Non- institutional,

Community –based
Correctional Practices
 Non-institutional Corrections-

is a method of correcting sentenced offenders

without having going to prison.
- the advantages of this is that less costly on the
part of the government.
- The community will also be involved so that
crime becomes less hard to control.
Advantages of Community-based Corrections

• Family members need not be victims also for the

imprisonment of a member because the convict
can still continue to support his family, not to be
far away from his children.
• Rehabilitation will be more effective as the
convict will not be exposed to hardened
criminals in prisons who will only influence him
to a life of crime.
• Rehabilitation can be monitored by the
community thus corrections can be made and be
more effective.

• Cost of incarceration will be eliminated.

 Disadvantages of Imprisonment

a. Imprisonment leads to other problem related to an

offenders stigmatization and de-socialization.
b. Prisons usually alienate offenders from their family
that leads to broken home, friends and acquaintances.
c. Prisons leads to dehumanizing conditions
d. Prison will more exposed an inmate to the influences
and hold of hardened criminals making him hardened
instead of reformed upon release.
 New Approaches in Community-based treatment

- This involve the harnessing and maximization of

community structures outside the family.
- The schools which are responsible for the
education of individuals.
- The church responsible for the spiritual belief of
individuals.
- Community leaders
- Non-government organization, voluntary and
peoples organizations and others.
- They are tapped and mobilized to contribute
their resources to the treatment and
reintegration of offenders and the strengthening
of their families.
- Philippines has its unique and indigenous way of
settling disputes and treating offenders at its
smallest political unit level which is known as
village or barangay.

- The system is called Katarungang Pambarangay

and aimed settlement of disputes at the barangay
level.
- This was established since 1978 and aims to
promote the speedy, more just and inexpensive
administration of justice.
• The challenge facing local governments now is
to maximize and harness the katarungang
pambarangay as one of the most valuable
mechanisms available in administering justice,
advancing human rights protection and
resolving and/or mediating conflict at the
barangay level through non-adversarial means.
Executive Clemency
-refers to Pardon (absolute and conditional)
-Parole
-Commutation of Sentence

upon the recommendation of the Board of

Pardons and Parole.
The president has the power to grant
-Pardons
-Commutation of sentence
-Reprieves
-Amnesty

for all offenses EXCEPT impeachment

cases and remit fines and forfeitures after the
recipient has been convicted.
The Board of Pardons and Parole
-in the agency in charge with the release of the
sentenced prisoners based on modes specified by
law.
-its action and proceedings are governed by the
provisions of Section 4 of Act No. 4103,
otherwise known as the “Indeterminate
Sentence Law”, as amended, and Executive
Order No. 292, series of 1987, otherwise
known as the “Administrative Code of 1987”.
PARDON
-is a form of executive clemency granted by the
President of the Philippines as a privilege
extended to a convict as a discretionary act of
grace.
-legislative and judiciary branch of the
government has NO power to set conditions or
procedures for the exercise of this presidential
prerogative.
-it is highly political in nature.
Kind of Pardon
1.Absolute Pardon
-no conditions attached
-is granted upon the recommendation of the
BPP to the President through the Secretary
of Justice
2.Conditional Pardon
-has conditions attached
Conditional Pardon
-refers to the exemption of an individual, within
certain limits or conditions from the
punishment that the law inflicts for the offense
he has committed resulting in the partial
extinction of his criminal liability.
Amnesty
-special form of pardon.
-a general pardon extended to a certain class of
people who are usually political offenders.
-needs the agreement of Congress and the courts
also take judicial notice of the act by the
president.
-it can be granted before and after conviction by
the courts.
Reprieve
-another prerogative of the President.
-generally, it is applied to death sentences
already affirmed by the Supreme Court.
-is the temporary stay of the execution of a
sentence.
Commutation of Sentence
-the reduction of the duration of prison
sentence.
-does not forgive the offender but merely
reduces the penalty of life imprisonment or
death sentence for a term of years.
-fixed or determinate sentence is reduce to a
lesser indeterminate sentence.
NOTE:
-to avail Executive Clemency, a formal
petition shall be addressed and submitted
to the Board of Pardons and Parole.
otherwise known as the “Indeterminate Sentence
Law”, which was approved on December 5,
1933