St.

Matthew College
Senior High School Department

Subject Matter Outline

Subject PRACTICAL Second Semester Third Quarter

RESEARCH 1
Grade Level 11 School Year 2023-2024

Unit Topics Duration in Weeks

Unit II: Qualitative Research and Its Importance in Daily 3-4 weeks
Life

Lesson 3 Qualitative Research

Definition of Qualitative Research
Characteristics of Qualitative Research
Types of Qualitative Research
Advantages or Strengths of Qualitative Research
Disadvantages or Weaknesses of Qualitative

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
GRADE 11-STEM DESCARTES/EULER/GAUSS/PASCAL
Prepared by: Ms. Susana D. Caranto
Objectives
 After this lesson, you should be able to:
 1. discuss the approaches of research
 2. classify research based on a set of criteria
 3. differentiate the various types of research
A research approach is the procedure selected by the researcher to collect, analyze, and
interpret data. There are three approaches to research: quantitative, qualitative, and mixed
methods.
 Quan-su,fo, Ex-ca,mi, Qual- Des, Int
 The three common approaches to conducting research are quantitative, qualitative, and
mixed methods.
 What are examples of a research approach?- Five examples of research could be surveys,
observations, generating research questions, interviews, and focus groups. These
examples are dependent on the type of research methodology used.
Scientific or positive approach-In which you discover and measure information as well as
observe and control variables in an impersonal manner
 Data gathering techniques-Structured interviews, Questionnaires, Observational checklists
 A structured interview is a systematic approach to interviewing where you ask the same
predetermined questions to all candidates in the same order and you rate them with a
standardized scoring system.
 A questionnaire is a research tool used to conduct surveys. It includes specific questions
with the goal to understand a topic from the respondents' point of view. Questionnaires
typically have closed-ended, open-ended, short-form, and long-form questions.
 An observation checklist is a list of things that an observer is going to look at when
observing a class. This list may have been prepared by the observer or the teacher or
both.
 An Observation Checklist is a review tool that can be used in courses for on-hands
training and observable activities.
 Naturalistic approach uses words. This research approach directs you to deal with
qualitative data that speak of how people behave toward their surroundings.
 Non-numerical data that expresses truths about the way people perceive or understand
the world.It happens in a natural setting.
 UNIT 2 QUALITATIVE RESEARCH AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN DAILY LIFE
 After this lesson, you should be able to:
 1.obtain a thorough or in-depth knowledge of qualitative research
 2. explain the elements or characteristics of qualitative research
 3. compare and contrast the types of qualitative research
 4. justify the usefulness of qualitative research
 CHARACTERISTICS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
 1. Human understanding and interpretation-Show an individual’s mental, social, and spiritual
understanding of the world. Through their worldviews, you come to know what kind of
human being he or she including his or her values, beliefs, likes and dislikes.
  2. active, powerful, and forceful-Find the need to amend or rephrase interview questions and
consider varied ways of getting answers like shifting from more speculating to traveling to
places for data gathering.
 3. Multiple research approaches and methods-Allows you to approach or plan your study in
varied ways. You are free to combine quantitative research and use all gathered data and
analysis techniques.
 Being multi-method research-qual-applies to all research types DES,EXPLO,EXPLA,CA
 Descriptive,exploratory,explanatory, case study
 4. Specificity to generalization-Specific ideas are directed to a general understanding of
something. These will lead to more complex ideas such as generalizations or conclusions.
 5. Contextualization-A quantitative research involves all variables, factors, or conditions
affecting the study. Your goal is to understand the human behavior.
 6. DIVERSIFIED DATA IN REAL-LIFE SITUATIONS-A qualitative research prefers collecting
data in a natural setting like observing people as they live and work, and looking at
unchanged or adjusted to people’s intentional observations.
 7. Abounds with words and visuals-Words, words, words come in big quantity in this kind of
research. Data gathering through interviews or library reading, as well as the presentation
of data analysis results is done verbally.
 8. Internal analysis-You study people’s perception or views about your topic, not the effects
of their physical existence on your study. Subjected to a qualitative research, the
investigation centers on underlying theories or principles that govern these material and
understand usefulness to people.
Objectives
 After this lesson, you should be able to:
 1. Identify the characteristics of a qualitative research
 2. Discuss the types of qualitative research
 3. enumerate the advantages and disadvantages of qualitative research
Types of qualitative research
 1. case study
 2. ethnography
 3. phenomenology
 4. content analysis and discourse analysis
 5. historical analysis
 6. grounded theory
 1. Case study-This involves a long-time study of a person, group, organization, or
situation. It seeks to find answers to why such thing occurs to the subject.
 2. Ethnography-Is the study of a particular cultural group to get a clear understanding of its
organizational set-up, internal operation, and lifestyle. A particular group reveals the
nature or characteristics of their own culture through the world perceptions of the cultural
groups’ members.
 3. Phenomenology-Phenomenon- which means understanding something known through
sensory experience, phenomenology refers to the study of how people find their
experiences meaningful.
 Understanding the meaning attached to their experiences.
 4. Content and discourse analysis-Content analysis is a method of quantitative research that
requires an analysis or examination of the substance or content of the mode of
communication (letters, books,journals, photos, video recordings, SMS, online messages,
emails, audio-visual materials used by a person, group, organization, or any institution in
communicating.
 5. Historical analysis-Central to this qualitative research method is the examination of
primary documents to make you understand the connection of past events to the present
time. The results of your content analysis will help you specify phenomenological
changes in aspects of society through the years.
 6. Grounded theory-Takes place when you discover a new theory to underlie your study at
the time of data collection and analysis.Through your observation on your subjects you
will happen to find a theory that applies to your current study. Interview,observation, and
documentary analysis are the data gathering techniques for this type of qualitative
research.


 Advantages or strengths of qualitative research
 1. It adopts a naturalistic approach to its subject matter, which means that those involve in
the research understand things based on what they find meaningful.
 2. It promotes a full understanding of human behavior or personality traits in their natural
setting.
 3. It is instrumental for positive societal changes.
 4. It engenders respect for people’s individuality as it demands the researcher’s careful
and attentive stand toward people’s world views.
 5. It is a way to understanding and interpreting social interactions.
 6.It increases the researcher’s interest in the study as it includes the researcher’s
experience or background knowledge in interpreting verbal and visual data.
 7. It offers multiple ways of acquiring and examining knowledge about something.
Disadvantages or weaknesses of qualitative research
 1. it involves a lot of researcher’s subjectivity in data analysis.
 2. It is hard to know the validity or reliability of the data.
 3. Its open-ended questions yield “data overload” that requires long-time analysis.
 4. It is time-consuming.
 5. It involves several process in which results gretly depend on the researcher’s views or
interpretation.
Group activity
 Form a group of 4. Using a ppt, do any of the following task.
 A. Do a semantic map showing your imagination of the way a researcher conducts his or
her ethnographic research in a certain place.
 B. Sketch the varied observational activities the researcher will do to gather data about
this topic. “The Favorite Brand of Sardines of Residents in the Happy Nook Subdivision.”
 C. Draw a table with three columns where you can list down topics of your own (5).
 The first column is for the topic, second, for the purpose, and the third, for the type of
qualitative research to be used.
 D. Categorize the given research topic inside the triangle representing the science under
which such chosen topic is researchable.
 Research topic/s
 1. Iron Contents of Oregano Plants
 2.Aling Bebs: A Filipino Centenarian
 3. Electrical Wirings of a Japanese Cat
 4. Microorganisms in a Canal
 5. Parents’ Views About the K-12 Curriculum
 6. St. Joseph’s Grade 8 Teachers’ Questioning Techniques
 7. Medicinal Elements of Guava Leaves
 8. Historical Development of Filipino Novels in English
 9. Muslim Wedding Rites
 10. The Nature of Covid-19 Virus