Pure Mathematics

Revision Worksheet – 1
Topic
Surds, Indices, Logarithm

Assignment
Topic
Coordinate Geometry
 Formula Sheet for Surds, Indices, Logarithm

Surds

1 √𝑥 2 𝑦 2 𝑧 = 𝑥𝑦√𝑧, eg. √180 = √32 × 22 × 5 = 3 × 2 × √5

3
2 𝒙 = √𝑥 2 , 𝒙 = √𝑥 3

𝑎 √𝑎
3 √𝑎 × 𝑏 = √𝑎 × √𝑏 4 √𝑏 =
√𝑏
𝑏 𝑏 √𝑥 𝑏 √𝑥 𝑐 𝑐 𝑐(√𝑚+√𝑛)
= × = √𝑚+√𝑛
5 √𝑥 √𝑥 √𝑥 𝑥 6 = × =
√𝑚−√𝑛 √𝑚−√𝑛 √𝑚+√𝑛 𝑚−𝑛

7 √𝑎 + 𝑏 ≠ √𝑎 + √𝑏 8 √𝑎 − 𝑏 ≠ √𝑎 − √𝑏

Indices
𝑎𝑚
1 𝑎𝑚 × 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎𝑚+𝑛 2 = 𝑎𝑚−𝑛
𝑎𝑛

𝑎𝑚 𝑎 𝑚
3 𝑎𝑚 × 𝑏 𝑚 = (𝑎 × 𝑏)𝑚 4 = (𝑏 )
𝑏𝑚

5 (𝑎𝑚 )𝑛 = 𝑎𝑚𝑛 6 𝑎0 = 1

1 𝑎 −𝑛 𝑎𝑚
7 𝑎−𝑛 = 𝑎𝑛 8 =
𝑎 −𝑚 𝑎𝑛
1 𝑚 𝑚
𝑛 𝑛
9 𝑎𝑛 = √𝑎
𝑛 10 √𝑎𝑚 = 𝑎 𝑛 = ( √𝑎)

11 (𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑚 ≠ 𝑎𝑚 + 𝑏 𝑚 , eg. (𝑎 + 𝑏)2 = 𝑎2 + 2𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏 2

𝑎 −𝑚 𝑏 𝑚
12 ( ) =( )
𝑏 𝑎
Logarithm

Logarithmic form: log 𝑎 𝑁 = 𝑝 𝑁 > 0, 𝑎 > 0, 𝑎≠1

1
Index form: 𝑎𝑃 = 𝑁
𝑥
2 log 𝑎 𝑥 + log 𝑎 𝑦 = log 𝑎 𝑥𝑦 3 log 𝑎 𝑥 − log 𝑎 𝑦 = log 𝑎
𝑦

1
4 log 𝑎 𝑥 𝑘 = 𝑘 log 𝑎 𝑥 5 log 𝑎 = − log 𝑎 𝑥
𝑥

log 𝑏 1
6 log 𝑎 𝑏 = log𝑐 𝑎 7 log 𝑎 𝑏 = log
𝑐 𝑏𝑎

8 log 𝑎 𝑎 = 1 9 log 𝑎 1 = 0

10 lg 𝑥 = log10 𝑥 11 ln 𝑥 = log 𝑒 𝑥

𝑀2 𝑃4
12 Single logarithm: 2 log 𝑎 𝑀 − 3 log 𝑎 𝑁 + 4 log 𝑎 𝑃 = log 𝑎 𝑁3

13 𝑒 𝑙𝑛 𝑥 = 𝑥
 Formula Sheet for Coordinate Geometry

(i) Length 𝐴𝐵 = √(𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2

𝑞
𝑥 +𝑥 𝑦 +𝑦 𝐵 (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 )
(ii) Midpoint = ( 1 2 2 , 1 2 2) •
𝑝 𝑃
𝑦2 −𝑦1
(iii) Gradient = 𝑥2 −𝑥1

𝑝𝑥2 +𝑞𝑥1 𝑝𝑦2 +𝑞𝑦1 𝐴 (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 )

(iv) Co-ordinates of 𝑃 = ( 𝑝+𝑞
, 𝑝+𝑞 )

(v) Equation of 𝐴𝐵, 𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥1 )

∎ To find gradient:

Case-1: Case-2: Case-3:

𝐵 (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 )
2

3 •
𝐴 (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) 𝐴

𝑦 −𝑦 Rise 2 𝑑𝑦
Gradient, 𝑚 = 𝑥2 −𝑥1 m= Run
=3 mat 𝐴 = 𝑑𝑥
2 1

(vi) For parallel lines, (vii) For perpendicular lines,

𝑚1 = 𝑚2 𝑚1 × 𝑚2 = −1 𝑚2
𝑚1 𝑚2 1
∴ 𝑚2 = − 𝑚
1 𝑚1

∎ To find equation:

Case-1: 𝑦
Case-2:
𝑦
𝒚 = 𝒎𝒙 + 𝒄
(3, 5)
• • 𝑦=5 𝑙1
5 1
For 𝑙1 ⟶ 𝑐 = 1, 𝑚 = 2
1
1
𝑥
∴ 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1
𝑥 = −2 𝑥=3
0

For 𝑙2 ⟶ 𝑐 = 1, 𝑚 = −1
−2 0 3 𝑥
𝑙2 ∴ 𝑦 = −𝑥 + 1

Case-3: ↪ How to know if a point lies on the line or not

𝑦
• (4, 8) does not lie on the line
3𝑥 + 7𝑦 = 18 6
𝑚
as when 𝑥 = 4, 𝑦 = 7 (≠ 8)
•
(𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) • (6, 0) lies on the line
𝑥 as when 𝑥 = 6, 𝑦 = 0
𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥1 )
 Formula Sheet for Coordinate Geometry
(viii)
𝐶 𝐵 𝐴 𝐶
1
𝐵 (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) Area = |𝑥
2 3
𝑥2 𝑥1 𝑥3 |
• 𝑦3 𝑦2 𝑦1 𝑦3
𝐴 (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ) 1
• = |( ↘ ) − ( ↙ )|
2

•
𝐶 (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 )

(x) 𝑦

For 𝑷 For 𝑸
𝑄
𝑦=0 𝑥=0
𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 = 𝑐 𝑎𝑥 + (𝑏 × 0) = 𝑐 (𝑎 × 0) + 𝑏𝑥 = 𝑐
𝑐 𝑐
𝑥=𝑎 𝑦=𝑏
𝑥
0 𝑃

(xi)
For intersecting point 𝑃,
− − − −(i)
Solve equations (i) and (ii)
•
𝑃
− − − −(ii)

(xii)
Tangent,
𝑑𝑦
𝑚 𝑇 = 𝑑𝑥

(𝑥1 , 𝑦1 )

Normal,
1
𝑚𝑁 = − 𝑚
𝑇

Equation of tangent,
𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚 𝑇 (𝑥 − 𝑥1 )

Equation of normal,
𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚𝑁 (𝑥 − 𝑥1 )
 Pure Mathematics

Revision Worksheet – 1

Surds, Indices, Logarithm

1. (i) Find the integer 𝑛 such that 4√20 − √45 = √𝑝.

4+2√3 𝑎+𝑏√3
(ii) Given that 5−2 can be written in the form , where𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑐 are integer number.
√3 𝑐

Find the value of 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑐.

2
(3√3−1) 𝑎√3+𝑏
(iii) Simplify, , giving your answers in the form where 𝑎 and 𝑏 are integer.
2√3−3 3

2. Find the value of 𝑥:

94𝑥+3
(a) 44𝑥+3 = 82𝑥−6. (c) 815𝑥−10 = 34−3𝑥 .

125𝑥−3 52𝑥+5 492𝑥+1

(b) 5
= 5𝑥
. (d) 7𝑥
= 72𝑥 .

3. (i) Solve the equation 2 log 3 (𝑥 − 5) − log 3 (2𝑥 − 13) = 1.

(ii) lg( 5𝑥 + 6) − lg(4 − 𝑥) = 1 + lg(2𝑎), Express 𝑎 in term of 𝑥.

(iii) Solve the equation log 𝑏 7 − 2 log 7 𝑏 + 1 = 0.

4. Given that log 8 7 = 𝑥 log 2 7.

(a) Find the value of 𝑥.

𝑥
(b) Show that, 5𝑥 log 7 𝑥 + log 7 𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 log 49 3 − 4 log 49 3 = (5𝑥 + 2) log 7 (3).

(c) Hence solve the equation, 5𝑥 log 7 𝑥 + log 7 𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 log 49 3 − 4 log 49 3 = 0.

5. (a) Find the value of log 3 9.

(b) Given that log 9 4 = 𝑘 log 3 4, find the value of 𝑘.

𝑥 (2𝑥−3)
(c) Show that 2𝑥 log 3 𝑥 − 3 log 3 𝑥 − 4𝑥 log 9 4 + 6 log 9 4 = log 3 (4) .

(d) Hence solve the equation 2𝑥 log 3 𝑥 − 3 log 3 𝑥 − 4𝑥 log 9 4 + 6 log 9 4 = 0.

6. (i) Solve the simultaneous equation 3 log 2 𝑥 + 4 log 3 𝑦 = 10, log 2 𝑥 − log 3 𝑦 = 1.

(ii) Solve the equation 5 log 𝑥 16 − 2 log 9 𝑦 = 19, 3 log 𝑥 16 + 4 log 9 𝑦 = 14.
3
(iii) Solve the simultaneous equation log 2 𝑚5 + 4 log 3 𝑛 = 9, + 2 log 3 𝑛 = 14.
log𝑚 2

7. Solve each of the following equation:

4
(a) lg(3𝑥 + 1) − lg − lg 𝑥 = 1 − lg(3𝑥 − 1). (b) 2(log 5 𝑥)2 + 3 = 7 log 5 𝑥.
5

FAISAL MIZAN 1
 Pure Mathematics

1
8. Given that 2 log 3 𝑥 + log 3 𝑦 = 2 log 3 𝑧 , express 𝑥 in tern of 𝑦 and 𝑧.

9. (i) Solve giving your answer to 3 decimal places 5𝑥 = 4.

(ii) Solve the equation 5𝑥+1 = 120 giving your answer to 3 significant figures.

(iii) Find the exact solution of the equation 𝑒 𝑥+3 = 4 .

32
(iv) Find the exact solution of the equation 𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑥 = 4.

8
(v) Find the exact solution of the equation 𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑥 = 2.

(vi) Solve the following equation:

(a) 22𝑥 + 2𝑥+2 = 12. (b) 22𝑥−1 − 9 × 2𝑥−2 + 1 = 0.

(vii) Solve the equation 4(22𝑥 ) − 17(2𝑥 ) + 4 = 0.

(viii) Solve 22𝑦+1 − 7(2𝑦 ) + 5 = 0 giving your answer to 3 significant figures where appropriate.

Answer:

32+18√3 38√3+48 14
[1] (i) 𝑝 = 125, (ii) , (iii) , [2] (a) 𝑥 = −12, (b) 𝑥 = 7.5, (c) 𝑥 = , (d) 𝑥 = −2, [3] (i) 𝑥 = 8,
13 3 3

5𝑥+6 1 1 2 1 3
(ii) 𝑎 = 80−20𝑥, (iii) 𝑏 = 7, , [4] (a) 𝑥 = 3, (c) 𝑥 = − 5, 3, [5] (a) 2, (b) 𝑘 = 2, (d) 2, 4, [6] (i) 𝑥 = 4, 𝑦 = 3,
√7

1 1 𝑧4
(ii) 𝑥 = 2, 𝑦 = 3, (iii) 𝑚 = 32, 𝑛 = 81, [7] (a) 𝑥 = 1, − 9 (b) 125, √5, [8] 𝑥 = 𝑦2 , [9] (i) 0.861, (ii) 𝑥 = 1.97,

(iii) ln 4 − 3, (iv) ln 4, (v) ln 2, (vi) (a) 1, (b) 𝑥 = −1, 2, (vii) 2, −2, (viii) 0, 1.32.

FAISAL MIZAN 2
 Pure Mathematics

Assignment

Coordinate Geometry (Straight Line)

1. The figure shows a quadrature 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 in which the points 𝐴 and 𝐷 lie on the 𝑦-axis and 𝑥-axis respectively.

𝐶 is the point (16, 11) and the equation of 𝐴𝐵 is 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 4.

If 𝐴𝐷 and 𝐵𝐶 are perpendicular to 𝐴𝐵, find:

(i) The coordinate of 𝐴 and of 𝐷.

(ii) The equation of 𝐵𝐶.

(iii) The coordinate of 𝐵.

(iv) The length of 𝐶𝐷.

(v) The area of 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷.

2. The diagram shows a rectangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 whose diagonals

meet at 𝑀. The coordinates of 𝐴 and 𝐶 are (−1,0) and (7,1)

respectively, and the equation of 𝐴𝐵 is 2𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 2 = 0.

Find:

(i) The equation of 𝐴𝐷 and of 𝐶𝐷.

(ii) The coordinate of 𝑀, 𝐷 and 𝐵.

(iii) Area of ∆𝐵𝑀𝐶.

(iv) Show, that ∆𝐴𝑀𝐷 is an isosceles triangle.

3. The diagram, which is not drawn to scale, shows an isosceles triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶 in which 𝐵𝐷 = 𝐷𝐶.
3
The coordinates of 𝐴 and 𝐵 are (5, 6) and (0, −4) respectively. Given that the gradient of 𝐵𝐶 is 4 and that

the perpendicular from 𝐴 to 𝐵𝐶 meets 𝐵𝐶 at 𝐷, find:

(i) The equation of 𝐵𝐶 and of 𝐴𝐷.

(ii) The coordinate of 𝐷.

(iii) The coordinate of 𝐶.

(iv) The length of the perpendicular 𝐴𝐷.

(v) The area of ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶.

4. Points A, B, C and D have coordinates 𝐴(−4, −9), 𝐵(6, −3), 𝐶(11,5), 𝐷(−1,9).

(a) Find the perpendicular bisector of the line 𝐴𝐵.

(b) Find the perpendicular bisector of the line 𝐶𝐷.

(c) Find the coordinate of the intersection of the two perpendicular bisectors.

FAISAL MIZAN 3
 Pure Mathematics

5. The points 𝑃, 𝑄, 𝑅 and 𝑆 have coordinates (4, 7), (3, 0), (10, 1) and (11, 8) respectively.

(a) Show, by calculation, that the lines 𝑃𝑅 and 𝑄𝑆 are perpendicular.

(b) Find the exact lengths of: (i) 𝑃𝑅, (ii) 𝑄𝑆.

(c) Find the area of the quadrilateral 𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑆. [Nov 20/P1/Q5]

6. The point 𝐴 and 𝐵 has coordinate (−1, 0) and (1,4). Find,

(a) The equation of 𝐴𝐵, in the form 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 = 𝑐.

(b) 𝑀 is the mid-point of 𝐴𝐵, find the coordinate 𝑀.

(c) Find the perpendicular bisector equation of AB.

(d) Show that coordinate 𝑁 (2, 7) lies on 𝐴𝐵.

(e) Given that 𝐴, 𝑀 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑁 is a straight line, find the ratio of 𝐴𝑀: 𝐴𝑁.

(f) The point G (2, 1), find the area of triangle 𝐴𝑀𝐺.

7. The points 𝐴, 𝐵 and 𝐶 have coordinates (3,5), (7,8) and (6,1) respectively.

(a) Show, by calculation, that 𝐴𝐵 is perpendicular to 𝐴𝐶.

(b) Find an equation for 𝐴𝐶 in the form 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 + 𝑐 = 0, where 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑐 are integers whose values must

be stated.

The point 𝐷 is on 𝐴𝐶 produced and 𝐴𝐶: 𝐶𝐷 = 1: 2.

(c) Find the coordinates of 𝐷.

(d) Calculate the area of triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐷.

(e) 𝐵𝐴 is produced to 𝑀 so that 𝐵𝐴 = 𝐴𝑀, find the coordinate of 𝑀.

(f) Find the length of 𝐵𝑀 and 𝐴𝐷. Hence, find the area of ∆𝑀𝐵𝐷. [Jan12/P2/Q7]

8. The points 𝐴 and 𝐵 have coordinates (2, 5) and (16, 12) respectively. The point 𝐷 with coordinates

(8, 8) lies on 𝐴𝐵.

(a) Find, in the form 𝑝: 𝑞, the ratio in which 𝐷 divides 𝐴𝐵 internally.

(b) The line 𝑙 passes through 𝐷 and is perpendicular to 𝐴𝐵. Find an equation of 𝑙.

(c) The point 𝐸 with coordinates (𝑒, 6) lies on 𝑙. Find the value of 𝑒.

(d) The line 𝐸𝐷 is produced to 𝐹 so that 𝐸𝐷 = 𝐷𝐹. Find the coordinates of 𝐹.

(e) Find the area of the kite 𝐴𝐸𝐵𝐹. [May14/P1/Q9]

9. The points 𝐴 and 𝐵 have coordinates (2, 9) and (10, 3) respectively. The point 𝑀 is the midpoint of 𝐴𝐵.

(a) Find the coordinates of 𝑀.

(b) Find the length of 𝐴𝐵.

FAISAL MIZAN 4
 Pure Mathematics

The line 𝑙 is the perpendicular bisector of 𝐴𝐵.

(c) Find an equation for 𝑙 giving your answer in the form 𝑎𝑦 = 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐, where 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑐 are integers.

The point 𝐷 lies on 𝑙 and has coordinates (𝑑, 2).

(d) Find the value of 𝑑.

The point 𝐸 lies on 𝑙 and is such that 𝐷𝑀: 𝑀𝐸 = 1: 2.

(e) Find the coordinates of 𝐸.

(f) Find the area of the kite 𝐴𝐸𝐵𝐷. [May15/P2/Q9]

10. The points 𝐴 and 𝐵 have coordinates (2, 4) and (5, −2) respectively.

The point 𝐶 divides 𝐴𝐵 in the ratio 1: 2.

(a) Find the coordinates of 𝐶.

(b) The point 𝐷 has coordinates (1, 1). Show that 𝐷𝐶 is perpendicular to 𝐴𝐵.

(c) Find the equation of 𝐷𝐶 in the form 𝑝𝑦 = 𝑥 + 𝑞.

(d) The point 𝐸 is such that 𝐷𝐶𝐸 is a straight line and 𝐷𝐶 = 𝐶𝐸. Find the coordinates of 𝐸.

(e) Calculate the area of quadrilateral 𝐴𝐷𝐵𝐸. [May16/P1/Q10]

Answers:

[1] (i) 𝐴(0, 4), 𝐷(8, 0), (ii) 2𝑦 + 𝑥 = 38, (iii) 𝐵(6, 16), (iv) 13.6, (v) 135, [2] (i) 𝐴𝐷: 2𝑦 + 3𝑥 = −3,

1
𝐶𝐷: 3𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 11, (ii) 𝑀 (3, 2), 𝐷(1, −3), 𝐵(5, 4), (iii) 6.5, [3] (i) 𝐵𝐶: 4𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 16, 𝐴𝐷: 3𝑦 + 4𝑥 = 38,

5 13 11 79
(ii) (8, 2), (iii) (16, 8), (iv) 5, (v) 50, [4] (a) 𝑦 = − 3 𝑥 − 3
, (b) 𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 8, (c) (14 , − 14), [5] (b) (i) √72,

1
(ii) √128, (c) 48, [6] (a) 2𝑥 − 𝑦 = −2, (b) (0, 2), (c) 𝑦 = − 2 𝑥 + 2, (e) 𝐴𝑀: 𝐴𝑁=1: 3, (f) 2.5,

[7] (b) 3𝑦 + 4𝑥 − 27 = 0, (c) (12, −7), (d) 37.5, (e) (−1, 2), (f) 𝑙𝐵𝑀 = 10, 𝑙𝐴𝐵 = 5, 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 75, [8] (a)3: 4,

(b) 𝑦 + 2𝑥 = 24, (c) 𝑒 = 9, (d) (7, 10), (e) 35, [9] (a) (6, 6), (b) 10, (c) 3𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 6,(d) 𝑑 = 3, (e) (12, 14),

(f) 75, [10] (a) (3, 2), (c) 2𝑦 = 𝑥 + 1, (d) (5, 3), (e) 15.

FAISAL MIZAN 5