 29.72 MW
out of the total installed capacity of 1764.46 MW. At present total installed renewable energy
is 1.58% of total installed energy capacity of State. The topography and climatic conditions of
the state offers enormous potential for harnessing the biomass and solar energy. The vast river
stretches also offers huge potential for small hydro plants. To increase hydro power
generation, 68 potential sites have already been identified in the State. Private entities, Non-
Governmental Organizations and local bodies shall be encouraged to tap energy from
mini/micro hydro projects wherever feasible. Energy Department has also initiated work on
promoting energy efficiency in the State. Sectoral demand side management initiatives are
under way as also initiatives in industrial clusters to promote energy efficiency. Opportunities
are being explored for realising the potential of Coal Bed Methane (CBM). CBM can be used
in new thermal power plants on count of lower capital investment and higher operational
efficiency. It can also be used as a fuel for co-generation power plants to bring in higher
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efficiency. On the basis of predicted per day recovery from the identified CBM blocks in
Jharkhand, 800MW of power generation is possible.
c. Objectives of Jharkhand State Solar Power Policy 2015

• To encourage participation of Private Sector to set up Solar Power based projects in
the State & increase solar power generation to 2650 MW by the year 2020 in a phased
manner.
• To build a favorable atmosphere for setting up Solar Power projects.
• Ensure energy security of the State by stable and non-polluting means.
• To promote local manufacturing facilities which will generate employment in the State.
d. Work Plan of Programmes of JREDA (Source: JREDA website)
National Biogas Programme:
Under National Biogas Programme, installation of a total of 764 cum capacity biogas plants of
(plant size 2-6 cum) are to be carried out both at domestic and institution level which will
cover the tribal beneficiaries as well as general beneficiaries.
Solar Photovoltaic Programme:
Under Solar Photovoltaic Programme, distribution of Solar Lantern, Solar Home Lighting
System & Solar Street Lighting System at a subsidized rate is proposed for lighting and
installation & commissioning of Solar Submersible Pumps is proposed for irrigation &
drinking water purpose to people of the State. Priority will be given to the Villagers/Farmers.
Solar Hot Water System:
By using solar hot water system, water can be heated from 60-80o degree centigrade, which
are useful for domestic uses, hospitals, hostels, schools, etc. The approx. installation cost of a
Flat Plate Collector type solar hot water system of 100 litres capacity is ₹18000/-. A subsidy
(State share) of ₹ 100/- per litres for FPC type solar hot water system is given by the State and
the balance cost is to be borne by the beneficiary. The total cost of the system can be recovered
in three years through savings from electricity charges.
Grid Connected Rooftop Plants for Govt. Buildings, Individual Residence etc.:
MNRE is promoting the Grid Connected Rooftop Plants under JNNSM. A new programme on
“Grid Connected Rooftop and Small Solar Power Plants” was launched in June, 2014. The
individual project from 1 kWp to 500 kWp capacity is considered under this programme. Also,
under IPDS, provision for installing solar panels on Govt. buildings has been made. There is a
large potential available for generating solar power using unutilized space on rooftops and
wastelands around buildings. Small quantities of power generated by each Govt. building can
be used to partly fulfil the requirement of the building and surplus, if any, can be fed into the
grid.
Distribution of LED Based Solar Study Lamp for School Students:
The energy requirement of people living in Jharkhand is mostly catered by conventional
power. The electrical load demand is growing every day and there is always deficit of power
especially during the peak hour demand. The frequency of the peak hour demand generally
matches with the study hour of the Students.
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Installation of Off-Grid Solar Power Plants in Government/Individual

Beneficiaries in the State:
Under this programme, supply & installation of Off-Grid Solar Power Plants of different
capacities in Government/Institutions beneficiaries across the State of Jharkhand is yet to be
proposed by JREDA.
Establishment of Megawatt Solar Parks:
The State shall identify & promote development of solar park on non-productive Government
land or any other land falling within the area of solar park. While formulating the framework
for the development of Solar Park, the Nodal Agency shall undertake public consultation and
accordingly specify provisions. The Electricity Regulatory Commission shall develop suitable
framework to ensure successful development of Solar Parks in the State. The State
Government, under this Policy, will help facilitate in building up the necessary infrastructure
like power evacuation, water requirements and internal road etc. Solar Park will consist of
various Zone viz. Solar Power Projects, Manufacturing Zones, R&D and training
centres. The State will extend all facilities and fiscal incentives provided by central Govt. /
National Solar Mission to the Manufacturers and Power Project Developers in Solar Park.
Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), Government of India has fixed the target for
development of 20000 MW through Solar Power by the end of 2022, for this 500 MW or above
solar parks is to be proposed to be established in the State. The State would be required to
prepare DPR, Infra and evacuation facility, land etc. for setting up of MW Solar Parks.
Hydel Project:
A total of 68 potential sites have been identified for development of small hydroelectric
projects in the State through PPP Mode. Detailed Project Report (DPR) for 09 sites are ready
for development and feasibility study & survey for the remaining sites are to be done in phased
manner.
e. Bank Intervention for Promoting Renewable Energy
Reserve Bank of India has revised the priority sector guidelines for the Banks and included
‘Renewable Energy’ as an eligible item for finance. As per RBI guidelines, Banks can extend
loans up to a limit of ₹15 crore to borrowers for purposes like solar based power generators,
biomass based power generators, wind mills, micro-hydel plants and for non-conventional
energy based public utilities viz. street lighting systems, and remote village electrification are
eligible to be classified under priority sector loans under ‘Renewable Energy’. For individual
households, the loan limit is ₹10 lakh per borrower.
f. Projection of credit potential
The credit potential for the sector is projected at ₹90.64 crore for the year 2020-21. The district
wise details of projections are given in Annexure -I.
g. Suggested Action points
• Off-grid has made progress but in the absence of scalable business model and non-
availability of institutional finance have stalled the pace of progress.
• There is a need for relaxing the cap on total and site-based project capacity and
providing a generation-based incentive similar to that provided for grid-connected
systems. This would make the off-grid solar projects bankable.
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• Rural micro-grids can provide power to telecom sector which uses diesel for back-up
power. The off-grid and even grid-connected solar power projects have a long time for
financial closure. There is need for designing the institutional structures for ownership
and operation of decentralised off-grid solar power systems involving local panchayats
and local communities for improved payment collection and maintenance.
• Politics of Collective Action on Solar Energy, Trade Associations, Industrial lobbies,
civil society movement is required to spread renewable energy options.
• The RPO coupled with price, financing and the accelerated depreciation schemes serve
as positive incentives for the entrepreneurs. The upcoming REC scheme will enable the
entrepreneurs to trade on the carbon credits earned through CDM.
4.7 Informal Credit Delivery

System: The informal credit
delivery system comprises of Box. 4.7: Joint Liability Groups
providing banking and other
Joint Liability groups comprise 4 to 10 members, who
financial facilities including carry similar economic activities and provide mutual
social security schemes to the loan guarantee for availing credit from banks. The need
informal groups, like SHGs and for JLG promotion has been felt as 70% of households in
JLGs, who have proved their India are in rural areas and nearly 87% of lands are
capability to be a bankable owned by small and marginal farmers. These farmers
group. NABARD in the year are crippled with following issues: -
1992 launched a pilot program, • Fragmented landholdings
to facilitate the poorest of the • No clear title of land
poor to access the formal • Non availability of required credit for
banking system and has now agricultural operations
emerged as the largest micro • Inadequate security to be offered to banks
finance outreach program in • Lack of access to technology/HYV/ agricultural
the world. As per the status of inputs
Micro Finance in India, SHG- • Low yield/productivity
BLP programme has crossed The major aim of promotion of JLG is to augment
the milestone of 1 crore SHGs credit flow to Share Croppers, Small and Marginal
covering more than 12 crore Farmers, Oral Lessee and Tenant Farmers.
families with savings deposit of JLG can be promoted by Banks, NGOs, Farmers Clubs,
₹23324.00 crore and loan Farmers Associations, PRIs, KVKs, SAUs, ATMA,
outstanding of over ₹87098.00 Banks, PACS, Govt. Departments, Individuals, Input
crore. Besides, Govt is also dealers, MFIs/MFOs, etc. NABARD provides grant
promoting livelihood activities assistance of ₹2000/- to promoting institutions for
for self-employment through promotion, nurturing and financing of JLGs.
schemes like NRLM, NULM,
WSHG Schemes, JLG etc. for women, rural and urban poor.
In the State, 18 districts are being covered under WSHG Scheme under which 38000 SHGs
have been SB linked and 16000 SHGs have been Credit linked as on 31 March 2019. The
promotion and Credit linkage of SHGs are also being done in the State by JSLPS (Jharkhand
State Livelihood Promotion Society) and as on 31 March 2019 the credit linkage of 1,00,929
SHGs have been done.
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The credit potential for the sector is projected at ₹770.70 crore for the year 2020-21. The
district wise details of projections are given in Annexure -I.
b. Suggested Action points
Priority may be accorded by banking sector towards enhancement of credit to informal groups
i.e. SHGs and JLGs. Subsequent doses (2nd and 3rd) of credit to SHGs are very less in
comparison to the 1st credit dosage even though the recovery of loan in SHG is more than 90%.
• Awareness creation about SHGs, JLGs, PMJDY & Social Security Schemes among rural
masses.
• Skill development of SHGs under farm sector and non-farm sector may also be taken
up for increasing the credit absorption capacity of SHGs.
*****
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Chapter 5
Infrastructure Support
5.1 Introduction
Infrastructure is quintessential for economic growth. The development of rural Infrastructure
and poverty alleviation has an inverse correlation. Physical infrastructure covering
transportation, power and communication through its backward and forward linkages
facilitates growth, whereas, social infrastructure e.g. drinking water supply, sanitation,
sewerage disposal, education, health, etc. has a direct impact on the quality of life.
The infrastructure index of the State is quite low; a comparison of infrastructural facilities/
components in Jharkhand vis-a-vis national average is given as below:
Table 5.1: Infrastructure Index of Jharkhand
Sl.
Infrastructure Component State All-India
No.
1 Rural Electrification
a Villages electrification 32393 581548
b % of Irrigation Pumps electrified 16 89
c Per capita consumption of electricity 552 kWh 1010 kWh
2 Irrigation
Irrigated potential created to net cropped area
a 41.82% 70 %
(2015-16)
b Irrigated area to net cropped area (2015-16) 19.87% 46%
3 Communication
a No. of telephone per hundred population 9 48
b Population served per post office 10652 7753
c Average area served per post office (sq. km) 25.7 21.23
d Total number of rural post offices 2846 139067
4 Education
No. of schools (elementary education-up to 8th Std.)
a 159 38.24
per lakh population
b No. of High schools per lakh population 13.24 10.25
No. of Degree and professional colleges per lakh
c 0.48 2.09
population
5 Health
Sub centres/primary health centres/community
a 13.6 16.71
health centres per 1 lakh population
No. of Dispensaries and Hospitals per 1 lakh
b 0.25 17
population
6 Water Supply and Sanitation
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a % of habitations having drinking water supply 77.8 97.92

% of households with Individual Household Latrine
b (IHHL) as per BSL survey of GoI, 2012 as reported in 100 100
2019-20 and Jharkhand Economic Survey
Coverage status of rural sanitation (as on December
c 94 92
2018)
7 Agriculture Marketing
a No. of regulated markets per 100 sq. km. 0.27 0.18
8 Road Transportation
a Total length of Roads (in km) 12200 1268287
b Road Density in terms of Area (Road km/100 sq. km) 153.05 385.78
Road Density in terms of Population (Road km/1 lakh
c 72.51 313.2
population)
9 Roads
a Villages having access to all weather roads (%) 70.93 73.58
Source: GoJ XII FYP, JSAMB, Dept of AH, GoJ, Statistics of School Education 2011-12;
Basic Road Statistics of India 2015; JSEB, GoJ; SRS 2011., Indiabudget.nic.in, Annual
Report Department of Posts
5.2 Different sectors under various Infrastructure projects in Jharkhand

5.2.1 Irrigation sector
(i) Status
Jharkhand is predominantly a mono-cropped State, which could be attributed to the

dearth of irrigation facilities. The importance of irrigation can be ascertained from the
fact that a meagre 15-18% of the land falls under natural irrigation belt. The State has
so far created irrigation potential of 38.00 lakh hectares, however, the net irrigated
area in the State forms 20% of net sown area.
(ii) Major achievements of State Govt. during 2018-19
• The State has planned to increase the irrigation potential utilized by 59% by 2020-21.
This will be achieved through the effective implementation of Pradhan Mantri Krishi
Sinchai Yojana (PMKSY), in restoring and renovating the existing water reservoirs,
distribution systems and water management measures which focus on increasing the
areas under micro-irrigation to enhance the efficiency of the usage of water.
• Sone Pipeline Scheme is being implemented in drought prone areas like Garhwa and
Palamu districts. An estimated requirement of 5.57 MCM for drinking water and 64.44
MCM for irrigation purpose can be supplemented through the pipeline. The work of
30 irrigation schemes has been completed for restoration out of 102 irrigation
schemes. Also 48 new schemes have been sanctioned. All these irrigation projects will
restore 73,250 hectares lost irrigation potential.
• Under the Subarnarekha Multipurpose Project, the State Government has created
irrigation potential of 107326 ha (i.e. out of the target of 236850 ha) and 162 villages
& approx. 48.60 lakh people are benefitted from the project.
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• The two programs viz. (i) PMKSY and (ii) Niranchal Watershed Yojana are being
successfully implemented by Govt. of Jharkhand. Under PMKSY, 144 watersheds have
been sanctioned. Through the programme, around 12072 ha irrigation potential has
been created.
• Under Niranchal National Watershed Yojana, successful technical support to ongoing
works under PMKSY is being provided.
• Construction of Rain water harvesting structures “Dobhas” across the State has been
made.
(iii) Critical infrastructure gaps
The State government may accord priority to few projects as under:

• The Head works, Canal works, Distribution system and CAD works under the
Subarnarekha Multipurpose Project need to be expedited on a mission mode.
• District wise details of infrastructural gaps are indicated in Annexure - III.
(iv) Suggested Action Points for State Govt.
• The gap between irrigation potential created and utilized needs to be bridged e.g. with
funding support from NABARD under Rural Infrastructure Development Fund
(RIDF), Long Term Irrigation Fund (LTIF) and NABARD Infrastructure Development
Assistance (NIDA).
• The Command Area Development and Water Management (CADWM) activities e.g.
construction of field channels, field drains, etc. and scientific water management
practices need to be prioritised and fast-tracked on a mission mode.
• Emphasis for restoration, extension, re-strengthening and modernization of the
completed irrigation projects, so that lost irrigation potential can be revived.
• Emphasis on Micro Irrigation projects considering the cost effectiveness and on-farm
nature.
• Establishment of separate feeder lines exclusively for agriculture would also result in
larger coverage.
• Introducing new institutional arrangements in the form of State-level apex body like
the State Water Resources Management Agency.
• Gradual shift from large-scale, centralized, river-flow based water management to
decentralized, small-scale local and rainwater based watershed approach for water
and soil management.
• Annuity based PPP model for new projects to mitigate the shortfall so that funding
could not be a problem in completion of these infrastructure projects.
5.2.2 Rural Connectivity sector
An efficient road network system is a pre-requisite for sustained economic development

and also road networks are a necessary compliment to railways. Increasingly roads are
not looked at in isolation, but as part of an integrated multi-modal system of transport.
Roads establish ease contact between farms, fields, factories and markets and facilitate
door to door service, thus most economic activities are possible only if road connectivity
is available for their facilitation. Road infrastructure can be divided into three broad
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categories; namely National Highways, State Highways and major District Roads, Rural
Roads and Minor District Roads.
(i) Status
The State Govt. plans to develop NH and VRs through National Level Highway
Development Programme and PMGSY. The secondary network such as SH/MDR/
ODR/VRs not under PMGSY core network are primarily developed through funding
form State budget and support from Central Road Fund/RIDF. Presently, the road
density in Jharkhand (i.e. 153 km per 100 square km) is 38% of the national average. In
order to catch up with national average, 19050 km road have to be upgraded to SH/
MDR requiring fund support of ₹76200 crores. The State targets to increase the road
density to 250 km by building/upgrading road infrastructure of about 1644 km per year
for the next five years. Only around 76 percent of the roads have been surfaced, around
29.07% of the villages in the State lack connectivity in the form of all-weather-roads. To
provide comfortable, economical, safe and fast movement of passengers, transport of
goods, agri produces and match the demand of growing economy & urbanisation, the
State has placed development of connectivity sector among one of the top most
priorities.
• Under the Road Construction Department, GoJ, the total length of Roads (including
State Highways, MDR and other RCD roads) has increased from 11533 km in the year
2017 to 12200 km in the year 2018.
• 40000 km of all-weather rural roads have been constructed through PMGSY and State
sponsored schemes and till 2017-18 out of 36827 villages, 26122 villages had been
connected by all-weather roads.
The State Government may accord priority to few projects, the district wise details of critical
infrastructure to be provided are indicated in the Annexure III.
(iv) Suggested Action Points for State Govt.
• Significant investment for development of - (i) State Highways as these connect the
districts of Jharkhand with one another, thereby generating more mobility among
people within the State and, (ii) Rural roads (RR) as facilitating connectivity with the
remote villages and the rural areas provide the people with easy access to livelihood.
• Encouraging capital investment and private sector participation in Jharkhand
through PPP projects e.g. the Build Operate Transfer (ВОТ) model. NABARD has a
product (NIDA), which provides flexible interest rates for PPP and non-PPP projects
and the repayment period may extended to 15 years.
• Effort to construct as many surfaced roads as is practically possible in unconnected
habitations.
• In light of the ever growing traffic of people and material, regular review must be
undertaken to identify such roads/sections with insufficient road pavement thickness.
85
• Identify and address deficiencies e.g. weak and distressed bridges/culverts, congested
sections, lack of wayside amenities, weak road safety measures etc.
5.2.3 Agriculture (incl. Agri. Marketing & Storage Infrastructure), Animal

Husbandry and related sector
(i) Status
The State has 603 rural markets in addition to 28 APMC markets and 192 secondary APMCs.
The agri. storage & marketing facilities in the State is not adequate. There are only 255 fully
functional depots with total capacity of 2,18,523 MT for storage out of which approximately
more than 83% is occupied by the stocks of rice, wheat, salt and sugar.
• Growth in production of select food grains, Horticulture, Fisheries, Livestock & Forestry
• Setting up of Single Window Centre to provide facilities e.g. soil health, processing KCC,
crop insurance, guidance on seed/ fertilizer/ pesticide use, provision of agri implements
weather forecasting, etc.
• Food grains were distributed to 9.09 lakh families under the Antodaya Anna Yojana (AAY)
and to 47.89 lakh families under Priority Households (PHH) scheme.
• Under the active intervention of Govt. of Jharkhand, the fish seed production has
increased from 108 crore in 2014 to 1036 crore in 2018.
• Agriculture Seed farms - There is need to expedite seed production and processing
facilities through FPOs mode with focus on pulses and oilseeds. Seed Processing Units
may be set up in Chatra, Deoghar, Garhwa, Lohardaga and Hazaribagh districts.
• Krishi Clinics – Promotion of Krishi Clinics all over the State to provide expert advice and
services to farmers on various technologies, market support, clinical services for animals
and feed & fodder management to be run by aspiring agriculture science graduate from
recognised university.
• Infrastructure for Development of Animal Husbandry - Establishment of Dairy Plants,
Cattle Feed, other Feed Supplement Plants, accelerated feed and fodder production
centres with application of intensive use of technology, to facilitate sale of agri-inputs, etc.
in the State through PPP/Joint venture mode.
• Pisciculture - Net making units, seed production units, transportation and marketing of
fish.
• Cold chain infrastructure - Setting up of cold chain infrastructure across the State for
horticulture/meat/fish.
(v) Suggested Action Points for State Govt.
• Establishment of agri-implements manufacturing units.

• Facilitating trading of agri. commodities on the pan-India electronic trading portal.
• Establishment of Agriculture and Veterinary Colleges at various zones to expand the
network of support services to agriculture.
86
• Strengthening and development of Dairy Technology College, Hansdiha, Dumka.

• Strengthening the Institutes of Animal Health & Production to provide total health
coverage, which includes vaccine production and animal population immunity, disease
identification & control of various pathogenic & contagious diseases.
• Construction/operationalization of various soil testing laboratories with skilled man
power, establishment of fertilizer testing laboratories, Bio-fertilizer testing laboratories,
insecticide testing laboratory and Mobile laboratory for each Commissionary to augment
the existing network.
• Upgradation/modernization of veterinary hospital of all districts with modern facility to
provide better treatment, pathological test, AI and other animal husbandry services for
small and large animals.
• Development of storage and marketing infrastructure in various APMC and Rural Haat.
5.2.4 Rural Health, Drinking water & Sanitation sector
Drinking water supply, public health Centres and Toilets are some of the basic rural
infrastructure which ensure not only health but also quality of human capital creation.
(i) Status
• Health Sector: According to the Rural Health Statistics (RHS) as on March 2018,
Jharkhand had 3848 active Sub-Centers (SCs), 298 Primary Health Centers (PHCs), and
171 Community Health Centre’s (CHCs).
• State Govt. aims to achieve provision of safe drinking water under Sustainable Goal of Har
Ghar Jal by 2030 through public investment. Besides rural households, the piped water
will also be supplied to schools, hospitals, aganwadi centres, village haats, Govt. offices
and other public institutions. As per the Dept. of Drinking Water and Sanitation, GoJ only
about 30% of rural habitations have partial access to safe drinking water. As per GoI
Economic Survey 2018-19, 85.50% of India’s habitations have access to safe drinking
water while the figure is 77.80% for Jharkhand. Average expenditure of the State for the
last three years is about ₹300 crore for Drinking Water and Sanitation.
(ii) Critical infrastructure gaps
• There is a shortfall of 35 percent in Sub- Centers, 66 percent in PHCs, and 22 percent in

CHCs, most importantly many of these rural health centers lack essential amenities e.g.
regular water supply, all-weather approachable road, electricity supply and tele-
connectivity. This calls for huge investments under this sector.
• Increase the density of Maternity and Child Welfare Centres (MCWs).
• Access to potable water in Arsenic, flouride prone regions, proper sanitation facilities and
solid waste management.
• Setting up water testing laboratories for potable water.
(iii) Suggested Action Points for State Govt.

• The State needs to continue improving on certain index parameters, viz, IMR & MMR,
etc., as well as enhancement of Rural Health infrastructure viz. CHC, PHC, HSC. For
creating such infrastructure, RIDF could be availed.
87
• There is need to augment the number of doctors, technicians and health workers (incl.
Auxiliary Nurse Midwife) operating in the Rural areas.
• Initiate measures for developing a robust real-time monitoring system viz. maintenance
of already installed system in rural areas and checking the quality of water supplied.
5.3 Rural Infrastructure in the State Under RIDF
The Rural Infrastructure Development Fund (RIDF) was set up by the GoI in 1995-96 for
financing ongoing rural infrastructure projects. The Fund is maintained by NABARD. In
Jharkhand the State government has been provided financial assistance under RIDF for
various rural Infrastructure projects e.g. major/medium/minor irrigation, rural roads &
bridges, forestry development, animal husbandry, rural drinking water supply and upgrading
primary/middle schools, etc.
Under RIDF tranche III to XXIV, 4867 projects involving RIDF loan of ₹12673.51 crore were
sanctioned in Jharkhand state. Out of the amount sanctioned, 10557.08 Crore has been
disbursed to GoJ as on 31st March 2019. As against 4867 projects sanctioned, 4252 projects
have been completed and remaining 615 projects are under various stages of implementation.
The activity-wise number of projects and amount of loan sanctioned, including amount
released are indicated in table below:
Table 5.2: Cumulative Financial Assistance under RIDF Tranche III-XXIV (as on
31 December 2019)
RIDF loan (₹ crore)

No. of
Sector Activity Amt. Amt.
Projects
sanctioned disbursed
Agri. Related Animal husbandry 21 55.49 0.00
related
Watershed 29 330.00 119.38
Forest Projects 464 408.53 308.05
Irrigation 1087 1707.24 1491.13
Rural Road 2017 6487.08 5619.57

Connectivity Bridge 1114 2426.95 2073.14
Social Drinking Water 113 1161.61 880.28
Schools 22 96.61 65.53
Total 4867 12673.51 10557.08
5.3.2 Impact of RIDF
• Out of the 4867 projects sanctioned so far, 4252 projects have been completed as on date.
These completed projects have unlocked sunken investments already made by the State
Government in various incomplete projects as well as new assets in irrigation and other
rural infrastructure which have significantly contributed to the development of the State.
88
• Creation of irrigation potential and rural connectivity has indirectly contributed to

improvement in quality of life by way of increased access to facilities like education, health,
marketing centers, etc., besides increasing agriculture production and productivity.
• Construction of rural roads/connectivity has led to increase agriculture productivity by
intensifying existing land-use to take advantage of expanded market opportunities, higher
demand of agri inputs and higher crop yield, easy transportation of perishable and
marketable surplus of agricultural produce.
5.4 NABARD assistance under Long Term Irrigation Fund (LTIF) in Jharkhand
The GoI has set-up the Long Term Irrigation Fund (LTIF) in 2016-17 to addresses the issue of
irrigation water crisis that afflicting Indian agriculture and ensuring time bound
implementation of identified irrigation projects, so as to bridge the irrigation gap. NABARD
looks after the fund mobilisation and financing arrangements therein.
In Jharkhand, NABARD has sanctioned ₹518.10 crore towards State share under the
Subarnarekha Multipurpose project (AIBP component). NABARD has released an amount of
₹204.33 crore in FY 2016-17 and the balance ₹313.77 crore during the FY 2017-18.
Upon completion, the project envisages creation of additional irrigation potential (236850 ha)
flood control, municipal and industrial water supply (740 MCM) and hydropower generation
benefitting the three co-basin States viz. Jharkhand, Odisha and West Bengal
5.5 Other major infrastructure funds available with NABARD
5.5.1 Warehouse Infrastructure Fund (WIF):
Warehouse Infrastructure Fund (WIF) was established in NABARD. With a corpus of ₹5000
crore to provide financial support to Public and Private sector towards creation of Storage
infrastructure, with a minimum aggregate capacity of 5000 metric tons (MT), for agricultural
and allied produce. The assistance is in the form of Term Loan and the loan repayment period
is 7 years including 2 years’ moratorium period.
5.5.2 NABARD Infrastructure Development Fund (NIDA)
RIDF is Government driven wherein limited resources are provided at concessional rate of
interest with shorter repayment period to State Governments. The limited flexibility of terms
and conditions and limited borrowing power of State Governments warranted opening of
additional opportunity to State Governments including the well managed State Government
entities to access the financial resources. A new window of support -NABARD Infrastructure
Development Assistance (NIDA) was opened to fund directly State Governments /State owned
institutions/ corporations on both on-budget as well as off-budget for creation of rural
infrastructure outside the ambit of RIDF borrowing. Further, funding under NIDA has been
broadened by covering PPP and non-PPP projects by registered entities like companies, co-
operatives etc. and funding for NBFC- Infrastructure Finance Companies (IFCs) and Public
Financial Institutions approved by the RBI. It is a term loan assistance with a maximum
repayment period of 25 years.
89
5.5.3 Dairy Processing Infrastructure Development Fund (DIDF)
A dedicated Dairy Processing and Infrastructure Development Fund (DIDF) is being

operational in NABARD to modernize the milk processing plants and machinery and to create
additional infrastructure for processing more milk and increased value addition especially in
Co-operative societies. The nature of assistance is Term Loan and repayment period is 10 years
including 2 yrs. of moratorium period.
******
90
Chapter 6
High Tech Agricultural Practices
Agriculture needs technology infusion to accelerate the production so that food is accessible
to common man. According to the estimates of Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO),
agricultural production would need to grow globally by 70% by 2050 and more specifically by
almost 100% in developing countries to feed the growing population. Though the agricultural
production has increased, the productivity of major agricultural crops in the country is far less
than the global average.
The Govt. of India has set the target of doubling farmers income by 2022. The committee
formed for increasing farmers income has identified seven sources of income growth i.e.
improvement in crop and livestock production, increase in cropping intensity, diversification
towards high value crops, improvement in real prices received by farmers and shift from farm
to non-farm occupation. In this context, hi-tech agriculture contributes directly to the first five
identified sources of income. The hi-tech agriculture is characterised by attributes like
innovative, mechanised, minimum labour involvement, high efficiency, imported technology,
export potential, etc.
High-tech farming means agricultural operations involving the latest technologies. It is capital
intensive agriculture since large capital outlay is required towards purchase of specialized
equipment, maintenance of assets, training of labour, etc. Hi-tech agriculture mainly relates
to commercial farming system aimed at catering to the needs of both, domestic as well as
export markets. It uses farming technology to increase yields, ensures high quality (usually
pesticide-free) and realizes increased market value. Growing temperate vegetables in a
tropical climate and developing disease-resistant plants through genetic engineering are
common examples of hi-tech agriculture. The advantages of hi-tech farming are high
productivity per unit area, savings in key inputs (water, fertilisers and pesticides), quality of
output, etc.
Some of the hi-tech agriculture activities having potential for productivity enhancement and
investment is given below.
6.1 Protected cultivation under green house

In a greenhouse together with solar and photovoltaic systems. pumps, UV filters and lighting
can be sustainable and environment friendly through the use of modern solar technology and
can be supported and operated independently. The aquaponic solar greenhouse allows the
simultaneous production of vegetables, fish and solar power. This leads to a very low or even
negative CO2 footprint (CO2 sink) for the food produced.
6.2 Hydroponics
The concept behind hydroponics is to eradicate imminent barriers that exist between the roots,
water, nutrients and oxygen for proper growth. It is a method of growing plants without soil
instead using mineral nutrient solutions in water solvent. The nutrients used in hydroponic
systems can come from an array of different sources, including (but not limited to) from fish
excrement, duck manure or purchased chemical fertilizers. Plants commonly grown
hydroponically include tomatoes, pepper, cucumber and lettuces.
91
6.3 Aeroponics
Aeroponics is the process of growing plants in an air or mist environment without the use of
soil or an aggregate medium. Unlike hydroponics, which uses a liquid nutrient solution as a
growing medium and essential mineral to sustain plant growth or aquaponics which uses
water and fish waste, aeroponics is conducted without a growing medium.
6.4 Vertical Farming

Vertical farming, with vegetables grown in temperature, moisture and nutrition-controlled
indoor environments can also guarantee improvements in yield while at the same time limiting
environmental externalities. Main characteristics of vertical farming is given below:
▪ It is one step higher than greenhouse technology and open field cultivation.
▪ It is being progressively practiced in mushrooms, poultry, hydroponic fodder,
strawberry, leafy-vegetables particularly lettuce, herbs, ornamental horticulture and
other crops production.
▪ It is considered potential to provide sustainability to farming, combat chronic climate
change and reduce major inputs to crop production like land, water, nutrients,
pesticides and others.
▪ It has the immense potential to attract the youth to farming by adding pride to the
profession, agriculture
6.5 Govt. Interventions for Hi-tech agriculture

The important promotional interventions of Government of India towards high value
agriculture sector include:
• Incentives/subsidy support for adopting high value agriculture production

technologies especially under National Horticulture Mission and other programmes of
National Horticulture Board.
• Export facilitation and promotional interventions of Agricultural & Processed Food
Products Export Development Authority (APEDA)/ Marine Products Export
Development Authority (MPEDA).
• Promotional interventions of Commodity Boards.
• Programmes like precision farming supported by the State Governments with focus on
high value crops.
• Focus on farm mechanisation through Sub Mission on Agricultural Mechanisation
(SMAM).
• E-NAM for marketing of agricultural produce.
• Digital technology use in agriculture like IoT, Kisan app, remote sensing, use of drones,
etc.
6.6 Initiatives of NABARD
• Guidance to banks in appraisal of hi-tech agricultural projects including investment

assessments, techno-financial appraisal, risk management and monitoring systems.
• Over 143 model bankable projects have been developed including important hi-tech
and high value agriculture sector activities and State/location specific model projects.
• Financial support being extended to the State Govt. for infrastructure development
(food parks) under RIDF.
92
• Providing consultancy services to prospective entrepreneurs.

• Support for Training cum Exposure visits of small/ marginal farmers and
entrepreneurs under Capacity Building Programme for Adoption of Technology.
6.7 Issues under Hi-tech Agriculture promotion

Some of the important issues in promotion of high-value crops are as under:
• Bringing more and more small holders under high value agriculture production
system.
• Transfer of technologies.
• Access to institutional credit.
• Institutional development for input support, extension, training and capacity building.
• Marketing linkages for ensuring remunerative price of produce on sustainable basis.
• Enabling policy interventions.
• High value crops like fruits and vegetables are perishable in nature and measures
towards diversification calls for simultaneously addressing critical infrastructure
needs like cold storages, quick transport facility, etc.
• Absence of specific risk mitigation measures to off-set high production and market
related risks.
6.8 Suggested policy framework
• Crop Diversification policy needs to ensure well balanced production of food crops (cereals
and pulses) to meet food security needs and high value crops to match demand projections.
The focus may be more on productivity enhancement interventions.
• Aggregation of input services and output handling especially suitable for small and
marginal farmers
• Enabling environment for improved post-harvest management with greater stake for
private investments,
• Intensive quality and trade literacy programmes for all stake holders.
• Ensure better share for producers in consumer price (presently only 30%) through
producer organisations, cooperatives, etc.
6.9 Status and Strategies for promotion of Hi-tech agriculture in Jharkhand
• Jharkhand has advantage of a large biodiversity of medicinal plants in its rich forest
resources. Biotechnology, agro and food processing based industries have been identified
as thrust areas under Jharkhand Industrial and Investment Promotion Policy 2016.
• Agriculture in the State is dominated by marginal farmers. About 50% of the farmers have
land holding of less than 0.4 ha. Jharkhand Horticulture Intensification by Micro Drip
Irrigation project funded by Japanese ODA loan is being implemented in the State. The
farmers are provided with micro drip irrigation system, poly nursery house and vermi
compost unit along with intensive training on horticulture and marketing. It is envisaged
that average yield of major horticultural crops and net annual average income per
household would double due to the interventions.
93
• JOHAR, World bank aided livelihood strengthening, advancement and enhancement

project being implemented in the State with the primary objective of doubling real income
of rural households. The project focuses on sectoral interventions such as high value
agriculture, irrigation, livelihood, Fisheries and NTFP.
• State Govt. had deputed 76 progressive farmers to Israel to learn high tech agriculture
practices.
• Greater participation of farmers particularly small and marginal farmers in hi-tech
agriculture may be encouraged keeping in view the opportunities for improving farm
income. The core strategy involves adopting a compact area and activity specific
development approach to enable input, technology and extension support, creation of
critical common infrastructure and aggregation of production for marketing and value
addition. Some of the suggested strategies include:
• Study of successful models for replication (i.e. Precision farming programme in Tamil
Nadu).
• Identifying activity/crop specific locations and potential mapping.
• Development with group approach such as Farmers' Societies, Producer Companies, JLGs
/SHGs, etc.
• Assessment of infrastructure needs including post-harvest handling and transport
logistics.
• Preparation of sector/activity specific credit linked Development Plans (Area
Development Plans / Banking Plans).
• Supporting infrastructure for post-harvest handling, warehousing, marketing, etc.
through PPP mode or private sector investments.
• ICT enabled services such as market information, technology inputs and credit access.
• User Industry tie-up for contract farming ensuring clean, equitable and farmer centric
agreements with well-defined clauses dealing with quality standard, withdrawal
conditions, credit linking with financing institutions, enabling provision for arbitration
mechanism, inclusion of appropriate risk mitigation measures, etc.
• Large scale promotion of new technology in animal husbandry and fisheries sector like sex
sorted semen for AI, RAS and bio-floc technology for increased fish production.
6.10 Role of NABARD in supporting Hi-tech Agriculture
• Framing of appropriate policies with special reference to credit availability.

• Resource mapping and infrastructure needs assessment.
• Credit facilitation through banks and other financial institutions including subsidiaries
of NABARD.
• Professional consultancy services through NABCONS for project development,
monitoring, etc.
• Monitoring and mid-term evaluation.
• Supporting critical infrastructure under RIDF and development of food parks.
*****
94
SFP 2020-21:Jharkhand
Annexure-I
District-wise, Sector-wise PLP projections for 2020-21
(₹ in lakh)
Sheep,
Forestry and Goat,
Water Farm Plantation Waste Land Piggery, Total Term Total Farm
Name of District Crop Loan Resources Mecha. and Horti. Dev. Dairy Poultry etc. Fisheries Others Loan Credit Storage Land Dev.
Bokaro 41614.73 730.63 946.25 1032.60 130.03 2835.60 2328.16 1166.56 1625.57 107.50 10902.90 52517.63 3034.15 173.48
Chatra 26431.88 1196.20 1237.34 1448.30 326.66 2239.25 593.20 1173.85 599.47 271.34 9085.61 35517.49 784.35 177.64
Deoghar 35933.21 1461.13 2893.76 1522.87 476.42 5911.04 1555.23 1364.79 470.25 79.45 15734.94 51668.15 2266.20 116.10
Jamtara 24106.06 676.86 1879.20 639.82 375.05 2394.60 786.18 1387.83 430.65 129.99 8700.18 32806.24 895.50 171.77
Ranchi 36055.50 14048.12 8874.61 4707.40 719.28 15918.43 4094.65 3720.78 3228.10 146.14 55457.51 91513.01 4294.41 1798.56
Dhanbad 22765.06 892.31 1409.09 324.15 154.96 2481.55 3656.17 519.68 408.26 26.08 9872.25 32637.31 344.25 373.16
Dumka 29703.13 190.11 992.50 724.14 268.65 906.22 510.24 583.44 92.22 0.00 4267.52 33970.65 1218.75 377.93
E. Singhbhum 39648.84 4051.53 5000.89 5285.60 729.30 4138.08 2116.25 1342.22 833.94 99.58 23597.39 63246.23 385.90 12.75
Seraikela 19492.53 900.44 2746.10 628.39 31.20 3039.18 358.47 1183.50 159.97 429.72 9476.97 28969.50 374.00 15.30
Garhwa 22062.44 1469.10 3229.38 712.36 378.79 2962.39 1311.92 891.81 1987.89 73.75 13017.39 35079.83 588.75 462.20
Giridih 88920.30 3083.58 5632.61 2303.94 1103.31 2765.69 2110.30 751.03 3462.39 398.47 21611.32 110531.62 532.50 1849.21
Godda 27713.98 1502.09 3283.89 1121.17 64.77 3514.32 1819.51 957.12 624.33 80.78 12967.98 40681.96 791.25 306.81
Gumla 31416.96 1757.43 2837.88 578.53 35.73 2474.84 439.55 1008.07 142.98 443.25 9718.26 41135.22 881.25 48.60
Khunti 18143.39 538.43 877.32 665.49 49.82 2346.45 443.16 387.76 67.78 14.09 5390.30 23533.69 416.25 50.14
Hazaribagh 45711.28 3413.50 5928.00 3109.40 518.40 6589.05 2840.80 1608.10 1749.56 409.99 26166.80 71878.08 2385.00 3122.91
Koderma 29770.40 3060.96 1754.91 318.96 245.01 2258.20 965.03 668.39 681.13 89.01 10041.60 39812.00 1395.00 156.23
Palamau 23963.74 5757.73 5175.14 1021.46 667.68 7717.44 794.85 1063.49 545.93 879.23 23622.95 47586.69 257.63 1907.17
Latehar 12162.30 1708.33 605.30 412.95 215.47 748.54 363.89 613.46 198.66 237.49 5104.09 17266.39 196.35 1192.88
Ramgarh 17757.29 1750.19 2072.58 1582.34 172.26 2600.69 981.66 510.98 820.77 0.00 10491.47 28248.76 816.38 207.63
Sahibganj 29265.99 923.64 1273.65 883.69 262.52 2178.35 303.31 502.94 243.46 67.73 6639.29 35905.28 716.22 144.59
Pakur 24707.37 626.53 930.96 583.57 141.83 1323.05 460.35 872.50 161.63 84.41 5184.83 29892.20 3095.25 154.80
Simdega 12745.29 283.59 853.63 105.07 50.53 142.14 272.49 449.86 228.03 0.00 2385.34 15130.63 191.25 262.80
Lohardaga 14844.12 376.11 1373.80 629.05 13.07 1424.70 837.91 431.95 1744.76 110.38 6941.73 21785.85 548.25 130.16
W. Singhbhum 29520.98 4264.72 6163.91 1198.32 110.42 804.76 914.45 2552.61 293.51 74.16 16376.86 45897.84 3672.00 302.63
Total 704456.77 54663.26 67972.70 31539.57 7241.16 79714.56 30857.73 25712.72 20801.24 4252.54 322755.48 1027212.25 30080.84 13515.45
95
Annexure I
District-wise, Sector-wise PLP projections for 2020-21
(₹ in lakh)
Others
Food & (loans to MSME - Others Social Infra.
Agri. Infra- Total Agri Agro- Coop Total Total Working MSME - Term Export Renewable (loans to involving Total Priority
Name of District Others Infra processing Societies) Ancillary Agriculture Capital Loan Total MSME Credit Education Housing Energy SHG, JLG) Bank Credit Sector
Bokaro 78.69 3286.32 1195.88 128.00 1323.88 57127.83 14260.80 88412.00 102672.80 3326.40 19575.00 16367.40 108.30 3335.00 914.76 203427.49
Chatra 229.55 1191.54 852.68 372.60 1225.28 37934.31 11678.80 3069.60 14748.40 0.00 624.00 1212.00 278.23 3181.25 96.00 58074.19
Deoghar 287.65 2669.95 967.95 1197.00 2164.95 56503.05 4755.00 21442.50 26197.50 480.00 9090.00 9738.00 748.66 3000.00 939.00 106696.21
Jamtara 148.60 1215.87 379.35 364.50 743.85 34765.96 4455.00 20047.50 24502.50 225.00 2610.00 4509.00 379.89 1210.50 245.70 68448.55
Ranchi 3005.64 9098.61 6167.02 1372.50 7539.52 108151.14 191962.50 69975.00 261937.50 2700.00 18000.00 45375.00 2340.18 4500.00 2677.50 445681.32
Dhanbad 226.25 943.66 770.00 479.75 1249.75 34830.72 38730.00 83720.00 122450.00 425.00 8752.50 15444.50 224.27 3316.50 850.00 186293.49
Dumka 55.42 1652.10 524.30 473.25 997.55 36620.30 7212.75 7776.75 14989.50 0.00 612.00 1608.75 234.50 4142.40 369.00 58576.45
E. Singhbhum 507.58 906.23 251.60 46.75 298.35 64450.81 44189.38 176757.50 220946.88 0.00 36550.00 82646.35 54.78 3400.00 4930.85 412979.67
Seraikela 140.18 529.48 191.25 38.25 229.50 29728.48 12139.06 48556.25 60695.31 0.00 1891.25 4754.90 47.52 2890.00 1729.75 101737.21
Garhwa 330.00 1380.95 318.75 21.25 340.00 36800.78 3200.00 9460.00 12660.00 42.50 705.50 3162.00 137.98 2389.00 403.07 56300.83
Giridih 1651.00 4032.71 5925.35 102.00 6027.35 120591.68 16664.25 16723.75 33388.00 0.00 2349.00 7586.25 670.23 1129.25 2364.40 168078.81
Godda 135.00 1233.06 975.80 45.00 1020.80 42935.82 804.53 6991.67 7796.20 52.50 680.00 1819.00 158.94 1255.88 322.58 55020.92
Gumla 68.10 997.95 317.00 54.00 371.00 42504.17 3322.00 9381.50 12703.50 0.00 669.38 1268.00 250.60 5711.13 433.60 63540.38
Khunti 90.60 556.99 724.00 27.00 751.00 24841.68 5601.50 4562.50 10164.00 0.00 632.40 1680.00 1310.64 6303.00 225.60 45157.32
Hazaribagh 108.18 5616.09 313.93 700.00 1013.93 78508.10 24822.00 20893.00 45715.00 72.00 3607.20 8064.00 44.28 11450.00 1350.00 148810.58
Koderma 73.02 1624.25 1073.55 105.00 1178.55 42614.80 9750.00 22669.08 32419.08 0.00 1508.75 2090.00 440.47 2165.00 744.00 81982.10
Palamau 580.23 2745.03 392.70 68.00 460.70 50792.42 1084.97 8232.18 9317.15 0.00 1870.00 5389.00 85.67 339.53 792.25 68586.02
Latehar 298.35 1687.58 30.60 51.00 81.60 19035.57 349.91 3499.06 3848.97 0.00 229.50 2295.00 24.78 147.90 274.18 25855.90
Ramgarh 12.20 1036.21 300.80 47.00 347.80 29632.77 10221.25 20655.00 30876.25 500.00 2192.40 2646.00 650.52 4825.00 701.55 72024.49
Sahibganj 174.56 1035.37 745.34 918.00 1663.34 38603.99 1972.50 10450.50 12423.00 52.50 612.00 1456.20 112.61 1279.58 319.75 54859.63
Pakur 110.70 3360.75 1743.56 1341.00 3084.56 36337.51 1743.56 11033.25 12776.81 45.00 324.00 1524.60 63.41 822.50 241.25 52135.08
Simdega 60.79 514.84 53.10 117.00 170.10 15815.57 1785.00 9310.50 11095.50 0.00 360.00 2034.00 497.80 3800.00 348.80 33951.67
Lohardaga 463.47 1141.88 180.45 131.40 311.85 23239.58 1771.09 13421.49 15192.58 0.00 542.30 790.50 49.04 1132.50 26.79 40973.29
W. Singhbhum 34.20 4008.83 2940.15 23.04 2963.19 52869.86 12991.83 17908.50 30900.33 142.80 1487.50 1912.50 150.52 5343.75 81.70 92888.96
Total 8869.96 52466.25 27335.11 8223.29 35558.40 1115236.90 425467.68 704949.08 1130416.76 8063.70 115474.68 225372.95 9063.82 77069.67 21382.08 2702080.56
96
SFP 2020-21:Jharkhand
Annexure – II
Agency-wise, Broad sector-wise flow of Ground Level Credit
(₹ in lakh)
Sl. Type of loan/Agency 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20
No.
Target Achievement % Target Achievement % Target Achievement % Target
1 Crop Loan (KCC)
i CBs 322866.32 140195.00 43.42 358844.82 187882.46 52.36 380930.53 166328.00 43.66 386510.94
ii RRBs 78832.57 40396.00 51.24 84765.90 49917.10 58.89 94627.00 51730.00 54.67 94550.89
iii SCB/DCCBs 16554.49 0.00 0.00 17245.60 264.66 1.53 18146.00 630.00 3.47 18280.61
Sub Total 418253.38 180591.00 43.18 460856.32 238064.22 51.66 493703.53 218688.00 44.30 499342.44
2 Term Loan (MT+LT)
i CBs 256044.76 110424.50 43.13 241620.48 136917.42 56.67 277459.24 163140.00 58.80 335508.41
ii RRBs 52055.43 1129.00 2.17 55405.60 774.58 1.40 52137.00 513.00 0.98 57817.93
iii SCB/DCCBs 9288.37 11114.50 119.66 10355.13 0.00 0.00 10360.00 141.00 1.36 9934.87
Sub Total 317388.56 122668.00 38.65 307381.21 137692.00 44.80 339956.24 163794.00 48.18 403261.21
3 Total Agri Credit (1+2)
i CBs 578911.08 250619.50 43.29 600465.30 324799.88 54.09 658389.77 329468.00 50.04 722019.35
ii RRBs 130888.00 41525.00 31.73 140171.50 50691.68 36.16 146764.00 52243.00 35.60 152368.82
iii SCB/DCCBs 25842.86 11114.50 43.01 27600.73 264.66 0.96 28506.00 771.00 2.70 28215.48
Sub Total 735641.94 303259.00 41.22 768237.53 375756.22 48.91 833659.77 382482.00 45.88 902603.65
4 Non Farm Sector/Micro Small Enterprises
i CBs 575220.75 729242.40 126.78 646370.76 1016731.20 157.30 764406.39 903958.00 118.26 938392.14
ii RRBs 67115.39 12730.00 18.97 73272.47 17064.00 23.29 78223.00 23284.00 29.77 73287.00
iii SCB/DCCBs 10360.97 40.63 0.39 13308.62 0.00 0.00 13406.00 1353.00 10.09 15232.00
Sub Total 652697.11 742013.03 113.68 732951.85 1033795.20 141.05 856035.39 928595.00 108.48 1026911.14
5 Other Priority Sector
i CBs 294563.95 186984.37 63.48 340823.60 197809.54 58.04 382821.55 195937.00 51.18 258991.41
ii RRBs 34656.92 5238.00 15.11 34910.87 15376.37 44.04 32796.93 20741.00 63.24 19237.18
iii SCB/DCCBs 6951.98 700.73 10.08 6406.07 60.00 0.94 5740.80 489.00 8.52 3522.52
Sub Total 336172.85 192923.10 57.39 382140.54 213245.91 55.80 421359.28 217167.00 51.54 281751.11
GLC Flow to Priority Sector
CBs 1448695.78 1166846.27 80.54 1587659.66 1539340.62 96.96 1805617.71 1429363.00 79.16 1919402.90
RRBs 232660.31 59493.00 25.57 248354.84 83132.05 33.47 257783.93 96268.00 37.34 244893.00
SCB/DCCBs 43155.81 11855.86 27.47 47315.42 324.66 0.69 47652.80 2613.00 5.48 46970.00
Grand Total (3+4+5) 1724511.90 1238195.13 71.80 1883329.92 1622797.33 86.17 2111054.44 1528244.00 72.39 2211265.90
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Annexure III
Critical Infrastructure support to be provided
Sr. District Name and location of the Project Physical Remarks
No. units
1 Bokaro Farmers Training Centre (Residential), Upperghat 1 Indicative Project Cost (₹50 lakh). It will be an one-stop solution for
training and capacity building of farmers from the district on
improved agricultural practices
Development of High-tech Horticulture Nursery , 1 Indicative Project Cost (₹50 lakh). Farmers will have access to good
Jabidah quality planting materials locally. There are immense scope for
floriculture and off-season vegetable cultivation
Medium Scale Poultry Feed Plant at Petarwar 1 Indicative Project Cost (₹40 lakh). Commercial poultry has been
developed as a cluster in Petarwar Block. Presence of local poultry feed
plant will help the poultry growers to have access to good quality feed
at a reasonable price
Deep Tube well in 50 schools in Chas and Bermo 50 Indicative Unit Cost (₹1.25 lakh) & Project Cost (₹62.50 lakh).
blocks Students will have access to safe and hygienic drinking water
Irrigation system, Chas 1 Indicative Project Cost (₹175 lakh). Renovation and repairing of
Gavai Barrage for irrigation
Milk Chilling Plant at Petarwar 1 Indicative Project Cost (₹100 lakh).
Godown in PACS 30 Indicative Unit Cost (₹15 lakh) & Project Cost (₹450 lakh).
Computerization of PACS 251 Indicative Unit Cost (₹3 lakh) & Project Cost (₹753 lakh).
2 Chatra Checkdam can be constructed on Putligarh Nala. Water 1
from Naulakha and Godhnd Dam could be used for
irrigation
Different milk routes could be revived and new milk 1
routes and new Dairy Cooperative could be set up so
that farmer can get proper price for milk.
1 The demand of poultry feed is being catered by West Bengal
suppliers. Such a unit is district itself will help in expansion of
Establishment of a Poultry input unit poultry.
1
Setting up of a Seed processing unit in Itkhori block. Paddy seed production program is being implemented in 100 acres
of area with financial assistance of NABARD in Itkhori block.
98
Construction of Cold Storage facility for Horticulture 1

produces
3 Deoghar Construction of Bridge from Rajabandh to Tetriya 1 Indicative Project Cost (₹40 lakh)
village, Misraana Panchayat, Madhupur Block. There is
no road in these two villages.
Road from village Naiyadih to Aasta Tothey Rupbaad, 1 Indicative Project Cost (₹60 lakh).
Suggapahadi Panchayat, Madhupur Block
Road from village Suggapahadi to Badkitand, 1 Indicative Project Cost (₹60 lakh).
Madhupur Block
Road from village Suggapahadi to Manjlitand, 1 Indicative Project Cost (₹60 lakh).
Madhupur Block
Higher Secondary school in village Pathariya, 1 Indicative Project Cost (₹30 lakh).
Suggapahadi Panchayat, Madhupur Block
Road from village Bahraanki, Kenmankaathi 5 Indicative Unit Cost (₹60 lakh) & Project Cost (₹300 lakh). There are
Panchayat, Deoghar Block. no roads in many villages in the Kenmankaathi Panchayat
Approach road at the Sadanand Joriya bridge, Indicative Project Cost (₹20 lakh).
Tikoraidih village, Pahriya Panchayat, Sarwan Block 1
Bridge at Kobagori river, Bara village and Panchayat, 6 Indicative Unit Cost (₹40 lakh) & Project Cost (₹240 lakh). During
Mohanpur Block rains, almost half the village is cut off from HQ
Road at village Rupaidih, Harkatta Panchayat, 1 Indicative Project Cost (₹40 lakh). No roads from Letwavaran via
Mohanpur Block Rupaidih to Aamlebwa villages
Bridge at Dhiba Joriya, village Rupaidih, Harkatta 1 Indicative Project Cost (₹40 lakh).
Panchayat, Mohanpur Block
Road from Lalodih to Pipra Tol villages (approx. 1 1 Indicative Project Cost (₹60 lakh).
km), Barawan Panchayat, Devipur Block
Road from Gosalidih to Jitkunda villages (approx. 1.5 1.5 Indicative Unit Cost (₹60 lakh) & Project Cost (₹90 lakh).
km), Barawan Panchayat, Devipur Block
Bridge at Buriyanda Joriya, Village Jitkunda, Barawan 1 Indicative Project Cost (₹40 lakh).
Panchayat, Devipur Block
4 Dhanbad Renovation of 06 seed farms at block - Baliapur, 6 Indicative Project Cost (₹ 300 lakh). Supply of adequate and timely
Baghmara, Gobindpur, Nirsa and Tundi seeds to farmers
1 Indicative Project Cost (₹ 400 lakh). Facility for proper treatments of

Referral Hospital for animals at Animal husbandry
animals of the district
directorate Campus, Dhanbad
Pending work of High Level bridge on river Barakar at 1 Indicative Project Cost (₹1200 lakh). Bridge Will provide direct
Barbendiya on Nirsa-Jamtara Road connectivity from Nirsa to Jamtara saving about 30 km. Implement
JHAGWIS ( Jharkhand Ground water irrigation scheme) credit linked
99
subsidy schemes for bore wells/ dug wells/pumpsets on pattern of

BIGWIS to increase irrigated area
1 Indicative Project Cost (₹110 lakh). Bridge Will provide direct
Completion of Bridge on Kapatghat over Damodar river
connectivity between Dhanbad and Chandankiyari saving about 15
on Chandankiyari - Jharia Road in Block Jharia
kms.
25 Indicative Project Cost (₹500 lakh). Irrigation to large no. of farm
Farm Ponds (300'x200'x10') at Block- Topchanchi,
lands. Establishment of Agriculture equipment bank at Panchayat
Baghmara, Tundi, Nirsa, Gobindpur
level , establishment of agri implement workshop at district level for
repair and training
Rural Haat with covered pucca platform 8 blocks Indicative Project Cost (₹160 lakh). Facility for marketing of agri
@2 per produce at block level.Start Chief Minister Horticulture mission in
block Non NHM districts
Fish Hatchery– 30 million fish fry capacity unit at 1
Indicative Project Cost (₹60 lakh). Local supply of fish fries. Promote
Nirsa block
cage fisheries in reservoirs through fish federations / societies.
Animal disease Diagonistic Laboratory at AH 1 Indicative Project Cost (₹50 lakh). Proper diagonistic of animal
Directorate, Dhanbad diseases
1 Indicative Project Cost (₹250 lakh). Facility for housing of sick
Animal hostel at Dhanbad
animals for treatment. Proote Pashu mitra/ Pashu Sakhis for animal
husbandry activities like dairy, goatery, poultry etc. Promote ‘ Murgi
gram yojana ‘ for small holders back yard poultry of PRADAN model
Seed Processing Unit in blocks-Topchanchi, Baghmara, 4
Tundi, Nirsa Indicative Project Cost (₹400 lakh). Supply of adequate certified seeds
5 Dumka Grants under Integrated Scheme for Agriculture Marketing can be

Construction of 500 MT capacity Godowns in GPs
utilised for this purpose.
Construction of Cold storage in Ramgarh, Saraiyahat
It will increase the income of farmers.
and Dumka blocks
Setting up milk processing plant
Completion of incomplete Dams of the district There is lack of irrigation facilities in the district
6 Garhwa Soil and Seed Testing laboratory and Seed Processing At block level
plants may be set up
Rain water harvesting structures, series of check dam,
farm pond may be promoted. Lifting of water from
Only 28.3% land is irrigated. Irrigation potential of a number of
nearby sone river will provide permanent solution of
small rivers/ streams / Jhoras remain unexplored.
water scarcity in the region. Solar pump sets may be
promoted by Government.
100
Construction of warehouses may be promoted for There is no cold storage/ cold chain system or scientific post-harvest
checking of distressed sale. infrastructure facility for the perishable crops.
Revival of Milk Processing Plant
Setting up of Base nurseries at block level Popularization of HYVs/ Hybrids, encouraging sowing with treated
seeds for better crops
Setting up of animal feed plant 1
Promotion of solar pump sets 1
Promotion of Hatcheries 1
7 Organize Export Awareness Programmes at frequent
intervals in major agri. clusters jointly with FIEO to Establish linkages on regular basis with FIEO/ EPCs and other
update the knowledge of the existing and potential associations to build a comprehensive international trade related
exporters and to encourage others to take up the network.
East exports.
Singhbhum 9 villages
It covers 9631 households with an estimated TFO of ₹3624.00 lakh,
Drinking water project of
taken up by DWS (PHD) Jamshedpur Division.
Musabani
1 7.4 km road from Mushabani to Dumariya block of the district with an
Construction of road estimated TFO of ₹250.48 lakh has been taken up by RWD, East
Singhbhum Division.
8 There is an urgent need for setting up Soil Testing Lab
in the district.
In the absence of input unit, the sector has to depend upon the supply
Giridih
There is need to establish input unit for fisheries sector. from West Bengal, which proves to be costly and sometimes out of
reach of the fish-farmers.
No Cold storage in the district. In the last few years, 10 TFO of ₹40 lakh each.
Godowns have been constructed by some PACS and
also by private parties.
1 With the help of NABARD in Dhanwar block, in Nawadih program
Paddy seed production
for paddy seed production is going on in 150 acres.
9 Godda The existing as well as potentials of health care centers
may be upgraded and the Health centre at Sub- State Govt may consider the fund under RIDF
Divisional level may be upgraded to General Hospital.
The district is deficient in Primary Health Centers and
Community Health Centres against the existing health
centers as per the population norms.
Acute shortage of power and its quality. More power
stations need to be established to improve the
situation
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The solar power schemes for pump sets, lighting may Opening of new dealers shop locally from reputed agency of solar
be popularized among the villagers. manufacturing may be encouraged.
The district is drought prone and has erratic rainfall.
Hence the need for rain water harvesting structures to
conserve water, reduce run off, erosion, help recharge
ground water thus improving irrigation facilities.
10 Gumla More number of outlets for sale and repair of solar
lighting system/ water pumps may be established The district department should make it convenient to make available
across the district to service the demand. the benefit under the State government scheme timely and hassle free.
5 Indicative Unit Cost (₹100 lakh) & Project Cost (₹500 lakh). There is
Modern Market Yard with storage facility one each in 5 substantial potential of vegetable cultivation in these 5 blocks. The
blocks (Gumla, Sisai or Bharno, Ghagra, Plakot, Raidih) huge marketable surplus is disposed through local haats to big
markets like Ranchi, Kolkata, etc., not beneficial for the farmers. The
Market Yard with modern amenities and connected online through
AGMARKNET may be set up for better price realization to the
farmers.
21 Indicative Unit Cost (₹5 lakh) & Project Cost (₹100 lakh). There is
Primary Lac Processing Unit substantial production of lac in 7 out of 12 Blocks of Gumla. The
farmers are forced to sell the brood lac as there is no scope for
converting the same into choura which can be stored for months.
Hence, there is a need to establish at least 3 primary processing lac
units in 7 Blocks of Gumla.
Rice Mill 1 Indicative Project Cost (₹100 lakh). The production of rice is about
3.88 lakh ton but the district is devoid of any medium of large scale
Rice Mill. Hence, the farmers are forced to sell paddy to the traders.
11 Storage godown for seed preservation at Panchmadhab 2 Indicative Unit Cost (₹20 lakh) & Project Cost (₹40 lakh). Godown of
Basria, Barhi Block 500 tonne capacity for paddy and pulses separately for the seed
Hazaribagh producers’ organisation
Demonstration Unit for Backyard Poultry at Holy Cross 4 Indicative Unit Cost (₹3 lakh) & Project Cost (₹12 lakh).
KVK, Canary Hills for training purpose Demonstration unit for four different varieties of backyard poultry
bird, for training purpose.
Resource centre for goat promotion at Holy Cross 1 Indicative Unit Cost & Project Cost (₹9 lakh). Production centre for
KVK, Canary Hills breed upgradation of black Bengal goat with Yamunapari, betel and
Jakhrana variety of goat.
Marketing infrastructure with 50 pindi sheds, toilets, 1 Indicative Project Cost (₹20 lakh). The market is in operation by
parking, etc. at Chadwa dam side, Kanchanpur in contribution of land by villagers. Around 200 farmers come to the
Katkamsandi Block, Hazaribag market for sale bi-weekly.
102
12 Low cost check dams can be built on tributaries in the

Jamtara catchment area of Ajay and Shilo rivers, through which
large area can be irrigated.
The number of toilets in rural areas of the district is Such projects can be submitted for implementation under RIDF
negligible.
13 Khunti Low irrigation coverage and area irrigated through
Construction of check dams, minor and Medium irrigation projects
surface water is less than 5% of total area under
and low lift irrigation projects.
cultivation.
Electricity to villages for energization of pump sets. Electrification of villages
In order to make it convenient for the rural masses to
maintain the solar equipment more number of outlets
for sale and repair of solar lighting system/ water
pumps may be established across the district to service
the demand.
Lack of Saplings and planting materials Establishment of base nurseries at block level.
Milk processing plant Upgradation and expansion of existing milk processing unit of Animal
Husbandry department
Lack of supply of fish seeds / fingerlings Setting up of hatchery
Koderma Jainagar RCD Road to RLSY College via Bichhipahar
upto Bekobar
Road construction from Nagri village in Satgaona
block to Khirikala
Road construction from Gajhandi (Murali pahadi) to
Bendi
On Kowar, Koderma Road construction of bypass road
from Jainagar Thana to Bajar
Construction of road from Raidih in Dhomchanch
block to Bansdih in Markachcho block
14 Construction of bridge over Akto river on Dumri to
Tarwan Road in Jainagar Block
Construction of bridge over Chotki river on Bhondo
Bongadag Road in Bendi Panchayat of Chandwara
Block
Construction of Bridge over Barakar river on Paplo to
Chobey (Hazaribagh) Road at Satghara Ghat,
Markachcho Block
Kesho Dam project, a Minor Irrigation Scheme Project cost ₹50 crore. The work is suspended for more than a decade
due to some land acquisition problem. This project, once completed is
103
expected to support irrigation facility to its command area of more

than 4200 ha.
15 Latehar Setting up of Cold Storages in Latehar
Setting up of Rural Godowns in Latehar, Manika,

Balumath and Chandwa
16 Lohardaga Promotion of Solar Pump Sets for irrigation

Setting up food processing units in the district
Storage, testing, grading and other infrastructure in the
Agri Mandis
17 Pakur Construction of road from Babudaha in Maheshpur 5 km road
block to Jagdishpur
Construction of road from Shivrampura in Maheshpur 7 km road
block to Bhentatola
Construction of road from Pinum in Maheshpur block 3 km road
to Barsimia
Bridge on Pagla river to join Kumarpur and Bakur
village of Maheshpur village.
Maheshpur block: bridge on the reverted flowing
between Bhagabadh and SitaRampur villages of
Maheshpur block.
Maheshpur block: bridge on stream between Sonarpur
and Prkudha
Lift irrigation system on Barahmasi Nala of Barendih
and Bansloi river of Kalajor village in Amarapara Block
of Baddapaharpur.
Lift irrigation to be on the Barahmasi Nala in village
Dumka Dangal of Maheshpur block.
Pakur block: flood gates to be built confluence of the
Bhagirathi and Bansloi rivers of Manikpadha village
At least 2,000 metric tons of warehouse to be
constructed in all 09 blocks of Pakur district
Construction of storage and market yards in
Maheshpur and Pakur
18 Palamau Construction of Cold Storage in Daltonganj 1 Indicative Project cost ( (₹150 lakh)
104
1
Setting up of a Milk Chilling Plant at Panki
19 Ramgarh Construction of water Harvesting structures, Lift

Irrigation schemes, Tube wells for irrigation purpose
Construction of Godowns in the blocks
Centralise nursery for Horticulture and social forestry

Pay & use community toilets in Ramgarh, Gola and
Mandu
20 Ranchi To provide total health coverage to the animal health. It also takes step
Modernisation and strengthening the Institute of
for the disease identification & control of various pathogenic &
Animal Health and Production Unit, Ranchi
contagious diseases.
Revival of Bacon Factory, Kanke To help establish a constant stable market for pigs
To provide various types of support and assistance so as to promote

Revival of Government Poultry Farm, Hotwar
poultry farming in villages
Improving solar rooftop ecosystem, promoting solar
agriculture including solar irrigation and also to raise
“Solar power as a third crop” involving big farmers are
critical intervention for replacing a more carbon
intensive energy harnessing source i.e. coal.
105
21 Sahibganj Construction of Road from Mohanpur (on NH 40) to 6 km Indicative Unit Cost (₹60 lakh/km) & Investment required (₹360
Sutial Para (Rajmahal Block) lakh). Road completely damaged. More than 20 villages shall be
benefitted. Roads and Culverts shall be constructed
Construction of Road from PWD Road Mandro to 8.10 km Indicative Unit Cost (₹60 lakh/km) & Investment required (₹486
Deodad via-Simra Itahari (Mandro Block) lakh). Road completely damaged. More than 20 villages shall be
Construction of Road from Dahujon to Tegra via- 9.35 km
Manjhaladih Amdaadh (Borio Block) Indicative Unit Cost (₹60 lakh/km) & Investment required (₹561
lakh). Road completely damaged. More than 30 villages shall be
Construction of Bridge on Kechuwa Nala (project road)
– Barharwa Block 100 ft. Indicative Unit Cost (₹20 lakh/10 ft.) & Investment required (₹200
lakh). Connectivity to the villages on both sides; will facilitate in
reduction of road distance between the two sides
Construction of Community Facility Centre (CFC) for 2
tasar production at Mandro and Borio block
Construction of road from Nashaghat to Amanat 3.65 km
Madrasa (Udhwa block)
Construction of road from Hirkitola to Mayurkol via 2.62 km
Kadam tola (Taljhari block)
Construction of road from Dahujon to Tegra via 9.35 km
Aamdarh (Borio block)
Construction of road from Petakhas to Sonmani via 7.60 km
Dariapur (Borio block)
Construction of road from Shrirampur Kochatoli to 5.30 km
Sini Barmasia (Pathna block)
Renovation of Mirza Santhaali Medium Irrigation 1 No.
Indicative Investment required (₹40 lakh). Will improve irrigation
Scheme (Mandro Block) facility to 30 ha land under Kharif and 10 ha land under Rabi
106
22 6 km Indicative Unit Cost (₹33 lakh) & Project Cost (₹199 lakh).
Construction of rural road from Phuldungri to NH-33
via Sahijharna, Jamdih, Ramgarh, Chandil Block
Saraikela- 40 m Indicative Unit Cost (₹3.5 lakh) & Project Cost (₹143 lakh).
Construction of Bridge over River Shobha between
Kharsawan Pandra and Kukru Block
Construction of 100 MT capacity Godowns in LAMPS Grants under Integrated Scheme for Agriculture Marketing can be
utilised for this purpose.
23 Simdega Renovation and construction of ponds in all the blocks. State Govt may take proactive measures to complete the projects.
24 West Construction of High Level Bridge in on MDR-182 at Indicative project cost (₹97.693 lakh)
Singhbhum Dhansari village of Kumardungi Block.
Completion of ongoing Kamarbera PHC in Construction was started in 2013.
Manoharpur block.
Implementation of Adikari Nala CCD project with river The proposed project has GCA of 40 ha. (approx. 30 ha in kharif and
based MLI structure on local Adikari Nala in Adikari 10 ha in rabi season). Indicative project cost (₹ 64.35 lakh)
village in Majhgaon Block
Remodeling and widening of the 22.735 km long Indicative project cost (₹58 cr.)
Banjhikusum- Toklo MDR located in Chakradharpur
Block of the district.
107
SFP 2020-21: Jharkahnd
Annexure IV
CRITICAL INTERVENTIONS REQUIRED IN VARIOUS SECTORS / SUB-SECTORS
Sl.No. Sector Intervention Requirements Suggested Action Points
1 Crop  To ensure timely support during the  Instead of focussing on mono-crop/ single activity based farming system, there is a need
Production distress, there is need to use technology for to evolve a holistic farm resilience mission with inter-disciplinary approach. Solution
quick and accurate assessment of damage, also lies in ensuring a suitable mix of income source from farm and non-farm sectors.
timely reporting and quick disbursal of There is a need to provide replicable and applicable solutions to bring succour (sakoon)
relief measures to the affected to farmers.
 Updation and Computerisation of Land  Strengthening Extension services through Govt., private participation through ACABCs
Records. and associating Farmers' Clubs and Krishak Mitras.
 Enabling landless / tenant farmers access  Govt. to support organizing of landless / tenant farmers into JLGs and banks to provide
institutional credit for farming / other finance to such JLGs treating the same as a priority area.
economic activities. This can be done by  Govt. to expedite updation and Computerization of Land Records.
providing such farmers KCC through JLG  Construction of rural roads and bridges including those identified as last mile
mode. connectivity
 Support to farmers by way of organized  Govt. to support setting up markets places at nearest points for the benefit of farmers.
markets. Infrastructure available at Grameen Haat may be strengthened and FPOs can utilise e-
 Setting of Kisan Seva Kendra, Village NAM platform for organised marketing of farm produce.
knowledge Centres, farm ponds, fertilizer  Cultivation of coarse cereals, like Ragi need to be given boost in view of rising demand
storage and standard seeds availability to from affluent people.
increase the crop production.  Discussion with state govt. for creating such infrastructure in the state.
2 Water  Farmers need to be incentivised to save  As monsoon continues to be erratic, need for greater focus lies in water resource
Resources water by adopting suitable cropping management. Farmers need to be incentivised to save water by adopting suitable
pattern on their farms. cropping pattern on their farms. States need to evolve effective resource use policy based
 An integrated mechanism to be developed on the level of stress on various natural resources. There is a need for conserving soil
by setting up coordinating/nodal moisture security so that “more crop per drop” can be achieved.
department/agency for irrigation.  Presently, certain specific tasks (eg. Government investment in irrigation is looked after
 Expanding area under irrigation by Min of Agriculture, Water Resources Dept. and Min of Rural Development) are
 Promotion of Micro-Irrigation methods. handled by various departments at the central and state govt level. For better
 Promotion of check dam & water coordination and speedier decision making, there is need to have an integrated
harvesting structures. mechanism by setting up coordinating/nodal department/agency for irrigation.
 Renovation of water Bodies  Govt. to focus on harnessing the available irrigation potential by creation of Water
 Promotion of solar operated pump-sets. Harvesting Structures and crop planning based on watershed approach.

 Energisation of existing pump-sets and Govt. to expedite completion of MI schemes of check dams, LI structures on small rivers
giving a boost to solar pump-set by and streams, etc.so as to enhance irrigation potential and reduce surface water run-off.
108
incentivizing them through available  Govt. to take measures for making available Block-wise ground water data on GoJ’s
subsidy schemes. website for more effective planning and financing of irrigation activities.
 Maintenance of existing water supply  At least one unit to be financed by each of the bank rural branches for installation of Solar
projects. pumpsets.
 Effective management and adoption of modern water saving technologies like pressure
irrigation / volumetric measurement / leak detection and control by developers and users
both.
Farm  Popularization of farm equipments for  Establishment of Agricultural Equipment Banks, creation of agri-business centres for
Mechanization small size/fragmented land holdings. Use farm machinery for custom hiring, creation of awareness for contract farming on larger
of low-cost farm implements, like power- farms,
tiller, seed-cum-fertilizer drill and  Crop and area specific farm equipments may be identified with the support of KVKs,
rotavator etc may be incentivized. Agricultural Universities, etc.
 Mechanisation of post-harvest operations  A conscious strategy needs to be adopted to promote cost / fuel efficient and multiple-
helps in reduction of post harvest losses. use equipments amongst such category of farmers which can generate an optimum
 Value addition thorough scientific cleaning, economic return on their investments.
grading and packing and enhances market  There is a need to revamp the tenancy legislation so that the land lease market is
access and price discovery. Subsidy encouraged and credit flow to the sector could be smoothened out.
available through AMI can utilized for this.  Strengthening the network of service units supplemented by a few mobile service units
 Requirement of combined harvesters for to be promoted through bank finance across Blocks could provide a big boost to farm
better crop production management and to mechanization efforts in the district.
save the cost of production.  Group financing for Farm Mechanisation through JLGs, Farmers club, etc. should be
encouraged.
 PACS to be involved for setting-up Agro-Service Centres for farm implements, tractors,
heavy machinery, etc. for custom hiring by farmers.
 Hybrid/ dual energy pump sets may be introduced to save energy
4 Plantation &  Creation of awareness / Extension services  Govt. to consider organizing large number of onsite training / awareness activities under
Horticulture  Availability of Quality planting material MIDH for popularizing P & H activities.
including  Rearing and reeling center and organized  Govt. to encourage setting up of nurseries through PPP mode / cooperatives / JLGs &
Sericulture cocoon market for sericulture SHGs
 Quality and hassle free Institutional Credit  Govt. to set-up rearing and reeling centers in identified pockets for sericulture.
 Insurance coverage to cover risks  Govt. to establish more Mandis and encourage setting–up of fruit and vegetable
 Provide market linkage processing units through private participation on a hub and spoke model.
 Efficient Post Harvest management.  Establishment of Cold Storages and ensuring regular electricity supply
 Encouraging poly-house.  Govt. to promote solar based post-harvesting management processes like solar-driven
 Commercial horticulture needs organised dryer, etc.
cultivation, processing, packaging and  Banks to act in coordination with DAO / DHO, KVKs, ATMA, Farmers’ Clubs, etc. to
scout for bankable projects under P&H.
109
marketing. It has tremendous potential of  Govt. to expedite availability of insurance against Horticulture crops in the State.
export.  Banks to take advantage of ABBPs relating to horticulture sector being spearheaded by
NABARD for extending credit to bankable projects.
 Govt. to create facilities like Drying yards which would greatly help improving the quality
of produce such as Chili and Turmeric.
 Govt. to take steps for promotion of Tassar Plantation, Cocoon Bank and Common
Facility Centres for reeling and weaving which would especially help tribal and other
small / marginal farmers.
 Govt. to encourage flowers and high value vegetables cultivation under poly houses near
the urban centers in the State.
5 Forestry  Ensuring availability of Quality planting  Govt. to encourage setting-up of nurseries for ensuring availability of planting materials.
&Wasteland materials.  Forest Deptt. To launch massive awareness programmes about economic benefits to
Development  Promotion of Agro-forestry models for pulp people under Agro-forestry activities.
wood based industry.  Forest Department to coordinate with farmer groups and banks for development of
 Creating awareness. private wastelands with bank credit.
 Evolving proper price mechanism for  Increase in trade and processing of MFP can benefit the landless, SF/MF in a substantial
forest-based products way. JHAMCOFED has started procurement and purchase of MFP which would certainly
 Minor Forest Produces (MFP) are the contribute to the growth of the activity. Activity based groups, SHGs, JLGs to be
major source of livelihood for the majority encouraged for collection and processing of MFP. Vas/NGOs to be involved for capacity
of the forest based tribals and hence offers building.
tremendous scope for development.  Marketing infrastructure for bamboo produce and its’ derivatives should be established.
 Encouraging the cultivation of bamboo A new opportunity has been opened for it, as use of plastic bottle for mineral water is
farming on commercial basis, as bamboo is now being discouraged.
now no more a forest produce.
6 Animal  Improvement and strengthening of  Govt. to complete renovation of existing and construction of new veterinary hospitals
Husbandry veterinary health care and Artificial with adequate AI facilities.
Insemination facilities  Govt. to operationalize the existing cattle breeding farms to meet the State’s
 Strengthening of Cattle Development requirements.
Centers  Govt. to launch massive awareness programme for promoting Backyard poultry among
 Improving supply of quality dairy animals, tribal and other small / marginal farmer families.
DOCs for poultry and feed.  Govt. to promote cultivation of Green Fodder, like hydroponics. The cultivation of
 Ensuring availability of Green Fodder hydroponic on commercial basis can become an agri-start up.
 Improving Milk procurement and storage  Govt. to add the new and operationalize the existing defunct milk routes.
facility, chilling plants  Govt. to sponsor and provide necessary support to Animal Husbandry graduates in
 Setting up of breeding farms for Dairy, setting-up of Agri-clinics Centres with Bank credit.
goatry, piggery, etc. for supply of improved  Govt. to promote establishment of Cattle Feed and Feed supplement Plant in the State.
variety.
110
 Shifting of focus from veterinary healthcare  Scale of Finance for Green Fodder to be fixed in all districts by respective DLTCs so as to
to breed improvement on scientific lines to enable banks to finance Green Fodder production as an integral component of dairy
increase productivity. projects.
 Animal Husbandry department / RSETIs to arrange for training programmes of poultry
farmers on biosecurity measures to reduce mortality rate
 Govt. to set-up / promote more number of Poultry Hatcheries in the State to provide
good quality Day Old Chick (DOC) to small poultry farmers at reasonable rates.
 There is need to improve the quality of the Veterinary Hospital in the state.
7 Fisheries  Integrated fish farming.  Integrated fish farming where more than one activity is taken up simultaneously in the
 Enhancing supply of Fish Seeds, same unit may be encouraged with credit as the failure of one activity can be offset by the
Fingerlings. other.
 Promoting organized markets.  Govt. to set-up / encourage fish Hatcheries for ensuring adequate availability of fish
 Strengthening soil and water testing seedlings.
facilities.  Commercial infrastructure i.e., hatchery, nursery and rearing farms can be set up by
 Strengthening the FFDAs for effective private entrepreneurs with the support from banks.
delivery of extension services.  Govt. to make conscious efforts for convergence of MNREGA activities for improving the
 Renovation/Desiltation of ponds/tanks. productivity of fish ponds.
 Setting up of Hatcheries.  Govt. to provide support for marketing of fish including setting up of marketing outlets.

 Extending the outreach of extension Fisheries department to conduct workshops to sensitise bankers and farmers on various
services and dissemination of fish culture departmental schemes and potentials for taking up fisheries activities with credit
technology. support.

 Revival of weak fishermen cooperatives by Govt to promote fish rearing through cage culture in a big way in the reservoirs.
bringing them under Fisheries department.  Banks to scout for proposals to finance for cold chain (refrigerated vans) in coordination
with FFDAs to overcome the problem of spoilage of fish.
 Infrastructure development for establishment of hatchery/nursery/rearing farms for
availability of adequate, pure, quality fish seed and production of advance fries,
fingerlings & yearlings and setting up of fish feed plant in each district.
8 Construction  Network of rural godowns, especially small  A network of rural godowns can address some of the problems of the rural population
of Storage godowns of around 100MT capacity. One including SF/MF to reduce post-harvest loss and avoid distress sale.
facilities godowns in every small village may be  There is a need to protect the farm income per unit of land falling below the sustenance
established. The same can be built on farm- level by ensuring effective price protection and other mechanisms, instead of
stead of farmers. incentivising the farmers through traditional approach of input subsidies or other
 National Agricultural Market. Promotion of financial interventions. National Agricultural Market being proposed can be a solution
e-NAM by providing proper infrastructure. backed by adequate storage facilities.
 Expansion of storage capacity for increase  Banks may identify borrowers having trading and transport experience to take up Rural
in shelf life of agricultural produce. Godown and cold storage projects and also high net worth borrower to take up market
 Strengthening of Cooperative marketing infrastructure projects.
Societies.
111
 Uninterrupted power supply to be ensured  Govt. to establish Market Yards/ Godowns, Apna Mandi, rural haats and other marketing
particularly for cold storage facilities. infrastructural facilities.
 Govt. to focus on reviving cooperative marketing societies.
 Accreditation of storage godowns, both at District and Block level, with Warehousing
Development and Regulatory Authority (WDRA) so that warehouse receipts could be
negotiable and farmers avail pledge loan.
Land  Reclamation of waste and fallow lands.  Govt. to take measures for increasing awareness on land development activities both
Development  Land Development Measures –Bunding, through its own training / extension mechanism as also through AC&ABC units of
levelling, etc. agriculture graduates (such units need to be promoted in large numbers by way of
 Timely and adequate supply of fertilizers. collaboration between banks & Agriculture Universities).
 Promotion of Organic manure / Bio-  Concerned line Deptt. of Govt. to involve banks for helping people to adopt suitable
fertilisers economic activities in areas reclaimed under Govt’s waste and fallow land reclamation
 Reduction of surface run-off programmes.

 Extension services for adequate support for Soil conservation Deptt. KVK to promote low cost Mini soil testing kits/ mobile soil
land use planning testing units for adoption by farmers which will enable them to make informed
 Watershed development and fencing of the investments in land development activities.
forest area is required to increase the fertile  Govt. to arrange for exposure visits of farmers to developed Watershed areas to
area, stop soil erosion and degradation of popularize various type of soil treatment and cropping practices. Awareness programme
soil. for farmers about dry land farming, water harvesting structure, vermi composting, etc.
 Establishment of soil testing labs/ centres may be organised by ATMA.
for enabling the farmers to make optimum  Banks to recognize the need for providing credit for land development activities as a
use of inputs and also to take decisions on viable commercial activity more so in areas of watershed projects being implemented by
the basis of scientific facts. Govt. / NABARD. Banks to organise orientation programme for its officers to create
 Integrated Nutrient Management to necessary awareness about the various schemes/ activities related to organic farming and
enhance soil productivity and improve soil motivate them to go for credit to this sector.
health.  WRD, GoJ to Identify completed CADA irrigation projects and command of RIDF
 CADAs to be activated for undertaking on projects for extension of credit support by banks for OFD works.
farm development works in canal  Govt. to consider revamping the tenancy legislation for encouraging land lease market
commands. and facilitating credit flow to the sector.
 Satellite mapping of watersheds - through Remote Sensing & Geographical Information
System (GIS), leading to initiation of Watershed development programmes.
 Use of remote sensing in soil resource mapping will help in planning & developing land
use plans for sustainable land management.
10 Food and  Organised market for final products.  Govt. to establish more number of food parks.
Agro-  Storage and processing infrastrucutre  Govt. to ensure provision of cold chain.
Processing  Extension services and linkage facilities
112
 Power supply may be improved.  Govt. to launch massive awareness programs for awareness and capacity building
amongst entrepreneurs.
 Govt. to establish training centres/centre of excellence in collaboration with institutions
like IIM, Ranchi.
MSME –  Organised market and support.  Govt. to setting up Rural Haats in for enhancing marketing facilities.
Working  Extension services and linkage facilities  Govt. to set-up KVIC industrial estates/ centers for promoting village industries.
Capital and  Development of micro enterprises on  Govt. to expedite completion of projects concerning expansion of power generation
Investment cluster basis capacities, reduction of transmission losses, etc.
Credit  Ensuring regular Power Supply  Govt. to formulate suitable scheme for promoting effective utilization of lac hosts present
 Establishment of MSME units for slaughter in large numbers for increasing lac cultivation.
houses and handicraft development for
diversification of the sector, employment
and income generation is required.
Export Credit  The vast potential for exports in  Bank may finance export credit as there are a no. of incentives provided by GoI, SIDBI,
horticulture, processed food, spices, forest APEDA etc including interest subvention.
produce, silk, handicrafts and in  Capacity building, technological & skill upgradation, marketing support, interest
manufactured industrial goods lies subvention, branding, market information, trade promotion, etc. may be provided for
MSME & Agri exports.
unexplored
 Guarantee coverage under CGTMSE may be increased and terms may be relaxed to make
 Awareness on entrepreneurship and exports competitive.
knowledge about export potential in  Convergence of “Market Development Assistance” schemes run by Ministry of MSME,
various sectors. NSIC, KVIC and Ministry of Commerce needs to be ensured.
 Setting-up of more AEPZs and promoting private export houses in the state.
 Expansion of export market for Agriculture
and MSME products to improve quality,
cost issues.
Education  Financing by Banks for educational loan to  Banks may promote education loan scheme among the students, parents by holding
students of parents other than salary awareness meets in schools, colleges, professional educational institutes. Banks may tie
earners need to be improved up with educational and professional institutions to enable students & entrepreneurs to
avail education loans without much hassle.
 Educational depts., schools, Colleges may facilitate educational loans to needy students
by working in closer coordination with banks.
Housing  Comprehensive housing policy with special  Banks may finance more for new housing as well as for repairs of dwelling units.
emphasis on Economically Weaker Section  Rural local youths may be trained in low cost construction activities so that cheap houses
(EWS), Lower Income Group (LIG) and can be made available besides providing repairing and maintenance services.
other vulnerable section of the society.
 Real estate sector may be regulated effectively to build confidence among potential
113
 Panchayats shall come forward to allot land buyers.

to group of people in the rural areas to  State Govt may build more number of orphanage, old age homes, rehabilitation centres
enable them to avail loan for housing for migrant workers etc to provide shelters and prevent encroachment etc.
purpose. Govt may extend capital subsidy
for the purpose of margin money.
 Ease of obtaining required documents such
as land records, income certificates etc.
through common service centres or other
bodies.
11 Renewable  Promotion of Govt. Schemes  Govt. to direct the CSR initiatives of a few public & private corporates to create model
Energy  Agriculture waste can be recycled through villages for creating awareness on renewable energy concepts.
–briquette making, biomass gasification  There’s a need for coordination & synergy between corporate sector, Govt labs/
etc institutions and NGOs for development & dissemination of low cost technologies in rural
 There are a large number of rice mills and areas.
abundance of rice husk. Biomass gasifier  Awareness creation at the ground level regarding alternative sources of energy and credit
based on husk may be set up. linked subsidy schemes of Govt. through print, audio and visual media would be
 Government to accelerate its promotional extremely helpful.
and extension measures as also to promote
the commercial generation of renewable
energy under PPP mode.
13 Social  Special drive for improving literacy rate  Govt. to increase investments for improving education and health infrastructure to
infrastructure  Drive for improved quality of life bridge the identified gaps.
involving bank  Rural infrastructure needs to be improved  Where ever possible toilet constructions may be linked to IAY.
credit through private participation other than
 Availability of manpower for the created infrastructure is essential. This may require skill
public investments.
upgradation of manpower and in case of hospitals – professionals.
 Banks and development institutions may
popularize the sanitation schemes and  Bankers may proactively take up financing of social infrastructure activities wherever
banks may proactively take up financing of feasible to fulfill their priority sector obligations.
these activities to fulfil their priority sector  Capacity building of the Village Water and Sanitation Committees may be given more
obligations. attention.
 CSR funds may be tapped for sanitation activities by having a MOU with corporates.
114
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
ACABC Agri Clinic and Agri Business Centre
AEPS Aadhaar Enabled Payment System
AEZ Agri-Export Zone
AF Adaptation Fund
AI Artificial Insemination
APEDA Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority
APMC Agriculture Produce Market Committee
ARYA Attracting & Retaining Youth in Agriculture
ATM Automated Teller Machine
ATMA Agricultural Technology Management Agency
AUA Authentication User Agency
BAU Birsa Agriculture University
BC Banking Correspondents
BGREI Bringing Green Revolution to Eastern India
BPL Below Poverty Line
CAD Command Area Development
CAGR Compound Annual Growth Rate
CB Commercial Bank
CBS Core Banking Solution
CD Ratio Credit Deposit Ratio
CFC Common Facility Centre
CFTRI Central Food Technological Research Institute
CGTMSE Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises
CGWB Central Ground Water Board
CHC Community Health Centre
CWC Central Warehouse Corporation
DCCB District Central Cooperative Bank
DDUGKY Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana
DEDS Dairy Entrepreneurship Development Scheme
DFL Disease Free Layings
dFLAP Digital Financial Literacy Awareness Programme
DIC District Industries Centre
DIDF Dairy Processing & Infrastructure Development Fund
DIP District Irrigation Plan
EDEG Entrepreneurship Development and Employment Generation
eNAM Electronic National Agriculture Market
EXIM Bank Export Import Bank of India
FCI Food Corporation of India
FIDF Fisheries and Aquaculture Infrastructure Development Fund
FLC Financial Literacy Centre
FPO Farmers Producers’ Organisation
G0I Government of India
GCF Green Climate Fund
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GER Gross Enrolment Ratio
GLC Ground Level Credit
GNPA Gross Non Performing Assets
115
GoJ Government of Jharkhand

GSDP Gross State Domestic Product
GW Giga Watt
ICAR Indian Council of Agricultural Research
ICAR-CRURRS ICAR -Central Rainfed Upland Rice Research Station
ICAR-RCER ICAR-Research Centre for Eastern Region
ICT Information and Communication Technology
IIT Indian Institute of Technology
IPM Integrated Pest Management
JASCOLAMPF Jharkhand State Co-operative Lac Marketing & Procurement Federation Ltd
JHALCO Jharkhand Hill Area Lift Irrigation Corporation Limited
JHAMCOFED Jharkhand State Minor Forest Produce Cooperative Development & Marketing
Federation Ltd
JHARCRAFT Jharkhand Silk Textile and Handicraft Development Corporation Ltd.
JHASCOFISH Jharkhand State Co-operative Fisheries Federation Ltd
JLG Joint Liability Group
JMF Jharkhand Milk Federation
JREDA Jharkhand Renewable Energy Development Agency
JRGB Jharkhand Rajya Gramin Bank
JSLPS Jharkhand State Livelihood Promotion Society
JStCB Jharkhand State Cooperative Bank Ltd.
KCC Kisan Credit Card
KUA KYC User Agency
KVK Krishi Vigyan Kendra
LAMPS Large-sized Adivasi Multi Purpose Societies
LED Light Emitting Diode
LEDP Livelihood & Enterprise Development Programme
LTIF Long Term Irrigation Fund
MEDP Micro Enterprise Development Programme
MGNREGA Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
MPEDA Marine Products Export Development Authority
mPOS Mobile Point of Sale
MSME Micro Small and Medium Enterprise
MSP Minimum Support Price
MT Metric Tonnes
MUDRA Micro Units Development and Refinance Agency
MW Mega Watt
NABARD National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development
NAFCC National Adaptation Fund for Climate Change
NAFIS NABARD All India Rural Financial Inclusion Survey
NCDC National Cooperative Development Corporation
NECS National Electronic Clearing Service
NEFT National Electronic Fund Transfer
NH National Highway
NIC National Informatics Centre
NICRA National Innovations on Climate Resilient Agriculture
NID National Institute of Design
NIDA NABARD Infrastructure Development Assistance
NLM National Livestock Mission
116
NPA Non-Performing Asset

NPS Non Priority Sector
NRLM National Rural Livelihood Mission
NRRI National Rice Research Institute
NSDC National Skill Development Corporation
NSDP Net State Domestic Product
NSS National Sample Survey
NTFP Non-Timber Forest Produce
NULM National Urban Livelihood Mission
ODA Overseas Development Assistance
ODF Open Defecation Free
ODR Other District Road
OFPO Off Farm Producers’ Organisation
PACS Primary Agricultural Credit Society
PHC Primary Health Centre
PLP Potential Linked Credit Plan
PM Prime Minister
PMAY-G Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana- Gramin
PMFBY Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana
PMJDY Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana
PMJJBY Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana
PMKSY Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana
PMMY Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana
PMSBY Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana
PODF Producer Organisation Development Fund
PODF-ID Producer Organisation Development Fund-Interest Differential
POS Point of Sale
PRODUCE Producers’ Organization Development and Upliftment Corpus Fund
RAS Recirculatory Aquaculture System
RBI Reserve Bank of India
RCD Road Construction Department
RIDF Rural Infrastructure Development Fund
RRB Regional Rural Bank
RSETI Rural Self Employment Training Institute
RTE Right to Education
RTGS Real Time Gross Settlement
RUDSETI Rural Development and Self-employment Training Institute
SDG Sustainable Development Goal
SEZ Special Economic Zone
SIDBI Small industrial Development Bank of India
SLBC State Level Bankers’ Committee
SWC State Warehouse Corporation
TDF Tribal Development Fund
TELCO Tata Engineering and Locomotive Company
TISCO Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited
UPNRM Umbrella Programme for Natural Resources Management
USD US Dollar
VEGFED Vegetable Marketing Federation Ltd.
VR Village Road
117
WDF Watershed Development Fund

WIF Warehouse Infrastructure Fund
WSHG Women Self Help Group
118

Jharkhand

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SFP 2020-21: Jharkhand

Sl. No. Particulars Page No.

1 Appendix A - Broad Sector-wise Projection: 2020-21

2 Appendix B - Sub Sector-wise Projection: 2020-21

3 Executive Summary i-vii

4 Chapter 1 - State Profile 1-5

5 Chapter 2 - Banking Profile 6-17

Chapter 3 - NABARD’s perception on the development

7 Chapter 4 - Potential Credit Outlay 27-81

8 Chapter 5 - Infrastructure Support 82-90

9 Chapter 6 - High-Tech Agriculture Practices 91-94

10 Annexure I - District-wise, Sector-wise PLP projections 95-96

Annexure II - Agency-wise, Broad sector-wise flow of Ground

12 Annexure III - Critical Infrastructure support to be provided 98-107

Annexure IV - Critical Interventions required in various

14 List of Abbreviations 115-118

Sl. No. Particulars Page No.

Table 1.1 Agro-climatic Sub Zones of Jharkhand 2

Table 1.2 Details of working population in Jharkhand vs all India 3

Table 4.1 Major Vegetables Producing Districts of Jharkhand 37

Table 5.1 Infrastructure Index of Jharkhand 82

Sl. No. Particulars Page No.

Fig. 2.1 Bank branch network in Jharkhand 8

Sl. No. Particulars Page No.

Box 1 Jharkhand at a Glance 1

Broad Sector wise projections 2020-21

Renewable Energy Loan to SHGs/JLGs Social Infrastructure

Term Loan for Agri

Sub-sector wise Projections 2020-21

Sl. Particulars Projections

Sub Total 355.58

2. Theme of the SFP 2020-21

5. Sectoral Trends in Credit Flow

6. Projected Credit Potential for the year 2020-21

7. Sector wise Issues & Suggestions

development of agri-horticulture based sustainable livelihood model (wadi) in the State.

allowing students to pursue professional courses in the State.

In preparation of district wise PLP, emphasis is laid on assessment of critical gaps in

➢ South Chhotanagpur comprising 5 • Districts -24

Table 1.2: Details of working population in Jharkhand vs all India

Particulars Jharkhand India

Table 1.4: Productivity (kg/ha) of major crops of Jharkhand (2015-16 to 2017-18)

CD Ratio of which, of which,

2.2 Banking Profile in Jharkhand

Table 2.1: Performance of Banking Sector in Jharkhand

Sl. Key Business Parameter Position Position National

1 CD With RIDF & place of 60.31 57.33

2.3 Outreach of Banking Sector - Banking Network

Rural Semi-Urban Urban

PSBs Private Banks RRBs Coop. Banks SFBs All Banks

(Fig.2.1: Bank branch network in Jharkhand)

(Fig2.2: ATM network in Jharkhand-Agency wise)

2.4 Ground Level Credit (GLC) flow

2016-17 2017-18 2018-19

2016-17 2017-18 2018-19

2.5 Broad sector-wise GLC flow under Priority Sector

Agriculture 7356.41 3032.59 7682.37 3757.56 8336.59 3824.82

2.6 Agency-wise credit flow to Agriculture

Agency 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19

CBs 5789.11 2506.19 6004.66 3248.01 6081.53 3294.69

2.7 Off-Farm Sector (OFS)/Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME)

Agency 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19