Professional Documents
Culture Documents
It is the pillar of criminal justice that covers the penalization and rehabilitation of offenders
Response and combat against crime
Primary prevention- Effecting conditions of the physical and social environment that provide
opportunities for or precipitate criminal acts. Ex paglagay cctv
Community-based responses
Justice reinvestment
Early intervention
Developmental strategies
Social development
Community policing
Neighborhoods and populations at risk
Indigenous community justice initiatives
Institutional correction- Is a community-based corrections are you’re either placed on parole or given
probation
Non-institutional correction- means that the individual is placed in a prison or jail, which means they
are housed in a secure correctional facility.
Bureau of Jail Management and Penology- under 3 years penalty, city jail/district jail
Provincial Jails- Under the local government
Bureau of Corrections- More than 3 years to reclusion perpetua, only one in New Bilibid Prison
Rehabilitation Centers for drug users
Parole and Probation Administration
Bahay Pag-Asa and Youth Center- Mga bata
Local Social Welfare Office and Barangay (Community Service)
Inmates
Generic term used to describe a person deprived of liberty, either as detainee or prisoners
Detainees- inmates that are awaiting trial/judgement or under investigation. (under BJMP)
3 Classes of Detainees
Undergoing investigation;
Awaiting or undergoing trial; and
Awaiting final judgment
A. Insular Prisoner - one who is sentenced to a prison term of three (3) years and one (1) day to
reclusion Perpetua or life imprisonment;
B. Provincial Prisoner - one who is sentenced to a prison term of six (6) months and one (1) day to three
(3) years;
C. City Prisoner - one who is sentenced to a prison term of one (1) day to three (3) years; and
(BJMP Manual)
High Profile Inmate- Those who require increased security based on intense media coverage
or public concern as a result of their offense such as but not limited to those who have
been involved in a highly controversial or sensationalized crime or those who became
prominent for being a politician, government official, multi-million entrepreneur, religious
or cause-oriented group leader and movie or television personality
High Risk Inmate- Those who are considered highly dangerous and who require a greater
degree of security, control and supervision because of their deemed capability of escape,
of being rescued, and their ability to launch or spearhead acts of violence inside the jail. This
includes those charged with heinous crimes such as murder, kidnapping for ransom, economic
sabotage, syndicated or organized crimes, etc. Also included are inmates with military or
police trainings or those whose life is in danger or under imminent threat
High Value Targets- a target, either a resource or a person, who may either be an enemy
combatant, high ranking official or a civilian in danger of capture or death, typically in
possession of critical intelligence, data, or authority marked as an objective for a mission and
which a commander requires for the successful completion of the same.
Security Threat Group- Any formal or informal ongoing inmates’ group, gang, organization
or association consisting of three or more members falling into one of the following basic
categories: street gangs, prison gangs, outlaw gangs, traditional organized crime, aboriginal
gangs, subversive groups and terrorist organizations.
Terrorist Group- A group of persons that commits any of the following: piracy and mutiny
in the high seas or in the Philippine waters, rebellion or insurrection, coup d’état,
murder, kidnapping and serious illegal detention, crimes involving destruction, arson,
hijacking, violation of laws on toxic substances and hazardous and nuclear waste control,
violations of atomic energy regulations, anti-piracy and anti-highway robbery, illegal and
unlawful possession, manufacture, dealing in, acquisition or disposition of firearms,
ammunitions or explosives.
Violent Extremist Group- A person whose political or religious ideologies are considered far
outside the mainstream attitudes of the society or who violates common moral standards
and who has adopted an increasingly extreme ideals and aspirations resorting to the
employment of violence in the furtherance of his/ her beliefs.
Medium Risk Inmate- Those who represent a moderate risk to the public and staff. These
inmates still require greater security, control and supervision as they might escape from and
might commit violence inside the jail.
Minimum Risk Inmates- Those inmates who have lesser tendencies to commit offenses and
generally pose the least risk to public safety. In most cases, they may be first time
offenders and are charged with light offenses.
BuCor Classification
Super- For special group of inmates composed of incorigibles and dangerous inmates who are
difficult to manage for being the source of constant disturbance in the maximum institution
Maximum- For dangerous or high security risks inmates as determine by the Classification board
who require a high degree of control and supervision.
Medium- For inmates who cannot be trusted in less secured areas and those whose conduct for
behavior require minimum supervision.
With severe physical handicap as certified by the chief of the medical services of the
institution
Who are sixty-five years of age and above, without pending case and whose convictions are on
appeal
Who have only 6 months more to serve before the expiration of their maximum sentence
Correctional Officers
Jail Guards
Parole and Probation Officers
Definition of Punishment
Punishment is a means of social control; a device to cause people to become cohesive and to induce
conformity
Sawing- The victim would be hung upside down and slowly sawn in
half.
Contemporary Punishments
Imprisonment
Fines
Parole
Conditional pardon
Probation
Death penalty
Corporal punishment
Banishment
Community service
Justification of Punishment
Retribution
Expiation/atonement
Deterrence/exemplarity
Protection/social defense
Reformation
Constitutional Provision for the Imposition of Punishment
"No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law nor shall be
deprived of equal protection of the laws”
Classical School
The criminal is viewed as acting as a result of freewill and as being motivated by hedonism.
Advocated by Cesare Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham
Beccaria's On Crimes and Punishment has influenced jurisprudence of Europian and Anglo
American