INTEGRATION AS AN INVERSE PROCESS OF DIFFERENTIATION

1. If f(x) is derivative of function g(x), then g(x) is known as antiderivative or integral of f(x).
𝑑
i.e {𝑔(𝑥)} = 𝑓(𝑥) ⟺ ∫ (𝑥)𝑥 = 𝑔(𝑥) + 𝑐
𝑑𝑥

2. The derivative of a function is unique but a function can have infinite antiderivatives or integrals.

3. ∫ (𝑥)𝑥 = 𝑔(𝑥) + 𝑐 is known as an indefinite integral, where C is the constant of integration.

4. ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 + 𝑐.

5. ∫ 𝑐. 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = 𝑐 ∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥.

6. ∫{𝑓(𝑥) ± 𝑔(𝑥)}𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 ± ∫ 𝑔(𝑥)𝑑𝑥.

𝑛 𝑥 𝑛+1 𝑑𝑥
7. ∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑛+1
+ 𝐶, 𝑛 ≠ −1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟, 𝐼𝑓 𝑛 = −1 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 ∫ 𝑥
= log|𝑥| + 𝐶
(𝑎𝑥+𝑏)𝑛+1 𝑑𝑥
8. ∫(𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏)𝑛 𝑑𝑥 = + 𝐶, 𝑛 ≠ −1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟, 𝐼𝑓 𝑛 = −1 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 ∫ (𝑎𝑥+𝑏) =
𝑛+1
log|𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏| + 𝐶
1
9. ∫ 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑥𝑑𝑥 = − 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑎𝑥 + 𝐶 . 𝐼𝑓 𝑎 = 1, ∫ sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = − cos 𝑥 + 𝑐.
𝑎

1
10. ∫ 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑎𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑎

1
11. ∫ 𝑆𝑒𝑐2 𝑎𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑇𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑎

1
12. ∫ 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐2 𝑎𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝐶𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑎

1
13. ∫ 𝑆𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑥𝑇𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑎 𝑆𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑥 + 𝐶
1
14. ∫ 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑥𝐶𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑥𝑑𝑥 = − 𝑎 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑥 + 𝐶
1
15. ∫ 𝑒𝑎𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑎 𝑒𝑎𝑥 + 𝐶
1 𝑎𝑥
16. ∫ 𝑎𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑎 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎 + 𝐶

INTEGRATION BY SUBSTITUTION
𝑓′ (𝑥)
∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝐿𝑜𝑔|𝑓(𝑥)| + 𝐶, 𝑏𝑦 𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑡, 𝑠𝑢𝑐ℎ 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑓 ′ (𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = 𝑑𝑡
𝑓(𝑥)

∫ 𝑓{𝑔(𝑥)}𝑔′(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑓(𝑡) 𝑑𝑡, 𝑏𝑦 𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑡, 𝑠𝑢𝑐ℎ 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑔′ (𝑥) = 𝑑𝑡

2𝑥+5
1. ∫ 𝑑𝑥 Hint Put 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 7 = 𝑡 Ans. 𝑙𝑜𝑔|𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 7| + 𝑐
𝑥 2 +5𝑥−7
1
2. ∫ 𝑒 3𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥 (𝑥 4 + 1)−1 𝑑𝑥 Hint Put 𝑥 4 + 1 = 𝑡 Ans. 4 𝑙𝑜𝑔|𝑥 4 + 1| + 𝐶
𝑆𝑖𝑛2𝑥
3. ∫ 𝑎2 𝐶𝑜𝑠2 𝑥+𝑏2 𝑆𝑖𝑛2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 Hint Put 𝑎 2 𝐶𝑜𝑠 2 + 𝑏2 𝑆𝑖𝑛2 𝑥 = 𝑡

Ans. Log|𝑎 2 𝐶𝑜𝑠 2 + 𝑏2 𝑆𝑖𝑛2 𝑥| + 𝐶

 4 (sin−1 𝑥)3 (sin−1 𝑥)4
4. ∫ 𝑑𝑥 Hint Put sin−1 𝑥 = 𝑡 Ans. +C
√1−𝑥 2 4

(1+𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥)2 (1+𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥)3
5. ∫ 𝑑𝑥 Hint Put (1 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥) = 𝑡 Ans +𝐶
𝑥 3

𝑑𝑥
6. ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 +1 Hint. Dividing Numerator and Denominator by 𝑒 𝑥 then put 𝑒 −𝑥 + 1 = 𝑡

Ans. − log|𝑒 −𝑥 + 1| + 𝐶
1−𝑆𝑖𝑛2𝑥
7. ∫ 𝑥+𝐶𝑜𝑠2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 Hint Put 𝑥 + 𝐶𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 = 𝑡 Ans. Log| 𝑥 + 𝐶𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥| + 𝐶
𝐶𝑜𝑠2𝑥
8. ∫ (𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑥+𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑥)2 𝑑𝑥 Hint Apply formula 𝐶𝑜𝑠2𝑥 = 𝐶𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 − 𝑆𝑖𝑛2 𝑥 and put 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑥 = 𝑡

Ans. log|𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑥| + 𝐶

INTEGRATION OF TYPE
𝒑𝒙+𝒒 𝒑𝒙+𝒒
∫ 𝒂𝒙𝟐 +𝒃𝒙+𝒄 𝒅𝒙 ∫ 𝒅𝒙
√𝒂𝒙𝟐 +𝒃𝒙+𝒄

In both cases
𝒅
𝒑𝒙 + 𝒒 = 𝑨 𝒅𝒙 (𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄) + 𝑩

Solve for A and B by equating coefficients of 𝑥 2 , 𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 and replace 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞 in the
𝑑
Numerator by 𝐴 𝑑𝑥 (𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐) + 𝐵

Solution will always be in the form

𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙
A𝑳𝒐𝒈|(𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄)| +B∫ 𝒂𝒙𝟐+𝒃𝒙+𝒄 + C A2√𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 +B∫ +C
√𝒂𝒙𝟐 +𝒃𝒙+𝒄

Note: While making perfect square of 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐, always make coefficient of 𝑥 2 unity.

4𝑥+1
1. ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑥 2 +3𝑥+2

𝑥+1
Ans. 2Log|𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 2|−5 log |𝑥+2| + 𝐶

(3𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑥−2)𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑥
2. ∫ 𝑑𝑥
5−𝐶𝑜𝑠2 𝑥−4𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑥

4
Ans. 3 log|2 − 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑥| + 2−𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝐶
2𝑥+5
3. ∫ 𝑑𝑥
√𝑥 2 +2𝑥+5

Ans. 2√𝑥2 + 2𝑥 + 5 + 3log |(𝑥 + 1) + √𝑥2 + 2𝑥 + 5|+C

3𝑥+1
4. ∫ √5−2𝑥−𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥

2 𝑥+1
Ans. −3√5 − 2𝑥 − 𝑥 − 2 sin−1 +𝐶 √6

6𝑥−5
5. ∫ √3𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 Ans. 2√3𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 1 + 𝐶
−5𝑥+1
 5𝑥+3
6. ∫ √𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 Ans. 5√𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 10 − 7log |𝑥 + 2 + √𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 10 + 𝐶
+4𝑥+10

INTEGRATION BY PARTIAL FRACTION

1. We must check that we are dealing with polynomials and degree of the numerator is less than the
degree of denominator and proceed for partial fraction. If not, divide numerator by denominator and
write
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑅𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑅𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟
= 𝑄𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 + and proceed for partial fraction of
𝐷𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝐷𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝐷𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟

i) When factors in denominator are linear and non-repeated.

𝑝(𝑥) 𝐴 𝐵 𝐶
= + +
(𝑥 + 𝑎)(𝑥 + 𝑏)(𝑥 + 𝑐) (𝑥 + 𝑎) (𝑥 + 𝑏) (𝑥 + 𝑐)
𝑝(𝑥) = 𝐴(𝑥 + 𝑏)(𝑥 + 𝑐) + 𝐵(𝑥 + 𝑎)(𝑥 + 𝑐) + 𝐶(𝑥 + 𝑎)(𝑥 + 𝑏)
Solve for A, B and C by putting 𝑥 = −𝑎, 𝑥 = −𝑏 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 = −𝑐
𝑝(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝐴 ∫ +𝐵∫ +𝐶∫
(𝑥 + 𝑎)(𝑥 + 𝑏)(𝑥 + 𝑐) (𝑥 + 𝑎) (𝑥 + 𝑏) (𝑥 + 𝑐)

ii) When factors in denominator are linear and non-repeated.

𝑝(𝑥) 𝐴 𝐵 𝐶
= + +
(𝑥 + 𝑎)2 (𝑥 + 𝑏) (𝑥 + 𝑎) (𝑥 + 𝑎)2 (𝑥 + 𝑏)
𝑝(𝑥) = 𝐴(𝑥 + 𝑎)(𝑥 + 𝑏) + 𝐵(𝑥 + 𝑏) + 𝐶(𝑥 + 𝑎)2
Solve for A, B and C by putting 𝑥 = −𝑎, 𝑥 = −𝑏 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 2
𝑝(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
∫ 2
𝑑𝑥 = 𝐴 ∫ +𝐵∫ 2
+𝐶∫
(𝑥 + 𝑎) (𝑥 + 𝑏) (𝑥 + 𝑎) (𝑥 + 𝑎) (𝑥 + 𝑏)

iii) When factors in denominator are quadratic and non-repeated.

𝑝(𝑥) 𝐴 𝐵𝑥 + 𝐶
= +
(𝑥 + 𝑎)(𝑥 2 + 𝑏) (𝑥 + 𝑎) (𝑥 2 + 𝑏)
𝑝(𝑥) = 𝐴(𝑥 2 + 𝑏) + (𝐵𝑥 + 𝐶)(𝑥 + 𝑎)
Solve for A, B and C by 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 2 , 𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚.
𝑝(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 𝐵𝑥 𝑑𝑥
∫ 2
𝑑𝑥 = 𝐴 ∫ +∫ 2 𝑑𝑥 + 𝐶 ∫ 2
(𝑥 + 𝑎)(𝑥 + 𝑏) (𝑥 + 𝑎) (𝑥 + 𝑏) (𝑥 + 𝑏)

𝒙𝟐 (𝒙𝟐 +𝒄)(𝒙𝟐 +𝒅) 𝒅𝒙

iv) ∫ (𝒙𝟐+𝒂)(𝒙𝟐+𝒃) 𝒅𝒙 / ∫ (𝒙𝟐+𝒂)(𝒙𝟐+𝒃) 𝒅𝒙 / ∫ (𝒙𝟐+𝒂)(𝒙𝟐+𝒃)
 𝑥2 (𝑥 2 +𝑐)(𝑥 2 +𝑑)
Put x2=y and proceed for partial fraction of / (𝑥 2+𝑎)(𝑥 2+𝑏) and after getting partial fraction replace
(𝑥 2 +𝑎)(𝑥 2 +𝑏)
value of y as x2 and then integrate.
2𝑥−1
1. Evaluate. ∫ (𝑥−1)(𝑥+2)(𝑥−3) 𝑑𝑥

1 1 1
Ans. − 6 log|𝑥 − 1| − 3 log|𝑥 + 2| + 2 log|𝑥 − 3| + 𝐶
𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑥
2. Evaluate. ∫ (2+𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑥)(3+4𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

1 1
Ans. − 5 log|2 + 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑥| + 5 log|3 + 4𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑥| + 𝐶

𝑥 2 +1
3. Evaluate. ∫ (𝑥−1)2(𝑥+3) 𝑑𝑥

3 1 5
Ans. 8 log|𝑥 − 1| − 2(𝑥−1) + 8 log|𝑥 + 3| + 𝐶
𝑥
4. Evaluate. ∫ (𝑥−1)(𝑥 2+4) 𝑑𝑥

1 1 2 𝑥
Ans. 5 log|𝑥 − 1| − 10 log|𝑥 2 + 4| + 5 tan−1 2 + 𝐶

𝑥2
5. Evaluate. ∫ (𝑥 2+1)(𝑥 2+4) 𝑑𝑥

1 2 𝑥
Ans. − tan−1 𝑥 tan−1 + 𝐶
3 3 2

(𝑥−1)(𝑥−2)(𝑥−3)
6. Evaluate. ∫ (𝑥−4)(𝑥−5)(𝑥−6) 𝑑𝑥

Ans. 𝑥 + 3 log|𝑥 − 4| − 24 log|𝑥 − 5| + 30 log|𝑥 − 6| + 𝐶

INTEGRATION BY PARTS
Sometimes we get product of the functions which we cannot simplify in such cases we apply integration by parts.
First check functions are in proper forms otherwise first reduce in proper form using substitution.
𝑑
∫{𝑓(𝑥)𝑔(𝑥)}𝑑𝑥 = 𝑓(𝑥) ∫ 𝑔(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 − ∫ { 𝑓(𝑥) ∫ 𝑔(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥} 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥

We can choose first and second functions according to which come first in ILATE where
I→Inversetrigonometric function, L→Logarithmic function, A→Algebraic function,
T→Trigonometric function and E→Exponential function.

Integrals of the form ∫ 𝒆𝒙 {𝒇(𝒙) + 𝒇′ (𝒙)}𝒅𝒙 = 𝒆𝒙 𝒇(𝒙) + 𝑪

Algorithm
1. Express the integral as the sum of two integrals as
∫ 𝑒𝑥 {𝑓(𝑥) + 𝑓′ (𝑥)}𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑒𝑥 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑒𝑥 𝑓′ (𝑥)𝑑𝑥, then
2. Integrate the integral with f(x), the second integral with f’(x) will cancel out from the second term obtained by
evaluating the first integral.
1 1 1
1. ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 (𝑥 − 𝑥 2 ) 𝑑𝑥 Ans. 𝑒 𝑥 𝑥 + 𝐶

2. ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 (𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)𝑑𝑥 Ans. 𝑒 𝑥 (𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) + 𝐶

 1 2 1
3. ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 (𝑥 2 − 𝑥 3) 𝑑𝑥 Ans. 𝑒 𝑥 (𝑥 2) + 𝐶

𝑥 𝑒𝑥
4. ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 (1+𝑥)2 𝑑𝑥 Ans. 1+𝑥 + 𝐶

𝑥−3 𝑒𝑥
5. ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 (𝑥−1)3 𝑑𝑥 Ans. (𝑥−1)2 + 𝐶

𝑥−4 𝑒𝑥
6. ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 (𝑥−2)3 𝑑𝑥 Ans. (𝑥−2)2 + 𝐶

𝑥−1 𝑒𝑥
7. ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 (𝑥+1)3 𝑑𝑥 𝐴𝑛𝑠. (𝑥+1)2 + 𝐶

1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 𝑒 2𝑥 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥
8. ∫ 𝑒 2𝑥 { }𝑑𝑥 𝐴𝑛𝑠. +𝐶
1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 2
1−𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 −𝑒 2𝑥 𝐶𝑜𝑡𝑥
9. ∫ 𝑒 2𝑥 {1−𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥}𝑑𝑥 𝐴𝑛𝑠. +𝐶
2

1 1
10. ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 (𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥 + 𝑥 2) 𝑑𝑥 Ans. 𝑒 𝑥 (𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥 − 𝑥) + 𝐶

DEFINITE INTEGRALS

Integration of type
𝒃 𝒃 𝒂 𝒃
Using property ∫𝒂 𝒇(𝒙)𝒅𝒙 = ∫𝒂 𝒇(𝒂 + 𝒃 − 𝒙)𝒅𝒙/ ∫𝟎 𝒇(𝒙)𝒅𝒙 = ∫𝒂 𝒇(𝒂 − 𝒙)𝒅𝒙

𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑛 𝑥 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝑛 𝑥 𝑇𝑎𝑛𝑛 𝑥
∫02 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑛 𝑥+𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝑛 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ∫02 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑛 𝑥+𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝑛 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ∫02 𝑇𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑥+𝐶𝑜𝑡 𝑛 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
𝐶𝑜𝑡 𝑛 𝑥 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑛 𝑥 𝑆𝑒𝑐 𝑛 𝑥
∫0 𝑇𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑥+𝐶𝑜𝑡 𝑛 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2 ∫0 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑛 𝑥+𝐶𝑜𝑡 𝑛 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2 ∫0
2
𝑇𝑎𝑛𝑛 𝑥+𝑆𝑒𝑐 𝑛 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝜋 𝜋
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝝅
∫02 ∫0
2 Answer is always 𝟒
1+𝑇𝑎𝑛𝑛 𝑥 1+𝐶𝑜𝑡 𝑛 𝑥

𝑏 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑛 𝑥 𝑏 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝑛 𝑥 𝑏 𝑇𝑎𝑛 𝑛 𝑥

∫𝑎 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑛 𝑥+𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝑛 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 ∫𝑎 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑛 𝑥+𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝑛 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 ∫𝑎 𝑇𝑎𝑛𝑛 𝑥+𝐶𝑜𝑡 𝑛 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑏 𝐶𝑜𝑡 𝑛 𝑥 𝑏 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑛 𝑥 𝑏 𝑆𝑒𝑐 𝑛 𝑥
∫𝑎 𝑑𝑥 ∫𝑎 𝑑𝑥 ∫𝑎 𝑇𝑎𝑛𝑛 𝑥+𝑆𝑒𝑐 𝑛 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑇𝑎𝑛𝑛 𝑥+𝐶𝑜𝑡 𝑛 𝑥 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑛 𝑥+𝐶𝑜𝑡 𝑛 𝑥
𝑏 𝑑𝑥 𝑏 𝑑𝑥 𝝅 𝟏
∫𝑎 ∫𝑎 provided 𝒂 + 𝒃 = 𝟐 and answer is always 𝟐 (𝒃 − 𝒂)
1+𝑇𝑎𝑛𝑛 𝑥 1+𝐶𝑜𝑡 𝑛 𝑥

𝑛 𝑛
𝑎 √𝑥 𝑎 √𝑎−𝑥 𝒂
∫0 𝑛 𝑥+ 𝑛 𝑎−𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ∫0 𝑛 𝑥+ 𝑛 𝑎−𝑥 𝑑𝑥 Answer is always 𝟐
√ √ √ √
𝑛 𝑛
𝑏 √𝑥 𝑏 √𝑎+𝑏−𝑥 𝒃−𝒂
∫𝑎 𝑛 𝑛 𝑑𝑥 ∫𝑎 𝑛 𝑛 𝑑𝑥 Answer is always
√𝑥+ √𝑎+𝑏−𝑥 √𝑥 + √𝑎+𝑏−𝑥 𝟐
3 3𝜋
𝜋 𝜋 4
𝑆𝑖𝑛2 𝑥 √𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑥 8 𝑇𝑎𝑛7 𝑥
1. ∫0 2
3 3 𝑑𝑥 2. ∫0 2
4 4 𝑑𝑥 3. ∫𝜋 𝑑𝑥
√𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑥 + √𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑥 𝑇𝑎𝑛7 𝑥+𝐶𝑜𝑡 7 𝑥
𝑆𝑖𝑛2 𝑥+𝐶𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 8
 𝜋 𝜋 3
3 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 5 √5−𝑥
4. ∫ 𝜋 3 5. ∫02 1+𝐶𝑜𝑡 4 𝑥 6. ∫0 3 3 𝑑𝑥
1+ √𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 √𝑥 + √5−𝑥
6
𝜋
8 𝑛√10−𝑥 4
3 𝑑𝑥 4 √5−𝑥
7. ∫2 𝑛 𝑥+ 𝑛 10−𝑥 𝑑𝑥 8. ∫ 𝜋 4
1+ √𝐶𝑜𝑡𝑥
9. ∫1 4 4 𝑑𝑥
√ √ 6 √𝑥 + √5−𝑥

4 5𝜋
1 𝑑𝑥 5 √𝑥+4 12 𝐶𝑜𝑡 2 𝑥
10. ∫0 𝑥(1−𝑥)𝑛 11. ∫0 4 𝑥+4+ 4 9−𝑥 𝑑𝑥 12. ∫ 𝜋
𝑇𝑎𝑛2𝑥+𝐶𝑜𝑡 2 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
√ √ 12

𝒂
𝒂 𝟐 ∫ 𝒇(𝒙)𝒅𝒙, 𝒊𝒇 𝒇(−𝒙) = 𝒇(𝒙)
Using the property ∫−𝒂 𝒇(𝒙)𝒅𝒙 ={ 𝟎
𝟎, 𝒊𝒇 𝒇(−𝒙) = −𝒇(𝒙)
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
1. ∫2𝜋 𝑆𝑖𝑛7 𝑥𝑑𝑥 2. ∫2𝜋 𝑥 5 𝑆𝑖𝑛4 𝑥𝑑𝑥 3. ∫2𝜋 𝑥 7 𝐶𝑜𝑠 3 𝑥𝑑𝑥
−2 −2 −2

𝜋
2−𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑥 1 4−𝑥 𝑎
2
4. ∫ log (
𝜋 )𝑑𝑥 5. . ∫−1 log ( )𝑑𝑥 6. ∫−𝑎 𝑥 3 √𝑎 2 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
−2 2+𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑥 4+𝑥

Ans. Q.N.1 to Q.N.6 is 0

𝒃 𝒄 𝒃
Using property ∫𝒂 𝒇(𝒙)𝒅𝒙 = ∫𝒂 𝒇(𝒙)𝒅𝒙 + ∫𝒄 𝒇(𝒙)𝒅𝒙, 𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆 𝒂 < 𝒄 < 𝒃
8 2
1. ∫2 |𝑥 − 5|𝑑𝑥 Ans. 9 2. ∫−2 |𝑥 + 1|𝑑𝑥 Ans. 5
4 1 5
3. ∫0 |𝑥 − 1|𝑑𝑥 Ans. 5 4. ∫−1 |2𝑥 − 1|𝑑𝑥 Ans. 2
4 19
5. ∫1 {|𝑥 − 1| + |𝑥 − 2| + |𝑥 − 3|}𝑑𝑥 Ans. 2
5 23
6. ∫2 {|𝑥 − 2| + |𝑥 − 3| + |𝑥 − 5|}𝑑𝑥 Ans. 2
4
7. ∫0 {|𝑥| + |𝑥 − 2| + |𝑥 − 4|}𝑑𝑥 Ans. 20
2 19
8. ∫−1{|𝑥 + 1| + |𝑥| + |𝑥 − 1|}𝑑𝑥 Ans. 2