LOGARITHMIC

FUNCTIONS
TARGETED LEARNING OUTCOME
Demonstrate the operations for exponential
and logarithmic functions.
Learning Objectives
Perform the different operations for
logarithmic functions
Logarithmic Function
Logarithmic functions are the inverses of exponential functions. The inverse of the
exponential function y = bx is x = by.
Exercises 𝒍𝒐𝒈 𝒃 𝒙= 𝒚 𝒙=𝒃
𝒚

𝑊𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑡h𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡h𝑚𝑖𝑐 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚:

1. 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 81= 4 81=3
4

1 1 −3
2. 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 = −3 =10
1000 1000
𝑊𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑡h𝑒 𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡h𝑚𝑖𝑐 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚:
1
4
3. 81 =3 1
𝑙𝑜𝑔81 3=
4
3
2
4. 9 = 27
Exercises 𝒍𝒐𝒈 𝒃 𝒙= 𝒚 𝒙=𝒃
𝒚

Find the value of the logarithm

1 1 −2
1. 𝑙𝑜𝑔 1 ¿𝑦 2. 𝑙𝑜𝑔128 =¿
3
9 4 7
𝒍𝒐𝒈 𝒃 𝒙= 𝒚

𝒙=𝒃
𝒚
3. 𝑙𝑜𝑔8 64=¿ 2
=(
−1 −1
=( 4.𝑙𝑜𝑔 216 6 = ¿
3
𝟏
𝒍𝒐𝒈 𝟏 =𝟐
𝟑
𝟗
Exercises
Find the value of thelogarithm :
2 3 2 3
1 .𝑙𝑛 𝑒 +𝑙𝑛𝑒 =¿ ln ⁡(𝑒 𝑒 )
5
¿ ln 𝑒
𝒙
𝐥𝐧 𝒆 =𝒙
𝟓
𝒍𝒏 𝒆 =𝟓
500
2 . log 500 − log5=¿ ¿ log 5
¿ log 100
𝑙𝑜𝑔10 100= 𝑦
𝒚 =𝟐
Exercises
𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑡h𝑒 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 :
log ( 3 𝑥 +1 ) − log ( 3+ 𝑥 )= log ⁡( 3 𝑥 − 2)
2

log ⁡(3 𝑥 ¿¿ 2+1)− log ( 3+ 𝑥 ) −log ( 3 𝑥 − 2 )=0 ¿

( 3 𝑥 ¿¿ 2+1)
𝑙𝑜𝑔 =0 ¿
(3 𝑥 +1)( 3 𝑥 −2)
== 1
=1

2
0=6 𝑥 − 3 𝑥 −3
0=3 (2 𝑥+1)( 𝑋 −1)
𝑋 =− 1/ 2 𝑋 =1
Exercises
𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑡h𝑒 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 :
−1
1. 𝑙𝑜𝑔8 𝑥 =𝑙𝑜𝑔8 10
1
𝑥=
10
−1
2. 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 2 =𝑥

𝑥=−1
3. 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥 4+𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 2=1

𝑥=8