GOOD AFTERNOON

11-STEM
APRIL 19, 2022
Learning Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the students are expected
to:

1. Derive the differentiation rules for exponential

and logarithmic functions.

2. Apply the differentiation rules in computing the

derivative of an exponential and logarithmic
functions. STEM_BC11D-IIIf3
Review:

Describe the step – by –

step implicit
differentiation process.
WARM-UP
ACTIVITY:
 Advance
Differentiation Rules
(Exponential and Logarithmic Functions)
Advance Differentiation Rules

What is an exponential function?

An exponential function is defined as a function
with a positive constant other than 1 raised to a
variable exponent.

What is logarithmic function?

A logarithmic function is a function of the form.
which is read “ y equals the log of x, base b” or “ y
equals the log, base b, of x.” In both forms, x > 0 and b
> 0, b ≠ 1. There are no restrictions on y.
Advance Differentiation Rules
Properties of Exponential Functions

𝒂𝒙 𝒆𝒙
𝑎0 = 1 𝑒0 = 1

𝑎1 = 𝑎 𝑒1 = 𝑒

𝑎 𝑥 · 𝑎 𝑦 = 𝑎 𝑥+𝑦 𝑒 𝑥 · 𝑒 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥+𝑦

𝑎𝑥 𝑥−𝑦
𝑒𝑥 𝑥−𝑦
= 𝑎 = 𝑒
𝑎𝑦 𝑒𝑦

𝑎𝑥 𝑟
= 𝑎𝑟𝑥 𝑒𝑥 𝑟
= 𝑒 𝑟𝑥
Advance Differentiation Rules
Properties of Logarithmic Functions
𝒍𝒏𝒙
𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒂 𝒙
log 𝑒 𝑥 = ln 𝑥
log 𝑎 1 = 0
ln 1 = 0
log 𝑎 𝑎 = 1
ln 𝑒 = 1
log 𝑎 (𝑥 · 𝑦) = log 𝑎 𝑥 + log 𝑎 𝑦
ln(𝑥 · 𝑦) = ln 𝑥 + ln 𝑦
𝑥
log 𝑎 = log 𝑎 𝑥 − log 𝑎 𝑦
𝑦 𝑥
ln = ln 𝑥 − ln 𝑦
𝑦
𝑟 log 𝑎 𝑥 = log 𝑎 𝑥 𝑟
𝑟 ln 𝑥 = ln 𝑥 𝑟
Advance Differentiation Rules
Properties of Logarithmic Functions

General case:
log 𝑎 𝑎 𝑥 = 𝑥

𝑎 log 𝑎 𝑥 = 𝑥

Special case:
ln 𝑒 𝑥 = 𝑥

𝑒 𝑙𝑛𝑥 = 𝑥
Advance Differentiation Rules
Differentiation Rules of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions

𝑑 𝑑
1. 𝑎𝑢 = 𝑎𝑢 ln 𝑎 𝑑𝑥 𝑢 , a is a constant
𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑢 𝑢 𝑑
2. 𝑑𝑥
𝑒 = 𝑒
𝑑𝑥
𝑢

𝑑 1 𝑑
3. 𝑑𝑥
(log 𝑎 𝑢) = 𝑢 ln 𝑎 𝑑𝑥 𝑢

𝑑 1 𝑑
4. 𝑑𝑥
ln 𝑢 = 𝑢 𝑑𝑥
𝑢
Differentiation Rules of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
𝑑 𝑑
Examples: 𝑎𝑢 = 𝑎𝑢 ln 𝑎 𝑑𝑥 𝑢
𝑑𝑥

1𝑥
1. 𝑦 = 2𝑥 2. 𝑦 = 53𝑦 3. 𝑦 =
2
𝑑
𝑑 𝑦′ = 53𝑦 ln 5 3𝑦
𝑦′ = 2𝑥 ln 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 1𝑥 1 𝑑
𝑦′ = ln 𝑥
2 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑦 ′ = 53𝑦 ln 5 (3)
𝑦′ = 2𝑥 ln 2 1 1𝑥 1
′
𝑦 = ln 2 1
2
𝑦 ′ = (3)(53𝑦 )(ln 5)
𝑦′ = 2𝑥 ln 2
1𝑥 1
𝑦′ = ln
2 2
Differentiation Rules of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
Examples: 𝑑 𝑑
𝑢
𝑒 =𝑒 𝑢 𝑢
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
4. 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥 5. 𝑦 = 𝑒 3𝑥

′
𝑦 = 𝑥 𝑑
𝑒 𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑑
𝑦′ = 𝑒 3𝑥 3𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑦′ = 𝑒 𝑥 1
𝑦′ = 𝑒 3𝑥 3
𝑦′ = 𝑒 𝑥
𝑦′ = 3𝑒 3𝑥
Differentiation Rules of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
Examples: 𝑑 1 𝑑
(log 𝑎 𝑢) = 𝑢
𝑑𝑥 𝑢 ln 𝑎 𝑑𝑥
6. 𝑦 = log 5 𝑥 7. 𝑦 = log 3 4𝑥

1 𝑑 1 𝑑
𝑦′ = 𝑥 𝑦′ = 4𝑥
𝑥 ln 5 𝑑𝑥 4𝑥 ln 3 𝑑𝑥

′ 1 ′ 1
𝑦 = 𝑥 ln 5
1 𝑦 = 4𝑥 ln 3
4

1 4
𝑦′ = 𝑦′ =
𝑥 ln 5 4𝑥 ln 3

′ 1
𝑦 = 𝑥 ln 3
Differentiation Rules of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
Examples: 𝑑 1 𝑑
ln 𝑢 = 𝑢
𝑑𝑥 𝑢 𝑑𝑥

8. 𝑦 = ln 𝑥 9. 𝑦 = ln(5𝑥 2 + 3)

𝑑 ′ 1 𝑑
𝑦′ = ln 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑦 = 5𝑥 2 + 3
5𝑥 2 +3 𝑑𝑥

1
𝑦 ′ = ln 𝑥 1 ′
𝑦 = 2 (10)
5𝑥 +3

𝑦 ′ = ln 𝑥 10
𝑦′ = 5𝑥 2 +3
Differentiation Rules of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
Examples: 11. 𝑦 =
𝑥
ln 𝑥
10. 𝑦 = 𝑥𝑒 2𝑥 𝑑 𝑑
ln 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥 −𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ln 𝑥
𝑦′ =
𝑑 2𝑥 d (ln 𝑥)2
𝑦′ = 𝑥 𝑒 +𝑒 2𝑥
x
𝑑𝑥 dx
1 𝑑
ln 𝑥 (1)−𝑥 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥
𝑦′ =𝑥 𝑒 2𝑥 𝑑
2𝑥 + 𝑒 2𝑥 1 𝑦′ =
𝑑𝑥 (ln 𝑥)2

1
𝑦′ =𝑥 𝑒 2𝑥 (2) + 𝑒 2𝑥 ln 𝑥 −𝑥
𝑦′ = (ln 𝑥)2
𝑥

𝑦 ′ = 𝑥 2𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝑒 2𝑥
𝑥
ln 𝑥 − 𝑥
𝑦′ =
𝑦′ = 2𝑥𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝑒 2𝑥 (ln 𝑥)2
ln 𝑥 −1
𝑦′ = (ln 𝑥)2
Differentiation Rules of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
Examples:
1
12. 𝑦 = 5 − 2𝑒 3𝑥 2
−6𝑒 3𝑥
1 −
1
𝑑 𝑦′ =
𝑦′ = 5 − 2𝑒 3𝑥 2
(5 − 2𝑒 3𝑥 ) 1
2
1
𝑑𝑥 2 5 − 2𝑒 3𝑥 2
1 − 𝑑 𝑑
𝑦′ = 2
5 − 2𝑒 3𝑥 2 [0 − (2 𝑑𝑥 𝑒 3𝑥 + 𝑒 3𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2)]
1 1
3𝑥 −2 3𝑥 𝑑 −3𝑒 3𝑥
𝑦′ = 2
5 − 2𝑒 −2 𝑒 𝑑𝑥 3𝑥 + 0 𝑦′ =
1 1
−2
5 − 2𝑒 3𝑥
𝑦′ = 5 − 2𝑒 3𝑥 −2 3𝑒 3𝑥
2
1
1
𝑦′ = 2
5 − 2𝑒 3𝑥 −2 −6𝑒 3𝑥
1
𝑦′ = 1 −6𝑒 3𝑥
2 5−2𝑒 3𝑥 2
Differentiation Rules of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
Examples:
𝑒 2𝑥 +1
13. 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥 −1

𝑑 𝑑
𝑒 𝑥 −1 𝑑𝑥 𝑒 2𝑥 +1 − 𝑒 2𝑥 +1 𝑑𝑥 𝑒 𝑥 −1
𝑦′ =
𝑒 𝑥 −1 2

𝑒 𝑥 −1 (2𝑒 2𝑥 )− 𝑒 2𝑥 +1 𝑒 𝑥
𝑦′ =
𝑒 𝑥 −1 2

2𝑒 3𝑥 −2𝑒 2𝑥 −𝑒 3𝑥 −𝑒 𝑥
𝑦′ = 𝑒 𝑥 −1 2

𝑒 3𝑥 − 2𝑒 2𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑥
𝑦′ =
𝑒𝑥 − 1 2
Differentiation Rules of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
Examples: 2 𝑥
𝑦 = ln 4𝑥 + 2 − ln 𝑥 − 1 ln = ln 𝑥 − ln 𝑦
𝑦
4𝑥+2
14. 𝑦 = ln 𝑦 = ln 4𝑥 + 2 − 2 ln(𝑥 − 1) 𝑟 ln 𝑥 = ln 𝑥 𝑟
𝑥−1 2

𝑑 𝑑
𝑦′ = 𝑑𝑥 [ln(4𝑥 + 2)] − 2 𝑑𝑥 [ln 𝑥 − 1 ]

1 1
𝑦′ = 4 − 2
4𝑥+2 𝑥−1

4 2
𝑦′ = −
4𝑥+2 𝑥−1

−2𝑥 − 4
𝑦′ =
2𝑥 + 1 𝑥 − 1
Differentiation Rules of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
Examples: 𝑦 = log 𝑥 + log 𝑥 − 2 3
log 𝑎 (𝑥 · 𝑦) = log 𝑎 𝑥 + log 𝑎 𝑦
15. 𝑦 = log 𝑥 𝑥 − 2 3
𝑦 = log 𝑥 + 3log(𝑥 − 2) 𝑟 log 𝑎 𝑥 = log 𝑎 𝑥 𝑟
′ 𝑑 𝑑
𝑦 = log 𝑥 + 3 𝑑𝑥 [log(𝑥 − 2)]
𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑑
𝑦′ = log 𝑥 + 3 𝑑𝑥 [log(𝑥 − 2)]
𝑑𝑥

1 1
𝑦 ′ = 𝑥 ln 10 + 3 𝑥−2 ln 10

1 3
𝑦′ = + 𝑥−2 ln 10
𝑥 ln 10

4𝑥 − 2
𝑦′ =
(𝑥 ln 10)(𝑥 − 2)
 GENERALIZATION

Reflect on the given passage below:

“If people do not believe that

Mathematics is simple, it is only
because they do not realize how
complicated life is.”