𝑺𝒉𝒐𝒓𝒕 𝑸𝒖𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔

Inequalities: Even and odd Functions:

𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒇𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒍𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒆𝒔 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒘𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒆 𝑪𝒉𝒆𝒄𝒌 𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒇𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒇𝒖𝒏𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔 𝒂𝒓𝒆
𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒏 𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒍 𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒆 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒊𝒏 𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒗𝒂𝒍 𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒎. 𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒏 𝒐𝒓 𝒐𝒅𝒅 𝒐𝒓 𝒏𝒐𝒕.

1
 |3 − 𝑥| < 2
1  𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
𝑥
𝑥  𝑦 = 𝑥 2 −1
 − 3 ≤ 2𝑥 + 1
 𝑦 = 𝑥 4 + 3𝑥 2 − 1
 𝑥2 − 𝑥 − 2 ≥ 0
 𝑦 = 𝑥5 − 𝑥3 − 𝑥
Conics: Composition of Functions:
𝑭𝒊𝒏𝒅 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒆 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒓𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒖𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒇𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒈  𝐼𝑓 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑔(𝑥) = √1 − 𝑥 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 , 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑
𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒄𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒍𝒆. 𝑓(𝑓(−3)), . . 𝑓(𝑔(𝑥)). . , 𝑔(𝑓(𝑥)), . . 𝑔(𝑔(𝑥))
 𝐼𝑓 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑔(𝑥) = 1 − √𝑥 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 , 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑
 3𝑥 2 + 3𝑦 2 + 4𝑥 − 6𝑦 − 3 = 0 𝑓(𝑓(−3)), . . 𝑓(𝑔(𝑥)). . , 𝑔(𝑓(√𝑥)), . . 𝑔(𝑔(−1))
 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 2𝑥 = 3
 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 3𝑦 − 9/4 = 0 Period of Functions:
𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒕 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒇𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔 𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒐 𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒂𝒓𝒅 𝑭𝒊𝒏𝒅 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒑𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒐𝒅 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒇𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒘𝒐𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒇𝒖𝒏𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔.
𝑥
𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒎 𝒐𝒇 𝑬𝒍𝒍𝒊𝒑𝒔𝒆.  3 sin 5
𝜋𝑥
 cos 2
 (𝑥 + 1)2 + 2𝑦 2 = 4  5𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝑥 + 4 )
𝜋
3 1
 6(𝑥 + 2)2 + 9(𝑦 − 2)2 = 54
Slope: Laws of Sines and Cosine:
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒇𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒃𝒚 𝒖𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒍𝒂𝒘 𝒐𝒇
 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 − 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡 𝑜𝑓 8𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 20 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒔 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒔.
 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑛 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙  𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐶 𝑖𝑓 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = 4, 𝑐 = 5
𝜋 𝜋
𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑔ℎ (0, −√2)  𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑏 𝑖𝑓 𝑎 = √3, 𝐴 = , 𝐵 =
3 4
𝜋
 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡𝑠 𝑖𝑓 √2𝑥 − √3𝑦 = √6  𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑐 𝑖𝑓 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = 3, 𝐶 = 4
 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑛 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝑦 − 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡 − 6
𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 − 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡 2

Domain and Range: Limits:

𝑭𝒊𝒏𝒅 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒅𝒐𝒎𝒂𝒊𝒏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒇𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑬𝒗𝒂𝒍𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒇𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒍𝒊𝒎𝒊𝒕𝒔.
𝒇𝒖𝒏𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔. 1−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 1
 lim  lim 𝑥 tan (𝑥)
1 𝑥→𝜋/2 1+𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 𝑥→∞
 𝑔(𝑤) = 2+
√𝑤 𝑠𝑖𝑛 7𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 2
1
 𝑙𝑖𝑚 tan 11𝑥  lim
 𝑦 = √𝑥 − 1 𝑥→0 𝑥→0 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑥 2 −𝑥+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 sin(1−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)
 𝑦 = |𝑥| − 2  lim  lim
𝑥→0 2𝑥 𝑥→0 (1−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)
 𝑦 = 32−𝑥 + 1 2t sin2 x
 lim 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡  lim
𝑥→0 𝑥→0 𝑡𝑎𝑛 (𝑥 2 )
𝑥 𝑥/2 1 1
 lim (1 − 4)  𝑙𝑖𝑚 (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 − 𝑥)
𝑥→∞ 𝑥→0

Increasing and Decreasing Functions: Conversion Polar(𝒓, 𝜽) ⇌ Cartesian(𝒙, 𝒚)

𝑫𝒊𝒔𝒄𝒖𝒔𝒔 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒇𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒇𝒖𝒏𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔 𝒂𝒓𝒆 𝒆𝒊𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓  𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡 (𝑥 − 3)2 + (𝑦 + 1)2 = 4 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚 .
𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒐𝒓 𝒅𝒆𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒐𝒓 𝒏𝒐𝒕.  𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡 𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 = 1 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚 .
 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡 𝑟 = 4𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑎𝑛 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚 .
2𝜋
 𝑦 = 1/𝑥 2  𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡 𝑟 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( 3 − 𝜃) = 5 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑎𝑛 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚 .
 𝑦 = −𝑥 3/2 5
 𝑦 = 𝑥 3 − 7𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 5  𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡 𝑟 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃−2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑎𝑛 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚 .
Differentiation/Derivative/Slope Integration/Anti-Derivative
𝑑𝑦 𝑑 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 , 𝑖𝑓 𝑦 = 𝑥 −1/2 𝑠𝑒𝑐(2𝑥)2  𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑜𝑓 ∫
𝑑𝜃 0
𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑟 𝑑𝑦 𝑥2
 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 , 𝑖𝑓 𝑟 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛√2𝜃  𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑑𝑥
, 𝑖𝑓𝑦 = ∫0 𝑐𝑜𝑠√𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝜃
𝑑𝑦 𝑥
 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 , 𝑖𝑓 𝑦 = 𝑙𝑛(ln(𝑙𝑛𝑥))  𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑜𝑓 ∫ 𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ (5) 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑙𝑛2
 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑
𝑑𝑦
, 𝑖𝑓 𝑦 = √𝑙𝑛√𝑡  𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑖 − 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑜𝑓 ∫0 tanh(2𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑡
1/√2
𝑥2 (𝑦−1)2  𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 ∫0 2x sin−1(x 2 ) 𝑑𝑥
 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑝𝑠𝑒 + =1
√3 4
 𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 ∫ sin−1 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑤
 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 , 𝑖𝑓 sin−1 𝑤 = (2𝑡 + 5)−3/2  𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 ∫ tan−1 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑡
5
𝑑𝑧  𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 ∫ 𝑙𝑛𝑥 𝑑𝑥
 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 , 𝑖𝑓 𝑧 = [sin(𝜃 + 5)]4
𝑑𝜃
𝑑𝑟
 𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 ∫ 𝑒 2𝑥 (2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)𝑙𝑛𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2 2
 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 , 𝑖𝑓 𝑟 𝜃 + 𝑟 = 5𝜃 1
𝑑𝜃  𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 ∫ 𝑥 𝑙𝑛𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 , 𝑖𝑓 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 = 𝑥𝑦  𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑𝑢 log𝑏 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑑𝑥 (𝑠𝑒𝑐ℎ𝑢) = −𝑠𝑒𝑐ℎ𝑢 𝑡𝑎𝑛ℎ𝑢 𝑑𝑥  𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 ∫ 𝑑𝑡
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥

Critical Points: Absolute Extrema:

𝑭𝒊𝒏𝒅 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒄𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒑𝒐𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒇𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒇𝒖𝒏𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔. 𝑭𝒊𝒏𝒅 𝒂𝒃𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒆 𝒎𝒂𝒙𝒊𝒎𝒖𝒎 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒊𝒎𝒖𝒎 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆
 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 √3 − 𝑥 𝒇𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒇𝒖𝒏𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔.
1
2  𝑓(𝑥) = − 𝑥 2 , 0.5 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2
 𝑦 = 𝑥 3 (𝑥 2 − 4)
 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 2 + 𝑥  𝑔(𝑥) = −√5 − 𝑥 2 , −√5 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 0
 𝑦 = 𝑡 2 − 3𝑡 4 , [−3 , 3]

Solve Differential Equation: Vectors:

⃗ = 3𝑖̂ − 5𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂.
 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑢
𝑑𝑣 1
 = 2 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 , 𝑣(0) = 1
𝑑𝑡  𝐼𝑓 𝑎 = 𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏⃗ = 3𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂, 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃.
𝑑𝑦 𝜋
 𝑑𝑥
= 8𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 , 𝑦 (2 ) = −7  𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑎 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓𝑝 = 7𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂.


𝑑𝑦
=
𝑒 √𝑥
; 𝑦(1) = 4
 𝐼𝑓 𝑎 = −2𝑖̂ + 2𝑘, 𝑏⃗ = 6𝑖̂ − 7𝑗̂ + 𝑘, 𝑐 = 7𝑗̂ − 2𝑘
𝑑𝑥 𝑦
𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑎 . 𝑏⃗ , 𝑎 × 𝑏⃗ , 𝑐 . (𝑎 × 𝑏⃗)
 𝐼𝑓 𝑎 = −2𝑖̂ − 𝑚𝑗̂ + 2𝑘 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏⃗ = 4𝑖̂ − 7𝑗̂ + 4𝑘, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛
𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑚 𝑖𝑓 𝑎 ∥ 𝑏⃗ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑖𝑓 𝑎 ⊥ 𝑏⃗

Continuity:
 𝐹𝑜𝑟 𝑤ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑘 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝑥 2 + 3, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 < 2
𝑓(𝑥) = { 𝑖𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑜𝑢𝑠 𝑎𝑡 𝑥 = 2
𝑥 + 𝑘 , 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≥ 2
 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑢𝑠𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
2𝑥 + 5, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≤ −2
𝑓(𝑥) = { 𝑎𝑡 𝑥 = 𝑐
4𝑥 + 1 , 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 > −2
 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑛 𝑖𝑓 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝑥 2 + 3𝑛, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≤ 3
𝑓(𝑥) = { 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡
2 + 𝑥 , 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 > 3
 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑢𝑠𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
3𝑥 , 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≤ −2
2
𝑓(𝑥) = { 𝑥 − 1 , 𝑖𝑓 − 2 < 𝑥 < 2 𝑎𝑡 𝑥 = 𝑐
3 , 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≥ 2
 𝑳𝒐𝒏𝒈 𝑸𝒖𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔
Domain and Range :
𝑓
1. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑓 + 𝑔, 𝑔 , 𝑓. 𝑔 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓(𝑔(𝑥)), 𝑖𝑓 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 , 𝑔(𝑥) = √𝑥 − 1

Implicit Differentiation :
𝑑𝑝
2. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑑𝑞
, 𝑖𝑓 𝑞 = (5𝑝2 + 2𝑝)−3/2
𝑑𝑦 𝜋
3. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑑𝑥
, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥𝑦 3 + tan(𝑥 + 𝑦) = 1, 𝑎𝑡 𝑝 ( 4 , 0)
𝑑𝑦 1+𝑥
4. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑑𝑥
, 𝑖𝑓 𝑦 2 = √1 − 𝑥

Equation of Tangent and Normal:

5. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑛𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑒 (𝑦 − 𝑥)2 = 2𝑥 + 4 𝑎𝑡 (6 , 2)
6. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑛𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑒 (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )2 = (𝑥 − 𝑦)2 𝑎𝑡 (1 , −1)
7. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑛𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑒 𝑦 = 2sin(𝜋𝑥 − 𝑦) 𝑎𝑡 (1 , 0)
8. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑛 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑔ℎ (0 , 1) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑡𝑜 8𝑥 − 13𝑦 = 13
Local Extrema (Maximum & Minimum) :
9. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑥𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 1/3 (𝑥 − 4)
10. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑥𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 4 − 8𝑥 2 + 16
11. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑥𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑔(𝑡) = −3𝑡 2 + 9𝑡 + 5
Mean Value Theorem :
𝑓(𝑏)−𝑓(𝑎)
12. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑐 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑓𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑓 ′ (𝑐) = 𝑏−𝑎
, 𝑖𝑓 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 − 1 , [1 , 3]
𝑓(𝑏)−𝑓(𝑎)
13. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑐 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑓𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑓 ′ (𝑐) = 𝑏−𝑎
, 𝑖𝑓 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1, [0 ,1 ]
𝑑2 𝑟 2
14. 𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = , 𝑟 ′ (1) = 1, 𝑟(2) = 0
𝑑𝑡 2 𝑡3

Integration/Anti-Derivative/Inverse Derivative :
𝜋/2 3𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
15. 𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 ∫0 √1+3𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 2 1
16. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑖𝑓 𝑦 = ∫𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 𝑡 2 + 1 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑥
𝑥 − 1
17. 𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 ∫ √ 𝑥5
𝑑𝑥
18. 𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 ∫ √8𝑥−𝑥 2
3𝑥 2 −7𝑥
19. 𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 ∫ 𝑑𝑥
3𝑥+2
1
20. 𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 ∫ 1+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝜋
21. 𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 ∫0 𝑥 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
3

22. 𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 ∫ sin(𝑙𝑛𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

4 2
23. 𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 ∫2 𝑑𝑥
𝑥 2 −6𝑥+10

Trapezoidal and Simpson’s Rules :

24. 𝑈𝑠𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑝𝑒𝑧𝑜𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑆𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑠𝑜𝑛′ 𝑠 𝑅𝑢𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑛 = 4 𝑡𝑜 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑒𝑥𝑎𝑐𝑡
𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟.
2
 ∫0 5𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
1
 ∫0 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜋𝑡 𝑑𝑡
1
 ∫−1 cos(𝑥 + 𝜋) 𝑑𝑥
Area Between the Curves :
25. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑒𝑠 𝑦 = 7 − 2𝑥 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 4
26. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑒𝑠 𝑦 2 − 4𝑥 = 4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 4𝑥 − 𝑦 = 16
27. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑒 𝑥 = 2𝑦 2 , 𝑥 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑦 = 3
28. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑒𝑠 𝑦 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑥 , − 𝜋/4 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝜋/4

Find the length of the curve :

𝑦
29. ∫0 √𝑠𝑒𝑐 4 𝑡 − 1 𝑑𝑡 − 𝜋/4 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 𝜋/4
𝑦3 1
30. 𝑥 = 6
+ 2𝑦 , 2≤𝑦≤3
3
(2𝑡+3)2 𝑡2
31. 𝑥 = 3
, 𝑦=𝑡+ 2
0≤𝑡≤𝜋

32. 𝑥 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 , 𝑦 = 𝑡 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑡 , 0≤𝑡≤𝜋

Find the Volume of the curve(Disk and Washer Method):

33. 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑏𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑎 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑦 = 2𝑥 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑖𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒𝑑
𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑦 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑎 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑑.
34. 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑏𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑒 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑦 = −𝑥 + 3 𝑖𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒𝑑 𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒
𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑡𝑜 𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑎 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑑.
35. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑑 𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑟𝑒𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑤𝑒𝑒𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑎
𝑥 = 𝑦 2 + 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑥 = 3 𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑥 = 3
36. 𝑦 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 , 𝑦 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 , 0≤𝑥≤1
𝜋
37. 𝑥 = √2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑦 , 0≤𝑦≤ 2

√2𝑦
38. 𝑥 = 𝑦 2 +1 , 𝑥 = 0 , 𝑦 = 1

Vectors:
39. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎ℎ𝑒𝑑𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑙𝑝𝑖𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑓
𝑃(3, −1, −4) , 𝑄(5, 1, −2) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑅(−1, 6 ,2) , 𝑆(0 , 1, −1).
40. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎ℎ𝑒𝑑𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑙𝑝𝑖𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑓
𝑙 = [5, ⃗⃗ = [0, −2, 3] , 𝑛⃗ = [−1, −2, −3]
0, −4], 𝑚