UNIT II-Qualitative Research and

its Importance in Daily Life

LESSON 3-WHAT IS
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH?
 Objectives:
After this lesson, you should, you should
be able to:

1. Analyze the use of unfamiliar term in

a sentence to know its meaning;
2. Obtain a thorough or in-depth
knowledge of qualitative research;
3. Clarify your understanding of
qualitative research;
4. Explain the elements or characteristics
of qualitative research;
5. Justify the usefulness of qualitative
research;
6. Compare and contrast the types of
qualitative research;
7. Match a given research topic with the
right research type.
What is Qualitative Research?

-This is a research type that puts

premium or high value on people’s
thinking or point of view
conditioned by their personal traits.
 Characteristics of a Qualitative
Research:
1. Human understanding and
interpretation
Data analysis results show an
individual’s mental , social, and
spiritual understanding of the world.
 2. Active, Powerful, and Forceful
A lot of changes occur continuously
in stage of qualitative research.
You are not fixated to a certain plan.
rather, you are inclined to discover
your qualitative research design as
your study gradually unfolds or
reveals itself in accordance with your
research objectives
3. Multiple research
approaches and methods
Qualitative research
allows you to approach or
plan your study in varied
ways.
4. Specificity to
generalization
Specific ideas in a quantitative
research are directed to a
general understanding of
something.
It follows an inductive or
scientific method of thinking
5. Contextualization
A qualitative research involves all
variables, factors, or conditions
affecting the study.
Your goal here is to understand the
human behavior.
6. Diversified data in real-life
situations
A qualitative research prefers collecting
data in a natural setting like observing
people as they live and work, analyzing
photographs or videos as they
genuinely appear to people, and
looking at classrooms unchanged or
adjusted to people’s intentional
observation
7. Abounds with words and
visuals
 words, words, and more words
come in a big quantity in this kind
of research
Data gathering through interviews
or library reading, as well as the
presentation of data analysis results,
is done verbally.
8. Internal analysis
 Here, you examine the data yielded by
the internal traits of the subject
individuals( i.e, emotional, mental,
spiritual characteristics).
 You study people’s perception or
views about your topic, not the effects
of their physical existence on your
study
Types of Qualitative Research
1. Case study
 This type of qualitative research usually
takes place in the field of social care,
nursing, psychology, rehabilitation centers,
education.
 This involves a long time study of a
person, group, organization, or situation.
 It seeks to find answers to why such thing
occurs to the subject.
2. ethnography
Falling in the field of
anthropology, ethnography is the
study of a particular cultural
group to get clear understanding
of its organizational set-up,
internal operation, and lifestyle
3. phenomenology
 Coming from the word “phenomenon”,
which means something known through
sensory experience, phenomenology refers
to the study of how people find their
experiences meaningful
 Its primary goal is to make people
understand their experiences about death
of loved ones, care for handicapped
persons, friendliness of people.
4. Content and Discourse
Analysis
Content analysis is a method of quantitative
research that requires an analysis or
examination of the substance or content of
the mode of communication(letters,
books, journals, photos, video recording
online messages, emails, audio-visual
materials , etc.) used by a person, group,
organization, or any institution in
communicating.
5. Historical analysis
Central to this qualitative research
method is the examination of
primary documents to make you
understand the connection of
past events to the present time.
6. Grounded theory
Grounded theory takes place
when you discover a new theory
to underlie your study at the
time of data collection and
analysis.
Advantages or strengths of
qualitative research
1. It adopts a naturalistic
approach to its subject matter,
which means that those
involve in the research
understand things based on
what they find meaningful
2. It promotes a full
understanding of human
behavior traits in their natural
setting.
3. It is instrumental for positive
societal changes
4. It engenders respect for
people’s individuality as it
demands the researcher’s careful
and attentive stand toward
people’s world views.
5. It is a way of understanding
and interpreting social
interactions.
6.It increases the researcher’s
interest in the study as it include
the researcher’s experience or
background knowledge in
interpreting verbal and visual
data.
7. It offers multiple ways of
acquiring and examining
knowledge about something
Disadvantages or weaknesses of
qualitative research
1. It involves a lot of researcher’s
subjectivity in data analysis
2. It is hard to know the validity
or reliability of the data
3. Its open-ended questions yield “
data overload” that requires long
time analysis
4. It is time-consuming
5. It involves several processes,
which results greatly depend on
the researcher’s views or
interpretation
ACTIVITY 6 ½ paper
Explain the concepts you have
learned by answering the following:
1. What comes to your mind the
moment you hear ‘qualitative
research’?
2. Differentiate subjectivity from
objectivity.
Activity6 -

Provide the meaning:

1. Premium 6. Vision
2. Emanating 7. Gear
3. Constantly 8. Yield
4. Fixated 9. Diverse
5. Abound 10. Indispensable
ACTIVITY 6 ½ paper
3. Given the chance to research,
what would you right away
choose type of qualitative
research? Give reasons for your
answer.
 ACTIVITY 6
3. Name the type of qualitative research
best suited for the following:
a. Travails of Senior Citizen at the
LRT/MRT Stations
b. Grade 11 Practical Research Textbook
c. The Favorite Brand of Sardines
d. CIT-U at 60(years of excellence)
e. Muslim wedding Rites
 ACTIVITY 6
f. The Reader’s Digest
g. Historical Foundation of Basketball
h. Cultural Show in the Philippine Arena
i. SHS Faculty Evaluation based on
DepEd standards and guidelines
j. Historical Development of Filipino
Novels in English
 LESSON 4

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH in
DIFFERENT AREAS of KNOWLEDGE
 Lesson 4– Qualitative Research in
Different Areas of Knowledge
Objectives: After this lesson, you should be able to:
1. Widen your vocabulary;
2. Express your worldviews using newly learned
words;
3. Explain how qualitative studies takes place in
other areas of knowledge;
4. Differentiate hard sciences from soft sciences
concerning research studies;
5. Specify the data collecting technique for a certain
area of knowledge.
 Assignment (12/15/2016)- 1/4paper
Vocabulary: Using the other words in the cluster as
clues, give the meaning of the underlined word in
each set.
1. granted, yielded, given, imparted
2. real, true, certain, actual
3. ethical, decent, moral, righteous
4. essential, basic, necessary, indispensable
5. dichotomy, opposition, separation, division
6. mutual, symbiotic, reciprocal, complementary
7. believed, derived, concluded, deduced
 Lesson 4– Qualitative Research in
Different Areas of Knowledge
Subject Areas Research Approaches
1. Positive or scientific – gives stress to
measurable and observable facts, instead of
personal views, feelings, or attitudes.
- it can be used in hard sciences or
STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering,
Medicine) and natural sciences (Biology,
Physics and Chemistry).
- allows control of variables or
factors affecting the study.
 Lesson 4– Qualitative Research in
Different Areas of Knowledge
Note: 1. To become positivist or scientific in
research study, collect data in controlled ways
through questionnaires or structured
interviews.
Ex. Medical researcher subjects the data to a
controlled laboratory experiment (quantitative
data)
2. The factual data collected are recorded in
numerical or statistical forms using numbers,
percentages, fractions, and the like
 Lesson 4– Qualitative Research in
Different Areas of Knowledge
2. Naturalistic – is people-oriented.
- data collected, represent personal
views, attitudes, thoughts, emotions, and other
subjective traits of people in a natural setting.
- collecting data is done in family,
homes, playground, workplaces, or schools.
- focuses on discovering the real concept
or meaning behind people’s lifestyles and social
relations.
 Lesson 4– Qualitative Research in
Different Areas of Knowledge
- lets you present things qualitatively
through verbal language, using words
(qualitative data)- one type of data that exists
in abundance in social sciences/soft
sciences: Anthropology, Business, Education,
Economics, Law, Politics, and all subjects
aligned with business and all those focused
on helping professions such as Nursing,
Counseling, Physical Therapy, and the like.
 Lesson 4– Qualitative Research in
Different Areas of Knowledge
Researches under any
humanistic categories:
1. Literature and Art Criticism –
researcher, using well-chosen language
and appropriate organizational pattern,
depend greatly on their interpretative
and reflective thinking in evaluating the
object of their study critically.
 Lesson 4– Qualitative Research in
Different Areas of Knowledge
2. Philosophical Research – the focus of
inquiry is on knowledge and principles of
being and on the manner human beings
conduct themselves on earth.
3. Historical Research – the investigation
centers on events and ideas that took
place in man’s life at a particular period.
 Activity 7- A
KEY TERMS INFORMATION/ Memory Clues(sentence
MEANING expressing your
experience about the key
term
yielded
actual
ethical
indispensable
Dichotomy
symbiotic
deduced
 Activity 7- B Choose a partner
Statements Agree Disagree Reasons/Reactions
/Comments
1. Reasons happen in just one
field of knowledge.
2. All research types apply to all
data collecting techniques.
3. Subjectivity exists in any
social science research.
4. Biology and Chemistry are
hard sciences.
5. The mixed method of
research happens only in
quantitative research.