Mid Exam / Spring 2020 (Paper Duration 48 hours)

To be filled by Teacher

Course No.: SOS-301 Course Title: Moral Foundations of Education

Total Marks: 12 Date of Exam: 15-06-2020
Degree: BBA Semester: 2ndSection: B
Marks
Q.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Obtained/
TotalMarks
Marks 3.5 2.5 1 7/12
Obtained

Total Marks in Words: Seven

Name of the teacher: Miss hina zahra
Who taught the course:Signature of teacher / Examiner:

To be filled by Student

Registration No.: ……………19-arid-5560………………………….……… Name:…Muhammad

Ahsan…………………………………………………..

Answer the following questions.

Q.No.1. (3.5/4)
Answer:Primary Sources:-

Primary sources provide raw information and first-hand evidence. Examples include interview
transcripts, statistical data, and works of art. A primary source gives you direct access to the subject
of your research.
Primary source is anything that gives you direct evidence about the people, events, or phenomena
that you are researching. Primary sources will usually be the main objects of your analysis.

Example:-

1) letter. 2) photographs. 3) newspapers. 4) through interviews 5) surveys, experiments) or sources

produced by people directly involved in the topic (e.g. official documents or media texts)

Secondary Sources:-
 Secondary source is anything that describes, interprets, evaluates, or analyzes information
from primary sources .Secondary source is one that gives information about a primary source. In this
source, the original information is selected, modified and arranged in a suitable format. Secondary
sources involve generalization, analysis, interpretation, or evaluation of the original information

Example:-

1) Books, articles and documentaries that synthesize information on a topic

2). Synopses and descriptions of artistic works
3). Encyclopedias and textbooks that summarize information and ideas
4). Reviews and essays that evaluate or interpret something
5). When you cite a secondary source, it’s usually not to analyze it directly. Instead, you’ll probably
test its arguments against new evidence or use its ideas to help formulate your own.

Source to be mobilized:-

Most research uses both primary and secondary sources. They complement each other to
help you build a convincing argument. Primary sources are more credible as evidence, but secondary
sources show how your work relates to existing research.
you don’t use any primary sources, your research may be considered unoriginal or unreliable.
When you conduct a literature review, you can consult secondary sources to gain a thorough
overview of your topic. If you want to mention a paper or study that you find cited in a secondary
source, seek out the original source and cite it directly.

Remember that all primary and secondary sources must be correctly cited to avoid plagiarism.

Q.No.2. (2.5/4)
Answer:
Five major traits that makes the men characterful.According to psychologists. They are
introversion/extroversion, openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and
neuroticism.
...
The most widely accepted of these traits are the Big Five:
1). Openness.
2). Conscientiousness.
3). Extraversion.
4). Agreeableness.
5). Neuroticism

It has two types:-

1). Stable
2). Unstable

1). Stable:-
Stable is basically unchanging factor.It contains personality, some people habits remains the same
from the childhood to adulthood.
stability refers to a person's ability to remain stable and balanced. At the other end of the
scale, a person who is high in neuroticism has a tendency to easily experience negative

Example:-
If a person fails and he says that if I have such a fate it will come to the stable quality

2). Unstable:-

Unstable qualities is basically a temporary factor.It believes that a event or a behavior occurs is
due to the instability of the event

Example:-

Despite being educated a man does not get a job and he forced to take a wrong Step

Q.No.3. (1/4)
Answer: Personality:-

Personality is defined as the characteristic sets of behaviors, cognitions, and emotional

patterns that evolve from biological and environmental factors.[1] While there is no generally agreed
upon definition of personality, most theories focus on motivation and psychological interactions with
one's environment.[2] Trait-based personality theories, such as those defined by Raymond Cattell,
define personality as the traits that predict a person's behavior. On the other hand, more
behaviorally-based approaches define personality through learning and habits. Nevertheless, most
theories view personality as relatively stable.

The study of the psychology of personality, called personality psychology, attempts to explain the
tendencies that underlie differences in behavior. Many approaches have been taken on to study
personality, including biological, cognitive, learning and trait-based theories, as well as
psychodynamic, and humanistic approaches. Personality psychology is divided among the first
theorists, with a few influential theories being posited by Sigmund Freud, Alfred Adler, Gordon
Allport, Hans Eysenck, Abraham Maslow, and Carl Rogers.

Elements of personality:-

1) Openness to Experience
2) Conscientiousness
3) Extraversion
4) Agreeableness
5) Neuroticism (emotionality)

Most psychologists believe that these elements are usually stable and result from interaction
between a person's genes and his environment.

1) Openness to experience- (Inventive/Curious vs. Consistent/Cautious):-

Openness to experience refers to a person's accepted level of imagination and includes multiple
experiences like appreciating art, experiencing various emotions and taking up adventurous ideas.
Someone who is inventive and curious is likely to have a more active intellectual thought process
and multiple/different ways of dealing with a situation or problem.

2) Conscientiousness-( Efficient/ Organized vs. Easy-going/ Careless)

It represents a planned and organized approach rather than spontaneity and randomness. A
'structured' person puts great value on order and control which reflects a way of approaching tasks.
For example, such a person plans a project to the last detail, in a precise manner. In certain extreme
cases, it appears somewhat obsessional or overly perfectionist. A 'low structured' person has a more
relaxed and casual approach to life. As long as jobs are completed, they do not worry about systems
or schedules or organization and can sometimes appear disorganized. They may miss important
details or be late for appointments. In a managerial sense, they prefer the over-view or strategic
approach, rather than the detail-oriented approach of a project.

3). Extraversion-( Outgoing/Energetic vs. Solitary/Reserved)

Extraversion implies energy, positive emotions, forcefulness, friendliness, and chattiness. The
extrovert person is sociable, outgoing and attracted to others. However, extroverts can be impulsive
and sometimes take risks without weighing the odds. Contrarily, an introvert is less concerned with
others and is more inward-looking. Generally, they have a moderate outlook and a cautious
approach to work, but lack excitement. Introverts do not want to be 'in charge' nor do they seek
limelight. More often, their attitude is one of a personal challenge (the inner game), rather than
competition with others