Peat LANDSCAPE

Bonno van der Horst - 1412698

1 | LOCATION AND CONTEXT
Photo analysis
1.1 photo analysis

Figure 2: Shape of the plot

Visual Border

Plot lines

Ditch

Figure 3: Picture on location (streetview, 2019)

The photo shows the lot of the peat landscape. The photo was taken on the west side of the lot. What is clearly visible in the photo is that the plot and the road are
separated by a ditch. The neighboring lot is also separated by a similar kind of ditch, but this is not visible in the photo. On part of the plot is a farm, this is also part of the
separation of the plot. The other border that cannot be seen in the photo is also a border through a ditch and a farm. The plot is therefore separated by ditches, which is
also characteristic of the peat landscape.
Aerial view

1.2 Aerial View

Figure 4: Aerial Picture (google earth, 2021)

The satellite photo shows how the farm is situated on the plot. It also shows the street and the different ditches of all lots, as well as the boundaries of the analysis lot.
Topographic map

1.3 Topographic map

Figure 5: topographic map (topokaartnederland.nl, 2020)

This map shows a rectangular plot that is formed by the different ditches that are parallel and perpendicular to each other. The brook the Donge can also be seen on the
map.
Connection to landscape typology

1.3 Connection to landscape typology

Figure 6: Topographic map, zoomed out (topokaartnederland.nl, 2020)

The analyzed plot belongs to an agricultural area. Just below the plot is the brook the Donge, which is known for a brook running along different landscape types. Of
heath that lies meters above the peat area that has been cut off, and the urban area in Tilburg where it flows into the Wilhelmina Canal. (Rijkswaterstaat, 2020).
At the top you will find the town of Raamsdonk, which is an elongated place on a sand ridge. The place is surrounded by the lower parts of the peat soil, including the
plot on Lageweg. At this location you will also find many farms that maintain the almost rectangular pieces of land. (wikipedia, 2021)
What is also clearly visible on this map are the many canals in the peat area. These channels were used, among other things, for the dewatering of the area and the
transport of the chipped peat. The remaining land is now used for agriculture.
Historical and current situation

1.4 Historical and current situation

Figure 9: Topographic Map 1900 (topotijdreis.nl, 1900) Figure 8: Topographic map 1960 (topotijdreis.nl, 1960) Figure 7: Topographic map 1980 (topotijdreis.nl, 1980)

As can be seen in the figures above, a number of things have changed over time. The cultivation of the peat started early in the 19th century. This made the many
straight channels. These were used to drain the pieces of soil and to transport the peat that was cut off. This cutting off lasted until approximately just after the Second
World War. After this peat was no longer interesting as a fuel, due to the arrival of gas and oil. Then it was decided to parcel out this area and use it as an agricultural
area. The Lageweg has been extended to better reach the land. (wikipedia, 2021)
In 1980 the first farms were established to cultivate the land. What can be clearly seen here is that most farmers have filled in a number of ditches to make the land more
usable and larger. This is also possible because the transport no longer takes place via these channels, but by the first tractors.
The difference between 1980 and 2021 is not that big in this area. Most of the land is still used for agriculture. However, a few parts in this area have become nature
reserves. Looking at the history you can see that the peat cutting has had a major influence on the landscape. Most of the land is meters lower than the sandy area and
the shape of the plots is also the result of peat extraction.
2 | ABIOTIC ASPECTS
2 Abiotic aspects
Water
2.1management analysis
water management analysis

Figure 10: Water management of the plot and the surroundings

Figure 10 shows all ditches of the lot, it also shows the brook the Donge. All ditches connect to this via other larger channels. The ditches are still used for drainage
today.
Soil analyse

2.2 Soil analyse

Peat
Clay
Sand

Figure 11: soil analyse (Kaartenbank Noord Brabant, N.D.)

The lot consists almost entirely of peat, except for a small corner. This little corner is sandy soil. Peat is a transition area between clay and sand, which can be seen very
well on this map.
Geomorphology analysis

2.3 Geomorphology analysis

Very fine sand

Fine sand
Coarse sand

Figure 12: Surface material (Kaartenbank Noord Brabant, N.D.)

As can be seen in figure 12, in the places of clay, the surface material mainly consists of very fine sand, the peat area of fine sand and the sandy area of coarse sand.
3 | BIOTIC ASPECTS
3 Biotic
Current aspects elements
landscape
3.1 Current landscape elements

Figure 13: Landscape elements

The main landscape elements are the trees along the private road along the meadows and the wider ditch connecting the smaller ditches with the Beek de Donge.
Ecological structure

3.2 Ecological structure

built-up area
green-blue mantle
Nature network

Figure 14: Ecological network (kaartenbank Noord Brabant, N.D.)

The area in which the lot is located is called the green-blue mantle. This is a buffer zone to absorb climate changes that the nature network itself cannot cope with. This
mantle lies along the nature network.
4 | ANTRHROPOGENIC ASPECTS
4 Anthropogenic
Artificial elements aspects
4.1 Artificial elements

Farm
Water management
Grass
Private land
Paved Road
Unpaved roads

Figure 15: Artificial elements map

The entire lot is now artificially created. Before peat was cultivated, this area was mainly swampy area. After the drainage was completed, the plots were dried up, after
which peat was extracted. As a result, the land has come down and the rectangular lots have been created.
The paved road is used to reach the farm by cars, trucks and agricultural vehicles. The dirt roads are only used by the farmer with agricultural vehicles to reach the land.
The different functions of the land

4.2 The different functions of the land

Farm
Water management
Grass
Corn

Figure 16: map of different functions of the land (kaartenbank Noord Brabant, N.D.)

As can be seen in figure 14, most of the plot is used as grassland. Specific grassland for grazing livestock. A small part of the plot is used for water management.
Road map

4.3 The different functions of the land

Paved
Unpaved

Figure 17: Roads map

5 | SCHEMATIC DESIGN PROPOSALS
5 Schematic
Traditional farmdesign proposals
Traditional farm

Figure 18: Farm on the plot (streetview, 2019) Figure 19: Farm on the plot (streetview, 2019)

• Characteristics
The farms on this lot are often small houses with brown bricks. These homes are based on the head-neck farms. However, these houses do not have the shed behind it.
I expect this one used to be behind it. In the past, parts were added to the house when the harvest was greater. This is still possible, but nowadays you see more that
the shed is separate from the house.
• Position
The house is parallel to the road. The farms often have a small front garden between the road and the facade.
• Accesibility
The front door of the house is usually on the long side in the middle of the house. The grounds of the farm are easily accessible via the large driveway, which is also
necessary for the ever-growing agricultural vehicles. The house must also be easily accessible for suppliers and the milk truck.
• Size of (private) garden
The garden of the house itself is not very big. The house has a small front garden and often a small back garden. The farm house is often protected by a bush or a plant
border.
• The position of the trees and shrubbery
The trees are planted along the road. The bushes are placed between the road and the house to create a natural shielding. The bushes to screen off the backyard are
higher than those in the front yard to create more privacy.
• General appearance
All in all, the farm is a small house that is not close to other houses. The house has a sloping roof with concrete tiles, the facades consist of red or brown bricks.
Manor

Manor

Figure 20: La paix in Nieuw Amsterdam

• Characteristics
The manor was often inhabited by noble families who were often large landowners, these were also often the owners of the peatlands. Characteristic of these houses
are the high floors and the high windows. The houses often have two floors with a gable roof. (wikipedia, 2018)
• Position
The house is often positioned in such a way that the house overlooks the piece of land that the owners own.
• Accesibility
The front door of the house is usually on the long side in the middle of the house. The houses often have large driveways. The road is usually built on behalf of the first
owner.
• Size of (private) garden
The gardens of the house are usually large. The houses are often on large pieces of land with large landscaped gardens and front gardens through which the driveway
runs.
• The position of the trees and shrubbery
The trees are grouped together in forests. This makes the house very private. How the trees are placed often has to do with what a view is needed, this is often the land
the owners own. Because the owners are often noble and rich, the houses often stand on large landscaped gardens. This also determines how the trees and bushes are
placed.
• General appearance
The manor is often director's houses with high windows and a high floor. The houses were very luxurious at the time. The houses often have a view of the land that the
owners own. The houses were also very large for that time, workers lived in sod huts and the directors in large manors.
Cottage

Cottage

Figure 21: British cottage

• Characteristics
The cottage is a typical English country house. The house can be made of wood or stone and covered with roof tile or thatch. Most cottages contain the house, the barn
and the stable. Often surrounded by a small piece of land (Corradi, 2020).
• Position
The house is often positioned in such a way that the house is parallel to the road. Just like the Dutch farms.
• Accesibility
The front door of the house is usually on the long side in the middle of the house. The houses often have long driveways.
• Size of (private) garden
The gardens of the house are usually large. The houses are often on pieces of land that used to be maintained by the farmer who lived in the cottage. Today this soil is
often used as a garden.
• The position of the trees and shrubbery
The trees are often on all sides of the houses. This usually depends on the location. The trees are important as characteristic elements because the gardens are often
designed as shady relaxation areas
• General appearance
Cottages are old farms that used to house the stable and barn. Nowadays the houses look as if time has stood still, this often also applies to the landscape in which the
houses are located.
Barn house

Barn house

Figure 22: Barn house with roof tiles Figure 23: Barn house with thatched roof

• Characteristics
The barn house is a modern way of housing. The houses initially resemble a barn, often with a timber construction, wooden facades or stone facades. The house has an
elongated shape with a roof that can be covered with tiles or thatch. The houses often have large windows and are therefore usually in the countryside with few
neighbors.
• Position
The house is often positioned in such a way that the house overlooks the countryside. The placement therefore depends on where the view is and where the large
windows are placed.
• Accesibility
The front door of the house is usually on the long side in the middle of the house. The houses often have an extension in the roof up to the ground floor where the front
door is placed.
• Size of (private) garden
The gardens of the house are usually large. The houses are often on pieces of land that used to be pasture. What now furnished to live on.
• The position of the trees and shrubbery
The trees are often at the front and the side of the house, but almost never at the back. This is because usually the view is at the back of the house and to preserve the
view usually no trees or bushes are placed here..
• General appearance
Barn houses look like it is called a barn. The roofs usually have tiles or a thatched roof.
Notary house

Notary house

Figure 24: Notary house

• Characteristics
What characterizes the notary's house is the symmetrical facade with small dormer windows. The frames often have luxurious moldings and a symmetrical rod
distribution. The house is characterized by the narrow windows.
• Position
The house is often positioned in such a way that the house is parallel to the road, so that the luxurious long facade is visible from the road.
• Accesibility
The front door of the house is usually on the long side in the middle of the house. The front door usually has a chic appearance because they are often higher than the
street and are reached by a staircase.
• Size of (private) garden
The garden houses often have luxuriously landscaped front gardens, which are often arranged symmetrically. The backyard is usually sheltered and private, the size of
which depends on the location.
• The position of the trees and shrubbery
The trees are often along the street and on the side of the house. The facade must remain clearly visible and usually there are as many trees and bushes on the left as
on the right.
• General appearance
The notary houses are often chic-looking houses in which symmetry is very important. The house is often higher than the road and can be reached via a staircase with a
low slope. The houses often have richly decorated details.
The concepts used for the proposal dwellings are:
Style orientated
• Manor
• Cottage
• Notary house
• Barn house
Landscape orientated
• Farm
• Manor

The five Houses can be divided into two categories, style orientated and landscape orientated. Both categories have a number of similarities, the biggest similarity is that
all the houses in the countryside are placed on large pieces of land with few neighbors. Also, all examples usually have the long side parallel to the road and the front
door in the long side.

However, there are also a number of differences in the houses. The biggest difference is what the function of the land is. At the cottage and farm, the function of the land
is often to have livestock on them or to grow crops. As a result, the gardens are often a bit smaller because as much land as possible is used for the company. However,
the function of the cottage has changed over time. Due to the appearance of the building as if it seems that time has stood still, recreational purposes have been created
in many cottages and it no longer has a farm function.

The manor and the barn house have similarities in how the building is placed. Both buildings are placed to look out over large areas of land.

The manor and the notary house also have similarities, especially in how the facades are made. The appearance of both houses is very important. Ornate details and
frame around the window frames are often used. This was mainly to show how much the owners earn. However, symmetry is still very important for the notary's house.
This is less important with the manor.

So the five examples have some similarities and differences in how they interact with nature and what they look like.
6 | REFERENCES
Bibliografie

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karakter%20van%20het%20gezin.

Google. (n.d.). Google maps. Google Maps. Retrieved March 11, 2021, from https://maps.google.com

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Kadaster. (n.d.-b). Topotijdreis: 200 jaar topografische kaarten. Topotijdreis. Retrieved March 11, 2021, from https://topotijdreis.nl/

Provincie Noord- Brabant. (n.d.). bodematlas. Kaartbank.Nl. Retrieved March 11, 2021, from https://kaartbank.brabant.nl/viewer/app/bodematlas

Rijkswaterstaat. (2020, July 28). Donge - informatie en waterdata. https://www.rijkswaterstaat.nl/water/vaarwegenoverzicht/donge/index.aspx

Soorten huizen op het platteland: een charmante vergelijking tussen cottages, boerderijen en huisjes. (2020, August 3). Corradi.

https://www.corradi.eu/nl/magazine/Soorten-huizen-op-het-platteland

Topografische kaart Nederland. (n.d.). Topokaart Nederland. Retrieved March 11, 2021, from https://topokaartnederland.nl/

Wikipedia-bijdragers. (2018, June 29). La Paix (Nieuw-Amsterdam). Wikipedia. https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Paix_(Nieuw-Amsterdam)

Wikipedia-bijdragers. (2021, February 27). Raamsdonk. Wikipedia. https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raamsdonk