Week 5 6

Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Schools Division of CEBU PROVINCE
CONSOLACION DISTRICT 1
TEACHER MADE LEARNER’S HOME TASK
School: CONSOLACION NHS-EC(SHS) Date:

Grade/Section: 11- GAS Subject Area: Philippine Politics and Governance
Time Allotment:
I. MELC: Week 5-6 Analyze the relationship among nations and states
in the context of globalization
II. Objective/s:
Knowledge: Define and differentiate nation from the state

Skills: Explain the components and origin of the state
Values/Attitude: Show enthusiasm in doing the activities
III. Subject Matter: STATES, NATIONS & GLOBALIZATION
References: Philippine Politics and Governance book JFS Publishing Services

Philippine Politics and Governance – Grade 11 Alternative Delivery
Mode Quarter 1 – Module 1: Introduction: The Concepts of Politics and
Governance First Edition, 2020
IV. Procedure:
A. Readings
CONCEPT OF STATE
State taken from the Latin stare (to stand), a state is a political community that
occupies a definite territory; having an organized government with the authority to
make and enforce laws without the consent of a higher authority. It is also defined as
a self-governing political entity. The term state can be used interchangeably with the
country.
ELEMENTS OF STATE
1. People – also known as population or inhabitants.

2. Territory – refers to the portion of the earth which composed of aerial (air space
above), fluvial (waters around and connecting the islands of the archipelago) and
terrestrial (landmass) domains.
3. Sovereignty – refers to supreme and absolute power within its territorial
boundaries.
Types of sovereignty:
a. Internal is the power of the state to rule within its territory.
b. External is the freedom of the state to carry out its activities without subjection
to or control by other states.
Characteristics of Sovereignty
a. Sovereignty is absolute from the legal point of view.
b. Sovereignty is permanent.
c. Sovereignty of the state is universal.
d. Sovereignty is inalienable.
e. Sovereignty cannot be divided between or shared by plurality.
Address: DepEd Cebu Province, IPHO Bldg., Sudlon, Lahug, Cebu City
Telephone Nos.: 032-2556405
Email Address: cebu.province@deped.gov.ph ; depedcebuprovince@yahoo.com
Website: www.depedcebuprovince.com
f. Sovereignty is exclusive.
4. Government – refers to the institution or agency or instrumentalities through which

the state maintains social order, provide public services, and enforces binding
decisions.
FORMS OF GOVERNMENT
1. Distribution of Power
a. UNITARY Government Power is held by one central authority. Example:
Philippines, Denmark, Italy, Finland, Peru, Rwanda.
b. CONFEDERATION. It is a voluntary association of independent states that
often only delegate a few powers to the central government. Weak or loose
organization of states agrees to follow a powerful central government.
Examples: The Commonwealth of Independent states (CIS) formerly known
as the Soviet Union, Switzerland’s canton system.
c. FEDERAL Government Power is divided between one central and several
regional authorities. Example: Malaysia, USA, Nigeria, Australia.
2. Citizen Participation
a. Autocracy. Form of government wherein one person possesses unlimited
power. The citizen has limited, if any, role in government. The leader is from
a family or from a social class or from a strong party.
b. Oligarchy. It is the government by the few. Sometimes a small group
exercises control, especially for corrupt and selfish purposes. The group gets
its power from military power, social power, wealth, religion or a
combination. In here, the citizen has a very limited role. Thus, political
opposition is usually suppressed-sometimes violently.
c. Democracy. It is a government based on the consent of the governed. The
people are the sovereign, thus, they hold the highest political authority.
Citizens have freedom to criticize their leaders because they are the one who
elected them in the position. People have a high degree of participation in
every government processes.
Democracy has 2 forms:

a. Indirect democracy or representative democracy is a form of democratic
government wherein the people directly elect their leaders who will
govern them and perform governmental function.
b. Direct democracy is a form of government wherein the people will
convene in a mass assembly and directly formulate and expressed the
will of the state.
3. Legitimacy
a. De jure. It is a form of government wherein it has the peoples’ support and
possess constitutional mandate. Therefore, it is a legitimate government.
b. De facto. It is a form of government supported by the people but no
constitutional mandate or legal support.
4. Executive and Legislative Relationship.

a. Presidential. A form of government in which executive branch exists
separately from the legislature. The president is constitutionally
independent of the legislature because they are elected directly by the
people.
b. Parliamentary. A form of government in which members of an executive

branch are nominated to their positions by a legislature or parliament, and
are directly responsible to it. The members of executive branch are also
members of the parliament or the legislature.
An Independent State
- Has space or territory which has internationally recognized boundaries
(boundary disputes are okay)
- Has people who live there on an ongoing basis.
- Has economic activity and an organized economy. A country regulates
foreign trade and domestic trade and issues money.
- Has the power of social engineerings, such as education.
- Has a transportation system for moving goods and services.
- Has sovereignty. No other state should have power over the country’s
territory.
- Has external recognition. A country has been “voted into the club” by other
countries.
ORIGINS OF THE STATE

1. Evolutionary Theory - States evolved from family units. The families grew
into a large extended family that heads of the family served as a
government. Eventually evolved into tribal councils with a hierarchy of
authority.
2. Force Theory – Governments, emerged when people brought under the
control of some power. States emerged from the conquest of other families
or tribes.
3. Divine Right – Belief that kings are chosen to rule the ancient state by a
deity examples include Egyptians and Aztecs. In 15th Century Europe, the
idea is used by royalty as the justification for the absolute domination,
therefore, to question the king was not only treason but seen as a sin
against God.
4. Social Contract – It existed during the 17th Century & the Age of
Enlightenment.
POWERS OF STATE
1. Police Power – power of the state to regulate freedoms and property rights
of individuals for the protection of public safety, health, and morals or the
promotion of public convenience and general prosperity. This is because
the Welfare of the people is the supreme law.
2. Eminent Domain – power to take private property for public use upon
payment of just compensation. It is exercised through national or local
government and private persons or corporations authorized to exercise
functions of public character.
3. Taxation – power to impose tax on individuals and properties to support
the government.
- TAX – lifeblood of government
- UNIFORM TAXATION – persons or things belonging to the same class
shall be taxed at the same rate
- EQUITABLE TAXATION – tax burden must be imposed according to the
taxpayers capacity to pay
- PROGRESSIVE TAXATION – as the resources of the taxpayer becomes
higher his rates likewise increase.
CONCEPT OF NATION
Nation is the social construction of a collective identity. It is an imagined

political community that is imagined as both inherently limited and
sovereign. It is also defined as a group of people who share the same history,
geography, language, customs and sometimes religion.
Distinction between the State and Nation (Murali, et.al. 2005)
State Nation
- Exited not only at present -Modern phenomenon
but also in the ancient period
- It is legal political. - It is racial cultural.
- People organized for law within - People psychologically joined
a definite territory. together with common will to live
together
- A state must be sovereign. - People continue as a nation even if
they do not remain sovereign
- Inhabited by heterogenous groups - Inhabited by homogenous groups
of people of people.
CONCEPT OF GLOBALIZATION
Globalization also known as Global industrialism is a process of forging
international political, economic, religious, and socio-cultural
interconnections. The concept of sovereign nation-state is increasingly
being challenged by globalization.
B. Exercises for skill subjects / Analysis questions using HOTS for content subjects.
ACTIVITY NO. 5-6.1
Directions: Identify countries and try to find whether they are nation-states as well.
JAPAN NEW ZEALAND AUSTRIA ARGENTINA
USA CANADA MEXICO RUSSIA
KUWAIT SPAIN MOROCCO JORDAN
PHILIPPINES MALAYSIA INDIA THAILAND
COUNTRY (NATION-STATE) EXPLANATION
ACTIVITY NO. 5-6.2
Directions: Collect ‘national symbols’ (1 or 2) or ‘nationalistic items’ (1 or 2) of your country,

or of another country you are interested. Briefly, explain in two sentences.
Explanation
Explanation
PICTURE
C. Assessment/Application:
ACTIVITY NO. 5-6.3
Directions: Write a word or a phrase that relates to GLOBALIZATION which begins with each
letter.
A B C D
E F G H
I J K L
M N O P
Q R S T
U V W X
Y Z
Prepared by:
BABY JEAN S. LLANOS

SHS Teacher
Checked/Verified by:
GARNET G. POSAS
Teacher-In-Charge

Week 5 6

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Republic of the Philippines

TEACHER MADE LEARNER’S HOME TASK

School: CONSOLACION NHS-EC(SHS) Date:

Knowledge: Define and differentiate nation from the state

III. Subject Matter: STATES, NATIONS & GLOBALIZATION

References: Philippine Politics and Governance book JFS Publishing Services

1. People – also known as population or inhabitants.

4. Government – refers to the institution or agency or instrumentalities through which

Democracy has 2 forms:

4. Executive and Legislative Relationship.

b. Parliamentary. A form of government in which members of an executive

ORIGINS OF THE STATE

Nation is the social construction of a collective identity. It is an imagined

Distinction between the State and Nation (Murali, et.al. 2005)

ACTIVITY NO. 5-6.1

JAPAN NEW ZEALAND AUSTRIA ARGENTINA

USA CANADA MEXICO RUSSIA

KUWAIT SPAIN MOROCCO JORDAN

PHILIPPINES MALAYSIA INDIA THAILAND

COUNTRY (NATION-STATE) EXPLANATION

ACTIVITY NO. 5-6.2

Directions: Collect ‘national symbols’ (1 or 2) or ‘nationalistic items’ (1 or 2) of your country,

ACTIVITY NO. 5-6.3

BABY JEAN S. LLANOS

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