COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE

NATUROPATHIC MEDICINE Yellow poor kidney function; yellow sclera

suggests gallbladder disease
NATUROPATHIC MEDICINE Orange problems metabolizing
carbohydrates and weaknesses in the
 Holistic liver and/or pancreas. Glucose levels
 Whole body health care system based on the belief that should be checked.
the body has the potential to heal itself Red-brown deterioration
 Vis medicatrix naturae (Latin)- mantra Brown poor liver function and “dirty
 Physician’s role is to support the body’s efforts blood”
 Founder: Dr. Benedict Lust (1872-1945) Black dying tissue
 Naturopathy (1892)- “nature disease” (Gk. + Lat)

MAJOR BELIEFS OF NATUROPATHY IRIS RINGS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO PATHOLOGY

1. Disease is a natural part of nature Type Aka Description Condition

2. Promote health and prevent disease Scurf Rim Ring of Dark band skin is not
3. The body will heal itself Purpose around the functioning
iris properly
4. Germs are not the major cause of disease
(perhaps does
5. First, do no harm
not easily
sweat)
NATUROPATHIC DIAGNOSTIC METHODS Stress Rings of Look like neuromuscula
1. TRADITIONAL DIAGNOSTIC METHODS Rings Freedom growth rings r
 Observes the overall look of the patient on a tree tension and
 Taking pulse and blood pressure stress
 Listening to the heart and breathing Lipid Ring Ring of • Heavy • Indicative of
 Take a detailed history- lifestyle and diet Determin white ring arterioscleros
 Standard blood and urine laboratory tests ation partially/ is
 Radiology- diagnostic purposes only not for completely and other CV
covering the problems
treatment
outer • Liver and
edge of the thyroid;
2. BIOTYPES iris increased
 Naturopaths believe that each type has certain • Mostly risk of
characteristics that are related to the risk of found in Parkinson’s
acquiring particular diseases. older people disease
Lymphatic Ring of Tiny ring of lymphatic
TYPE DESCRIPTION CONDITION Rosary Harmony clouds congestion
Ectomorph long and lean prone to around the and swollen
rheumatoid outer iris lymph nodes
arthritis
Endomorphs soft and round more
gallbladder 4. MINERAL ANALYSIS
disorders  Analyzing hair for trace mineral content
Mesomorphs muscular, inclined to suffer  Testing: hair that is cut one and half inches from the
perhaps stocky degenerative scalp; sample is sent to a laboratory for analysis
arthritis
 Hair sample can reveal mineral status and toxic
metal accumulation following long-term or even
3. IRIDOLOGY acute exposure
 Examination of the iris or colored portion of the eye
for markings that supposedly reveal changing 5. BIORESONANCE DIAGNOSIS
conditions of every part and organ of the body  Practice of using an electronic device to measure
the body’s electromagnetic radiation and electric
IRIS COLORS USED FOR DIAGNOSTIC PURPOSES currents
 Theory is that damaged organs and cancer cells
Color Associated Conditions
emit electromagnetic oscillations that are different
Blue-eyed type
increased risk for upper respiratory,
digestive tract, urogenital tract, from healthy cells that a bioresonance device can
lymphatic tissue, joint, kidney and detect this information
adrenal gland imbalances
Mixed-eye type has discolorations (usually light 6. KIRLIAN PHOTOGRAPHY AS DIAGNOSIS
brown) on top of a blue background.  Colorful photographs of images surrounding the
Supposedly has increased risk for body and within the body are made after applying
liver-related problems, digestive high-frequency electrical currents to a patient’s
tract problems and allergies body.
Brown-eyed type Supposedly predisposed to blood  An object is placed in contact with a photographic
disorders and imbalances of plate and connected to a source of high voltage,
minerals. Cautioned to pay attention high frequency, but low current electricity.
to the circulatory system, liver, bone
 The electricity stimulates electrons so they ionize
marrow, spleen, digestive
system and endocrine glands the surrounding air.
EYE MARKINGS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO  Those promoting Kirlian photography say it is
PATHOLOGY photography of the aura, or an electrical field,
surrounding people.
Color Associated Conditions
White area of the body working hard to
“maintain”
Yellow-white area of the body losing a battle
COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE
WHAT ARE THE NATUROPATHIC TREATMENTS? → Details about surgery for various condtions,
postmortem dissections and plastic surgery
1. Balancing the Four Major Body Systems
2. Education and Counseling 3. Ashtanga Hridayam- Acharaya Vagbhata
3. Nutrition
 Places equal emphasis on body, mind, and
4. Botanicals and Traditional Medicines
spirit and strives to restore the innate
5. Energy work, massage, physical therapy, TCM, and
harmony of the individual
bodywork
 To promote healing, life stresses must be
6. Hydrotherapy
alleviated and the natural flow of energy
HOMEOPATHIC MEDICINE within people must be balanced so that the
body’s immune system will be enhanced, thus
HOMEOPATHIC MEDICINE able to defend against disease
 Prana- basic life force in the body
 Developed by German physician and chemist
Christian Friedrich Samuel Hahnemann (1790)
MAIN AYURVEDA PRINCIPLES
 Homeo- similar; Pathos or Pathy- suffering and
1. PRINCIPLE OF INNER BALANCE
disease
→ Includes diet, exercise, positive lifestyle, and
 A holistic and natural system of healing that aims
balancing one’s life (physically, mentally,
to prevent illness as well as treat it
emotionally, and socially)
 Based on the idea that like cures like
→ Both internal and external factors may be
THREE ESSENTIAL PRINCIPLES responsible for upsetting balance within an
individual, thereby upsetting that person’s
 The principle of similars- like cures like constitution
 The principle of infinitesimal dose- the more → Examples that may cause imbalance: diet and
diluted the dose, the more potent its curative food choices, differing seasons and weather,
effects social relationships, and work-related stress
 The principle of specificity of the individual- if the
remedy is to cure, it must match the profileof the 2. PRINCIPLE OF UNIVERSAL COSMOS: FIVE
patient ELEMENTS
→ Five elements/tattwa- form the sum and
HOMEOPATHIC TREATMENTS
substance of the physical universe as well as
 Treatments are minute (diluted) remedies from serve as the building blocks of nature
animal, vegetable, and mineral substances → Tattwa combine to make seven tissues (dhatu)
 Homeopaths believe that the energy or vibrational that give the body its structure
pattern from a homeopathic substance that is
contained in the solution stimulates healing by Element Characteristics
activating the vital force, first identified by Ether  represents space or field in which
Hahnemann (akash) everything happens
 it is the source of all matter and
 Remedies come in a variety of forms: tablets,
represents the distance among
powders, wafers, and liquids in an alcohol base
matter
 Mother of tincture- mixture of alcohol and water Air (vayu)  matter in gaseous form
where plants parts are dissolved. The mixture is  moving and dynamic
left to stand for 2-4 weeks  all energy transfer reactions
 Succession- process of making different potencies require oxygen within the body
by repeatedly diluting with water and alcohol and  required for fire to burn
vigorously shaking it,  has no form
Fire (tejas)  powerful because it can change
solids into liquids and gases
 energy (fire) within our bodies
binds atoms together and changes
food that we eat into fat (stored
energy) and muscle
 responsible for our nervous
reactions, feelings, and even our
thought processes
 has a form but no substance
Water (apa)  liquid state and represents change
 no living thing can survive without
water
 seen as substance but has no
stability
AYURVEDIC MEDICINE Earth  represents solid state of matter
(Prithvi)  represented in our bodies as the
AYURVEDA
bones, teeth, cells, and tissues
 Sanskrit: “science of life”
 considered a stable substance
 Ayur- “life”  manifests stability, permanence
 Veda- “knowledge or science” and rigidity
THREE CLASSIC TEXTS
3. PRINCIPLE OF BODY ENERGIES (DOSHA)
1. Charaka Samhita- 400-200 BCE → Three body doshas
2. Sushruta Samhita- 2,000 years ago by Sushruta  Vata (movement)
(surgeon)  Pitta (transformation)
 Kapha (structure)
COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE
→ Each individual is composed of a combination DISORDERS
of the three, although people have different Flatulence Nerve disorders
ratios of the three doshas Tics Constipation
→ Each combination of doshas (or body Aching joints Mental confusion
constitution) is established at birth Twitches Neurological, muscular
→ Imbalance in the body elements (vata, pitta, and rheumatic disease
kapha)= disease occurs Dry skin and hair
→ Imbalance is termed as Vikruti
→ Seven body types:
 Mono (vata, pitta, or kapha PITTA
predominant)
 Composed of fire and water
 Dual (vata-pitta, pitta-kapha, kapha-
 Located in the small intestine, stomach, sweat
vata)
glands, blood, skin and eyes
 Equal (vata, pitta and kapha in equal
 Governs digestive functions (absorption, nutrition,
proportions)
metabolism, body temperature)

VATA Qualities and Manifestations in the Body

 Composed of space and air Qualities Manifestations in the Body
 Subtle energy associated with movement Liquid Loose liquid stools; soft delicate
 Located in the brain, large intestine, pelvic cavity, muscles; excess urine, sweat, and thirst
bones, skin, ears, and thighs Spreading Rashes, hives, acne, inflammation all
 Governs breathing, blinking muscle and tissue over the body or in certain areas; wants
movement, heartbeat and cellular activity to spread his or her name and fame all
 The most important dosha because it leads the other over the country
doshas Sour Sour acid stomach, acidic pH; sensitive
teeth; excess salivation
Qualities and Manifestations in the Body Bitter Bitter taste in the mouth; nausea;
vomiting; repulsion toward bitter taste;
Qualities Manifestations in the Body cynical
Dry Dry skin, hair lips, and tongue; dry colon, Purgent Heartburn. Burning sensation in
tendency toward constipation; hoarse general; strong feelings of anger and
voice hate
Light Light muscles, bones, thin body frame, Red Red flushed skins, eyes, cheeks, and
scanty sleep; tendency to be underweight nose; red color aggravates
Cold Cold hands and feet; poor circulation; Yellow Yellow eyes, skin, urine, and feces;
hates cold and loves hot; stiffness of jaundice; overproduction of bile; yellow
muscles color aggravates
Rough Rough cracked skin; nails, hair, teeth,
hands, and feet; cracking joints
Subtle Subtle fear, anxiety, and insecurity; fine Summary
goose pimples; minute muscles twitching,
 Dominant pitta body type: medium build
fine tremors; delicate body
Clear Clairvoyant; understands immediately and (mesomorph)
forgets immediately; clear, empty mind;  Generally very intelligent and quick witted, but
experiences void and loneliness may be overly critical
Astringent Dry choking sensation in the throat;  Possess little patience and has a short temper
hiccoughing, burping; love oily foods and
mushy soups; craves sweet, sour, and salty IN BALANCE OUT BALANCE
tastes; tendency toward constipation. Pitta promotes Pitta arouses anger, hatred
understanding and and jealousy. Pittas tend to
Summary intelligence. There is have incomplete digestion;
strong and complete variable, blotchy skin
 Dominant vata body type: thin (ectomorph) digestion, healthy facial color, an unhealthy
 Tendency to have cold hands and feet and hate cold tone and coloration, and appearance; and cognitive
weather stimulated and open reasoning
intellect is impaired
 Predominant vata: quick mind, flexible, creative
 Grasp concepts quickly, but then forget them
DISORDERS
quickly
Inflammatory diseases Boils
 Usually “on the move” Abscesses Ulcers
 Walk, talk and think fast Irritable bowels Hemorrhoids
 Erratic sleeping patterns Diarrhea
 Seek adventuresome activities

IN BALANCE OUT OF BALANCE KAPHA

Vata promotes creativity
and flexibility. Vata types
have normal sleep patterns
Vata types experience
psychological disorder and
various phobias.
Movements for eating,
digestion, and elimination
are disturbed. They have
Disorders insomnia, or
light or interrupted sleep
• Composed of earth and water
• Supplies water for all body parts and systems
• Lubricates joints, moisturizes skin and maintains
immunity
• Energy that forms the body structure and provides
support for bones, muscle, and insulating fat
• Gives people stamina and physical strength
• Located in the chest, lungs, and the spinal flu
COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE
QUALITIES  Avoid iced food or drinks
Heavy Slow Cool  Vary your routine
Oily Liquid Hard  Avoid fatty, oily food
Soft Dense Static  Eat light, dry, food
Viscous Cloudy Slimy  No daytime naps
Sweet Salty General Summary

 Dosha-specific natural diet custom suited for you

SUMMARY  Therapeutic nutritional supplements
 Healing botanical herbs and spices
• Body type: heavy bones, muscles and  Detoxification of accumulated toxins
fat(endomorph)  Ayurvedic bodywork and massage
• Tendency to be overweight  Rejuvenation therapy to delay aging and promote
• Slow metabolism and digestion energy
• Cool and clammy skin
 Yoga
• Big and liquid looking eyes
 Daily routines
• Thick and wavy hair
 Understanding of a healthy lifestyle
• Slow to pick up new ideas but have great long-term
memories SIX MAJOR TREATMENT CONCEPTS
• Slow to start new projects
• Tend to be slow at everything they do NAME DESCRIPTION
• Move slowly, eat slowly, act slowly, think slowly, Shodhanam Cleansing
slow to anger Shamanam Balancing
• Forgiving, loving, compassionate Pathya vyavastha Prescription of diet and activity
• Easygoing, laid back and relaxed Nidan parivarjan Avoidance of disease-causing and
aggravating factors
IN BALANCE OUT BALANCE Rasayana Rejuvenation
This is expressed as love, This may lead to Satvajaya Mental hygiene/pscyhotherapy
calmness and forgiveness. attachment, greed and
They appear strong envy. They appear dull
and calm and lethargic HERBS OR PLANTS USED

HERBS USES
DISORDERS Cumin  Aid digestion
 Flushes toxins out of the body
• Respiratory problems Gotu Kola  Promotes wound healing and slow
o Asthma progress of leprosy
o Allergy  Reputed to prolong life, increase
o Sinusitis energy and enhance sexual potency
Turmeric  Active ingredient: curcumin
4. PRINCIPLE OF DISEASE CAUSATION  Anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, and
• Mental factors antibacterial properties
• Lifestyle habits
• Dosha imbalance TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE
• Metabolic toxins
 Origin- 2,800 years ago
DIAGNOSTIC METHODS  Originally termed Zhong Yi
 Determination of Dosha type  Zhong- Zhong Guo (Central country: China)
 Health and family history and physical examination  Yi- Medicine
o Pulse diagnostic technique  Daoism
o Tongue diagnostic technique  Huangdi Neijing
o Facial diagnostic technique  Yellow Emperor’s Canon of Internal Medicine
 Yellow Emperor’s Inner Canon
THERAPIES  Physiology, pathology, prevention, diagnosis,
meridian theory, acupuncture and other
 Main goal: maintain Prakruti (balanced dosha
treatments
constitution) and focus on healing Vikruti (imbalanced
dosha constitution)  TCM is based on a holistic approach to healthcare
 Four main theories of TCM
TYPES GENERAL GUIDELINES FOR BALANCING 1) Theory of qi (chi)
Vata  Keep warm 2) Meridian theory
 Keep calm 3) Theory of yin-yang
 Avoid cold, frozen, or raw foods 4) Theory of the five elements
 Avoid extreme cold
 Eat warm foods and spices THEORY OF QI (CHI)
 Keep a regular routine
 Get plenty of rest
 Vital breath, vital life force, life force, vital power,
Pitta  Avoid excessive heat
 Avoid excessive oil moving power
 Avoid excessive steam  Energy manifests simultaneously on a spiritual as
 Limit salt intake well as on a physical level
 Eat cooling, non-spicy food  Force that animates humans as well as the entire
 Exercise during the cooler part of universe, and it unites the heavens and earth
the day  Flows along the surface of the body and through
Kapha  Get plenty of exercise the body’s organs
 Avoid heavy food  To treat diseases: one way is to overcome
 Keep active
COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE
 blockages in the circulation of qi
 Two main sources
 Inherited from parents
 External form from air and food we eat
 Believed to flow through the body by way or
 channels or meridians, that corresponds to
 particular organs or organ system
THEORY OF MERIDIANS
• Channels in which qi flow throughout the body
 both externally and internally
• 12 major meridians= linked to 12 vital organs
• 6 minor meridians
THEORY OF FIVE ELEMENTS
• Stages of seasonal cycle
• Described as movements
• Interrelationship among the five elements
TYPE DESCRIPTION
Wood type slender and tall body shape
Fire type pointed head and chin, small hands,
with curly or a small amount of hair
Metal type square and broad shoulders, strong
bodytype, and a triangle-shaped face
Earth type large head, larger body and belly,
strong legs and a wide jaw
Water type round face and body with a longer
than normal torso

DIAGNOSTIC METHODS
• Observation of the patient
• Tongue diagnosis
• Pulse diagnosis
• Eight Guiding Principles
o Yin/yang
o Cold/heat
THEORY OF YIN AND YANG o Deficiency/excess energy, blood or
• Basis of ancient Chinese philosophy and has been fluids
applied to TCM thought and practice o Interior/Exterior
• Everything is composed of two opposing energies – • Medical History
yin and yang
• Yin and yang are in a constant state of dynamic TREATMENT MODALITIES
balance
• Acupuncture and Acupressure
• There is no absolute yang or absolute yin
• Chinese Herbal Medicine Therapy
YIN YANG • Chinese Massage Therapy
CHARACTERSIITCS CHARACTERISTICS • Chinese Diet and Exercise Therapy
Earth Heaven
Female Male ACUPUNCTURE
Matter Energy
• Insertion of stainless steel needles into the
Darkness Light
skin at specific points in the body
Shade Brightness
(acupuncture points) to affect the flow qi
Cold Warm
Winter Summer (energy) through the body channels or
Passive Active meridians
Sweet Salty • Needle range: 0.16 mm to 0.38mm thick
• Conical tip- allows it to penetrate tissues
• Reflected in medicine as the opposing yin- separating muscle fiber without causing
yang of human body structure, the opposing damage
yin-yan character of organs, and the opposing METHODS DESCRIPTION
yin-yan symptoms that occur with illness Electroacupuncture mild electrical pulses are
• If there is yin-yang imbalance, disease occurs relayed via acupuncture
needles to various trigger
YIN ORGANS YANG ORGANS
points in the skin
Lung Large intestine
Trigger point needles are inserted at a
Spleen Stomach
acupuncture location that is distant from
Kidney Bladder
the affected organ or body
Heart Small intestine
part. Qi energy is channeled
Liver Gallblader
through the
nerves
Laser acupuncture rays or laser beams are
used in place of the
acupuncture needles to
facilitate the
trigger point
Moxibustion • Heat is used at
acupuncture points
• Artemisia (mugwort),
type of chrysanthemum
Cupping • A round glass cup is
heated and kept upside
COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE
down over an area of attacks and harmonize the upper and
the body, creating a lower body
vacuum that will keep Ginger aid digestion, neutralize poison in
the cup attached to the food, and counteract nausea; RA, OA,
skin joint and muscle pain
• Purpose: promote Ma-huang asthma: ephedrine,pseudoephedrine
blood circulation or
energy and to open skin
pores so that toxins are CHINESE MASSAGE THERAPY
flushed out
→ Oriental body therapy
Injection sterile water, saline,
procaine, morphine, THERAPY DESCRIPTION
or vitamins are injected Tuina/ tui na manipulation and mobilization of
into the meridian points soft tissue
Earlobe needling needles or staples are used Focus stimulate or subdue qi energy in
in ear acupuncture points the body
and bring the patient’s body back
into balance
Side Effects
• Bleeding rarely occurs FOUR STYLES
• Infection is minimized through the recommended
use of sterile disposable needles STYLES DESCRIPTION
• Allergic reaction to stainless steel needles is also Rolling for joint and soft tissue problems,
rare method insomnia, migraines and HB
• Pain, nausea, dizziness and fainting vary by pressure
patient One-finger • Similar to deep tissue work
method massage (Shiatsu)
• Treatment is usually painless or slightly painful
• Practitioners push points
• Some patients report that their symptoms (tsubo) along the meridian
temporarily increased rather than decreased after with the tip of the thumb or
acupuncture finger
• Possibility of inflammation of the cartilage • Supposed to help with
(chondritis) and organ puncture exist, although chronic and internal
they are rare problems, pediatric patients
and gynecological problems
ACUPRESSURE Nei gung utilizes nei gong qi energy
Method exercises and specific massage
• Uses a finger to find key points (trigger points)
methods to revitalize depleted
on the surface of the body
energy systems
• Objective is to promote flow of qi energy to Bone-setting specializes in joint injuries and
stimulate the body’s immune system Method nerve pain
CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINE THERAPY
• Traditional CHM is the study and use of plants CHINESE DIET AND EXERCISE THERAPY
and plant parts  Diet therapy
• Different parts of plants are brewed, stewed, → Identifies food as having yin and yang,
and squeezed to make medicine warming and cooling, and drying and
• Not one herb but a combination of herbs moistening properties
mixed together that achieves the desired effect
• Decoction (concentrated tea or soup)-  Exercise Therapy (Qigong and Tai Chi Ch’uan)
traditional way to prepare herbal medicine • Qigong- intended to regulate the mind and
breathing
PREPARATION o Internal qigong- used to maintain
health by regulating qi and
• Decoction (concentrated tea or soup)- harmonizing the internal energy of the
traditional way to prepare herbal medicine body
• Granulated herbs or highly concentrated o External qigong- used by practitioner
powdered extracts to transfer qi to another person for
• Premade formulas healing purposes
o Consists of 4-20 herbs mixed • Tai chi- originates from martial arts, complete
according to formula with self-defense applications
o Pills, tablets, capsules, powders,
alcohol or water extracts
• Paste- applied to the skin

HERBS USES
Astragalus used to support and enhance the
immune system
Cinnamon improve circulation, reduce allergy