Weather and Climate

Republic of the Philippines
MARINDUQUE STATE COLLEGE

Main Campus:Boac/Branches:Santa Cruz·Torrijos·Gasan
Panfilo M. Manguera Sr. Rd, Tanza, Boac, Marinduque 4900
Tel. No: (042) 332-2028 Email Address: sucpresident.msc@gmail.com
Website: www.marinduquestatecollege.edu.ph
FSSE 123: Places and Landscape in a Changing World
(WEATHER AND CLIMATE)
Precentors: Clark Justine A. Jalac

Charmaine Guevarra
Year/Course: BsEd 1 Social Studies
Date of Report: February 27, 2024

Content:
• Definition of Weather and Climate
• Study about Weather and Climate
• Elements of Weather and Climate
• About Climate Change
• Way how to lessen the effect of Climate Change
Objective:
• Define what is weather and climate.
• Define meteorology and explain its significance in studying weather and climate
phenomena.
• Classify and analyze the difference between Weather and Climate.
• Explain the Concept of Climate Change.
• Understand the ways on how to lessen the climate change.
WEATHER
• Weather is the mix of events that happen each day in our atmosphere. Weather is different
in different parts of the world and changes over minutes, hours, days and weeks. Most
weather happens in the troposphere, the part of Earth’s atmosphere that is closest to the
ground.
• Temporary behavior of atmosphere (what’s going on at any certain time)
• Small geographic area
• Can change rapidly
METEOROLOGY
• The study of weather is meteorology.

• Someone who studies weather is called a meteorologist.
Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration

(PAGASA)
• The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration
(PAGASA) is mandated “to provide protection against natural calamities and utilize
scientific knowledge as an effective instrument to ensure the safety, wellbeing, and
economic security of all the people
ELEMENTS OF WEATHER
A. Pressure D. Winds
B. Temperature E. Clouds
C. Precipitation

SOLAR HEAT STORAGE

• Heat is absorbed by and released from objects.
• Water absorbs and releases more heat than land.
– Land heats and cools more quickly and to a greater extent than water.
– Water is a moderating influence on temperatures.
ADIABATIC PROCESS
• Water vapor in the atmosphere affects the heating/cooling rate of air
• Latent heat (stored in water vapor) affects temperatures
• Latent heat exchange (transfer of heat from lower altitudes to higher ones) is very
important in causing precipitation.
LATITUDE
• A horizontal imaginary line dividing the planet into northern and southern hemisphere,
where in located at the center is what we called the equator.
3 MEAN HEAT ZONE ON EARTH:

1. Tropics or torrid zone - includes the areas between the tropic of cancer and tropic of
Capricorn.
• ·Hot temperature
• Heavy rains
• Characterized with dense forest

TEMPERATE ZONE
• covers the area between tropic of cancer and arctic circle in the northern hemisphere and
between tropic Capricorn and Antarctic circle in southern hemisphere.
Four seasons:
• Summer
• Winter
• Spring
• Fall or autumn
ARCTIC ZONE OR FRIGID ZONE

• Lies between the arctic circle and north pole as well the Antarctic circle and South pole.
ALTITUDE
• The height of an object or point in relation to sea level or ground level.
• This happens because as altitude increases, air becomes thinner and is less able to absorb
and retain heat.

TOPOGRAPHY
• the physical features of a place affect the climate of a place. Mountains receive more
rainfall than low lying areas because the temperature of the on top of the mountains is
lower than the temperature at sea level.
Climate
- The long-term pattern of weather in a particular area.

- A region's weather patterns, usually tracked for at least 30 years, are considered climate.
FACTORS AFFECTING CLIMATE
Latitude - measures the distance north or south of the equator.
- It is measured with 180 imaginary lines that form circles around Earth east-west, parallel to
the Equator.

Altitude - height of an object or structure above a reference level, usually above sea level or the
Earth's surface.
Ocean Current - movement of sea water driven by gravity, wind ( Coriolis Effect) and water
density
- helps to counteract the uneven distribution of solar radiation reaching Earth's surface.
Air Masses - a large body of air with generally uniform temperature and humidity.
- they carry weather conditions (heat or cold) (dry or moist) from the source region
to a new region.
Topography - physical features of an area


TYPES OF CLIMATE
Tropical - hot or humid

- tropical regions have high temperature and high pressure
Arid/ Desert - extremely dry and receives less than 25 cm or 10 inches of a rainfall per year.
Temperate - moderate, or in the middle• has some hot weather and some cold weather.
Polar - place where the climate usually has a temperature below freezing, is icy, and is covered
with snow most of the time.
Mediterranean - unique climatic regimes of mild wet winters and warm and dry summers .

Climate Change - refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns.
- the current rapid warming of the Earth's climate caused by human activity.
CAUSES OF CLIMATE CHANGE
A. Natural Factors
1. Movement of Plates 2. Volcanic Eruption
B. Human Activities
1. Burning Fossil Fuels 2. Deforestation
Effects of Climate Change

1. Rising temperatures 2. Melting Ice Caps

3. Sea Level Rise 4. Extreme Weather Events
Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies

1. Renewable Energy 2. Afforestation
3. Sustainable Agriculture 4. Urban Planning


SUMMARY
Studying climate provides essential insights into Earth's complex environmental systems,
helping us comprehend past, present, and future climate dynamics, anticipate impacts, and devise
effective strategies for adaptation and mitigation.
Addressing weather and climate issues is essential for safeguarding human well-being,
preserving ecosystems, ensuring food and water security, protecting public health, promoting
economic stability, and mitigating climate change. By taking proactive measures to address these
challenges, we can build a more resilient and sustainable future for all.
REFERENCES:
https://www.sciencephoto.com/media/183530/view/burning-fossil-fuel-composite-
imagehttps://www.un.org/en/climatechange/raising-ambition/renewable-
energyhttps://www.thestatesman.com/india/railways-ambitious-afforestation-plan-for-
uttarakhand-1503138779.htmlhttps://walterschindler.com/agricultural-sustainability-
articles/what-is-sustainable-agriculture-advantages-challenges
https://www.worldwildlife.org/industries/sustainable-
agriculturehttps://blogs.worldbank.org/europeandcentralasia/tale-three-friends-urban-planning-
and-why-it-matters-polish-developmenthttps://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/all-
about-
climate/https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/latitude.htmlhttps://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictio
nary/english/topography

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Republic of the Philippines

MARINDUQUE STATE COLLEGE

FSSE 123: Places and Landscape in a Changing World